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    Diagnostic Test in Hematology

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    JOHN ARBIE TATTAO, RN
    This document discusses diagnostic tests for hematologic disorders. It covers laboratory tests like complete blood count, peripheral blood smear, and coagulation studies. It also discusses radiologic tests like lymphangiography and bone marrow examination. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are described in detail, including nursing responsibilities before and after the procedures.

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    Diagnostic Test in Hematology

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    JOHN ARBIE TATTAO, RN
    7K views18 pages
    This document discusses diagnostic tests for hematologic disorders. It covers laboratory tests like complete blood count, peripheral blood smear, and coagulation studies. It also discusses radiologic tests like lymphangiography and bone marrow examination. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are described in detail, including nursing responsibilities before and after the procedures.

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    This document discusses diagnostic tests for hematologic disorders. It covers laboratory tests like complete blood count, peripheral blood smear, and coagulation studies. It also discusses radiologic tests like lymphangiography and bone marrow examination. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are described in detail, including nursing responsibilities before and after the procedures.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx
    7K views18 pages

    Diagnostic Test in Hematology

    Uploaded by

    JOHN ARBIE TATTAO, RN
    This document discusses diagnostic tests for hematologic disorders. It covers laboratory tests like complete blood count, peripheral blood smear, and coagulation studies. It also discusses radiologic tests like lymphangiography and bone marrow examination. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are described in detail, including nursing responsibilities before and after the procedures.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx
    of 18

    HEMATOLOGIC

    DISORDERS:
    DIAGNOSTIC
    BY: JOHN ARBIE T. TATTAO, RN
    I. LABORATORY TESTS
    A.Blood Examinations (CBC)
    Ø Used to monitor a patient’s
    progress response to treatment
    Ø Most common laboratory test:
    Hgb and Hct levels
    4.Hgb test : measures the amount
    of Hgb in the peripheral blood by
    weight
    Hct test : measures the ratio of
    2. RBC Indices
    b.Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
    – N: 80 – 95%
    Formula: Hct/RBC
    b. Mean Corpuscular Hgb(MCH)
    N: 27 – 32%
    Mean Corpuscular Hgb Conc.
    (MCHC) – N: 32 – 36%
    Formula: MCH: Hgb/RBC
    MCHC: Hgb/Hct
    3. Reticulocyte Count – measures
    the number of immature RBC’s
    circulating in the blood
    - Provides useful info.
    about the erythropoietic activity
    of the bone marrow
    4. Differential WBC Count
    5. Platelet Count
    6. RBC Count
    Laboratory Test of Blood
    Cells
    I. LABORATORY TESTS
    B. PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR
    ØIdentifies the color, size, shape
    and contents of RBC
    1. Color: (Normochromic,
    Hypochromic)
    2. Anisocytosis: (Normocytic,
    Microcytic, Macrocytic)
    3. Poikilocytosis: (Leptocytes,
    Spherocytes)
    I. LABORATORY TESTS
    C. Coagulation Studies
    1. aPTT : N: 25 – 35 seconds
    ØMeasure the number of seconds
    in which a clot forms
    2. PT: N: 10 – 13 seconds
    ØAlso measures the time needed
    to form a clot, but specifically
    measures clotting factors (I, II,
    II. RADIOLOGIC TEST
    A. Lymphangiography
    Ø A radologic technique used for
    visualization of the lymphatic system
    flow and nodes to detect the
    presence or stage of disease
    Ø Radiologist makes a small incision
    between the toes or fingers and
    instills dye. An iodine-based dye is
    injected and rediographs are taken
    then and again after 24 and 48 hrs
    Lymphangiography
    Nursing Responsibility:
    Pre-procedure:
    1. Obtain informed consent
    2. Assess pt. For allergy to
    iodine
    3. Local anaesthesia is used
    before the needle insertion
    Lymphangiography
    4. Inform patient that he may
    experience a sensation of
    warmth and flushing as the
    iodine based dye is injected
    5. The examiner may ask the
    patient to walk
    Post Procedure:
    1. Elevate affected limb for 24
    Lymphangiography
    2. Assess pt. For signs of
    bleeding/adverse reaction
    to the dye
    3. Assess the affected
    extremity for any change
    in sensorimotor function
    III. BONE MARROW
    EXAMINATION
    Purposes:
    2.To evaluate abnormal blood
    cells
    3.Monitor the effects of bone
    marrow depressants
    4.Monitor the patient’s response
    to treatment
    5.Help diagnose disorders
    III. BONE MARROW
    EXAMINATION
    1.Bone Marrow Aspiration
    Ø Most common procedure for
    obtaining a bone marrow
    sample
    Ø √Most common site for BMA:
    Ø Other site: sternum,
    anterior/posterior iliac spines
    III. BONE MARROW
    EXAMINATION
    Indication of BMA:
    ØSevere anemia
    ØThrombocytopenia
    ØAcute leukemia
    ØNeutropenia
    III. BONE MARROW
    EXAMINATION
    2. Bone Marrow Biopsy
    ØIndicated when a large
    sample of bone marrow is
    needed
    Ø√Most common site of
    BMB
    ØOther site: sternum,
    III. BONE MARROW
    EXAMINATION
    Indication of BMB:
    ØPancytopenia
    ØLymphoma
    ØMyelofibrosis
    ØMetastatic tumor
    ØMutliple myeloma
    Nursing Responsibility
    Pre-procedure:
    2.Education, preparation, and
    emotional support of the patient
    before bone marrow aspiration
    3.Remind the pt. to lie still during
    the entire procedure
    Post-procedure:
    1. Apply pressure dressing over the
    aspiration site
    Nursing Responsibility
    2. Advise patient to lie on
    the biopsied side.
    3. Monitor the site every
    15 minutes.
    4. An ice bag maybe
    applied to the site

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