Women in The Biblical World. Women in The World of Hebrew Scripture

Women in the Biblical World
A Study Guide
-- -- ------ - - - -- --- ---- - - - - - - -
Women in the World ofHebrew Scripture
by
Mayer I. Gruber
ATLA Bibliography Series, No. 38
The Ameriean Theological
Library Association
and
The Scareerow Press, Ine.
Lanham, Md., & London
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VolumeOne
SCARECROW PRESS, INC.
Published in the United States of America
by Scarecrow Press, Inc.
4720 Boston Way
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Copyright 1995 by Mayer 1. Grober
British Cataloguing-in-Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Grober, Mayer I. (Mayer Jrwin)
Wornen in the biblica1 world : a study guide I by Mayer I. Grober.
p. cm. - (ATI..A bibliography series, no. 38)
Includes bibliographica1 references and indexes.
Contents: v. 1. Wornen in the world ofHebrew scripture.
1. Wornen in the Bible-Bibliography. 2. Bible-Bibliography.
3. Women-Middle East-Bibliography. I. Title. n. Series.
Z7770.G77 1995 [BS680.W7] 016.2209'082-dc20 95-35831 CIP
ISBN 0-8108-3069-8 (v. 1) (cloth: alk. paper)
e
w
The paper used in this publication rneets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Manufactured in the United States of Amerlca.
In Memory of Judith
,'n""J nJilN ",n) ,on " 'n'Jr
ily"r N' l"NJ ,J'OJ "nN ,nJ'
I recall your your love as a-bride,
your following me in the desert, in an unsown land
Ueremiah 2:2).
CONTENTS
page itern #
Editor's Foreword .................................................................... vi
Preface ...................... ! ................................ ........................... vii
Introduction ............................................................................ xv
Abbreviations ......................................................................... xxi
1. General Works on Wornen in Antiquity ............................ 1 1
2. Wornen in Ancient Near East:
Books, Articles, and Dissertations ................................ 6 53
3. Wornen in the Art and Archaeology of the Ancient
Near East: Books, Articles, and Dissertations: ............ 12 122
4. Wornen and Wornanhood in Hebrew Scripture: Books .. 19 209
5. Wornen and Wornanhood in Hebrew Scripture: Articles 50 626
6. Wornen and Wornanhood in Hebrew Scripture:
Theses and Dissertations .................................. 0'....... 153 1972
7. Wornen and Wornanhood in Ancient Egypt:
Books and Dissertations ........................................... 156 1998
8. Wornen and W ornanhood in Ancient Egypt: Articles .... 162 2072
9. Wornen and W ornanhood in Elephantine ..................... 179 2299
10. Wornen and Wornanhood in Ancient Mesopotarnia:
Books and Dissertations ........................................... 180 2311
11. Wornen and Wornanhood in Ancient Mesopotarnia
Articles .................................................................... 186 2376
12. Wornen and Wornanhood at Mari ................................ 206 2632
13. Wornen and Wornanhood arnong the Hittites ............... 208 2654
14. Wornen and Wornanhood arnong the Hurrians ............ 212 2697
15. Wornan and Wornanhood at Ugarit .............................. 216 2739
16. Wornen and Wornanhood in Elarn and Persia ............... 224 2843
17. Wornen and Wornanhood arnong the Phoenicians ........ 225 2857
18. Asherah: Rooks, Articles, and Dissertations .................. 227 2883
Author Index ........................................................................ 233
Subject Index ........................................................................ 253
Index of Biblical References ................................................. 263
Index of Hebrew and Akkadian Terms ................................. 269
About the Author ................................................................. 271
v
EDITOR'S FOREWORD
Since 1974 the American Theological Library Association has been
publishing this bibliography se ries with the Scarecrow Press. Guide-
lines for projects and selections for publication are made by the
ATLA Publications Section in consultation with the editor. Our goal
is to stimulate and encourage the preparation and publication of
reliable bibliographies and guides to the literature of religious studies
in a11 of its scope and variety. Compilers are free to define their
fields, to make their own selections, and to work out internal
.organization as the unique demands of the subject indicate.
We are pleased to publish Mayer Gruber's Wornen in the Biblical-
World: A Study Guide, Volume I: Women in the World of Hebrew
Scripture in the ATLA Bibliography Series.
Mayer 1. Gruber completed an undergraduate program in history
at Duke University, studied theology at theJewish TheologicalSemi-
nary of America, and took the M.A., M. Phil., and Ph.D. degrees in
Middle East Languages and Cultures at ColumbiaUniversity. His
1977 doctoral dissertation was titled "Aspects of Nonverbal Commu-
nication in the Ancient Near East." Dr. Gruber began his teaching
career at Spertus College of Judaica in Chicago. Since 1980 he has
taught in the Department of Bible and Ancient Near East at Ben-
Gurion University of the Negev in Beersheva, Israel, where since
1984 he has held the rank of Senior Lecturer. He has also taught at
the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Levinksy College of Education,
Tel Aviv, and Eilat College. He has twice been honored with Visiting
Scholar appointments in the Department of Near Eastern Languages
and Liter.atures at the University of Chicago. He is the author of four
books and a large number of scholarly papers. .
VI
Kenneth E. Rowe
Series Editor
Drew University Library
NJ 07940
USA
PREFACE
This Guide is meant to provide scholars, clergy, seminarians, college
students, and a11 other interested people access to books and arti-
cles-both technical and semi-popular-which shed light on women
in antiquity in Israel and Judah and the surrounding countries, which
playa role in the entire corpus of sacred literature commonly called
"The Bible." The first volume is meant to provide access to books
and articles, which shed light on women in the world of Hebrew
Scripture, which is commonly called "The Old Testament." The
second volume is meant to provide access to books and articles,
- which shed light on women in the world of the Apocrypha and the-
New Testament.
From the end of the eighteenth century the world regained direct
knowledge of the history , language, literature, religion, and day-to-
day life of ancient Egypt,l which borders Israel on the southwest and
which is mentioned explicitly in Hebrew Scripture680 times. Egypt
was the birthplace of the first of the Hebrew prophetesses, Mifiam,
. and the place where according to Ex. 12: received the first
of its divine commandments. It was alsothe place where, according
to Gen. 12: 10-20, Sarai, the first of the matriarchs, risked commit-
ting adultery with Pharaoh in order to save her husband Abram from
possible murder. It was in Egypt also that in 586 B.C.E. the prophet
Jeremiah castigated the exiled Jewish women for worshipping the
Sumerian goddess of love, Inanna Ger. 44).
From the middle of the nineteenth century the world regained
direct knowledge of the history, language, literature, religion, and
day-to-day life of ancient Iraq (Sumer, Assyria, and Babylonia),2
which was the probable location of the Garden of Eden referred to in
the second and third chapters of the first book of Hebrew Scripture.
It is generally accepted that the birthplace of Abram and his wife and
half-sister Sarai was none other than the Sumerian city of Ur.3
Moreover, Mesopotamia was the place to wh ich both Israelites and
Jews were carried away captive by Sargon 11 in 722 B.C.E. and by
Nebuchadnezzar in 597 and 586 B.C.E. Moreover, Assyria
4
. and
Babylonia,S often personified as women, featureprominently in the
biblical.books of Kings, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Nahum.
Almost a11 knowledge of the history, language, literature, religion,
and day-to-day life of the aboriginal peoples of ancient Syria-Pales-
tine, whom Hebrew Scripture generally refers to most frequently as
Amorites and Canaanites derives from the abundant archaeological
finds including manifold written records from 1) the eighteenth
vii
Preface Vlll
century B.C.E. Amorite kingdom oi Mari on the Tigris;6 2) the Syrian
si te of Ras Shamra or Ugarit;7 3) the Syrian sites of Alalakh
8
and
Emar;9 and 4) Phoenician inscriptions. 10
Knowledge concerning the Hittites
ll
and Hurrians
12
has been
provided by documents from a11 over the ancient Near East but espe-
cially by texts recovered from Boghazky (ancient Hattusas) in
Anatolia and Yoghlan Tepe (ancient Nuz) in southern Kurdistan,
respectively.
To persons with some knowledge of both the origins of Western
civilization in the ancient Neae East and the drama of their redis-
covery it should come as no surprise either that a11 kinds of interest-
ing and useful facts, ideas, outlooks, and artificacts can disappear for
millenia at a time or that some of these facts, opinions, and things can
be recovered.
The new discipline called "Women's history" grew, inter aHa, out
of 1) the realization that by and large women had been out
of the history of western civilization; 2) the intuition that women
like other outsiders such as the Jews
13
can be restored to their
rightful place in the documentation oi the history of humankind; and
3) the realization that groups who can claim a past have a greater
claim to recognition in the present.
14
I believe, therefore, that it was my training in the history, lan-
guages, and cultures of the ancient Semites, which were dramatically
recovered from archaeological sites during the last century and a half,
that made me believe that the history and culture of wornen in the
biblical world could also be recovered. It is probably no accident that
a rnajority of the outstanding ferninist biblical scholars received their
initial graduate academic training in the study of the languages and
cultures of the ancient Near East.
Nevertheless, it cannot be an accident that most of the scholarly
books and articles on women in ancient Israel were published after
the rnid-1970s nor that the other period during which a significant
number of studies on the subject appeared was 1890-1930.
My generation of biblical philologists began our graduate studies
believing that our task was to investigate the original meaning of
every obscure word in Hebrew Scripture and to establish its meaning
on the basis of comparative Semitic linguistics. We believed that
proper utilization of paralleis from the literatures of the ancient Near
East would enable us to establish beyond a shadow of doubt the ob-
jective meaning of a11 of Hebrew Scripture for the benefit oi all per-
sons regardless of denominational origin or affiliation.
I even believed that my interest in the study of wornen and
womanhood in Hebrew Scripture grew out of my atternpt to engage
in an objective philological analysis of the Hebrew prophets. Prepar-
ing this Guide has demonstrated to me, however, that it is no coinci-
,
" I
ix
Wamen in the Biblical World
dence that since the 1970s numerous scholarly articles have been
. devoted to such previously neglected subjects as Huldah the prophet-
ess, feminine similes applied to God in Isaiah 40-66, and wornen in
ancient Israelite worship. The sudden interest in such topics rnust be
understood against the background of the rnovernent for wornen's
liberation, which placed the subject of women on the public agenda.
The study of wornen has becorne recognized in the academy.15
I suggest, therefore, that objective biblical exegesis, which cannot
possibly deal with much less solve every enigma presented in and by
Scripture, is and should be influenced by the larger world to notice
issues, which rnay not have been raised in the larger world in which
some previous generations of exegetes did their work. This is t say
that just as the reconstruction of the history of wornen in the biblical
world depends on the work of archaeologists and linguists so can the
work of these specialists be enriched by ferninist rnovernents and
ideologies.
16
It should not be forgotten that almost a11 that survives of the liter-
ary and cultural legacy of ancient Israel is Hebrew Scripture, whose
history and narrative seldom deal deliberately with the everyday life
of ordinary people. It is nevertheless quite amazing how rnuch ferni-
nist biblical scholars have been able to reveal in the last decades sim-
. ply by asking questions that had not generally been asked in the
imrnediately preceding generations. It should be recognized,
that archaeologists have recovered frorn ancient Israel's
neighbors abundant information about the day-to-day lives of all
classes of people-including letters and contracts written by, on
behalf of or about wornen. Hence, it should not be surprising that the
publication and analysis of ancient Near Eastern texts and artifacts
pertaining to women has proceeded steadily ever since the modern
study of the ancient Near East
17
began while in biblical studies the
study of women was a11 but suspended between the 1930s and the
1970s.1
8
Nevertheless, it should not be surprising that the study of
the civilizations of the ancient Near East has lately been influenced by
the women's rnovernent and women's history to ask new and
irnportant questions.
19
A significant factar in the increased attention on the part of schol-
ars to the subject of women in the Bible is the increased tendency to
treat biblical narrative as literature rather than sirnply as the raw
materials for the reconstruction of the history of ancient Israel. When
biblical narrative is treated seriously as literature the treatment and
behavior of characters-both male and female--cannot be ignored.
During the previous generation, exernplified by the cornmentary on
Genesis by E. A. Speiser, the narrative of Dinah (Gen. 34) is declared
to be "history novelistically interpreted."20 Not surprisingly, Dinah
herself is mentioned only on ce in the more than two full pages
Preface x
Speiser devotes to the narrative in question. In the more recent treat-
ments of biblical narrative as Iiterature no such escape from con-
fronting Dinah's humanity is afforded.
21
Unfortunately, the realiza-
tion that Speiser's philology has so Httle to contribute to the under-
standing of matriarchal narratives has led some scholars to a total dis-
paragement of Semitic philology. This latter tendency will surely
prove harmful to the establishment of the study of biblical women
and their literature on an objective, scientific foundation.
22
The nudeus of this bibliography is the sets of references, which I
collected in the course of researching and preparing for publication
my various studies on women and womanhood in the biblical
world.
23
Noticing (1) the stubborn refusal of many otherwise compe-
tent biblical scholars to recognize feminist scholarship as a legitimate
branch of biblical research and women in the biblical world as a sub-
ject worthy of inquiry; (2) the unfortunate tendency of many-
scholars to know and to quote only the work of their own teachers,
dassmates, and students; (3) the growing tendency in the literary
study of biblical narrative to ignore the weIl of genuine information
from ancient Israel's neighbors, I decided to compile this Guide. I
believe that this Guide demonstrates not only that the subject of
women in the biblical world is worthy of inquiry but also that it is a
field which has al ready engaged the minds of outstanding scholars in
the fields of archaeology, literature, philology, history , and theology.
For students and teachers who come to the Bible from the fields of
literature and/or theology this Guide is meant to place under a single
umbrella materials relevant to women in the biblical world from such
diverse disciplines as Assyriology,24 Ugaritology,25 and the history of
medicine.
26
Professor Caro} Meyers of Duke University kindly supplied me
with a copy of the mimeographed 29-page "Women in the Bible: A
Bibliography," prepared by Harriet V. Leonard, Reference Librarian
at the Library of the Duke Divinity School in 1977. The latter bib-
liography, which covers both the Old and the New Testaments, is
limited to books and articles available seventeen years aga in the
libraries of Duke University. It contains a little more than two pages
of articles in languages other than English and French. Professor
Martha T. Roth of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago
kindly supplied me with her 5 1/2 page "Women in Mesopotamia: A
Bibliography of Secondary Sources," dated October 10, 1991, and
Professor Phyllis Trible of Union Theological Seminary in New York
City provided me with Angela Bauer, "Feminist Interpretation of
Hebrew Scriptures: A Bibliography" (New York: Union Theological
Seminary, 1990). The latter bibliography, comprising twenty-four
pages is to be commended to students of the subject at hand because
it lists for each book of Hebrew Scripture from 1 (Malachi) to
xi
twenty-six (Gen. 12-50) bibliographical entries as weIl as thirty-eight
entries for [feminist] hermeneutics and method (pp. 5-7) and twenty-
nine monographs (pp. 3-4). Prof. Zafrira Ben-Barak of the Dept. of
Bible at the University of Haifa; Dr. Athalya Brenner, Professor of
Feminism and Christianity at the Catholic University of Nijmegen;
and Dr. Nicholas Wyatt of the University of Edinburgh kindly
supplied me with lists of their own publications concerning the
subject at hand. Ms. Naomi Graetz, Senior Teacher in the
Department of English as a Foreign Language at Ben-Gurion
University shared with me the bibliography she collected for her
research on feminist perspectives in Judaism. Especially useful were
Religious Books 1876-1982, vol. 3: Subjects (New York and London:
R. R. Bowker, 1983), the annual book lists published by the British
Society for Old Testament Study, and the bibliographies found at the
- -end of Barbara S. Lesko, ed., Women's Earliest Records from Ancient -
Egypt and Western Asia.
27
However, most of the materials, which I
was able to assemble here, were culled from the painstaking work of
going through festschriften, memorial volumes, publishers'
catalogues, the standard periodicals in biblical and Near Eastern
studies, and the standard indices such as Annual EgyptologicaI
Bibliography,28 the Keilschriftbibliographie published annually in the
. periodical Orientalia, Old Testament Abstracts,29 Elenchus
Bibliographicus,30 and Internationale Zeitshcriftenschau fr
Bibelwissenschaft und Grenzgebiete.
31
It should be noted that the
latter two indices include categories such as women or feminism
beginning only in the most recent volumes while the former indices
do not list such categories even in the most recent volumes.
This Guide differs from the various bibliographies concerning
women in the Bible and the ancient Near East referred to above in
that it refers to a significant body of research on women in the bibli-
cal world in the two important living languages of the Bible lands-
Modern Hebrew and Modern Arabic. Readers will also note that I
have recorded not only artides in so-called scientific refereed journals
but also articles in popular and semi-popular magazines. With respect
to the subject at hand neither type of journal has a monopoly on
either wisdom or foolishness.
I am most grateful to the American Theological Library Associa-
tion for the generous grant, which enabled me to begin work on this
project and to Prof. Kenneth E. Rowe, Editor of the ATLA Bibliog-
raphy Series for his encouragement and support throughout the
preparation of this Guide. I wish to record my thanks to Prof. Rivkah
Harris of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and to my
teacher, Prof. David Marcus of the Jewish Theological Seminary of
America, for their having recommended me for the ATLA
Bibliography Grant. The Committee on Research and Publications of
Preface xii
the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Ben-Gurion
University awarded me a very generous grant toward the cost of the
preparation of the camera-ready copy produced by WordByte. Sin-
cere thanks are due Margo and Amiel Schotz of WordByte for their
painstaking efforts in the preparation of this volume. Special thanks
are due Ben-Gurion University of the Negev for granting me sabbati-
calleave du ring the summer of 1990 and again in the fall of 1991 for
work on this project. I am especially grateful to Mr. R. P. Carr, Uni-
versity Librarian and Keeper of the Brotherton Library at Leeds Uni-
versity in England for arranging for me a Visiting Scholar appoint-
ment at the Brotherton Library during the summer of 1990, Prof.
Wadad Kadi, Chairman of the Dept. of Near Eastern Languages and
Civilizations at the University of Chicago, for arranging for me an
appointment as Visiting Scholar in that Department during the fall of
1991 and Prof. Byron L. Sherwin, Vice-President for Academic
Affairs, for arranging for me an appointment as Ezra Sensibar Visiting
Professor of Biblical Studies at Spertus College of Judaica for the fall
semester of 1991.
I am also most grateful to have. been able to make use of the
libraries of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tel-Aviv University,
the BodleianLibrary at Oxford University, the University Library at
Cambridge University, and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in
Beersheva.
I intended to surprise my dear wife Judith with the dedication to
her of this volume. In the midst of its preparation, however, Judith
was summoned to the Academy on High. In recognition of her en-
couragement, loving devotion, he1p, and sage counsel I dedicate this
first volume of Warnen in the Biblical Warld: A Study Guide to her
memory.
I pray that God Almighty, who has enabled me to complete this
volume, will enable me also to complete other projects, and that this
volume will serve to create renewed respect for Sacred Scripture and
for womankind.
Mayer 1. Gruber
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Beersheva, Israel
November 1994
xiii Wamen in the Biblical Warld
NOTES
1. See Sir Frederic Kenyon, The Bible and Archaeology (London: George
G. Harrap & Co., Ltd., 1940), 58-80; Peter A. Clayton, The Redis-
covery of Ancient Egypt (London: Thames and Hudson, 1982).
2. See S. N. Kramer, The Sumerians (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1963), 3-32_; Sir E. A. WalIisBudge, The IDse and Progress of
Assyriology (London: Martin Hopkinson & Co., 1925).
3. Sir Leonard Woolley, Excavations at Ur (New York: Thomas Y.
Crowell, 1954), 78; contrast C. H. Gordon, "Abraham and the Mer-
chants of Ura," JNES 17 (1958), 28-31.
4. I.e., Northern Iraq, which is mentioned by name in Hebrew Scripture
150 times.
5. I.e., Southern Iraq, wh ich is mentioned by name in Hebrew Scripture
286 times.
