Φυλλάδιο 34 - §3.7 Εμβαδόν επίπεδου χωρίου PDF

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&

()
3:
34
555
1
3.7


f , ,
().
.

1.

. f , xx
x x
:
[functions] y1 = 8*a^3/(x^2+4*a^2)
[rparameters]
a = 2.0

[nparameters] nrPts = 200


[intervals] [ -15.000000, 15.000000 ]
[nrofpoints] nrPts
[comments] The curve "Witch of Agnesi" expressed as graph of a function.

E() f(x) dx

a
=2.0000

: f [, ] :
[functions] nrPts
y1 = 8*a^3/(x^2+4*a^2)
[rparameters]
a = 2.0
= 200
[nparameters] nrPts = 200
[intervals] [ -15.000000, 15.000000 ]
[nrofpoints]y1
nrPts
[functions]
= -8*a^3/(x^2+4*a^2)
[comments]
Theacurve
[rparameters]
= 2.0"Witch of Agnesi" expressed as graph of a function.
[nparameters] nrPts = 200
[intervals]
[ -15.000000, 15.000000 ]
a
[nrofpoints] nrPts
=2.0000
nrPts
[comments]
The curve "Witch of Agnesi" expressed as graph of a function.

-q1

1. f(x) 0 , x , ,

x=

x=

Cf

= 200

-q1

() f(x)dx

a
=
2.0000
nrPts
=200

_g2

1. f(x) 0 , x , ,

() -f(x)dx=- f(x )dx

Cf

x=

1. f [, ],

x=

x=

x=

f -

Cf

() ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) f(x)dx+ -f(x)dx+ f(x)dx

, f [, ].
1 f ,
:
) f(x) x , xx, x=1 , x=4
) f (x) x , xx, x=

3
, x=
2
2

) f ( x) x 2 4 x 3 , xx, x=1 , x=3


) f(x) lnx , xx, x=

1
, x=e
e

-1-

2012-2013

2.

. f g
x x .
:

() f(x) g(x) dx

-x0

Cg
1

Cf
x=

x=

f(x)-g(x) [, ]. :

() ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) f(x) g(x)dx g(x) f(x)dx f(x) g(x)dx

, f(x)-g(x) [ ,]
2
f , g :
) f(x) x , g(x) x , x 0, x 2 .
3.

f g..
Cf
Cg

x=

x=

f(x) g(x) .

x x

E() f(x) g(x) dx

1)
f xx (g(x)=0)
2) , f .

-2-

2012-2013

f , , .
3
f , g : f(x) x 3 , g( x) 2x x 2 .
4 C f xx,
: f ( x)
4.

x 3 3x 2 x 3
.
x2


, E() , E() .
, E() ,

, 0 ..
.
, E()
. !
:

[functions]
1 Cf , xx,
y1 = a/x

[rparameters]
()
x () x .
a = 2.0
[nparameters]
nrPts = 240
:
[intervals] [
-10.000000,
a
:
0.000000),

i)

=3.0000
(0.000000,
nrPts
10.000000)
= 240
[nrofpoints]
nrPts
[comments]
The inverse
function
defined over
two intervals
to avoid
division by
1
zero.

x=
x=

E() 1

E( ) E() f(t) dt

[functions]
() .
[functions]
lim
y1 = a/x

y1 = a/x

ii) 0 .

[rparameters]
[rparameters]
aa == 2.0
2.0
[nparameters]
[nparameters]
nrPts
nrPts == 240
240
[intervals]
[intervals] [[
-10.000000,
-10.000000,
aa
0.000000),
0.000000),
=3.0000
(0.000000,
nrPts
=3.0000
(0.000000,
nrPts
10.000000)
10.000000)
=
-o0
= 240
240
[nrofpoints]
[nrofpoints]
nrPts
-q0
nrPts
[comments]
[comments]
2
The
The inverse
inverse
function
function
defined over
defined over
two intervals
two intervals
to avoid
to avoid
division by
division by
zero.
zero.

() 2

x=
x=

E( ) E() f(t) dt

x=

lim () .

x=

ln x
C f ,
x2
xx x 0 1 .

5 f(x)

) E() .
) : A lim E() B lim E()
x

x 0

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2012-2013

5.

.
( , xx , ...
)
Ch

Cg
3
Cf


2.

: () [f(x)-g(x)]dx+ [f(x)-h(x)]dx+ [(x)-h(x)] dx ()

6 , :
) . f(x) 3 x , g(x) x y 3 x 0 .
) C f f(x) x , (1,1) xx.
6. f -1

: E()

(x) dx :

f 1 (x) 0 ,

x f(u) f 1 (x) u, dx f (u)du

n.

f ()=

Cf

f() f 1 () f() f 1 () .

y=x

Cf -1

-1

f ()

f 1 (x)dx uf (u)du xf (x)du

C f 1 , x=

Cf , yy y=

( C f 1 , Cf y=x)
:

()= f 1 (x)dx =
0

[-f(x )]dx

( f()=)

1) , y x

Cf 1 y x ' C f

y x . , C f Cf 1 .
:

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2012-2013

2)
11 f x
E 2 f x xdx x1 , x 2 x2

x1

Cf y x .
7 f (x) e x x 1 .
) .
) f f 1 .
) . f 1 ,
xx x e .

()


f(x) x A ,0 . 2
Cf ,
x 0 x .
:
f . A

Cf [0 , ] , f(x) x f 0,
2

, , x 0 .
2
2


f(x) x , f 1 , A ,0 :
2
2

: y 0 x : y x .
2
2


Cf 0, , f Cf
2

2 , f .

Cf , x 0 x :

2
0

x2
2 x2

x
dx

dx

x x

2
2

2
2 2
0 2 2

2
2 ..
4

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2012-2013

()
[ , 349-251]

1.

2.

f(x) x 2 ,

f 1 (x) , f x x 3 x 1 , x- x 1 x 3 .
x 0 , yy y 1 , y 4 .

3.

3
(i) f(x) x 3 x 11.
4

(ii) Cf Cf 1 .
(iii) Cf Cf 1 .
4.

4
, x0.
x
) -

f(x) 2x

f , xx x , x 1 , 0 ,

1
E() 2 1 4 ln 1 .

) E() .
5.

f( x) x 5 x 3 x .

[]

) f , f
.
) f(e x ) f(1 x) , x .
) f (0,0) f f -1.
) . f -1 ,
6.

xx x 3 .
) h,g [,] h(x) g(x) x [,] ,

h(x)dx g(x)dx .

) f
f(x) e f( x) x 1, x f(0) 0 .

i)

f f .

x
f(x) xf (x) , x 0 .
2
1
1
iii) N E f(1) ,
4
2

ii)

Cf , xx x 0, x 1 .

-6-

2012-2013

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