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In $1997,$ Dolly the sheep was cloned by a technique called somatic-cell nuclear transfer (or nuclear-transfer cloning). A nucleus from an adult mammary cell was transferred into an egg from which the nucleus had been removed. The egg was allowed to divide several times in culture, then the embryo was transferred to a surrogate mother who gave birth to Dolly. Dolly died in 2003 after mating and giving birth herself to viable offspring. What does the creation of Dolly tell us about the potential of nuclear material derived from a fully differentiated adult cell? Does the creation of Doliy tell us anything about the potential of an intact, fully differentiated adult cell?
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This is because Dolly was derived from an egg containing a nucleus from an adult mammary cell, which is a differentiated cell. This means that the nucleus of a differentiated cell has the potential to reprogram itself and become a totipotent cell, capable of Show more…
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In $1997,$ Dolly the sheep was cloned by a technique called somatic-cell nuclear transfer (or nuclear-transfer cloning). A nucleus from an adult mammary cell was transferred into an egg from which the nucleus had been removed. The egg was allowed to divide several times in culture, then the embryo was transferred to a surrogate mother who gave birth to Dolly. Dolly died in 2003 after mating and giving birth herself to viable offspring. What does the creation of Dolly tell us about the potential of nuclear material derived from a fully differentiated adult cell? Does the creation of Dolly tell us anything about the potential of an intact, fully differentiated adult cell?
Scientists were successful in creating Dolly the sheep using the nucleus isolated from a differentiated cell from an adult mammary gland. They transferred this nucleus to an enucleated egg and activated the egg to start development. Thus, the adult mammary gland nucleus could replace the nucleus created in the 1 cell zygote from the fusion of the egg and sperm genetic material. Wow! It's amazing that this works! 1) Describe in your own words how the success of reproductive cloning is able to demonstrate "genomic equivalence". 2) BUT....While this technique was successful in creating Dolly (and in a wide array of other species), it has a notoriously low success rate. Ignoring all of the technical reasons why this could fail (meaning ignoring all of the "scientist user error"), explain how the contents of the nucleus can contain the same genetic sequence but still not be functionally equivalent to the 1 cell zygote nucleus. What might be different between a mature nucleus and a zygote nucleus that results in the low success rate?
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