6. Concerning the Amorites in general see M. Liverani, "The Amorites,"
in Peoples of Old Testament Times, ed. D. J. Wiseman for the Society
for Old Testament Study (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1973), 1 0 0 ~ 1 3 3 .
Concerning Mari see Abraham Malamat, Mari and the Early Israelite
Experience, The Schweich Lectures of the British Academy, 1984
(Oxford: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, 1989).
7. Cncerning the Canaanites see A. R. Millard, "The Canaanites," in
Peoples of Old Testament Times (see previous note), pp. 29-52. Con-
cerning Ugarit see Margaret S. Drower, "Ugarit," in The Cambridge
Ancient History, vol. 2, pt. 2, 3d ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge Univer-
sity Press, 1975), 130-160.
8. See Sir Leonard Woolley, A Forgotten Kingdom (BaItimore, Md.: Pen-
guin Books, 1953).
9. For extensive bibliography concerning Emar see Meskene-Emar: Dix
ans de travaux 1972-1982 (Paris: Editions Recherches sur les civilisa-
tions, 1982).
10. For abrief survey of these inscriptions see Donald Harden, The
Phoenicians (London: Thames and Hudson, 1962). For an up-to-date
edition of the inscriptions with translation, commentary, and bibliog-
raphy see John C. L. Gibson, Textbook of Syrian Semit;c Inscriptions,
vol. 3: Phoenician Inscriptions (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982).
11. See O. R. Gurney, The Hittites (London: Penguin Books, 1952); J. G.
Macqueen, The Hittites and The;r Contemporaries in Asia Minor, rev.
ed. (London: Thames and Hudson, 1986). .
12. See Gernot Wilhelm, The Hurrians, trans. Jennifer Barnes (Warmin-
ster: Aris & Phillips, 1989).
13. On the emergence of Jewish studies as a recognized academic disci-
pline see Arnold J. Band, "Jewish Studies in American Liberal-Arts
Colleges and Universities," American Jewish Year Book 67 (1966), 3-
30; Jacob Neusner, "Two Settings for Jewish Studies," Conservative
Judaism 27 (1972-73), 27-40.
Preface
XIV
14. See A. Carroll, ed., Liberating Women's History: Theoretical
and Essays (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1976), xi and
paSSIm In that anthology.
15. See Messer-Davidow, (En)Gendering Knowledge: Feminists in
Academta (Knoxv,ill.e: University of Tennessee Press, 1991); Sneja
Gunew, ed., Femtntst Knowledge: Critique and Construct (London
and New York: Routledge, 1990).
16. See Barbara S. ed., Women's Earliest Records from Ancient
Egypt and Asta, Brown Judaic Studies, 166 (Atlanta: Scholars
Press, 198.9), Xl11.
17. Cf. ibid., p. xv.
18. See below, pp. xxiii.
19. Rivkah Harris, "Independent Women in Ancient Mesopotamia?"
In Lesko, Women's Earliest Records, p. 145.
20. E.A. Speiser, Genesis, The Anchor Bible, vol. 1 (Garden City N.Y.:
Doubleday & Co., 1965), 266. '
21. See, e.g.,. Meir St.ernberg, The Poetics of Biblical Narrative (Blooming-
ton:. !ndlana Ulllversity Press, 1985), 445-475, whichhas inspired
addItIonal studies by Ararat and by Fewell and Gunn; q.v.
22. See, Sh,aron. Pace .!eansonne, The Women of Genesis: From Sarah
to Pottphar.s W!f
e
(Ml11neapoIis: Fortress Press, 1990), 3, and con-
trast my reVIew In AJS Review 17 (1992), 281-284.
23. See below, pp. 89-90.
24. Th: study of languages and literatures of ancient Iraq, Le., Baby-
loma and Assyna. Since the first great corpora of texts from andent
Iraq, were deciphered, came from Northern Mesopotamia, i.e.,
the study of all aspects of the language, literature, and culture
of anCIent Iraq came to be called Assyriology.
25. I.e., .the study of the langllage, literature, and culture of ancient
Ugant; see above, n. 7.
26. See, for example, the study published in Obstetrics and Gynecology
by Harer and e1-Dwakhly, wh ich is Iisted below llnder "Women and
Womanhood in Ancient Egypt: Ar ti cl es, "p. 170, #2185.
27. See tllere, pp. 319-344.
28. International }.--ssociation of Egyptologists in co operation
with Nederlands Instltuut voor het Nabije Dosten).
29. I?c.: Catholic Biblical Association and Catholic Uni-
versity of Amenca).
30. (Rome: Biblical Institute Press).
31. (Dsseldorf: Paunost Verlag).
INTRODUCTION
For a general orientation to the study of women in the world of
Hebrew Scripture, commonly called the Old Testament, readers are
urged to consult entries such as "Wornen," "Women in the Old Tes-
tament," and "Women in the Ancient Near East," and the like in such
standard refererice works as The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible
(4 vols.; NewYork and Nashville: Abingdon, 1962); The Interpreter's
Dictionary of the Bible Supplementary Volume (New York and
Nashville: Abingdon, 1975); Harper's Bible Dictionary, ed. Paul J.
Achterneier (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1985); The International
Standard Bible Dictionary,ed;Geoffrey W.Bromley (4 vols.; Grand-
Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979-1988); The Anchor Bible Dictionary (New
York: Doubleday & Co., 1992); and the like, as well as general,
Catholic and Jewish encyclopedias.
The entries in the standard Bible dictionaries concerning biblical
books, in which women play an especially significant role oLten pro-
vide-useful information, insights, and bibliography. Commentaries in
the standard series of Bible commentaries, especially on those biblical
. books or parts of books, in wh ich women play an important role
(Gen. 1-3; 6; 12-50; Ex. 1-15; 21-22; 38:8; Lev. 12; 15; Num. 5-
6; Deut. 15; 21-25; Judg. 13-2); Samuel; Kings; Isaiah; Jeremiah;
Ezekiel; Hosea 1-4; Zephaniah; Ps. 45; Job. 1-3; 31; 42; Song of
Songs [also called Canticles]; Ruth; Esther) should be utilized. Read-
ers should expect that some commentaries published since the mid-
1970s will pay more attention to women and to feminist interpreta-
tions. Some readers may, likewise, be pleasantly surprised that wo-
men were never completely ignored in the better biblical commen-
taries from antiquity until now.
For information and bibliography concerning named goddesses
referred to in Hebrew Scripture the reader is referred to the Diction-
ary of Deities and Demons, ed. K. van der Toorn, et al. (Leiden: E. J.
Brill, 1995).
Standard Bible commentary series, which should be consulted in-
clude The Anchor Bible (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday) Hermeneia
(Minneapolis: Fortress Press); The International Critical Commen-
tary (Edinhurgh: T. & T. Clark/New York: Scribner's); The Jewish
Publication Society Torah Commentary (Philadelphia: Jewish Publi-
cation Society); The New International Commentary on the Old
Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans); Das Alte Testament Deutsch
(Goettingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht); Handbuch zum Alten
Testament (Tbingen: Mohr); Handkommentar zum Alten Testa-
XV
XVI Wamen in the Biblical Warld
ment (Goettingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht); The Word Bible
Commentary (Waca Texas: Word Books, Inc.); etc. Readers should
note that the commentaries listed below under "Hebrew Scripture-
Books" are individual commentaries on books, which are especially
relevant to the subject at hand, and which are not found in any of the
aforementioned series.
Readers are likewise urged to consult Bible dictionaries and the
standard Bible commentaries with respect to the various named" and
unnamed women in the Bible. A list of the unnamed women, who
play a role in Hebrew Scripture, may be compiled from a concor-
dance by examining the entries under "mother of," "daughter of,"
"sister of," and "wife of." As for thewomen named in Hebrew Scrip-
ture-some few of whom merit entries in the standard biblical ency-
clopedias,l there are 111, whose names are as folIows: (1) Abi (2
Kgs. 18:2), who is also called Abijah (2 Ch. 29:1), (2) Abigail the
wife of Nabal and later of.David; (3) Abigail the daughter of Nahash,
who was also sister of Zeruiah, and mother of J oab and Amasah (2
Sam. 17:25); (4) Abigail the si ster of David (1 Ch. 2: 16-17);2
(5) Abihail the wife of Abishur (1 Ch. 2:29); (6) Abihail the wife of
Jerimoth and mother of Mahalath and the wife of Rehoboam (2 Ch.
11:18); (7) Abital wife of David (2 Sam. 3:4; 1 Ch. 3:3); (8) Abishag
(1 Kgs. 1-2); (9) Achsah, daughter of Caleb and wife of Othniel
Uosh. 15; Judg. 1; 1 Ch. 2:49); (10) Adah I, one of the two wives of
Lamech (Gen. 4:23); (11) Adah II, the Hittite wife of Esau (Gen.
36); (12) Ahinoam the wife of Saul (1 Sam. 14:50); (13) Ahinoam
the wife of David (1 Sam. 25 etc.); (14) Anah, the daughter of
Zibeon the Hivite and mother of Oholibamah [see below] (Gen.
36:2); (15) Asenath (Gen. 41); (16) Atarah, the wife of Jerahmeel (1
Ch. 2:26); (17) Queen Athaliah; (17) Azubah, one of the four wives
of Caleb son of Hezron (1 Ch. 2:18); (18) Bilhah; (19) Baara, one of
the two wives of Shaharaim [the other was Hushim] (2 Ch. 8: 8); (20)
Basemath, the Hittite wife of Esau (Gen. 26:34); (21) Basemath, the
Ishmaelite wife of Esau (Gen. 36:3ff.); (22) Basemath the daughter of
King So]omon, who married Ahimaaz (1 Kgs. 4:15); (23) Bathsheba
the mother of King Solomon, who is called Bathshua the daughter of
Ammiel in 1 Ch. 3: 5; (24) Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh who mar-
ried Mered (1 Ch. 4: 18); (25) Dinah; (26) Delilah; (27) Ephrath,
third wife of Caleb son of Hezron (2 Ch. 2: 19); (28) Ephrath wife of
Caleb (1 Ch. 2: 19); (29) Esther (Hadassah); (30) Eve; (31) Gomer
(Hos. 1:3); (32) Hagar; (33) Hagith wife of David and mother of
Adonijah (2 Sam. 3:4; etc.); (34) Hammolecheth (1 Ch. 7:18); (35)
Hanutal (also called Hanital) the wife of King Josiah and the mother
of Kings Jehoahaz and Zedekiah (2 Kgs. 23; 24; Jer. 52); (36)
Hannah; (37) Hephzibah the mother of King Manasseh (2 Kgs.
21:1); (38) Hazlelponi their sister (1 Ch. 4:3); (39) Helah (1 Ch.4:5,
Introductian
xvii
7); (40) Hodesh (1 Ch. 8:9); (41) Hoglah, one of the five daughters
of Zelophehad (Num. 26; 27; 36; Josh. 17); (42) Huldah; (43)
Hushim [see above under Baara]; (44) Iscah daughter of Haran and
niece of Abram (Gen. 11 :29) (45) Jael; (46) Jehoaddan of Jerusalem,
the mother of King Amaziah son of Joash (2 Kgs. 14:2; 2 Ch. 25:1);
(47) Jecoliah of Jerusalem, the mother of King Azariah (2 Kgs. 15:2;
2 Ch. 26:3); (48) Jehosheba daughter of Joram and the wife of
Jehoiada the priest (2 Kgs. 11 :2) [she is called Jehoshabath .in 2 eh.
22:1]; (49) Jemimah daughter of Job Uob. 42:14); (50) Jenoth, the
second wife of Caleb son of Hebron (1 Ch. 2:18); (51) Jochebed;
(52) Jerusha, the mother of King Jotharn (2 Kgs. 15:33; 2 eh. 27:1);
(53) Jezebel; (54) Judith, the Hittite wife of Esau (Gen. 26:34); (55)
Keturah; (56) Kessiah daughter of Job Uob. 42:14); (57) Leah; (58)
Lo-Ruhamah, daughter of Hosea and Gomer (Hos. 1 :6, 8); "(59)
Maacah I, the concubine of Caleb (1 Ch. 2; 7; 8); (60) Maacah ll, the
wife of David and mother of Absalom (2 Sam. 3:3; 1 eh. 3:2); (61)
Maacah III, the daughter of Absalom (1 Kgs. 15; 2 Ch. 11);. (62)
Mahalath the wife of Esau (Gen. 28:9); (63) Mahalath the wlfe of
King Rehoboam (2 Ch. 11 :18); (64) Mahlah I, one of the five daugh-
ters of Zelophehad [see above under Hoglah]; (65) Mahlah II the
daughter of Hammolecheth (1 Ch. 7:18); (66) Matred, the mother-
in-Iaw of Hadar [also called Hadad] King of Edom (Gen. 36:39; 1
" Ch. 1:50); (67) Mehetabel the daughter of Matred the daughter of
Me-zahab (Gen. 36:39); (68) Merab (1 Sam. 14; 18); (69) Me-zahab
(Gen. 36:39; 1 Ch. 1 :50); (70) Meshulemeth wife of King Manasseh
and mother of King Amnon (2 Kgs. 21:19); (71) Micaiah mother of
King Abijah (2 Ch. 13 :2); (72) Michal daughter of Saul and wife of
David; (72) Milcah daughter of Nahor (Gen. 11; 22; 24); (73)
Milcah one of the five daughters of Zelophehad [see above under
Hoglah]; (74) Miriam; (75) Naamah I, the sister of Tubal-cain (Gen.
4:22); (76) Naamah II, the mother of King Rehoboam (1 Kgs. 14:21;
2 Ch. 12:13); (77) Naarah, one of the two wives of Ashhur [see
above under Helah] (1 Ch. 4:5-6); (78) Naomi; (79) the
wife of King Jehoiachin (2 Kgs. 24:8); (80) Noah, one of the five
daughters of Zelophehad [see above under Hoglah]; (81) Noadiah,
the last named prophetess in Hebrew Scripture Neh. 6:14; (82)
Ohalibamah the wife of Esau (Gen. 36); (83) Puah; (84) Rachel; (85)
Rahab; (86) Rebecca; (87) Reumah the concubine of Nahor (Gen.
22:24); (88) Rizpah (2 Sam. 3; 21); (89) Ruth; (90) Sarai/Sarah; (91)
Serah daughter of Asher (Gen. 46; Num. 26; 1 Ch. 7:30); (92)
Sheerah daughter of Ephraim (1 Ch. 7:24); (93) Shimeath, mother of
one of the murderers of Joash (2 Kgs. 12:22; 2 Ch. 24:26); (94)
Shimrith mother of one of the murderers of Joash (2 Ch. 24:26);
(95) (96) Shlomith I (Lev. 24: 11); (97) Shlomith II (1 Ch.
3:19); (98) Tamar I (Gen. 8); (99) Tamar II (2 Sam. 13); (100)
xviii Wornen in the Biblical World
Taphath daughter of Solo mon who married Ben-abinadab (1 Kgs.
4: 11); (101) Timnah I, the sister of Lotan (Gen. 36, 12, 22); (102)
Timnah II, the concubine of Eliphaz (1 Ch. 1 :39); (103) Tirzah, one
of the five daughters of Zelophehad [see above under Hoglah]; (104)
Vashti; (105) Zeresh; (106) Zeruah the mother of Jeroboam (2 Kgs.
11 :26); (107) Zeruiah, the sister of King David and the rnother of
Joab, Abishai, and Asahel (108) Zibiah of Beersheba, the mother of
King Jehoash (1 Kgs. 12:2; 2 eh. 24:1); (109) Zillah, one of the two
wives of Lamech [see above under Adah]; (110) Zilpah; (111)
Zipporah.
Concerning women in ancient Egypt and ancient Mesopotarnia
readers are urged first and foremost to consult the entries "Wornen"
in the Lexikon der Aegyptologie (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1975-)
and the Reallexikon der Assyriologie (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter,
1928-) respectively and the several entries concerriing "Private Life"
in Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, ed. J ack M. Sasson (New
York: Scribners,forthcoming). Such reference works in biblical and
ancient Near Eastern studies should also be consulted for information
and bibliography concerning topics such as prophetess and prostitute.
Readers are likewise urged to exarnine the books listed below
under General Works and the anthologies cornpiled respectively by
Durand, Grirnal, and Lesko, which are listed under Ancient Near East
and the various books and anthologies of feminist biblical scholarship
listed below under Hebrew Scripture-Books.
Scholarly literature up to 1975 in the entire field of cuneiforrn
studies, can easily be located with the help of Rykle Borger, Hand-
buch der Keilschriftliteratur (3 vols.; Berlin and New York: Walter de
Gruyter, 1967-1975). The latter work includes indices to references
to named monarchs and deities in both the cuneiforrn texts and the
secondary literature.
The present Guide contains in addition to the Preface, Introduc-
tion, and indices eighteen divisions. The first division, "General
Works on Women in Antiquity" lists books puhlished between 1779
and the present era, which are valuable for three reasons: (1) They
demonstrate that the study of the history of women in antiquity is
most assuredly not a passing fad of the last quarter of the twentieth
century; (2) they dernonstrate that the use of data recovered frorn
the ancient Near East for the understanding of the roles of wornen in
human history goes back to the very beginnings of archaeological
research in the Near East in the Napoleonic era; (3) they provide
extrernely useful information concerning insights into and approaches
to the study of wornen in both the ible and the civilizations of
ancient Israel's neighbors.
Tbe second division, "Wornen in the Ancient Near East: Books,
Articles, and Dissertations," lists (1) anthologies, which contain se rn-
Introduction
XIX
inal studies on women in a variety of ancient cultures in the lands of
the Bible. The most important of these are the books edited by
Durand, Grimal, and Lesko; (2) books and articles, which attempt to
deal with wornen or aspects of the life and experiences of wornen in
the ancient Near East as a whole; (3) books and articles, which deal
with the life of women in areas of the ancient Near East, for which
there is no separate division arnong the eighteen divisions oi the
present Guide.
The third division of this Guide, "Women in the Art and Ar-
chaeology of the Ancient Near East: Books, Articles, and Disserta-
tions, " lists materials which discuss archaeological finds frorn the land
of Israel as weIl as frorn the other lands of the ancient Near East
which a) shed light on wornen or womanhood in the biblical world;
and b) cannot be related to specific non-Israe1ite cultures of the an-
. -dent Near East.
By including in the fourth division of this Guide, "Women and
Womanhood in Hebrew Scripture-Books," anthologies as weIl as
issues of periodicals, which contain three or more articles referring to
wornen in Hebrew Scri pture it was possible to avoid listing any col-
lective work concerned significantly with the subjects of women in
ancient Israel or feminist interpretation of Hebrew Scripture more
than once. With respect to a number of works, whose connection
with these subjects may be less than obvious frorn their titles, I have
cited the specific relevant subjects touched upon in these books.
Division 5, "Women and Wornanhood in Hebrew Scripture-
Artic1es," lists articles found in both periodicals and collective'vol-
umes. This section lists articles that deal in some significant way with
a) wornen or womanhood in Hebrew Scripture; b) ferninist interpre-
tation of Hebrew Scripture; c) the history of feminist interpretation
of; or d) the critique of feminist interpretation of Hebrew Scripture.
Readers will note the following: a) a few subjects such as the identity
of the virgin or young woman mentioned in Isaiah 7 are discussed
during every era from antiquity to the present; b) a few subjects such
as Huldah the prophetess and women in the Israelite cult are dis-
cussed both in the 1890s and the latter part of the twentieth century;
and c) a few subjects, such as feminine similes applied to God in
Isaiah 4-66, are the subject of quite a number of studies during the
1980s.
Division 6 lists as yet unpublished masters essays and doctoral
dissertations dealing with women or aspects of the life and
experience of wornen in Hebrew Scripture. I highly recommend the
perusal of masters theses and doctoral dissertations on women in
Hebrew Scripture for two reasons. The first is the wealth of
bibliography contained in many of these. The second is the frequency
with which published scholars who are careful to quote everything
xx Women in the Biblical World
published are found to have, as it were, labored in vain to corne up
with a new idea, which was already presented in an unpublished
thesis or dissertation. '
Divisions 7-17 of this Guide (see Contents) deal variously with
books, articles in periodicals and collective volurnes, and
dissertations, which touch upon a) specific narned wornen in specific
cultures of the ancient Near East; b) the 'role or roles of wornen' in
specific cultures of the ancient Near East. .
