Metal Casting

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METAL CASTING PROCESSES

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Sand Casting Other Expendable Mold Casting Processes Permanent Mold Casting Processes Foundry Practice Casting Quality Metals for Casting Product Design Considerations

Two Categories of Casting Processes


1. Expendable mold processes - mold is sacrificed to remove part Advantage: more complex shapes possible Disadvantage: production rates often limited by time to make mold rather than casting itself 2. Permanent mold processes - mold is made of metal and can be used to make many castings Advantage: higher production rates Disadvantage: geometries limited by need to open mold

Overview of Sand Casting


Most widely used casting process, accounting for a significant majority of total tonnage cast Nearly all alloys can be sand casted, including metals with high melting temperatures, such as steel, nickel, and titanium Castings range in size from small to very large Production quantities from one to millions

Product Design Considerations


Machining Allowances: Almost all sand castings must be machined to achieve the required dimensions and part features Additional material, called the machining allowance, is left on the casting in those surfaces where machining is necessary Typical machining allowances for sand castings are around 1.5 and 3 mm (1/16 and 1/4 in)

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