Referred pain

Middle trapezius trigger points: It always amazes me how pressing on one small knot in a muscle can produce such profound and florid symptoms. Have a look at his pain map, is this your patients pain map? Is it anything you recognise?

Are you suffering from a tailbone injury or pain? This condition is referred to as coccyndia or pain of the coccyx (medical term for tailbone). To learn more about causes, symptoms, and treatments of tailbone pain read here.

Figure 1 Referred pain patterns from upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, suboccipital, splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, semispinalis capitis and temporalis muscle trigger points as described by Simons et al. Reprinted with permission from Simons D, Travell J, Simons L. Travell & Simons’ myofascial pain and dysfunction: the trigger point manual, Vol. 1, 2nd edn. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999. - "Myofascial Trigger Points and Sensitization: An Updated Pain Model for Tension-Type…

Bone marrow edema can develop as a result of arthritis, joint injury, bone infection, bone tumors, and even some cancers. Learn more about the causes.

The cervical spine (neck) is made up of seven vertebrae (bones) and a system of supporting muscles, ligaments, and tendons. The vertebrae are referred to as C1 to C7 and serve the purpose of protecting the spinal cord while allowing for movement of the head. The cervical spine normally has a backward “c” shape, known […]

Let’s take a look at myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). MPS is a common cause of pain and is characterized by pain arising from tight bands of muscle known as trigger points, which often result in pai…

Trigger points and referred pain patterns for the erector spinae muscle group, labeled diagram.