Division 18 is a cornprehensive bibliography of studies c:oncerning
Asherah prepared by Prof. Steve A. Wiggins as a by-product of the re-
search leading to his book, A Reassess'ment of Asherah, AOAT 235
(Kevelaer: Butzon & BerckerlNeukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Ver-
lag, 1993). Asherah, it should be noted, is sometirnes a cult object but
often a goddess, or possibly, for sorne ancient Israelites the fern ale
consort of God. Unquestionably, interest in this deity was aroused by
the discovery of references to her in a nurnber of ancient Israelite in-
scriptions. There should, however, be no doubt that it was the corn-
bination' of two factors, (a) the discovery of these inscriptions du ring
the 1970s precisely when interest in. wornan in the biblical world
increased tremendously; and (b) that drarnatic interest in our subject,
wh ich account for the phenornenal nurnber of scholarly books and
articles dealing with A/asherah.
NOTES
1. For the more well-known personalities, who are likely to be discussed
at length in the encyclopedia articles, commentaries, and in books or
articles cited in Divisions 4 and 5 of this Guide I have provided no
biblical references.
2. According to 1 Ch. 2:16-17 this is the same Abigail, who is described
as the mother of ]oab and Amasa in 2 Sam. 17:25.
AMS
ADOG
AF
AfO
AJA
AJSL
AOAT
AoF
ARCE
ARM
ArGr
ASAE
ASAW
AuOr
AUSS
BA
BAR
BASOR
BES
BIFAO
BJRL
BM
BMFA
BN
BO
BSFE
BTB
BZ
BZAW
CBQ
CCAR
CdE
CRAIBL
CT
CTA
DBAT
DD
EI
ABBREVIATIONS
Annales Archeologiques Arabes Syriennes
Abhandlungen der Deutschen Orient,.Gesellschaft
Aegyptologische Forschungen
Archiv fr Orientforschung
American Journal of Archaeology
American Journal of Semitic Languages & Literatures
Alter Orient und Altes Testament
Altorientalische Forschungen
American Research Center in Egypt
Archives royales de Mari
Archiv Orientalni
Annales du Service des AntiquiUs de rEgypte
Abhandlungen der Schsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Aula Orientalis
Andrews University Seminary' Studies
Biblical Archaeologist
Biblical ArchaeologyReview
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar
Bulletin de l'Institut d'Archeologie Orientale
Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
Beth Mikra
Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts
Biblische Notizen
Bibliotheca Orientalis
Bulletin de la Societe d'Egyptologie
Biblical Theology Bulletin
Biblische Zeitschrift
Beihefte zur ZA W
Catholic Biblical Quarterly
Central Conference of American Rabbis
Chronique d'Egypte
Comptes rendus de I'Academie des inscriptions et belles-lettres
Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British
Museum
Andn!e Herdner, Corpus des tablettes en cuneiformes
alphabetiques decouvertes a Ras Shamra-Ugarit de 1929 a 1939
Dielheimer Bltter zum Alten Testament
DDr le Dor, the Jewish Bible Quarterly
Eretz Israel
XXl
XXIl
EstBib
ETL
EVKomm
GM
RAR
HSM
HSS
HTR
HUCA
IEJ
IFAO
IMJ
JAAR
JANES
JAOS
JARCE
JBL
JBQ
JCS
JEA
JEOL
JFSR
JESHO
JJS
JIA
fNES
JNSL
JQR
JRAS
JSJ
JSOT
JSS
JSSEA
[TS
K7U
KUB
MARI
MDAIK
MDB
MIFAO
MIO
MMJ
Wamen in the Biblical Warld
Estudios biblicos
Ephemerides theologicae Lovanienses
Evangelische Kommentare
Gttinger Miszellen
Hebrew Annual Review
Harvard Semitic Monographs
Harvard Semitic Series
Harvard Theological Review
Hebrew Union College Annual
Israel Exploration Journal
Institut d' Archeologie Orientale
Israel Museum Journal
Journal of the American Academy of Religion
Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society
Journal of the American Oriental Society
Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt
Journal of Biblical Literature
Jewish Bible Quarterly
Journal of Cuneiform Studies
Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatsisch-Egyptisch Genootschap, "Ex
Griente Lux" .
Journal ofFeminist Studies in Religion
Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
Journalof Jewish Studies
Jewish Law Annual
Journal ofNear Eastern Studies
Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages
J ewish Quarterly Review
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
Journal for the Study of Judaism
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament
Journal of Semitic Studies
Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities
Journal ofTheological Studies
M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, and J. Samartin, eds., Die
keilalphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit
Keilschrifturkundell aus Boghazki
Mari, Annales de Recherehes Interdisciplinaires
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archologischen Instituts
Abteilungen Kairo
Le Monde de la Bible
Memoires de /'Institut d'Archeologie Orientale
Mitteilungen des Instituts fr Orientforschung
Metropolitan Museum Journal
Abbreviatians
xxiii
MSL
n.f.
n.s.
OBO
OBT
012
OrAnt
o.s.
OTS
PEQ
RA
RB
RdE
REJ
-- -RHD--
RHR
RlDA
RivB
RSF
RSO
RSR
RT
SAoe
SAK
SASAE
SBAl?
SBL
SEL
SR
SITh
SWBAS
TBT
TGUOS
TS
12
UF
USQR
VI'
VTS
WJT
WO
WZKM
ZA
ZAS
Materialien zum sumerischen Lexikon
neue folge
llew series
Orbis biblicus et orientalis
Overtures to Biblical Theology
Orientalistische Literaturzeitung
Oriens Antiquus
old series
Old Testament Studies
Palestine Exploratin Quarterly
Revue d'Assyriologie
Revue Biblique
Revue d'Egyptologie
Revue des etudes juives
-Revue historique de et etranger
Revue de I'Histoire des Religions
Revue Internationale des Droits de l'Antiquite
Rivista Biblica
Rivista di Studi Fenici
Rivista degli studi orientali
Recherehes de science religieuse/ Religious Studies Review
Recueil de travaux relatifs a la philologie et a l'archeologie
egyptiennes et assyriennes
Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations
Studien zur Altgyptischen Kultur ,
Supplements aux Annales du service des Antiquites de l'Egypte
Proceedings ofthe Society of Bib/ical Archaeology
Society of Biblical Literature
Studi Epigra(ici e Linguistici
Sciences Religieuses
Studia Theologica
Social World of Biblical Antiquity Series
The Bible Today
Transactions of the Glasgow University Oriental Society
Theological Studies
Theologische Zeitschrift
Ugarit-Forschungen
Union Theological Seminary Quarterly Review
Vetus Testamentum
Vestus Testamentum Supplements
Westminster Journal ofTheology
Die Welt des Orients
Wien er Zeitschrift fr die Kunde des Morgenlandes
Zeitschrift fr Assyriologie
Zeitschrfit fr Aegyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde
xxiv
Z4W
ZDPV
ZEE
Zeitschrift fr die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
Zeitschrift des deutschen Palstina-Vereins
Zeitschrift fr Evangelische Ethik 1. CENERAL WORKS ON WOMEN IN ANTIQUITY
1. Adelman, ]oseph. Famous Women: An Outline of Feminine
Achievement Tbroughout the Ages with Life Stories of Five
HundredNotedWomen. NewYork: Pictorial Review, 1926.
2. Alexander, William, M. D. of Edinburgh. The History ofWo-
men {rom the Earliest Antiquity; Giving Some Account of Al-
most Every Interesting Particular Concerning That Sex among
All Nations Ancient and Modern. 2 vols. London: n.p., 1779;
3d ed.; 2 vols. London: n.p., 1782 Vol. 1, p. A oi "Advertise-
ment" reads as follows: "W ork was composed solely for the
amusement and instruction of the Fair Sex; in order to
render it the more intelligible, we have studied the utmost
plainness and simplicity of Ianguage; have totally excluded
alm ost every word that is not English, and even, as much as
possible, avoided every technical term."
3. Bachofen, ] ohann ] acob. Das Mutterrecht: Eine Untersuchung
ber die Gynaikokratie der alten. Welt nach ihrer religiosen
Natu:r. Stuttgart: Krais & Hoffmann, 1861. The thesis: that
matriarchy preceded patriarchy; Semiramis; Egypt (pp. 92-
193).
4. Backer, Louis deo Le Droit de la Femme dans fAntiquite: Son
Devoir au Moyen Age. Paris: Claudin, 1880.
5. Ballow, Patricia K. Wornen: A Bibliography o{ Bibliographies.
Boston: G. K. Hall, 1986.
6. Bardeehe, Maurice. Histoire des Fernrnes. Paris: Stock, 1968.
7. Basserman, Lujo. The Oldest Profession: A History of Prostitu-
tion. Translated by ]ames Cleugh. New York: Stein & Day,
1968.
8. Beard, Mary R. Wornan as Force in History: A Study in Tradi-
tions and Realities. New York: Macmillan, 1946.
9. -. On Understanding Wornen. New York: Greenwood, 1968.
1
2 Women in the Biblical World
10. Beauvoir, Simone deo The Second Sex. Translated by H. M.
Parshley. New York: Bantam, 1970.
11. Betty, R. Who's Who in the Ancient World. Harmondsworth:
Penguin Books, 1973.
12. Beyer, Johanna, et al. Frauenhandlexikon. Munich: C. H. Beck,
1983.
13. Birt, Theodor. Frauen der Antike. Leipzig: Quelle & Meyer,
1932.
14. Bridenthal, Renata; Koonz, Claudia; and Stuart, Susan M., eds.
Becoming Visible: Women in European History. Boston:
.. Houghton Mifflin,-1987;
15. Briffault, Robert. The Mothers: A Study of the Origins of Senti-
ments and Institutions. 3 vois. New York: Macmillan, 1927.
16. Bullough, Vern L. The History ofProstitution. New Hyde Park,
New York: University Books, 1964.
17. Bullough, Vern L., and Bullough, Bonnie. The Subordinate Sex:
A History of Attitudes toward Women. Urbana: University of
Illinois Press, 1973.
18. Davis, Elizabeth Gould. The First Sex. New York: G. P.
Putnam's Sons, 1971.
19. de Koven, Anna. Warnen in the Cycles of Culture: A Study of
'Women Power" Through the Centuries. New York: G. P.
Putnam, 1941.
20. D'Oriega, Guy. Histoire et Geographie de la femme. Paris: Edi-
tions du Scorpion, 1958.
21. Duche, Jean. Le premier sexe. Paris: Editions Robert Leffont,
1972.
22. Dupouy, Edmond. La Prostitution dans I'Antiquite: Etude
d'Hygiene Sodale. Paris: Librairie Meuvillon, 1887.
23. Foucault, M. Histoire de la sexualite. Paris: Gallinard, 1984.
24. HaIe, Sara ]osepha. Women's Record; or, Sketches of All Distin-
General Works on Women in Antiquity
3
guished Women, from the Creation to A.D. 1854. 2 vols.
New York: Source Book Press, 1970; reprint of the 1855
edition.
25. Heiler, Fricdrich. Die Frau in der Religion des Menschheit. Ber-
lin: Walter de Gruyter, 1977. "
26. Henry, Sondra, and Taitz, Emily. Written Out of History. New
York: Bloch, 1978.
27. Heywood, Thomas. Nine Books ofVarious History Concerning
Women. London: n.p., 1624; reissued 1657 as The General
History ofWomen.
-28. - Hoch-Smith, Judith,-and Spring, Anita. Women in Ritual and--
Symbolic Roles. New York & London: Plenum Press, 1978.
29. Ireland, Norma. Index to Women of the World from Ancient to
Modern Times. Westwood, Mass.: Faxon, 1970.
30. Jacobson, Anitd. Marriage and Money. Lund: Berlingski Bok-
truckeriet, 19"'67.
31. King, William C., comp. Woman: Her Position, Influence, and
Achievetnent Throughout the Civilized World: Her Biography,
Her History, from the Garden of Eden to the Twentieth Cen-
tury. Mass.: King-Richardson, 1902.
32. Lacroix, Paul. History of Prostitution amongAll the Peoples of
the World, from the Most Remote Antiquity to the Present
Day. Translated by Smaule Putnam. 3 vols. Chicago: Pascal
Corici, 1926.
33. Larigdon-Davies, John. A Short History ofWomen. New York:
Viking Press, 1927. Chapter 3: Asia and Egypt
34. Leipoldt, Johannes. Die Frau in der antiken Welt und im Ur-
christentum. Gtersloh: Gtersloher Verlagshaus, 1953.
Egypt, Israel
35. Letourneau, Charles.La Condition de la femme dans les diverses
races et civilisations. Paris: V. Girad & E. Briere, 1903.
36. Levy, Edmond, ed. La femme dans les societes antiques. Stras-
bourg: AECR, 1983.
37. Lissner, Anneliese, et al., eds. Frauenlexikon. Freiburg: Herder,
1988.
38. Mair, Lucy Philip. Marriage. 2d ed. London: Scolar, 1977.
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51. Winter, Alice Ames. The Heritage ofWomen. New York: Min-
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115. Silver, Morris. Economic Structures of the Ancient Near East.
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122. AI-Gailani-Werr, Lamia, and al-Jadir, Walid. "Seal Impressions
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123. AI-Gailani-Werr, Lamia, with the assistance of Shakir, Burhan,
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124. Albenda, Pauline. "Western Asiatic Women in the Iron Age:
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125. Amiran, Ruth. "Reflections on the Deity at the EB 11 and EB
III Temples at Ai." BASOR, no. 208 (1972), 9-13 + 2 fig.
the goddess Bilulu.
126. Amiran, Ruth, and Tadmor, Miriam. "A Female Cult Statuette
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127. 'Amr, Abdel-Jalil. "A Nude Female Statue with Astral Em-
blems." PEQ 117 (1985),104-111.
128. -. "Four Unique Double-Faced Female Heads from the Am-
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129. -. "Ten Human Clay Figurines from Jerusalem." Levant 20
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130. Arensburger, B., and Rak, Y. "Jewish Skeletal Remains from
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131. Avigad, N. "The Seal of Jezebel." IE] 14 (1964), 274-276.
132. _. "Two Ammonite Seals Depicting the Dea Nutrix." BASOR,
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133. -. "The King's Daughter and the Lyre." IE] 28 (1978), 146-
151. The seal of Ma 'adonah the king's daughter.
12
Women in Art and Architecture of the ANE 13
134. -. "Some Decorated West Semitic Seals." IE] 35 (1985), 1-7.
6th cent. B.C.E. seal Pbyl)y bt 'zy'
135. -. "Two Seals of Women and Other Hebrew Seals." EI 20
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136. Barnett, R. D. "'Anath, Ba'al andPasargadae." Melanges de
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137. -. "The Earliest Representation of Anath." EI 14(1978), 28-
31.
138. -. "A Winged Goddess of Wine on an Electrum Plaque."
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139. Barrelet, Marie-Thert!se. "Un inventaire de Kar-TukuIti-Ninur-
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140. Beck, Perahya. "A Head of a Goddess from Qitmit." Qadmo-
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141. Ben-Arie, Sarah. "A Clay Mold of a Goddess." Qadmoniyot 16
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142. -. "A Mould for a Goddess Plaque." IE] 33 (1983), 72-77.
143. Ben-Tor, A. "Cylinder Seals of the Early Bronze Age in Eretz-
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144. Bertman, Stephen. "Tassied Garments in the Ancient East
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145. Blakely, J. A., and Hurton, F. L. "South Palestinian 'Bes' Ves-
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146. Brun, "Deux statuettes qatabanites.?' Semitica 35
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147. Brunner-Traut, Emma. "Gravidenflasche. Das Salben des Mut-
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148. -. "Das Muttermilchkrglein Ammen mit Stillumhang und
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149. Clamer, Christa. "A Gold Plaque from Tel Lachish." Tel Aviv
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150. Collun, D. First Impressions: Cylinder Seals in the Ancient
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151. Contenau, G. Manuel d'archeologie orientale. 3 vols. Paris:
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152. Crocker, P. T. "An Assyrian Royal Tornb." Buried History 25
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153. Crsemann, F. "Ein israelitisches Ritualbad aus vorexilischer
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154. Cul.Hc.an, W. "Dea Tyra Gravida." Australian Journal of
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155. Danmanville, J. "Iconographie d'lStar-Sausga en Anatolie an-
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156. Davis, D., and Kloner, A. "A Burial Cave of the Late Israelite
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157. Dessei, J. P. "An Iron Age Figurine from Tel Halif." BASOR,
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158. Dothan, Trude. "A Female Mourner Figurine from the Lachish
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159. -. "Another Mourning-Woman Figurine from the Lachish
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160. Fink,el, D. J. "The Dynamics of Middle Eastern Skeletal Popu-
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161. Fuhr, I. Ein altorientalisches Symbol. Wiesbaden: Harrasso-
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162. Gitin, S., and Dever, W. G. Recent Excavations in Israel. Stud-
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163. Giveon, Raphael. "Remarks on the Tel Qarnayim Goddess."
BN 33 (1986), 7-9.
164. Grg, Manfred. "Die Knigstochter und die Leier." BN 14
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165. -. "'Mein Schiff is YHWH.' Zur Dekoration eines heb,ris-
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166. Gubel, Eric, and Bordreuil, Pierre. "Statuette fragmentaire
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167: . Haines; RiChard C.- "A Report of the Excavations at Nippur--
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170. Hillers, D. H. "The Goddess with the Tambourine."
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171. Jack, J. W. "Nedabiah in the Lachish Letters." Expository
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172. James, E. O. The Cult of the Mother Goddess: An Archaeo-
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173. "AJerusalem Celebration ofTemple and Bamot." BAR 3, no. 3
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174. Kaplan, J. "Archaeological Survey on the Left Bank of the Yar-
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175. Keel, Othmar. "The Peculiar Headrests for the Dead in First
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176. Khne, H. "Bemerkungen zu einigen Glasreliefs des 2. Jahr-
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177. Lawton, Robert. "Israelite Personal Names on Pre-Exilic He-
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178. Lipinski, Edward. "The Syro-Palestinian Iconography of
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179. Matousova-Rajmova, Maria. "Some Cylinder Seals from
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180. Matthiae, M. Paolo. "Nouvelles Fouilles a Ebla en 1987-
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181. Mazar, A. "Cylinder Seals of the Middle and Late Bronze Ages
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182. -. "Clay Plaques Depicting a Goddess Standing in a Sanctuary
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183. Mellaart, James. "Excavations at <;atal Hyk, 1962." Anato-
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184. Moscati, S. Historical Art in the Ancient Near East. Rome:
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185. Naar, Karl J. "Mutterrechtliche Zge im Neolitikum (Zum
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186. Perrot, Jean. "La 'Venus' de Beersheva." El9 (1969), ioO-
101.
187. Podella, Thomas. "Ein mediterraner Trauerritus." UF 18
(1986), 26-69. Four terra cotta figurines of barebreasted wo-
men bewailing the dead.
188. Pritchard, J. B. Palestinian Figurines in Relation to Certain
Goddesses Known Through Literature. American Oriental Se-
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189. -. The Ancient Near East in Pictures Related to the Old Testa-
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190. Rashid, Fawzi. "Burying Daughters Alive and the Polygamy
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191. Schlossman, Betty L. "Portraiture in Mesopotamia in the Late
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192. Schmitz, Bettina, and Steffgen, U., eds. War sie nur schn? Die
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193. Seger, Joe D. "Refleetions on the Gold Hoard from Gezer."
BASOR, no. 221 (1976), 133-140.
194. Shanks, Hershel. "Ancient Ivory-The Story of Wealth, Deca-
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Chalcolithic female figures from Sefadi.
195. Spyckett, A. La Statuaire du Proche-Orient ancien. Leidet:t: E.
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196. Stager, L. "The Archaeology of the Family in Ancient Israel."
BASOR, no. 260 (1985), 1-36.
