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Conceptual Dependency

Conceptual Dependency (CD) was originally developed to represent knowledge acquired from natural language input in a way that allows inferences to be drawn from sentences independently of the original wording. CD structures meaning as a series of diagrams depicting actions and relationships between agents and objects using primitive acts modified by tense. Examples of primitive acts in CD include transferring objects or information, applying forces, constructing new information, speaking, focusing senses, and ingesting.

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Ajay Kumar Singh
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54 views

Conceptual Dependency

Conceptual Dependency (CD) was originally developed to represent knowledge acquired from natural language input in a way that allows inferences to be drawn from sentences independently of the original wording. CD structures meaning as a series of diagrams depicting actions and relationships between agents and objects using primitive acts modified by tense. Examples of primitive acts in CD include transferring objects or information, applying forces, constructing new information, speaking, focusing senses, and ingesting.

Uploaded by

Ajay Kumar Singh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conceptual Dependency (CD)

Conceptual Dependency originally developed to represent knowledge acquired from natural language input. The goals of this theory are:

To help in the drawing of inference from sentences. To be independent of the words used in the original input. That is to say: For any 2 (or more) sentences that are identical in meaning there should be only one representation of that meaning.

It has been used by many programs that portend to understand English (MARGIE, SAM, PAM). CD developed by Schank et al. as were the previous examples. CD provides:

a structure into which nodes representing information can be placed a specific set of primitives at a given level of granularity.

Sentences are represented as a series of diagrams depicting actions using both abstract and real physical situations.

The agent and the objects are represented The actions are built up from a set of primitive acts which can be modified by tense.

Examples of Primitive Acts are: ATRANS -- Transfer of an abstract relationship. e.g. give. PTRANS -- Transfer of the physical location of an object. e.g. go. PROPEL -- Application of a physical force to an object. e.g. push. MTRANS -- Transfer of mental information. e.g. tell. MBUILD -- Construct new information from old. e.g. decide. SPEAK -- Utter a sound. e.g. say. ATTEND -- Focus a sense on a stimulus. e.g. listen, watch. MOVE -- Movement of a body part by owner. e.g. punch, kick. GRASP

-- Actor grasping an object. e.g. clutch. INGEST -- Actor ingesting an object. e.g. eat. EXPEL -- Actor getting rid of an object from body. e.g. ????. Six primitive conceptual categories provide building blocks which are the set of allowable dependencies in the concepts in a sentence: PP -- Real world objects. ACT -- Real world actions. PA -- Attributes of objects. AA -- Attributes of actions. T -- Times. LOC -- Locations.

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