197. Stern, Ephraim. "Two Phoenician Glass Seals from Tel Dor."
JANES 16-17 (1984/85),213-216. Sun emblem of Astarte
198. Tadmor, Miriam. "Female Relief Figurines during the Late
Bronze Age in Canaan." EI 15 (1981), 79-84 (in Hebrew).
199. -. "Female Cult Figurines in Late Canaan and Early Israel:
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200. Taha, Munir Yousif. "Sumerian Statues from Tell Ma'tuq."
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201. Taylor, J. GIen. "The Two Earliest Known Representations oI
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202. Toueir, Kassem. "The Syrian Archaeological Expedition to
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goddess figurines
203. Vandier, Jaeques. "Une bronze de la deesse Ouadjet a
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204. Weiss, Harvey. "From Ebla to Damaseus: Art and Arehaeology
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205. Williams, Ellen Reeder, and Heim, Suzanne. "Ebla to Damas-
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. 206. Winter, Irene J. "On the Problems of Karatepe: The Reliefs
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Women in art.
207. Yakar, Jak. "The Twin Shrines of Beyeesultan." Anatolian
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208. Zivie, Alain-Pierre. "Portrait de femme: Une tete en bois
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179-195 + pI. 7-11.
4. WOMEN AND WOMANHOOD IN HEBREW SCRIPTURE:
BOOKS
209. Aehetemeier, Elizabeth. The Committed Mamage: Biblical Per-
spectives on Current Issues. Philadelphia: Westminster Press,
1976.
210. Aehtemeier, Paul J. The Bible, Theology, and Feminist Ap-
proaches = Interpretation, vol. 42, no. 1 (January 1988).
--211. Adams,Charles. Women o{ the Bible. New York: Lane and_
Seott, 1851.
212. Adams, Queenie M. Neither Male nor Female: A Study of the
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215. Aguilar, Graee. The Wornen of Israel, or, Characters and
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216. Alexander, George M. Handbook of Biblical Persona lities.
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217. Alter, Robert. The Art of Biblical Narrative. New York: Basie
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218. Amram, D. W. The ]ewish Law of Divorce According to Bible
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219. Arnold, Patriek M. Gibeah: The Search for a Biblical City.
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220. Aschkenasy, Nehama. Eve's Journey. Philadelphia: University
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222. Auffret, Pierre. La sagesse abati sa maison. Fribourg: Editions
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226. Bakan, David. And They Took Themselves Wives. New York:
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227. BaI, Mieke. Femmes imaginaires: L'ancien testament au risque
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229. -. Death and Dissymetry: The Politics of Coherence in the
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230. -. Murder and Difference: Gender, Genre, and Scholarship on
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273. Calvocoressi, Peter. Who's Who in the Bible. London: Viking,
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294. Cross, Frank Moore, Jr. Canaanite Myth and Hebrew "Epic:
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296. Crseman, F., and Thyen, H., eds. Als Mann und Frau ge-
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299. Danker, Albert. Heroines of Olden Times. New York: Chapple
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315. Eberharter, A. Das Ehe- und Familienrecht der Hebrer mit
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332. Fiorenza, Elizabeth Schssler. In Memory of Her. New York:
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31
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400. Jabling, David. The Sense of Biblical Narrative: Structural
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428. Leggett, D. A. The Levirate and Goel Institutions in the Old
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449. Marcus, David. Jephthah and His Vow. Lubbock, Texas: Texas
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450. MarshalI, Zona Bays. Certain Women. New York: Exposition
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451. Martyn, Sarah Towne. Women ofthe Bible. New York: Ameri-
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464. Mller, Hans-Peter. Vergleich und Metaphor im Hohenlied.
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466. Musgrave, Peggy. Who's Who among Bible Women. Spring-
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467. Neal, Hazel G. Bible Women of Faith. Anderson, Indiana:
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472. Niditch, Susan. Underdogs and Tricksters. New Voices in Bibli-
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500. Pobee, John S., and Wartenberg-Potter, Barbel von., eds. New
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ARTICLES
626. Abel, F.-M. "L'anatheme de Jericho et la maison de Rahab."
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Eden." DD 10 (1982) 3-9; 187-190; 234-242.
628. -. "Hosea's True Marriage." DD 15 (1986/87), 79-83
629. Abrams, Judith Zabarenko. "Rachel: A Woman Who Would
Be a Mother." jBQ 18 (1989-90),213-221.
630. Abramsky, S. "The Woman Who Looked Out the Window."
BM 25 (1980), 114-124 (in Hebrew).
631. Abschlag, W. "Jungfrau oder Junge Frau." Anzeiger fr die
katholische Geistlichkeit 83 (1974),200-285. Isa. 7:14
632. Ackerman, James S. "Prophecy and Warfare in Early Israel: A
Study of the Deborah and Barak Story." BASOR, no. 220
(1975),5-13.
633. -. "Knowing Good and Evil: A Literary Analysis of the Court
History in 2 Samuel 9-20 and 1 Kings 1-2." jBL 109
(1990), 41-60.
634. Ackroyd, Peter A. "The Teraphim." Expository Times 62 (1950/
51), 378-380. He sees them as mother goddesses.
635. -. "The Succession Narrative (so-called)." Interpretation 35
(1981), 383-396.
636. Adinolfi, M. "11 ripudio secundo Mal. 2, 14-16." Bibbia e
Oriente 12 (1970), 247-256.
637. -. "La coppia nel Cantico dei Cantici." Bibbia e Griente 22
(1980), 3-29.
638. Aharoni, R. "Concerning Three Similar Stories in the Book of
50
Women and Womanhood in Hebrew Scripture: Articles 51
Genesis (Gen 12, 20, 26}." BM 24 (1979), 213-223 (in
Hebrew).
639. Aharoni, Y. "Jael the Wife of Heber the Kenite and Shamgar
the son of Anath." In All the Land of Naphtali. The Twenty-
fourth Archae%gical Convention, October 1966, pp. 55-
61. Edited by B. Z. Hirschberg. Jerusalem: Israel Explo-
ration Society, 1967.
640. Ahlstrm, G. W. "I Samuel1, 15." Bib/ica 60 (1979),254.
641. Ahuvyah, A. "And Hannah Prayed." BM 26 (1981), 318-324
(in Hebrew).
--642.----. '''If you are prophets..of theLord ... (Num 12)'-How the __ _
Bible Responds to the Question 'Who Has Heard His Word
and Obeyed?'" BM 26 (1981), 115-128 (in Hebrew).
643. -. "And when pleased they maim oxen." BM 35
227-236 (in Hebrew). Gen. 34; 49:6; Num. 30:2-17
644. Aitken, Kenneth T. "The Wooing of Rebekah." jSOT 30
(1984),3-23.
645. Albertz, Rainer, "Das Ueberleben der Familie sichern."
Lutherische Monatsheft 25 (1986),401-405.
646. Aletti, Jean-Noel. "Proverbs 8, 22-31. Etude de Structure."
Biblica 57 (1976), 25-37.
647. -. "Seduction et Parole en Proverbs I-IX." VT 27 (1977),
129-144.
648. Alexander, T. D. "The Hagar Traditions in Genesis XVI and
XXI." In Studies in the Pentateuch, pp. 131-148. Edited by
J. A. Emerton. VTS, vol. 16. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1990.
649. Allen, C. G. "On me be the curse my son." In Encounter with
the Text, pp. 159-172. Edited by Martin J. Buss. Semeia
Supplements, no. 8. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1979. Rebekah;
Gen. 23-29
650. Alter, Robert. "How Conventions Help Us Read: The Case of
the Bible's Annunciation Type-Scene." Prooftexts 3 (1983),
115-130.
"
I .-:: ':: :, i . "i .'l....
,'I
651. Altpeter, Gerda. "II Sam 12, I-ISa. Eine strukturalistische
Analyse." TZ 38 (1982),46-52.
652. Alvarez Oses, J. A. "La mujer y la serpiente." Caesaraugusta 2
(1964),49-74.
653. Amit, Yairah. "The Story of Amnon and Tamar: Reservoir of
Sympathy for Absalom." Haslfrut 32, no. 9 (1983), 80-87
(in Hebrew).
654. -. "'There was a man ... and his name was ... '-Editorial Var-
iations and Their Tendenz." BM 30 (1984/85), 388-391 (in
Hebrew). Deals with feminist hermeneutics, Hannah, Ma-
noah's wife.
655. -. "Judges 4: Its Contents and Form." JSOT 39 (1987), 89-
111.
656. Amsler, S. "La sagesse de la femme." In La sagesse de rAnden
Testament, pp. 112-116. Edited by M. Gilbert. Louvain:
Genbloux, 1979.
657. Anhar, Moshe. "The History of Composition of the Story of
Rahah and the Spies." BM 29 (1983/84), 255-257 (in
Hebrew).
658. -. "'He gave her as a dowry for his daughter' (1 Kgs. 9:16)."
SHNATON 9 (1985),233 (in Hebrew).
659. Anderlini, Giampaoh. "eIet zenunim (Os. 1, 2}." Bibbia e
Oriente 30 (1988), 169-182.
660. Anderson, A. A. "The Marriage of Ruth." JSS 23 (1978), 171-
183. Contends that Ruth is not about levirate marriage.
661. Anderson, Berhard W. '''The Lord Has Created Something
New'-A Stylistic Study ofJer. 31:15-22." CBQ 40 (1978),
463-478.
662. Anderson, F. "Israeli te Kinship Terminology and Sodal
Structure." Biblical Translator 20 (1970),29-34.
663. Anderson, Gary. "Celibacy or Consummation in the Garden?
Reflections on Early J ewish and Christi an Interpretations of
the Garden of Eden." HTR 82 (1989), 121-148.
Wamen and Womanhood in Hebrew Scripture: Articles 53
664. Anderson, 1. David. "Renaming and Wedding Imagery in Isa
62." Biblica 67 (1986), 75-80.
665. Andreason, Niels-Erik. "The Role of the Queen Mother in
Israelite Society." CBQ 45 (1983), 179-194.
666. Andriolo, K. R. "A Structural Analysis of Genealogy and
World View in the Old Testament." American Anthropolo-
gist 75 (1973), 1657-1669.
667. Apostolos-Cappadona, Diane. "Scriptural Women Who
Danced." In Dance as Religious Studies, pp. 95-108. Edited
by Doug Adams and Diane Apostolos-Cappadona. New
York: Crossroad, 1990.
668. -. "Martha Graham and the Quest for the Feminine in Eve,
Lilith, and Judith." In Dance as Religious Studies, pp. 118-
133. Edited by Doug Adams and Diane Apostolos-Cappa-
dona. New York: Crossroad, 1990.
669. Aptowitzer, V. "La creation de l'homme d'apres les anciens
interpretes." REJ 75 (1922), 1-15.
670. Ararat, Nissan. "Reading According to the 'Seder' in Biblical
Narrative: To Balance the Reading of the Dinah Episode."
Hasifrut 27 (1978), 15-34 (in Hebrew).
671. -. "Deception and Guile in the Stories of Genesis (ct'd)." BM
26 (1981), 137-147 (in Hebrew). Gen. 38; Tamar and
Judith; Esther and Book of Esther
672. -. "The Story of Amnon and Tamar-A Sequential Reading."
BM 28 (1982/83),331-357.
673. Arnold, P. M. "Hosea and the Sin of Gibeah." CBQ 51 (1989),
447-460.
674. Arom, N. "'For Rachel, Your Younger Daughter'-'She Is
Leah'? A 'False' Statement of Identity Reflecting a False
Situation." BM 30 (1984/85), 541-549 (in Hebrew).
675. Arpali, Boaz. "Caution: A Biblical Story." Hasifrut 2 (1970),
580-597 (in Hebrew).
676. Aschkenasy, Nehama. "A Non-Sexist Reading of the Bible."
Mldstream 27, no. 6 (1981),51-55.
677. Aschlirnan, Sylvia Albrecht. "A New Look at Wornen of Old."
1BT 28 (1990), 353-357.
678. Asensio, F. "Tradicion subre un pecado sexual en el paradiso?"
Gregorianum 30 (1949),49-520; 31 (1950), 35-61; 136-
191; 362-390.
679. Asmussen, Jes Peter. "Matriarchalische Remkniszenen im AT?"
Dansk Teologiske Tiddskrift 17 (1954),242-248.
680. Astour, Michael C. "Tamar the Hierodule: An Essay on the
Method of Vestigial Motifs." JBL 85 (1966), 185-196.
681. Augustin, Matthias. "Die Inbesitznahme der schnen Frau aus
der unterschiedlichen Sichtt der Schwachen und-der
Mchtigen." BZ 27 (1983), 145-154.
682. Aviezer, Nathan. "Esther's Plan to Save the Jews: Overall
Strategy, Initial Failure, Ultimate Success." DD 11 (1983),
153-158.
683. Avigad, Nahman. "Oniahu's Ship-A Hebrew Seal Decorated
with a Sailing Ship." Qadmoniyot 16 (1983), 124-125 (in
Hebrew).
684. Bach, Alice. "The Pleasure of Her Text." USQR 43 (1989),
41-58. 1 Sam. 25; David's wives: Abigail, Michal,
Bathsheba
685. Bailey, J. A. "Initiation and the Primal Woman in Gilgamesh
and Genesis 2-3." JBL 89 (1970), 137-150.
686. Bakon, Shimon. "Saul and the Witch of Endor." DD 5 (1976),
16-23.
687. -. "Hosea-His Marriage." DD 15 (1986/87), 88-96.
688. BaI, Mieke. "The Rhetoric of Subjectivity." Poetics Today 5
(1984), 337-376.
689. -. "Sexuality, Sin, and Sorrow: The Emergence of Female
Character." In The Female Body in Western Culture,
pp. 317-338. Edited by Susan Rubin Suleiman. Cambridge:
Harvard University Press, 1986. Also in Poetics Today 6
(1985), 21-42.
Women and Womanhood in Hebrew Scripture: Articles
55
690. Baldensperger, Ph. J. "Woman in the East." Palestine Explo-
ration Fund Quarterly Statement, 1899, pp. 132-160; 1900,
pp. 171-190; 1901, pp. 66-90, 167-184,252-273.
691. Ball, C. J. "Israel and Babyion." SBAP 16 (1893-94), 188-200.
Naamah sister of Tubal-cain (Gen. 4:22)
692. Baltzer, Klaus. "Women and War in Qoheleth 7:23-8:1a."
HTR 80 (1987), 127-132.
693. Balz-Cochois, Helgard. "Gomer oder die Macht der Astarte."
Evangelische Theologie 42 (1982), 37-65.
694. Bar-Asher, Mordechai. "The Gender of. Nouns in Biblical
- Hebrew." Semitics 6 (1978), 1-14. Lists the 106 nounsin-
biblical Hebrew which have both masculine and feminine
forms.
695. Barilqo, H. "One Small Question." BM 30(1984/85), 305-
311 (in Hebrew). Abishag, Bathsheba
696. Barron, Mary Catherine. "Davidic Diminishrnent: Something
to do with Love." TBT 19 (1981),222-227.
697. Barstad, Hans M. "The Old Testament Personal Name rl)b.
An Onomastic Note." Svensk exegetisk rsbok 54 (1989),
43-49.
698. Bartimus, Rdiger. "Tempus als Strukturprinzip. Anmer-
kungen zur stilistischen und theologischen Relevenz des
Tempusgebrauchs im 'Lied der Hanna' (1 Sam. 2, 1-10)."
BZ 31 (1987), 15-35.
699. Barton, George A. "Ashtoreth and Her Influence in the Old
Testament." JBL 10 (1891), 73-91.
700. Baskin, Judith R. "Rabbinic Reflections on the Barren Wife."
HTR 82 (1989), 101-114.
701. Bass, Dorothy C. "Women's Studies and Biblical Studies: An
Historical Perspective." JSOT 22 (1982),6-12.
702. Batten, L.W. "Hosea's Message and Marriage." JL 48 (1929),
257-273.
703. Beattie, D. R. G. "Kethib and Qere in Ruth IV 5." VT 21
(1971),490-494.
704. -. "The Book of Ruth as Evidence for Israelite Legal Prac-
tice." VT 24 (1974), 251-267.
705. -. "A Midrashic Gloss in Ruth 2:7." ZAW 89 (1977), 122-
124.
706. -. "Ruth 111." jSOT 5 (1978),39-48; 49-51.
707. -. "Ruth 2, 7 and Midrash." ZAW 99 (1987),422-423.
708. Becker, Joachim. "Das Elterngebot. " Internationale katholische
Zeitschrift, & Communio' 8 (1979),289-299.
709. Beek, M. A. "Rahab in the Light of Jewish Exegesis." In Von
Kanaan bis Karala. Festschrift fr Prof. Mag. Dr. Dr. j. P. M.
van der Ploeg O. P. zur Vollendung des siebzigsten Lebens-
jahres am 4. juli 1979, pp. 37-44. Edited by W. C. Delsman
et al. AOAT, vol. 211. Kevelaer: Butzon & Bercker, Neu-
kirchenNluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1982.
710. Beeston, A. F. L. "One Flesh." VT 36 (1986), 115-117.
711. Begrich, J. "Atalja, die Tochter Omris." ZAW 53 (1939), 78-
79.
712. Bekkenkamp, Jonneke. "Het Hooglied: een vrouwenlied in
een mannentraditie." In Ik zing mijn lied voor al wie met me
gat, pp. 72-89. Edited by Ria Lemaire. Utrecht: HES, 1986.
713. Belkin, S. "Levirate and agnate marriage in rabbinic and
cognate literature." jQR 60 (1970),275-379.
714. Bellefontaine, Elizabeth. "Deuteronomy 21:18-21: Reviewing
the Case of the Rebellious Son." jSOT 13 (1979), 13-31.
715. -. "Customary Law and Chieftainship: Judicial Aspects of 2
Samuel14.4-21." jSOT 38 (1987),47-72.
716. Ben-Baraq, Zafrira. "The Legal Background to the Restoration
of Michal to David." In Studies in the Historical Books of
the Old Testament, pp. 15-29. Edited by J. A. Emerton.
VTS, vol. 30. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1979.
717. -. "The Story of Meribaal and the System of Land Grants in
Israel." BM 25 (1979), 48-62 (in Hebrew).
718. -. "The Case of the Daughters of Zelophehad in Light of a
New Document from Nuzi." SHNATON 3 (1979), 116-123
(in Hebrew).
719. -, "Inheritance by Daughters in the Ancient Near East." JSS
25 (1980), 22-33. Job's daughters, daughters of Zelophehad
720. -, "Meribaal and the System of Land Grants in Ancient
Israel." Biblica 62 (1981), 73-91. Meribaal, inheritance by
women, daughters of Zelophehad
721. -. "The Status and Rights of the Gebirah." jBL 110 (1991),
23-34.
722. -, "The Daughters of Job Against the Background of
Inheritance Practices in Israel and Mesopotamia. EI 24
(1993),41-48 (in Hebrew). '
723. Ben-Reuven, S. "David-From Abigail to Bathsheba," BM 27
(1981/82),244-245 (in Hebrew).
724. -. '''e/em and calmd in the Bible." BM 28 (1982/83), 320-321
(in Hebrew),
725. Ben-Yasher, M. "Examination of the Pericope Concerning
Rispah daughter of Aya (2 Sam. 21)." BM 11 (1965), 34-41
(in Hebrew).
726. Benjamin, Don C. "Israel's God: Mother and Midwife." BTB
19 (1989), 115-120,
727. -, "The Persistent Widow." TBT 28 (1990), 213-219.
728. Bennett, Anne McGrew, "Overcoming the Biblical and
Traditional Subordination of Wornen." Radical Religion 1
(1971), 26-31.
729. -. "The Woman's Bible: Introduction." In Women and Re-
ligion: 1973. Proceedings, pp. 39-43. Edited by Joan Arnold
Rornero. Tallahassee: American Academy of Religion, 1973.
730. Bennett, Anne McGrew, et al. "The Women's Bible: Review
: I ; ~ ~
, ,1
and Perspectives." In Women and Religion: 1973. Proceed-
ings, pp. 39-78. Edited by Joan Arnold Romero. Talla-
hassee: American Academy of Religion, 1973.
731. Berg, Werner. "Die Identitt der 'jungen Frau' in Jes 7, 14.
16." BN 3 (1980), 7-13.
732. -. "Der Sndenfall Abrahams und Sarahs nach Gen 16, 1-6."
BN 19 (198Z), 7-14. .
733. Bergant, Dianne. "Symbolic Names in Hosea." TBT 20 (1982),
159-160.
734. -. "Women in the Bible." Emmanuel 91 (1985), 153-155,
- 161.
735. -. "Might Job Have Been a Feminist?" TBT 28 (1990), 336-
341.
736. Bergerk, P. R. "Zum Hosea bereit bis hin zu einer Runleib
Brot: Prov 6, 26." ZAW 99 (1987), 98-106.
737. Bergin, Helen; McKinley, Judith; and MitchelI, Sarah. "Sexism
Ancient and Modern: Turning a Male World Upside
Down." Pacifica 3 (1990),157-171.
738. Berlin, Adele. "Grammatical Aspects of Biblical Parallelism."
HUCA 50 (1979), 17-43.
739. -. "Characterization in Biblical Narrative: David's Wives."
jSOT 23 (1982), 69-85.
740. -. "Literary Exegesis of Biblical Narrative: Between Poetics
and Hermeneutics." In Not in Heaven: Coherence and Com-
plexity in Biblical Narrative, pp. 120-128; 239-241. Edited
by Jason P. Rosenblatt and Joseph C. Sitterson, Jr. Indiana
Studies in Biblical Literature. Bloomington & Indianapolis:
Indiana University Press, 1991.
741. Bernstein, Moshe J. "Two Multivalent Readings in the Ruth
Narrative." jSOT 50 (1991), 15-26.
742. Bertman, Stephen. "Symbolic Design in the Book of Ruth."
jBL 84 (1965), 165-168.
59
743. Beuken, W. A. M. "I Sam. 28: The Prophet as 'Hammer of the
. Witches'." jSOT 6 (1978),3-17.
744. -. "No Wise King Without a Wise Wornan (1 Kings III, 16-
28)." OTS 25 (1989), 1-10.
745. Beyede, Stefan. "Feministische Theologie und alttesta-
mentliche Exegese." BN 59 (1991), 7-11.
746. Beylin, Z. "Studies in the Book of Hosea." BM 27 (1981/82),
747. Eiale, David. "The God with Breasts: EI Shaddai in the Bible."
History of Religions 20 (1982),241-256.
748. Biddle, Mark E. "The 'Endangered Ancestress' and the
Blessing for Nations." jBL 109 (1990), 599-611. Concerns
Gen. 12: 10-20;20: 1-18;26:1-11
749. Bigger, Stephen F. "The Family Laws of Leviticus 18 in their
Setting." jBL 98 (1979), 187-203.
750. Bird, Phyllis. "Images of Women in the Old Testament." In
Religion and Sexism, pp. 41-88. Edited by Rosemary Rad-
ford Reuther. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1974.
751. -. ''' ... ,0 ftAI) A,." Deltio Biblikon Meleton, n.s., 1 (1980),
41-59 (in Modern Greek).
752. -. "'Male and Female He Created Them': Gen 1:27b in the
Context of the Priestly Account of Creation." HTR 74
(1981), 129-159.
753. -. "Genesis I-III as a Source for a Contemporary Theology of
Sexuality." Ex Audito 3 (1987),31-44.
754. -. "The Place of Women in the Israelite Cultus." In Ancient
Israelite Religion: Essays in Honor of Frank M. Cross, pp.
397-419. Edited by Paul D. Hanson, Patrick D. Miller, Jr.,
and S. Dean McBride. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987.
755. -. "Translating Sexist Language as a Theological and Cultural
Problem." USQR 42 (1988), 89-95.
756. -. "The Hadot as Heroine; Narrative Art and Sodal Presup-
position in Three Old Testament Texts." Semeia 46 (1989),
119-140.
757. Black, Edith. "Why Women Cannot be Ordained: Biblical Ar-
guments." Homiletic and Pastoral Review 80 (1980), 21-31.
758. Bledstein, Adrien Janis. "The Genesis of Humans: The Garden
of Eden Revisited." Judaism 20 (1977), 187-200.
759. -. "The Trials of Sarah." Judaism 30 (1981),411-417.
760. -. So J was a woman?" Sh'ma 21/407, Feb. 8, 1991, pp. 49-
51. Review of Harold Bloom, The Book ofJ.
761. -. "A Feminist Responds to The Book of J." Lilith 16 (Sum-
mer 1991),28.
762. Blenkinsopp, J. "The Sodal Context of the 'Outsider Woman'
in Proverbs 1-9." Biblica 72 (1991),457-473.
763. Blondheim, S. H., and Blondheim, Menahem. "The Obstetri-
cal Complication of Benjamin's Birth." DD 13 (1984/85),
88-92.
764. Bockei, Pierre. "Les deux rires de Sara: du desespoir a
I'amour." Bible et Terre Sainte 70 (1965), 17-18.
765. -. "L'Egypte et la Bible de Joseph a l'Exode." MDB 41
(Nov.-Dec. 1985), 3.
766. Bohlen, R. "Alttestamentliche Kunstprosa als Zeitkritik."
Trierer Theologische Zeitschrift 87 (1978), 192-202.
767. Bonora, Antonio. "Jefte sacrifica sua figlia vergine (Gdc 11,
29-40)." Parola, Spiritue Vita 12 (1985), 20-30.
768. -. "La via dell' amore in Pr 30, 18-20." RivB 35 (1987), 51-
55.
769. Booij, Th. "Hagar's Words in Gen XVI 13b." VI' 30 (1980),
1-7.
770. Borbone, Pier Giorgio. "Il terzo incomodo. L'interpretazione
del testo masoretivco di Osea 3, 1." Henoch 7 (1985), 151-
160.
771. Boss, J. "The Character of Childbirth According to the Bible."
Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 69 (1962), 508-513.
772. Bossman, David. "Ezra's Marriage Reform: Israel Redefined."
BTB 9 (1979),32-38.
773. -. "Kinship and Religious System in the Prophet Malachi." In
Religious Writings and Religious Systems, vol. 1, pp. 127-
141. Edited by Jacob Neusner et al. Atlanta: Scholars Press,
1989.
774. Bottini, G. Claudio. "Gezabele, una figura drammatica." Terra
Santa 60 (1984),99-103. .
775. Braslavi, Y. "A Bridegroom of Blood (Ex. 4, 26)." BM 8
(1963), 108-115 (in Hebrew).
776. -. "Gen. 30:14ff and Ex. 21:10." BM 9 (1964),79-83 (in
Hebrew).
777. Brateher, R. G. "A Study of Isaiah 7:14." Bible Translator 9
(1958),97-126.
778. Bravmann, M. M. "Concerning the Phrase ' ... and shall
cleave unto his wife' (Gen 2. 24)." Museon 85 (1972), 269-
274.
779. Brennan, J. P. "Virgin and Child in Is 7, 14." TBT 1 (1964),
968-974.
780. Brenner, A. B. "Onan, the levirate marriage and the genealogy
of the Messiah." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic
Association 10 (1962), 701-721.
781. Brenner, Athalya. "Esther Through the Looking Glass" BM 86
(1981),267-278 (in Hebrew).
782. -. "My Beloved is Fair and Ruddy: On the Song of Songs 5:
10-11." BM 89 (1982), 168-173 (in Hebrew).
783. -. "Aromatics and Perfumes in the Song of Songs." JSOT 25
(1983), 75-81.
784. -. "Jezebel." SHNATON 5-6 (1983), 27-39 (in Hebrew).
785. -. "Naomi and Ruth." vr 33 (1983),387-397.
786. -. "Biblical Attitudes Toward Foreign Women and Exogamie
Marriages." BM 30 (1984), 179-185 (in Hebrew).
787. -. "Female Social Behaviour: Two Descriptive Patterns within
'The Birth of the Hero' Paradigm." vr 36 (1986),257-273.
788. -. "Self Denial as a Means for Self Assertion: On the Soda!
Situation of Women in Ancient Israel." Mara: A Journal for
Feminism and Theology 2 (1988), 19-30 (in Hebrew).
789. -. '''Come Back, Come Back the Shulammite' (The Song of
Songs 7.1-10): A Parady of the wasf Genre." In On Humour
-and the Cornic in the Hebrew Bible, pp. 275-293. Edited by----
Y. T. Radday and A. Brenner. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic
Press and Almond Press, 1990.
790. -. "A Triangle and a Rhombus in Narrative Structure: A 'Pro-
posed Integrative Reading of Judges IV and V." VI' 40
(1990), 129-137.
791. -. "Qoheleth 3 .1-9: A Framed Erotic Poem? In H. M.
Gevariahu Memorial Volume, pp. 9-23. Edited by B-Z.
Luria. Jerusalem: The Israel Society of Biblical Research,
1990 (in Hebrew).
792. Bressan, G. "11 Cantico di Anna (I) (1 Sam. 2, 1-10)." ]BL 32
(1951),503-521.
793. Breyfogle, C. "The Religious Status of Woman in the Old
Testament." Biblical World 35 (1910),405-419.
794. -. "The Social Status of Woman in the Old Testament." Bibli-
cal World 35 (1910), 107-116. She explains (p. 107) that
she was motivated to explore this question by "the present
movement of woman for equality."
795. Brichto, Herbert Chanan. "The Case of the Sota and Biblical
Law." HUCA 46 (1975),55-70.
796. Briend, J. "Contexte biblique: Joseph." MDB 41 (Nov.-Dec.
1985), 28-30.
797. Briggs, Belinda "The Bible Estimate of Woman." Methodist
Review 103 (1920), 879-896.
798. Brin, Gershon. "Mother's First Born and Father's First Born in
the Bible." In Ben-Zion Lurie Festschrift, pp. 31-50. Edited
by Y. Avishur et al. Jerusalem: Israel Society for Biblical Re-
search, 1979 (in Hebrew).
799. Broadrib, D. "Thoughts on the Song of Solomon." Abr-
Naharain 3 (1961/62), 11-36.
800. Brock, Sebastian. "Genesis 22: Where Was Sarah?" Expository
Times 96 (1984), 14-17.
801. Brodie, Louis. "The Children and the Prince: The Structure,
Nature and Date of Isaiah 6-12." BTB 9 (1979),27-31.
Leah.-"Gynomorphic Imagery in Exilic Isaiah."-
DD 12 (1983/84), 71-83; also published in South African
Judaica 1 (1984),21-39.
803. Bronznick, Norman M. "More on hlk 'eI." VI' 35 (1985), 98-
99 Am. 2:7; also b' '1 ; Gen. 16:2; 30:3; 38:8; 2 Sam. 16:21
804. Brooks, B. S. "Fertility Cult Functionaries in the Old Testa-
ment." JBL 60 (1941),227-253.
805. Brown, John Pairman. "The Role ofWomen and the Treaty in
the Ancient World." BZ 25 (1981), 1-28.
806. -. "The Mediterranean Seer and Shamanism." ZAW 93
(1981), 399. The neeromaneer at En-Dor (1 Sam. 28)
807. Brueggemann, W. "Of the Same Flesh and Bone." CBQ 32
(1970), 532-542. Concerns Gen. 2.
808. -. "Israel's Social Criticism and Yahweh's Sexuality." JAAR 45
(1977), 349.
809. -. "Will our faith have children? Will our children have
faith?" Word & World 3 (1983),272-283. Gen. 11:30; Isa.
54:1-3; Jer. 31:15
810. Bruin, Elizabeth. "Judaism and Womanhood." Westminster
Review 180 (1913), 125-132.
811. Brunet, Gilbert. "L'hehreu keleh." VT 35 (1985), 485-488.
Deut. 23:19.
64
Wornen in the Biblical World
812. Bruppacher, Hans. "Die Bedeutung des Namens Ruth." 12 22
(1960), 12-18.
813. Bryce, Mary Charles. "Ruth: For a Beginning." TBT 20
(1982), 209-214.
814. Burden, J. J. "'n 'Prostituut' doen reg; die Juda-Tamar-
verhaal." Theologica Evangelica 13 (1980),42-52. Gen. 38
815. Burns, Dan E. "Dream Form in Genesis 2.4b-3.24: Asleep in
the Garden." JSOT 37 (1987),3-14.
816. Burrows, MilIar. "The Complaint of Laban's Daughters."
JAOS 57 (1937), 259-276.
817. -. "The Ancient Oriental Background of Hebrew Levirate
Marriage." BASOR no. 77 (1940), 2-15.
818. -:-. "Levirate Marriage in Israe1." JBL 59 (1940), 23-33.
819. -. "The Marriage of Boaz and Ruth." JBL 59 (1940), 445-
454.
820. Buxenbaum, Yaakov. "Shear-Yashub (On Isaiah 7-8)." BM 33
(1987/88), 35-50 (in Hebrew). Terms for "have sex"; "be
barren"; 1 Sam. 8:3.
821. Cades, J. "La femme dans l' Ancient Testament." RSR 12
(1922),115-116.
822. Cady, D. R. "The Biblical Position of Wo man. "
Congregational Quarterly 12 (1870),370-377.
823. Callaway, Phillip R. "Deut. 21:18-21: Proverbial Wisdorn and
Law." JBL 103 (1984),341-352.
824. Camp, Claudia V. "The Wise Women of 2 Samuel: A Role
Model for Wornen in Early Israel." CBQ 43 (1981), 14-29.
825. -. "Fernale Voice, Written Word: Wornen and Authority in
Hebrew Scripture." In Embodied Love: Sensuality and
Relationship as Feminist Values, pp. 97-113. Edited by
Paula M. Cooey, Sharon A. Farmer, and Mary Ellen Ross.
San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1987.
826. -. "Wornan as Root Metaphor: A Theological Con-
sideration." In The Listening Heart. Essays in Wisdom and
the Psalms in Honor of Roland E. Murphy, 0 Carm, pp .. 45-
76. Edited by Kenneth G. Hoglund, et al. JSOT Supplemen-
tary Se ries, no. 58. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1987.
827. -. "Wise and Strange: An Interpretation of the Female
Imagery in Proverbs in Light of Trickster Mythology."
Semeia 42 (1988), 14-36.
828. -. "The Female Sage in Ancient Israel and in the Biblical
Wisdom Literature. " In The Sage in Israel and the Ancient
Near East, pp. 185-203. Edited by John G. Garnrnie and
Leo G. Perdue. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1990.
829. Campbell, Antony. "The Old Testament and Women Today."
Compass 15 (1981), 1-9.
830. Campbell, E. F., Jr. "Moses and the Foundation of Israel."
Interpretation 29 (1975), 141-151.
831. Campbell, K. M. "Rahab's Covenant; a short note on
2:9-21." VT 22 (1972), 243-244.
832. Campbell, T. "Eve, Esther, Ruth, Rebecca, Mary, Martha .... "
U S Catholic 40 (Nov. 1975), 32-34.
833. Caflellas, Gabriel. "EI celibato en el Antiguo Testamento."
Biblia y Fe 5 (1979),241-253.
834. -. "EI Magnificat, origen y mensaje." Biblia y Fe 9 (1983),
229-237.
835. Carmichael, Calum M. "A Ceremonial Crux: Removing a
Man's Sandal as a FemaleGesture of Contempt." JBL 96
(1977),321-336.
836. -. "A Common Element in Five SupposedIy Disparate Laws."
VT 29 (1979), 129-142.
837. -. "'Treading' in the Book of Ruth." ZAW 92 (1980),
266.
838. -. "Forbidden Mixtures." VT 32 (1982),394-415.
839. Carmo, Jose Manuel Sanchez. "Esdras, Nemias y los origenes
deI judaismo." Salamanticensis 32 (1985),5-34.
840. Carmody, J. "Lessons of Hosea 1-3." TBT 40 (1969), 2773-
2778.
841. Carr, G. Lloyd. "Is the Song of Songs a 'Sacred Marriage
Drama'?" Journal of the Evangelical Theology Society 22
(1979), 103-114.
842. Carroll, Michael P. "Myth, Methodology, and Transformation
in the Old Testament: The Stories of Esther, Judith, and
Susanna." SR 12 (1983), 301-312.
--843; - Cartledge, Tony W. "Were NaziriteVows Unconditional?"-
CBQ 51 (1989),409-422.
844. Caspi, Mishael. "Who Makes the Barren Housewife a Joyful
Mother of Children." BM 25 (1980), 365-366 (in Hebrew).
845. -. "The Story of the Rape of Dinah: The Narrator and the
Reader." Hebrew Studies 26 (1985),25-45.
846. -. "I have qnh a Man with the Lord." BM 33 (1987/88), 29-
35 (in Hebrew).
847. Castelnuovo, A. "Evoluzione psicologica di Ester." Rassegna
mensile di Israel 43 (1977),92-111.
848. Cavalcanti, Tereza. "The Prophetic Ministry of Women in the
Hebrew Bible." In Through Her Eyes: Women's Theology
(rom Latin America, pp. 118-139. Edited by EIsa Tamez.
MaryknoI, N.Y.: Orbis, 1989.
849. Cazelles, H. "Fille de Sion et theologie mariale dans Ia BibIe."
Bulletin de la Societe Franfaise d'Etudes Mariales 21 (1964),
51-74.
850. -. "La maternite royale dans l'Ancien Testament." MDB 32
Uan-Feb 1984), 3-4.
851. Chamberlayne, John H. "Kinship Relations Among the Early
Hebrews." Numen 10 (1963), 159.
852. Charbel. Antonio. "Gen 2, 18.20: Dna polemica sottintesa
dello Jahvista." Bibbia e Griente 22 (1980),233-235.
853. Chesire, J. Blunt, Jr. "Jael the Wife of Heber the Kenite."
Protestant Episcopal Review 2 (1888-1889), 277-284.
854. Chotzner, J. "On the Life and Social Position of Hebrew
Women in Biblical Times." SBAP 6 (1883-1884), 137.
855. Christ, Carol P. and Outsiders: Thc. Struggle Over
Female Power in Western Religion." Soundings 61 (1978),
260-280.
856. Christenson, Duane L. "Huldah and the Men of Anatoth." In
Society of Biblical Literature 1984 Seminar Papers, pp. 399-
404. Edited by K. H. Richards. Chico, California: Scholars
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857. Clark, David J. "Sex-related Imagery in the Prophets." Bible
Translator 33 (1982),409-413.
858. -. "The perils of pictures." Bible Translator 34 (1983), 440-
441. Zech. 5:7 .
859. Clarkson, Shannon. "Laughing About God." SR 18 (1989),
38-49.
860. CHnes, David J. A. "Hosea 2: Structure and Interpretation." In
Studia Biblica 1978 1. Papers on Old Testament and Related
Themes, pp. 83-103. JSOT Supplement Series, no. 11. Shef-
field: JSOT Press, 1979.
861. -. "Story and Poem: The Old Testament as Literature and as
Scripture." Interpretation 34 (1980), 115-127.
862. -. "Reading Esther from Left to Right: Contemporary Strate-
gies for Reading a Biblical Text." In The Bible in Three
Dimensions. Essays in Celebration o( the Fourtieth Anniver-
sary of the Department o( Biblical Studies, T.Jniversity of
She(field, pp. 31-52. Edited by David J. A. CHnes, Stephen
C. FowI, and Stanley E. Porter. JSOT Supplements, no. 87.
863. Coats, G. W. "Widow's Rights; A Crux in the Structure of
Genesis 38." CBQ 34 (1972),461-466.
864. -. "Critical Comments: On Narrative Criticism." Semeia 3
(1975), 139-140. Hagar; Gen. 16; 21
68
865. -. "Parahles, Fahles and Anecdotes: Storytelling in the Succes-
si on Narrative." Interpretation 35 (1981), 368-382.
866. -. "A Threat to the Host." In Saga, Legend, Tale, Novella,
Fable: Narrative Forms in Old Testament Literature, pp. 71-
81. Edited hy George W. Coats. JSOT Supplements, no. 35.
Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1985. Gen. 12:10-20; 20:1-18; 26:
1-16
867. -. II Samuel 12:17a." Interpretation 40 (1986), 170-175.
868. Cogan, Mordechai. "'Ripping Open Pregnant Women' in
Light of an Assyrian Analogue." JAOS 103 (1983), 755-757.
Am. 1:13
869. -. "The Expulsion of Ishmael-No Laughing Matter." Con-
servative Judaism 41, no. 2 (1988), 29-33.
870. Coggins, Richard. "The Contrihution of Women's Studies to
Old Testament Studies: A Male Reaction." Theology (Lon-
don) 91 (1988),5-16.
871. Cohen, Chayim. "The 'Widowed' City." JANES 5 (1973), 75-
81.
872. -. "The Semantic Range of the Terms Jama and sipel)a."
SHNATON 5-6 (1978/79), XXV-LII!.
873. -. "Jewish Medieval Commentary on the Book of Genesis
and Modern Biblical Philology Part I: Gen. 1-18." JQR 81
(1990), 1-11. Includes discussion of Gen. 18, 10, 14
874. Cohen, D. "But His Father Called Hirn Benjamin." BM 23
(1978),239-41 (in Hebrew).
875. Cohen, G. H. "The Narnes in the Book of Ruth." Amsterdamse
Cahiers voor Exegese en Bijbelse Theologie 1 (1980), 62-75.
876. Cohen, H. H. "David and Bathsheba." Journal of Bible and
Religion 23 (1965), 142-148.
877. Cohen, M. "Maqt1r6t umezabbe1)6t lehlhehen (1 Rois X 8b)."
VT 41 (1991), 332-341.
878. Cohen, Shaye J. D. "From the Bible to the Talmud: TheProhi-
bition of Intermarriage." RAR 7 (1983),23-29.
Women and Womanhood in Rebrew Scripture: Articles 69
879. -. "Solomon and the Daughter of Pharaoh: Intermarriage,
Conversion, and the Irnpurity of Women." JANES 16-17
(1984-85), 23-37.
880. Cohn, Rohert L. "Form and Perspective in 2 Kings V." VT 33
(1983), 171-184.
881. Collins, Adela Yarhoro. "An Inclusive Bihlical Anthropology."
Theology Today 34 (1977), 358-369.
882. Collins, Rayrnond F. "The Bihle and Sexuality." BTB 7 (1977),
149-167; 8 (1978), 3-18.
883. Conzelrnann, Hans. "The Mother of Wisdorn." In The Future
of Our Religious Past, pp. 230-243. Edited by J. A. Robin-
son. New York: Harper & Row, 1971.
884. Coogan, Michael David. "A Structural andLiterary Analysis of
the Song of Dehorah." CBQ 40 (1978), 1 4 ~ - 1 6 6 .
885. Cook, Johann. "Hannah and/or Elkanah on their way horne (1
Sm 2:11): A Witness to the Cornplexity of the Tradition
History of the Sarnuel Texts." Old Testament Essays aour-
nal of the Old Testament Society of South Africa) 3 (1990-),
247-262.
886. Cooper, Alan. "The Euphernism in Nurnbers 12: 12-A Study
in the History of Interpretation." JJS 32 (1981), 56-64.
887. -. "A Note on the Vocalization of Ashtoreth." ZAW 102
(1990),98-100 ..
888. Cooper, Alan, and Goldstein, Bernard R. "Biblical Literature
in the Iron(ic) Age: Reflections on Literary-Historical Meth-
od." Rebrew Studies 32 (1991), 45-60. Review article con-
cerning Harold Bloorn, The Book of J; deals with larger
issues concerning wornen in ancient Israel.
889. Copher, C. B. "Blacks and Jews in Historical Interaction."
Journal of the Interdenominational Research Center 3
(1975),9-16. Moses and the Cushite wornan; Num. 12:1.
890. Coppens, J. "La sournission de la fernrne a l'homme d'apres
Gen. 3, 16b." ETL 14 (1937), 632-640.
891. -. "La Prophetie d'Ernrnanuel." Recherches bibliques, L'At-
teinte du Messie, 1954,39-50.
892. -. "La Prophetie de la 'Alrnah (Is VII, 14-17)." ETL 28
(1954), 648-678.
893. -. "La nudite des protoplastes." ETL 46 (1970),380-383.
894. Cortese, Enzo. "La nudita in Lv 18 e 20." Parola Spirito e Vita
20 (1989),53-62.
895. Costas, Orlando E. "The Subversiveness of Faith: Esther as a
Paradigm for Liberating TheoIogy." Ecumenical Review 40
(1988), 66-78.
896. Couroyer, Bernard. "La tablette du coeur." RB 90 (1983),
416-434.
897. Couturier, Guy. "Debora: une autorite politoco-religieuse. aux
origines d'IsraeI." SR 18 (1989), 213-228.
898. Cowling, G. "Women in the Old Testament." Ancient Society
9 (1979), 96-115.
899. Coxon, Peter W. "A Note on 'Bathsheba' in 2 Samuel 12, 1-
6." Biblica 62 (1981), 247-250.
900. -. "Was Naorni a Scold?" jSOT 45 (1989), 25-37.
901. Craghan, John F. "Esther, Judith, and Ruth: Paradigm for
Human Liberation." BTB 12 (1982), 11-19.
902. -. "Esther: A FuIly Liberated Woman." TBT 24 (1986), 6-11.
903. Craigie, Peter C. "Deborah and Anat: A Study oE Poetic
Imagery." ZAW 90 (1978), 374-381.
904. -. "Psalm 113." Interpretation 39 (1985), 70-74.
905. Crane, T. "God and the Woman." TBT 66 (1973), 1195-
2000.
906. Craven, Toni. "Wornen Who Lied for the Faith." In Justice
and the Holy. Essays in Honor ofWalter Harrelson, pp. 35-
49. Edited by Douglas A. Knight and Peter J. Paris. Atlanta:
71
907. CrawIey, Joann. "Faith of Our Mothers: The Dark Night of
Sara, Rebekah, and Rachel." Review (01' Religious 45 (1986),
531-537.
908. Crenshaw,]ames L. "Education in Ancient Israel." JBL 104
(1985), 601-615.
909. -. "A Mother's Instruction to Her Son (Proverbs 31: 1-9)." In
Perspectives on the Hebrew Bible: Essays in Honor o(Walter
j. Harrelson, pp. 9-22. Edited by James L. Crenshaw.
Macon, GA.: Mercer University Press, 1988.
910. Criado, R. "La mujer en eI AT." Misceldnea de Estudias Arabes
y Hebrdicos 11 (1962), 19-42.
911. Croce, Lucia. "La niddd nel pensiero biblico e misnico." Egitto
e Vicino Oriente 6 (1983), 235-245 Lev. 1 5 ~ 1 9 - 2 5 ; men-
struation
912. Crocker, P. T. "Apothecaries, Confectionaries, and a New
Discovery at Qumran." Buried History 25 (1989), 36-46.
Discusses the use of perfumes in Hebrew Scripture
913. Croix-Rosse, Andre de la. "La femme au temps des ]uges."
Bible et Vie Chretienne 1 (1953), 40-50.
914. Crook, Margaret B. "The MarriageabIe Maiden of Provo
31:10-31." jNES 13 (1954), 137-140.
915. Cropp, ]ohannes. "Die Perikope von Canaanischen Weibe."
Theologische Studien und Kritiken 43 (1870), 125-134.
916. Cross, Earle Bennett. "Traces of the Matronymic Family in the
Hebrew Social Organization." Biblical World 36 (1910),
407-414.
917. Cross, Frank M., Jr., and Freedrnan, David Noel. "The Song
of Miriam." jNES 14 (1955),237-250.
918. Cross, Nancy. "Those Poor Misquoted Scriptures." Homiletic
and Pastoral Review, 84, no. 10 (1986),57-60.
919. Cruveilhier, P. "Le levirat chez les hebreux et chez les
assyriens." RB 34 (1925), 524-546.
72
920. -. "Les droit de Ja fernrne dans Ja Genese et dans Je receuil de
lois assyriennes." RB 36 (1927), 350-376.
921. Cunchillos, J. L. "Los bene ha'elohi'rn en Gen 6, 1-4." Est Bib
28 (1969), 5-31.
922. Curtis, A. H. "Marriage in the Bible and the Early Christian
Church." Expository Times 59 (1947),42-44.
923. DaneJius, Eva. "Sharngar Ben 'Anath." jNES 22 (1963), 191-
193.
924. Danielou, J. "Rahab, figure de l'Eglise." Irenikon 22 (1949),
26-45.
925. -. "La typologie de Ia femrne dans I'Ancien Testament." La
Vie Spirituelle 80 (1949), 491-510.
926. Darr, Kathryn Pfisterer. "Like Warrior, Like Wornan: Destruc-
tion and Deliverance in Isaiah 42:10-17." CBQ 49 (1987),
560-571.
927. Davidson, Richard M. "The Theology of Sexuality in the
Beginning: Genesis 1-2." AUSS 26 (1986),5-24.
928. -. "The Theology of Sexuality in the Beginning: Genesis 3."
AUSS 26 (1988), 121-131.
929. -. "The Theology of SexuaJity in the Song of Songs: Return
to Eden." AUSS 27 (1989), 1-12.
930. Davies, EryJ N. "Inheritance Rights and the Hebrew Levirate
Marriage." Part 1. vr 31 (1981), 138-44; Part 2. vr 31
(1981), 257-268.
931. -. "Ruth IV 5 and the Duties of the Go'el." VT 33 (1983),
231-234.
932. Davis, M. Stephen. "Polygarny in the Ancient World." Biblical
Illustrator 14 (1987),34-36.
933. Davis, Steve. "Stories of the Fall in the Ancient Near East."
Biblical Illustrator 13 (1986), 36-40.
934. De Pury, A. "Genese XXXIV et l'histoire." RB 71 (1969), 5-
49.
. 73
935. Deern, Ariella. "The Goddess Anath and Some Biblical Hebrew
Cruces." JSS 23 (1978),25-30.
936. -. "Cupboard Love: The Story of Amnon and Tamar." Ha-
Sifrut 8 (1979), 100-107 (in Hebrew).
937. -. "The Great Woman of Shunern." In Proceedings of the
Eighth World Congress of jewish Studies, Divison A, pp. 21-
25. Jerusalern: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1982.
938. DeI OJrno Lete, Gregorio. lff1abar silli1be' (Ex 18,2)." Biblica
51 (1970),414-416.
939. Dekor, M. "Astarte et la fecondite des troupeaux en Deut.
7:13 et paralleles." UF 6 (1974), 1-5.
940. -. "La vision de la fernrne dans l'Epha de Zach. 5 :5-11 a la
lumiere de la litterature hittite." RHR 187 (1975), 137-145.
941. -. "Allusions a la deesse en Nahum 2, 8." Biblica 58 (1977),
73-83.
942. -. "Le culte de la 'Reine du Cie!' se!on Jer 7, 18; 44, 17-
19.25 et son survivances." In Von Kanaan bis Kerala, pp.
101-122. Edited by W. C. Deisman et al. AOAT 211.
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943. DeMerv, I. "La creation de la fernrne." Bible et Vie Chretienne
28 (1959),9-13.
944. Dempster, Stephen G. "MythoJogy and History in the Song of
Deborah." Westminster Theological journal 41 (1978), 33-
53.
945. Deroche, Michael. "Israel's 'Two Evils' in Jeremia.h 11 13." VI'
31 (1981), 369-372. Discusses well as symbol for wife in
Jer., Prov., and Cant.
946. -. "Structure, Rhetoric, and Meaning in Hosea IV 4-10." vr
33 (1983), 185-198.
947. Derret, J. D. M. "The Disposal of Virgins." Man 9 (1974),23-
30.
948. Deuerloo, K. A. "After God's Likeness: Male and Female
(Gen. 5:2, 3; 1:27)." Amsterdamse Cahiers voor Exegese en
Bijbelese Theologie 6 (1985), 36-42.
949. -. "TSWQH 'dependency,' Gen 4, 7." ZAW 99 (1987),405-
406.
950. -. "Die Gefhrdung der Ahnfrau (Gen 20)." DBAT 25 (1988),
17-27.
951. _. "The King's Wisdom in Judgment: Narration as Example
(I Kings III)." OTS 25 (1989), 11-21.
952. Diamond, J. A. "The Deception of Jacob. A New Perspective
----------------- ------on an Ancient Solution of the Problem." vr 34(1984),211-
213. Rachel and Leah
953. Diebner, B. J. "Deborahs Tod 35, 8: 'schwierig' und 'unver-
stndlich'?" DBAT 25 (1988), 172-184.
954. -." ... er hatte sich nmlich ein kuschitische Frau genommen
(Num 12, 1)." DBAT 25 (1988), 74-79.
955. -. "For He Had Married a Cushite Woman." Nubica I/II
(1990), 4 9 9 ~ 5 0 4 .
956. Diebner, B., and Schult, H. "Die Ehen der Erzvter." DBAT 8
(1975),2-10.
957. Diest, Ferdinand. "Prov. 31:1-A Case of Constant Mistrans-
lation." jNSL 6 (1978), 1-3. The mother of Lemuel
958. Dijk-Hemmes, Fokkelien Van. "Als Hlhij tot haar hart spreekt.
Een visie op (visies op) Hosea 2." In Door het oog van de
tekst. essays voor Mieke Bal over visie, pp. 121-139. Edited
by Ernst van Alphen and Irene de Jong. Muiderberg: Con-
tinuo, 1988.
959. -. "The Imagination of Power and the Power of Imagina-
tion." jSOT 44 (1989), 75-88. Cant.; Hos. 2.
. 960. Dion, Paul, E., O.P. "Did Cultic Prostitution Fall into Oblivion
During the Poxtexilic Era? Some Evidence from Chronicles
and the Septuagint." CBQ 43 (1981),41-48.
961. Dohmen, Christoph. "Das Immanuelzeichen. Ein jesajanisches
Drohwort und seine inneralttestamentliche Rezeption."
Biblica 68 (1987), 305-329.
962. Domeris, W. R. "Biblical Perspectives on the'Roie ofWomen."
journal ofTheology for Southern Africa 55 (1986),58-61.
963. Donaidson, Mara E. "Kinship Theory in the Patriarchal
Narratives: The Case of the Barren Wife." JAAR 49 (1981),
77-87.
964. Donner, H. "Art und Herkunft der Kniginmutter im Alten
Testament." In Festschrift Johannes Friedrich zum 65.
Geburtstag, pp. 105-145. Heidelberg: Winter, 1959.
965. Dresner, Samuel. "Rachel and Leah: Sibling Tragedy or the
Triumph of Piety and Compassion." Bible Review 6, no. 1
(1990), 22-27; 40-42.
966. Driver, G. R. "Hebrew Mothers (Exodus 1:19)." ZAW 67
(1955),246-248.
967 .. Dubarle, A.-M. "L'amour humain dans le Cantique des Can-
tiques." RB 61 (1954), 67-86.
968. -. "Amour et fecondite dans Ja Bible." Recherches et Debats
43 (1963), 105-121.
969. -. "Les chromosomes, Adam et Eve: un nouveau con-
cordisme." Revue de sciences philosophiques et theologiques
61 (1977),429-436.
970. -. "Le jugement de Salomon: un coeur a l'ecoute." Revue de
sciences philosophiques et theologiques 63 (1979),419-427.
971. Duman, Marcel. "Language sexiste et traductions de Ia Bible."
Eglise et theologie 19/2 (1988),241-253.
972. Dumas, A. "Similitude et diversitedes sexes dans le plan de
Dieu." Etudes et Recherches 40 (1965),97-108.
973. Dumbrell, W. J. "The Role of Women: A Reconsideration of
the Biblical Evidence." Interchange 4 (1977), 14-22.
974. Dus, Jan. "Die Geburtslegende Samuels I Sam. 1." RSO 43
(1968), 163-194.
76
975. Duvshani, M. "The Images of Women and Children in Isaiah
and Jeremiah." M 22 (1967),83-93 (in Hebrew).
976. -. "Artistic Traits in the Stories about Samuel's Birth and the
Crowning of Saul (I Sam 1 and 6-9)." BM 26 (1981), 362-
369 (in Hebrew).
977. Eakins, J. Kenneth. "Anthropomorphisms in Isaiah 40-55."
Hebrew Studies 20/21 (1979-80),47-50.
978. Ehrlich, Z. H. "The Inheritance of Hoglah, Daughter of
Zelophehad." BM 28 (1982/83), 232-235 (in Hebrew).
979. Ellington, John. "Man and Adam in Genesis 1-5." Bible
Translator 30 (1979),201-205.
980. -. "Miscarriage or Premature Birth." Bible Translator 37
(1986),334-337. Concerning Ex. 21:22ff.
981. Ellis, Bob R. "An Annotated Bibliography for the Book of
Malachi." Southwestern Journal ofTheology 30 (1987), 48-
49.
982. Ellison, H. L. "The Meaning of Hosea in the Light of His
Marriage." Evangelical Quarterly 41 (1969),3-9.
983. Emanueli, Moshe. "Dinah, Leah's Daughter" BM 17 (1972),
984. -. "Tamar, Judah's Wife (Gen. 38): BM 18 (1972), 25-32 (in
Hebrew).
985. -. "Abraham, Sarah, and Hagar." BM 20 (1974), 554-561
(in Hebrew).
986. -. "The Sons of God Took Wives Whomever They Chose
(Gen. 6, 1-4)." BM 20 (1974), 150-152; 165-166 (in
Hebrew).
987. Emerton, J. A. "Some Problems in Genesis XXXVIII." VI' 25
(1975),357-360.
988. -. "An Exarnination of aRecent Structuralist Interpretation
of Gen. 38." VI' 26 (1976), 79-98.
77
989. -. "Judah and Tamar." VT29 (1979),403-415.
990. Ernmerson, G. I. "Wornen in Ancient Israel." In The World of
Ancient Israel, pp. 371-394. Edited by R. E. Clements.
Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
991. Engar, Ann. W. "Old Testament Women as Tricksters."
Bucknell Review, vol. 33, pt. 2 (1990), 143-157.
992. Escudero, M. "EI matrimonio, Figura de la Alianza den los
Profetas." Revista Teologica Limense 6 (1972),49-71.
993. Eslinger, Lyle. "A Contextual Identifieation of the bene
ha'elohim and benoth ha'adam in Genesis 6:1-4." JSOT
13 (1979), 65-73.
994. -. "The Case of an Immodest Lady Wrestler in Deute-
ronomy XXV 11-12." VT31 (1981),269-281.
995. -. "More Drafting Techniques in Deuteronomic Laws." VI'
34 (1984), 221-226.
996.' Exum, J. Cheryl. "Promise and Fulfillment: Narrative Art in
Judges 13." JL 99 (1980), 43-59.
997. -. "'You Shall Let Every Daughter Live': A Study of Exodus
1:8-2:10." Semeia 28 (1983), 63-82.
998. -. "The Mothers of Israel: The Patriarchal Narratives from
a Feminist Perspective." ible Review, vol. 2, no. 1 (1986),
60-67.
999. -. "Murder They Wrote: Ideology and the Manipulation of
Female Presence in Biblical Narrative." USQR 43 (1989),
19-39.
1000. -. "The Tragic Vision and Biblical Narrative: The Case of
Jephthah." Semeia 34 (1989),59-83.
1001. Exum, J. Cheryl, and Whedbee, J. William. "Isaac, Samson,
and Saul: Reflections on the Comie and Tragic Visions."
Semeia 32 (1984), 5-40.
1002. Eybers, I. H. "The Matrimonial Life of Moses." Ou-Testa-
mentiese Werkgemeenskap in Suid-Afrika 5 (1964/65), 11-
34.
78
1003. -. "The Matrimonial Life of Hosea." Ou-Testamentiese
Werkgemeenskap in Suid-Afrika 7 (1966) 11-34.
1004. Eynde, Pierre van den. "Le mystere d'Anne, la sterile." Bible
et Vie Chretienne 34 (1960),29-37.
1005. Fabretti, N. "La Terre Sainte, terre des femmes." Terre Sainte
5 (1973), 166-167.
1006. Falasca, M. "L'instituto matrimoniale premosaico nella Sacra
Scrittura." Euntes Docete 18 (1965),381-422.
1007. Falk, Z. W. "Jeremiah's Marriage." BM 15 (1970), 431-440
(in Hebrew).
1008. -. "ber die Ehe in der biblischen Propheten." Zeitschrift
der Savigny-Stiftung fr Rechtsgeschichte Romanistische
Abteilung 90 (1973), 36-44.
1009. -. "Concerning Marriage in Hosea and Malachi." BM 21
(1975),211":'216 (in Hebrew).
1010. -. "Addenda to Hebrew Law in Biblical Times." Dine Israel
8 (1977),33-48.
1011. Feilschuss-Abir, A. S. " ... da werden eure Augen geffnet und
ihr werdet sein wie Gott wissend Gutes und Bses (Gen 3,
5)." Theologie und Glaube 74 (1984), 190-203.
1012. -. "Erschaffung, Bestimmung und Stellung der Frau in der
Urgeschichte in anthropologischen Sicht." Theologie und
Glaube 76 (1986),399-423.
1013. Feinberg, Charles L. "The Virgin Birth in the Old Testament
and Isaiah 7, 14." Bibliotheca Sacra 119 (1962),251-258.
1014. Fensham, F. C. "Aspects of Family Law in the Covenant
Code in Light of Ancient Near Eastern Parallels." Dine
Israel 1 (1969), V-XXV.
1015. -. "The Son of a Handmaid in Northwest Semitic." VI' 19
(1969),312-321.
1016. -. "Genesis XXXIV and Mari." jNSL 4 (1975), 71-78.
79
1017. -. "The Marriage Metaphor in Hosea for the Covenant
Relationship Between the Lord and His People (Hos -1 :2-
9)." jNSL 12 (1984), 71-78.
1018. Festorazzi, Franco. "Le Figlie di Lot. Gen 19, 30-38. Valore
della vita 0 vergogna dell'incesto?" Para la Spirito e Vita 20
(1989), 33-39. _
1019. Feuillet, Andre. "Dier Sieg der Frau nach dem Protoevangel-
ium." Internationale Katholische Zeitschrift 7 (1978), 26-
35.
1020. -. "Le drama d'amour du Cantique des Cantiques remis en
son contexte prophetique." Nova et Vetera 63 (1988), 81-
---- --------------136.-- -- --------- ---- ---------
1021. Fewell, Danna Nolan. "Ferninist Reading of the Hebrew
Bible: Affirmation, Resistance, and Transformation." jSOT
39(1987), 77-87.
1022. Fewell, Danna Nolan, and Gunn, David M. "Is Coxon a
Scold? On Responding to the Book of Ruth." jSOT 45
(1989),39-43.
1023. Fewell, Danna Nolan, and Gunn, David M. "Controlling
Perspectives: Wornen, Men, and the Authority of Violence
in Judges 4 and 5." jAAR58 (1990),389-411.
1024. Fewell, Danna Nolan, and Gunn, David M. "Tipping the
Balance: Sternberg's Reader and the Rape of Dinah." jBL
110 (1991), 193-211.
1025. Firestone-Seghi, Laya. "Ruth's Story: Renewal of the Fem-
inine." Reconstructionist 49, no. 7 (1983), 11-15,26.
1026. Fisch, A. H. "A Structuralist Approach to the Stories of Ruth
and Boaz." BM 24 (1979),260-265 (in Hebrew).
1027. Fisch, Harold. "Ruth and the Structure of Covenant
History." vr 32 (1982),425-437.
1028. Fischer, Alexander. "David und Batseba. Ein literarkritischer
und motivgeschichtlicher Beitrag zu 11 Sam. 11." ZAW 101
(1989), 50-59.
1029. Fischer, Georg. "Die Redewegung dibber calleb im AT-Ein
Beitrag zum Verstndnis von Jes 40, 2." Biblica 65 (1984),
244-250.
1030. Fishbane, M. "Accusations of Adultery: A Study of Law and
Scribal Practice in Numbers 5: 11-31." HUCA 45 (1974),
25-45.
1031. Fisher, Eugene. "Cultic Prostitution in the Ancient Near
East: A Reassessment." BTB 6 (1976), 229-236.
1032. Fitzgerald, Aloysius. "The Mythological Background for the
Presentation of Jerusalem as a Queen and False Worship
as Adultery in the Old Testament." CBQ 34 (1972), 403-
416.
1033. Florentin-Smyth, "Ce que la Bible ne doit pas de
la femme." Les Etudes Theologiques et Religieuses 40
(1965), 75-89.
1034. Flgge, P. "Lamechs Tochter Naema." ZAW 62 (1950),314.
1035. Flusser, D. '''Do not commit adultery,' 'do not murder'."
Textus 4 (1964),220-224.
1036. Foh, Susan T. "What Is the Woman's Desire?" Westminster
Theological Journal 37 (1975), 376-383. Interpretation of
Gen. 3:16; 4:7
1037. Follis, Elaine R. "The Holy City as Daughter." In Directions
in Biblical Hebrew Poetry, pp. 173-184. JSOT Supple-
ments, vol. 40. Edited by Elaine R. Follis. Sheffield: JSOT
Press, 1987.
1038. Fontaine, Carole. "The Bearing ofWisdom on the Shape of 2
Samue111-12 and 1 Kings 3." JSOT 34 (1986), 61-77.
1039. Fox, Michael V. "Love, ,Passion, and Perception in Israelite
and Egyptian Love Poetry." JBL 102 (1983), 219-228.
1040. -. "Scholia to Canticles." VT 33 (1983), 199-206.
1041. Franklin, Cecil L. "Sexuality and Gender in the Bible." lliff
Review 35, no. 2 (1978), 19-27.
81
1042. Franklin, Paul. "The Sayings of Agur in Proverbs 30: Piety or
Scepticism?" ZAW 95 (1983),239-252.
1043. Fransen, P.-I. "L'hegire d'Agar, fuite ou appel?" Bible et
Terra Sainte 141 (1982),5-7.
1044. Franson, Frederik._ "Prophesying Daughters." Covenant
Quarterly 34 (Nov. 1976), 21-40
1045. Freedman, David Noel. "Psalm 113 and the Song of Han-
nah." EI 14 (1978),56-69.
1046. Freedman, R. David. "Woman, APower Equal to Man." BAR
9, no. 1 (1983), 56-58.
1047. Frieden, Abtei Maria. "Die Jungfraulichkeit in der Heiligen
Schrift." Erbe und Auftrag 54 (1978), 133-144; 217-255.
1048. Friedman, Joni. "Miriam the Prophetess: A Feminist Per-
spective." Philadelphia ]ewish Exponent, Friday Forum,
April 26, 1974.
1049.. Friedman, Mordechai A. "Israel's Response in Hosea 2:17b:
'You are my Husband'." ]BL 99 (1980), 199-204.
1050. Friedman, Norman. "Esther harnalka, the Royal Mistress and
Mordecai Hayehudi, the Jewish Judge." DD 6 (1977),
111-117.
1051. Friedrnan, Richard Elliot. "Deception for Deception." Bible
Review 2, no. 1 (1986),22-31, 68.
1052. -. "Is Everybody a Bible Exegete?" Bible Review 7 (April
1991), 16-18,50-51. Review of Harold Bloom, The Book
off
1053. Friedrnan, Theodore. "The Shifting Role of Wornen, Frorn
the Bible to the Talmud." ]udaism 36 (1987),479-487.
1054. Friedmann, Meir. "Mitwirkung von Frauen beim Gottes-
dienste." HUCA 8-9 (1931-32), 511-523. Discusses
wornen singers in Hebrew Scripture
1055. Frost, Francis. "Hornrne et fernrne a l'image de Dieu; signifi-
cation hurnaine et chretienne de la femininite." Melanges
de Science Religieuse 38 (1981), 161-176.
1056. Frost, Stanley B. "Judgment on Jezebel, or a Woman
Wronged." Theology Today 20 (1964), 503-517.
1057. Frotstig-Adler, N. H. "La storia di Jefte." Annuario di Studi
Ebraici 2 (1964),9-30.
1058. Frye, Roland M. "Language for God and Ferninist Lan-
guage." Interpretation 43 (1989),45-57.
1059. Frymer-Kensky, Tikva. "Patriarchal Family Relationships and
Near Eastern Law." BA 44 (1981),209-214.
1060. -. "Pollution, Purification, and Purgation in Biblical Israe1."
In The Word of the Lord ShaU Go Forth: Essays in Honor
of David Noel Freedman-in Celebration of His Sixtieth-
Birthday, pp. 399-414. Edited by Carol L. Meyers and M.
O'Connor. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns for the
American Schools of Oriental Research, 1983.
1061. -. "The Strange Case of the Suspected Sotah (Numbers V,
11-31)." VT 34 (1984), 11-26.
1062. -. "The Trial Before God of an Accused Adulteress." Bible
Review 2, no. 3 (1986),46-49.
1063. -. "The Ideology of Gender in the Bible and the Ancient
Near East." In DUMU-E
2
-DUB-BA-A: Studies in Honor of
Ake W. Sjberg, pp. 185-191. Edited by Hermann
Behrens, Darlene Loding, and Martha T. Roth. Philadel-
phia: Occasional Publications of the Sarnuel Noah Kramer
Fund, 1989.
1064. -. "Lawand Philosophy: The Case of Sex in the Bible."
Semeia 45 (1989), 89-102.
1065. Fubini, Guido. "Gli ebrei eil divorzio." La Rassegna Mensile
di Israel 36 (1970),355-365.
1066. Fuchs, Esther. "Status and Role of Female Heroines in the
Biblical Narrative." Mankind Quarterly 23 (1982), 149-
160.
1067. -. "Structure and Patriarchal Functions in the Biblical Be-
trothal Type-Scene: Some Prelirninary Notes." JFSR 3
(1987), 7-13.
1068. -. "'For I have rhe Way of Warnen': Deception, Gender, and
Ideology in Biblical Narrative." Semeia 42 (1988), 68-83.
1069. -. "The Literary Characterization of Mothers and Sexual
Politics in the Hebrew Bible." Semeia 46 (1989), 151-166.
1070. -. "Marginalizatipn, Ambiguity, Silencing: The Story of
Jephthah's Daughter." JFSR 5 (1989),33-45.
1071. Fuchs-Kreimer, Nancy. "Feminism and Scriptural Interpreta-
tion: A Contemporary Jewish Critique." Journal of Ecu-
menical Studies 20 (1983), 534-548.
1072. Furman, Nelly. "His Story Versus Her Story: Male Geneal-
ogy and FemaleStrategy in rhe JacobCycle." Semeia 46
(1989), 141-150.
1073. Gabel, J. B., and Wheeler, C. B. "The Redactor's Hand in the
Blasphemy Pericope of Leviticus XXIV." VI' 30 (1980),
227-229. .
1074. Gablenz, Clara von. "Frauengestellten im AT." EvKomm 21
(1988),418.
1075. Garbini, Giovanni. "'Narrativa della successione' 0 'storia dei
re'?" Henoch 1 (1979), 19-41. Deals with erotic situations
and the importance of women in 2 Sam 9-20 and 1 Kgs 1-
2
1076. -. "Gli Ebrei in Palestina: Yahvismo e religione fenicia." In
Forme di Contatto e Processi di Transformazione neUe
Societa Antiche, pp. 899-910. Pisa and Rome: Scuola Nor-
male Superiore/Ecole de Rome, 1983.
1077. -. "Poesia alessandrina e 'Cantico dei Cantici'." Ales-
sandriaed il Mondo Ellenistico-Romano: Studi in Onore di
Achille Andriani. Rome: "L'Erma," 1983. .
1078. -. "Calchi lessicali greci nel 'Cantico dei Cantici'." Rendi-
conti deli' Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei 39 (1984),
149-160.
1079. Gardiner, Anne. "Genesis 2:4b-3: A Mythological Paradigm
of Sexual Equality or of the Religious History of Pre-exilic
Israel?" Scottish Journal ofTheology 43 (1990), 1-18.
1080. Garnot, Moshe. "The Prophecy in the Book of Judges." BM
25 (1979), 256-258 (in Hebrew). Deborah
1081. Garrett, Duane A. "Votive Prostitution Again: Comparison
of Proverbs 7:13-14 and 21:28-29." JBL 109 (1990),
681-682.
1082. Garsiel, Moshe. "A Review of Recent Interpretations of the
Story of David and Bathsheba, 2 Sam. 11." Immanuel 2
(1973), 18-20.
1083. -. "David and Bathsheba." DD 5 (1976), 24-28; 85-90;
134-137.
1084. Gaugel, K. H. "Toward a Biblical Theology of Marriage and
Family." Journal of Psychology and Theology 5 (1977),
150-162.
1085. Gehrke, R. "The Biblical View of the Sexual Polarity." Con-
cordia Theological Monthly 41 (1970), 195-205.
1086. Gelander, S. "On the Book of Ruth, The Relation Between
the Framework and the Content as Indicative of its Mean-
ing." BM 28 (1982/83), 150-155 (in Hebrew).
1087. Gelin, A. "Le mariage d'apres l'Ancien Testament." Lumiere
et Vie 4 (1952), 7-20.
1088. GeIler, Stephen A. "The Sack of Shechem: The Use of Ty-
pology in Biblical Covenant Religion." Prooftexts 10
(1990), 1-15. .
1089. Gendler, Mary. "Male and Female Created He Them: A
Feminist View." Jewish Heritage 13 (Winter 1971-72),
24-29. Deals with Gen. 1:27
1090. Gerl, Hanna-Barbara. "Gott-Vater und Mutter." Erbe und
Auftrag 66 (1990),5-16.
1091. Gerleman, G. "Die Bildsprache des Hohenliedes und die alt-
gyptische Kunst." Annual of the Swedish Theological In-
stitute 1 (1962),24-30.
1092. Gerstenberger, Erhard S. "Dominar ou Amar: 0 Relaciona-
menta de Hornen e Mulher no Antigo Testamento." Estu-
dios Teol6gicos 23 (1983),42-56.
85
1093. -. und biblische Theologie angesichts
feministischer Kritik." Deutsches Pfarrerblatt 88 (1988),
6-9.
1 094. Gevirtz, S. "The Reprimand of Reuben (Gen 49, 3-4)." JNES
30 (1971), 87-98.
1095. Geyer, Marcia L. "Stopping the Juggernaut: A Close Reading
of 2 Samuel20:13-22." USQR 41 (1987),33-42.
1096. Gilbert, Maurice "'Une suele chair' (Gn 2, 24)." Nouvelle
Revue Theologique 100 (1978), 66-89.
1097. Gimenez, Clementina M. "La mujer en la Biblia." Cultura
Biblica 221 (1968),230-234.
1098. Ginsberg, H. L. "Studies in Hosea 1-3." In Yehezkel Kauf-
mann Jubilee Volume, pp. 50-69. Edited by Menahem
Haran. Jerusalem: Magnes, 1960.
1099. -. "Lexicographical Notes." In Hebrische Wrtforschung,
pp. 71-82. VTS, vol. 16. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1967. Hos. 4
1100. Girardet, Giorgio M. "La famiglia nell' Antico Testamento."
Protestatesimo 9 (1954),98-113.
1101. Gitay, Zefira. "Hagar's Expulsion-A Tale Twice Told in
Genesis." Bible Review 2, no. 4 (1986), 26-32.
1102. Glazier-McDonald, Beth. "Malachi 2: 12: 'er wconeh-
Another Look." JBL 105 (1986),295-298.
1103. -. "Intermarriage, Divorce, and the bat-'el-nekr: Insights
intoMal. 2:10-16." JBL 106 (1987), 603-611.
1104. Glck, J. J. "Provo 30, ISa." vr 14 (1964),367-370.
1105. -. "Merab or Michal." ZAW77 (1965), 72-81.
1106. Grg, Manfred. "Fremdsein in und fr Israel." Mnchener
theologische Zeitschrift 37 (1986), 217-232.
1107. -. "Mirjam--ein weiterer Versuch." BZ 23 (1979), 285-
289.
86
1108. -. "Piggul und pilaegaes-Experimente zur Etymologie."
BN 10 (1979), 7-11.
1109. -. "Die 'Snfte Salomos' nach HL 3, 9f." BN 18 (1982); 15-
25. .
1110. -. "Das Wort zur Schlenge (Gen 3, 14f)." BN 19 (1982),
121-140. Deals, inter alia, with Isa. 7:14 and Gen. 3:14
1111.
-. '''Travestie' im Hohen Lied. Eine kritische Betrachtung
am Beispiel von HL 1, 5C' BN 21 (1983), 101-115.
1112. -. "Der Spiegeldienst der Frauen (Ex 38, 8)." BN 23 (1984),
9-13. Deals with women in the cult, serving women of Ex.
38:8; 1 Sam. 2:22 and Egypti:m paralIeIs
1113. -. "Weisheit als Provokation." Wissenschaft und Weisheit 49
(1986), 81-98. Deals with Gen. 2:25-3:7 and 1 Kgs. 10
1114. Goitein, S. D. "Wornen as Creators oi Biblical Genres."
Translated from the Hebrew by Michael Carasik. Proof-
texts 10 (1988), 1-33.
1115. Goldfarb, S. D. "Jacob's Love for Rachel (Gen. 29-10-il)."
BM 4 (1975), 289-292 (in Hebrew).
1116. -. "Sex and Violence in the Bible." DD 4 (1975), 125-130.
1117. Goldingay, John. "The Bible and Sexuality." Scottish Journal
ofTheology 39 (1986), 175-188.
1118. Good, Edwin M. "Deception and Wornen: A Response."
Semeia 42 (1988),117-132.
1119. Gordis, Robert. '''My Mother and My Sister'-A Note on
Job 17, 14." Lesonenu 26 (1971), 71-72 (in Hebrew).
1120. -. ~ L o v e , Marriage, and Business in the Book of Ruth." In A
Ltght unto my Path: Old Testament Studies in Honor of
Jacob Myers,. pp. 241-264. Edited by Howard N. Bream,
Ralph D. Nelm, and Carey H. Moore. Philadelphia: Tem-
ple University Press, 1974.
1121. -. "Religion, Wisdorn, and History in the Book of Esther-
A New Solution to an Ancient Crux." JBL 100 (1981) .
359-388. '
87
1122. -. "More on ml'1)m bn btnh (Isa. 49:15)." Tarbiz 53 (1983/
84), 137-138 (in Hebrew).
1123. -. "Personal Narnes in Ruth-A Note on Biblical Etymolo-
gies .. " Judaism 35 (1986),298-299.
1124. Gordon, Cynthia. "Hagar: A Throw-Away Character Among
the Matriarchs?" SBL Seminar Papers, No. 24 (1983),273.
1125.
Gordon, Cyrus. H. " Alrnah in Isaiah 7, 14." Journal of Bible
and Religion 21 (1953), 106.
1126. -. "The Patriarchal Age." Journal of Bible and Religion 21
(1953), 238-243.
1127. Gorgulho, L-B. "Ruth et la 'fiIle de Sion' mere du Messie."
Revue Thomiste 63 (1963),5601-514.
1128. Goto, K. "Ezekiel8, 14: Tammuz-Ishtar." Seishe-gaku ronshu
7 (1970), 58-62 (in Japanese).
1129. Gottlieb, Freema. "Three Mothers." Judaism 30 (1981),
194-203.
1130. Gottlieb, I. B. "Light und Darkness in Perputal Round:
Genesis 18 and 19." In On the Path of Knowledge: Essays
on Jewish Culture: Festschrift for Aharon Mirsky, pp. 181-
198. Edited by Zvi Mulachi. Lod, Israel: Haberman In-
stitute, 1986.
1131. Gow, Murray D. "Ruth Quoque-A Conquette (Ruth 4:5)."
Tyndale Bulletin 41 (1990),302-311.
1132. Graetz, Naorni. "Miriarn: Guilty or Not Guilty." Judaism
(1991), 184-192.
1133. -. "The Haftarah Tradition and the Battering of Hosea's
Wife." Conservative Judaism 45, no. 1 (1992),29-42.
1134. Granot, Alison M. '''adam and 'ish: Man in the Old Testa-
ment." Australian Bible Review 25 (1977),2-11.
. 1135. -. "The Image of Woman in the BibIe." BM 27 (1981/82),
88 Women in the Biblical World Women and Womanhood in Hebrew Scripture: Articles
89
1136. Graupner, Axel. "Zum Verhltnis der beiden Dekalogfass- 1148.
Grober, S. F. "The hospitable lotus: A cluster of metaphors:
ungen Ex 20 und Dtn 5. Ein Gesprch mit Frank-Lothar An Inquiry into the Problem of Textual Unity in the Song
Hossfeld." ZAW 99 (1987),308-329. Argues that Deut. 5: of Songs." Semitics 9 (1984), 86-112.
21 constitutes a more respectful stance on woman vis-a-vis
Ex. 20: 17 as the latter puts 'house' before 'wife'. 1149.
Gross, Walter, and Hunhold, Gerfried. "Die Ehe im Spiegel
biblischer und kulturgeschichtlicher Uberlieferungen."
1137. Green, Alberto R. "Solomon and Siamon: A Synchronism Theologische Quartalschrift 167 (1987), 8 2 ~ 9 5 .
Between EarIy Dynastie Israel and the Twenty-First Dynas-
ty of Egypt." jBL 97 (1978), 353-367. Solomon's Egyp- 1150.
Grossberg, Daniel. "Canticles 3:10 in the Light of a Homeric
tian wife Analogue and Biblical Poetics." BTB 11 (1981), 74-76.
1138. -. "Israelite Influence at Shishak's Court?" BASOR, no. 233 1151.
-. "Sexual Desire: Abstract and Concrete." Hebrew Studies
(1979),59-62. 22 (1981),59-60.
1139. Green, Barbara. "The Plot of the Biblical Story of Ruth." 1152.
Grottanelli, Cristiano. "The King's Grace and the Helpless
jSOT 23 (1982), 55-68.
Woman: A Comparative Study of the Stories of Ruth,
Charila and Sita." History of Religions 22 (1982), 1-24.
1140. Greenberg, Moshe. "Another Look at Rachel's Theft of the
Teraphirn." jBL 81 (1962),239-248.
1153.
Gruber, Mayer I. "The Midrash in Biblical Research." In The
S%mon Goldman Lectures: Perspectives in jewish Learn-
1141. -. "The Vision of Jerusalem in Ezekiel 8-11: A Holistic In-
ing, vol. 2, pp. 69-80. Edited by Nathaniel Stampfer. Chi-
terpretation." In The Divine Helmsman: Studies on God's
cago: Spertus College of Judaica Press, 1979.
Contro/ of Human Events: Presented to Lou H. Si/berman,
-. "'Will a Woman Forget her Infant?'" Tarbiz 51 (1982),
pp. 143-164. Edited by James L. Crenshaw and Samuel
1154.
Sandmel. New York: Ktav, 1980.
1142. -. "Ezekiel 16: A Panorama of Passions. " In Love and Death
1155.
-. "The Motherhood of God in Second Isaiah." RB 90
in the Ancient Near East: Essays in Honor of Marvin H.
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Pope, pp. 143-150. Edited by J. H. Marks, and R. M.
1156.
-. "Feminine Similes Applied to God in Second Isaiah." Beer
Good. Guilford, Conn.: Four Quarters 1987.
Sheva 2 (1985), 75-84 (in Hebrew).
1143. Greenspahn, Frederick E. "A Typology of Biblical Women."
-. "Hebrew qede:Sh and her Canaanite and Akkadian Cog-
judaism 32 (1983),43-50.
1157.
nates." UF 18 (1986), 133-148.
1144. Greenstein, Edward L. "The Riddie of Samson. " Prooftexts 1
1158.
-. "The Double Three-Part Question in the Book of
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Micah." Tarbiz 56 (1987),583-584 (in Hebrew).
1145. -. "The ScroIl of Esther: A New Translation." Fiction 9, no.
115,?
-. "The qedesh-What Was her Function?" Beer Sheva 3
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1146. Grelot, P. "The Institution of Marriage: Its Evolution in the
1160. -. "The Phenomenal Growth of the Israelite Population in
Old Testament." Conci/ium 6, no. 5 (1970),39-50.
Egypt." BM 33 (1988), 171-176 (in Hebrew).
1147. Grey, Mary C. "'Be My Witness'; Wornen in the Bible Re-
1161. -. "Breast-Feeding Practices in Biblical Israel and in Old
considered." Scripture Bulletin 15 (1984), 12-14.
Babylonian Mesopotamia." jANES 19 (1989), 61-83.
1162. -. "The Reality Behind Ruth 4:16." In Festschrift for Prof.
Haim Gevariahu, pp. 233-235. Edited by B-Z. Lurie and
S. Avramsky. Jerusalem: Israel Society for Biblical Re-
search, 1990 (in Hebrew).
1163. -. "The Reality Behind the Hebrew Expression kt: et
byh." ZAW 103 (1991),271-274.
1164. Gunn, David M. "Traditional Composition in the 'Succession
Narrative'." VT 26 (1976), 214-229.
1165. -. "New Directions in the Study of Biblical Hebrew Narra-
tive." jSOT 39 (1987), 65-75.
1166. . Gunnel, Andre.- "En annan kvinna eller en annans kivinna? .
Ett versttningsproblem i ordsprksboken." Svensk Ex-
egetisk Arsbok 50 (1985), 33-48.
1167. Haag, Herbert. "Die Themata der Sndenfall-Geschichte." In
Lex tua veritas. Festschrift fr Herbert junker, pp. 101-
111. Edited by Heinrich Gross and Franz Mussner. Trier:
Paulinus Verlag, 1991.
1168. Hacket, Jo Ann. "Women's Studies and the Bible." In The
Future ofBiblical Studies. The Hebrew Scriptures, pp. 141-
164. Edited by Richard Elliott Friedman. Semeia. Atlanta:
1169. Hagan, Harry. "Deception as Motif and Theme in 2 Sam 9-
20; 1 Kgs 1-2." Biblica 60 (1979), 301-326.
1170. Halevy, B. " 'And Sarah Oppressed Her' (Gen. 16,6)." BM
11 (1965), 111-116 (in Hebrew).
1171. -. "Sexual and Fire Metaphors in Hosea." BM 22 (1977),
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1173. Hall, Gary. "Origin of the Marriage Metaphor." Hebrew
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1174. Hallo, William W. "As The Seal Upon Thy Heart." Bible Re-
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1175. -. "The First Purim." BA 46 (1983), 19-29.
1176. Halpern, Barueh. "The ResourcefuI Israelite Historian: The
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1177. CharIes E. "Ruth theNew Abraham,
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1178. Hamiel, H. Y. "The Mother of Jacob and Esau (Gen. 28:6)."
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1179. Hamill, Thomas. "The Bible and Its Imagination: A Modest
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1180. Hansen, Traey. "My Name Is Tamar." Priest and People 4
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1181. Hanson, P. "Masculine Metaphors for God and Sex-Dis-
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1182. Hardesty, Nancy. "Women: Seeond Class Citizens?" Eternity
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1183. Harris, Rivkah. Review of Pierre GrimaI, ed., Histoire
mondiale de la Prehistoire et Antiquite. jESHO 9
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1184. Harter, L. Blagg. "The Theme of the Barren Woman in the
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1185. Hartmann, K. C. "More About the RSV and Is. 7:14."
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1186. Hauser, Alan J. "Judges 5: Parataxis in Hebrew Poetry." jBL
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1187. -. "Linguistic and Thematic Links Between Genesis 4:1-16
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92
1188. Heindl, Edith. "Eine bekannte Frau, die Propheten Huldah."
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1189. Heitzmann, Alfonso Alegre. "EI Cantar de los Cantares:
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1190. Held, Moshe. "Studies in Biblical Lexicography in the Light
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44:17-25; Isa. 47; the queen ofheaven
1191. Heller, Jan. "Die Priesterin Rahab." Communio Viatorum 8
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1192. Heltzer, Michael. "A New Approach to the Question of the
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1193. Hendel, Ronald S. "Of Demigods and the Deluge: Towards
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1194.
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1195. Henry, A.-M. "Le mystere de l'homme et de la femme." La
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1196. -. "Eve et son destin." L'Anneau d'Or 57-58 (1954), 189-
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1197. Herrman, Wolfram. "Die Gttershne." Zeitschrift fr Reli-
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1198. Herzog, Kristin. "Die friedfertige Frau?" Evangelische Theo-
logie 47 (1987), 60-82.
1199. Hess, R. S. "Splitting the Adam: The Usage of 'dm in Gen-
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1200. Higgins, Jean M. "Anastasius Sinaita and the Superiority of
Woman." JBL 97 (1978), 253-256. Gen. 3:1-6; feminist
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1201. -. "The Myth of Eve the Temptress." JAAR 44 (1976), 639-
647.
1202. Hindson, E. E. "Development of the Interpretation of Isa
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1203. Hirschberger, R. ' ~ I m a g e et resemblance dans la tradition
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1204. Hffken, Peter. "Notizen zum Textcharakter von Jesaja 7, 1-
17." 12 36 (1980), 321-337.
1205. HoHner, Harry. "Symbols for Masculinity and Femininity."
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1206. Hoftijzer, J. "Absalom and Tamar: A Case of Fratriarchy?"
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1207. -. "David and the Tekoite Woman." vr 20 (1970), 419-
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1208. Holladay, William L. "Jer XXXI 22B Reconsidered: The
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1209. -. "Jeremiah and Women's Liberation." Andover Newton
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1210. Holzinger, H. "Ehe und Frau im vordeuteronomischen
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1211. Hongisto, Leif. "Literary Structure and Theology in the Book
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1212. Hoogewoud, F. J. "Juda en Tamar: Een poging tot kon-
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1213. Hopkins, lan W. J. "The 'Daughters of Judah' Are Really
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94
1214. Hoppe, Leslie J. "The Bible on Wornen: Patterns of Inter-
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1215. Horowitz, Maryanne C. "The Image of God in Man-Is
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1216. Horton, F. L. "Form and Structure in Laws Relating to
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20-33.
1217. Hoshino, Mitsuo. "Divorce in the Bible." Studies in the
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1218. House, H. Wayne."Miscarriage or Premature Birth: Addi-
tional Thoughts on Exodus 21, 22-25. Westminster Theo-
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1219. Houtman
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1220. Huber, Elaine C. "They Weren't Prepared to Hear: A Closer
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1221. Huehnergard, John. "Biblical Notes on 'Some New Akkadian
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phim; levirate marriage; Hos. 2:4-5.
1222. Huey, F. B., Jr. "An Exposition of Malachi." Southwestern
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mixed rnarriage, divorce.
1223. Hull, William E. "Woman in Her Place: Biblical P e r ~ p e c
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1224. Humphrey, W. L. "The Story of Jephthah and the Tragic
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1225. Hurvitz, Avi. "Ruth 2, 7-'A Midrashic Gloss'?" ZAW 95
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1226. Hutter, Manfred. "Das Ehebruch-Verbot im altorientalischen
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gie 59 (1986), 96-104.
1227. Hyman, Frieda C. "Wornen of the Bible." Judaism 5 (1956),
338-347.
1228. -. "The Education of a Queen." Judaism 137 (1986), 78-
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1229. Hyman, Ronald T. "Questions and the Book of Ruth." He-
brew Studies 24 (1983), 17-25.
1230. -. "Questions and Changing Identity in the Book of Ruth."
USQR 39 (1984), 189-201.
1231. Ihromi. "Die Koeniginmutter und der 'amrn ha'arez im Reich
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1232. Iriarte, Maria Eugenia. "Mujer yrninisterio. Antiguo Testa-
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1233. Isser, Stanley. "Two Traditions: The Law of Exodus 21 :22-
23 Revisited." CBQ 52 (1990),30-45.
1234. Istavrides, Vasil T. "The concept of the nature of men and
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21.
1235. Jackson, B. S. "Reflections on Biblical Crirninal Law." JJS 24
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1236. Jacob, Edrnond. "Feminisrne ou Messianisme? Apropos de
Jerernie 31, 22." In Beitrge zur alttestamentliche Theolo-
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1237. -. "Les premiers chapitres de la Genese." MDB 9 (May-
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1238. Jacob, Paul F. "'Cows of Bashan'- A Note on the Interpre-
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1239. Jacobson, Diane. "What is Wisdom; Who is She?" Word and
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1240. Jacobson, H. "A Legal Note on Potiphar's Wife. HTR 69
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1241. Japhet, Sara. "The Relationship Between the Legal Corpora
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1242. Jagendorf, Zvi. '''In the Morning, Behold, It Was Leah':
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1243. Janzen, J. Gerald. "A Certain Woman in the Rhetoric of
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1244. Jasper, G. "Polygamy in the Old Testament." Africa Theo-
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1245. Jay, Nancy. "Sacrifice, Descent, and the Patriarchs." VT 38
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1246. -. "Sacrifice as Remedy for Having Been Born a Woman."
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1247. Jeansonne, Sharon Pace. "Images of Rebekah: From Modern
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1248. Jenny, H. "Le mariage dans Ia Bible." Maison-Dieu 50
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1249. Jensen, Jans J.0rgen Lundager. "Die Frauen der Patriarchen
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1250. -. "Die Frauen der Patriarchen und der Raub der
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1251. Jentgens, Gerhard. "Die Heilige Schrift und die Frauen."
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1251. Jentgens, Gerhard. "Die Heilige Schrift und die Frauen."
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1252. Jepsen, Alfred. "Amah and Schiphchah." VT 8 (1958), 293-
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1253. -. "Die Nebiah in Jes. 8:3." ZAW 72 (1960); 267-268.
1254. Jobling, David. "Mieke Bai on Biblical Narrative." RSR 17,
no. 1 (1991), 1-10.
1255. Johnson, Elizabeth A. "The Incomprehensibility of God and
the Image of God Male and Female." TS 45 (1984), 441-
465.
1256. -. "Feminist Hermeneutics." Chicago Studies 27 (1988),
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1257. Jones, B. W. "Two Misconceptions about the Book of
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1258. -. "The So-Called Appendix to the Book oi Esther."
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1259. Jones, David Clyde. "Malachi on Divorce." Presbyterion 15
(1989), 16-22.
1260. -. "A Note on the LXX of Malachi 2:16." jBL 109 (1990),
683-685.
1261. Jongeling, B. "hz't n'my (Ruth i 19)." VI' 28 (1978), 474-
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1262. Jongeling, K. "Joab and the Tekoite Woman." JEOL 30
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1263. Joon, P. "Les unions entre les 'Fils de Die' et les 'Filles des
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1264. Julian, A. K. "God as a Mother; Is. 49:14-26 and Tiru-
vacaken." Indian Theological Studies 20 (1983), 109-136.
1265. Junker, H. "Die Frau im alttestamentlischen Ekstatischen
Kult." Theologie und Glaube 21 (1929),68-74.
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Suffering." Journal of Religion 67 (1987), 164-182. Jer. 4;
Lam 2; mother bereft of children; pollutant female
1267. Kaiser, Walter C. "Divorce in Malachi 2:10-16." Criswell
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1268. Kamesar, Adam. "The Virgin of Isaiah 7:14: The Philological
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1269. Kaplan, Lawrence. "'And the Lord Sought to Kill Hirn'
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Zipporah
1270. Katzenstein, H. J. "Who Were the Parents of Athaliah?" IEJ
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1271. Katzoff, Louis. "What's in a Biblical Name?' DD 9 (1981),
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1272. -. "From the Nuzi Tablets." DD 13 (1985), 216-219.
Sarah, Rebekah, Hagar; Gen. 12; 16; 20; 26
1273. -. "Hosea and the Fertility Cult." DD 15 (1986/87), 84.-87.
Hos.; 2 Kgs. 23:7
1274. Kearney, Peter J. "Marriage and Spirituality in the Song of
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1275. Keel, O. "Die Stellung der Frau in der Erzhlung von Schp-
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1276. Kellenbach, Katharina von. "Antisemitismus in biblischer
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im Lande die Kriege.
1277. Keller, Carl A. "Die Gefhrung der Ahnfrau." ZAW 66
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1278. Kelly, William. "First and Second Samuel." TBT 100 (1979),
1885-1892. David's wives, Tamar
1279. Kessler, Martin. "Genesis 34-An Interpretation." Reformed
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1280. -. "The Law of Manumission in Jer 34." BZ, NF, 15
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1281. Kessler, Rainer. des Kindes durch die israelitische
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1282. -. "Die Frau als Gehilfin des Mannes? Gen 2, 18.20 und das
biblische Verstndnis von 'Hilfe'." DBAT 24 (1987), 120-
126.
1283. Keukens, Karlheinz H. "Richter 11, 37f.: Rite de passage und
bersetzungsprobleme." BN 19 (1982), 41-42. Judg.
11:37-38; Jephthah's daughter, betulim
1284. Kevers, Paul. "Etude litteraire de Genese XXXIV." RB 87
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1285. -. "Les 'fils de Jacob' a Sichern." In Pentateuchal and Deu-
teranomistic Studies: Papers Read at the XIIIth IOSOT
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mans and J. Lust. Leuven: University Press and Uitgeverij
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1286. Kieffer, Rene. "Feministteologi och exegetik." Svensk
Teolagisk Kvartalskrift 61 (1985), 115-122.
1287. Kikawada, I. "Two Notes on Eve." JL 91 (1972),33-37.
1288. Kilian, R. "Die Geburt des Immanuel aus der Jungfrau; Jes.
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1289. Kimball, Gayle. "A Theology of Femininity: The Woman's
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1290. King, Philip J. "Hosea's Method of Hope." BTB 12 (1982),
91-95. Hos. 1-2
1291. Kipper, J. Balduino. "0 problema da almah nos estudo re-
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n.s.,l (1964), 180-195. Isa. 7:14;
100 Women in the Bib/ical World
1292. -. "A mulher no Antigo Testamento." Revista de Cultura
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1293. Kitchen, K. A. "Proverbs and Wisdom Books of the Ancient
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31
1294. Klaus, Natan. "Abigail's Speech-A Literary Analysis." BM
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1295. Klein, Hans. "Natur und Recht. Israels Umgang mit dem
Hochzeitsbrauchtum seiner Umwelt." TZ 37 (1981),3-18.
Virginity, marriage regulations, Canaan, Gen. 2-3; 34; 38;
Judg. 21; Hos. 1-4; Cant. 3:8
1296. Klein, Ralph W. "'The Song of Hannah' (1 Sam 2, 1-10)."
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1297. Kleinig, John W. "The Banquet of Wisdom-An Exegetical
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1298. Knierim, Rolf. "The Role of the Sexes in the Old Testa-
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1299. Knight, Douglas A. "Moral Values and Literary Traditions:
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1300. Knox, W. L. "The Divine Wisdom." JTS 38 (1937), 230-
237.
1301. Kogut, S. "She Shall Be Called 'issa Because She Was Taken
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1302. Knig, Eduard. "Deborah and Hannah." Homiletic Review
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1303. -. "Die Sexualitt im Hohenlied und ihre Grenze." Zeit-
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101
tfttAs'." Deltio Biblikon Meleton, n.s. 1 (1980), 2 9 ~ 4 0 .
Lot's wife; Gen. 19:12-28
1305. Kosmala, H. "The Bloody Husband." VI' 12 (1962), 14-18.
Ex. 4:24-26; Zipporah
1306. Kottackal, Joseph. "Morality of Sex in the Old Testament."
Bible Bhashyam 7 (1981), 147-159.
1307. Kraeling, Emil G. "The Significance and Origin of Gen 6:1-
4." JNES 6 (1947), 193-208.
1308. Kramer, S. N. "The biblical 'Song of Songs' and the Su-
merian love songs." Expedition 5, no. 1 (1962),25-31.
1309. Krause, Martin. "11 Sam 11
4
und das Konzeptionsoptimum."
ZAW 95 (1983), 434-437. Lev. 15:19-28; conception;
gynecology
1310. Krebs, Walter. "Lilith-Adams erste Frau." Zeitschrift fr
Religions-und Geistesgeschichte 27, no. 2 (1975), i41-
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1311. Kreuzer, Siegfried. "Gott als Mutter in Hos 11?" Theo-
logische Quartalschrift 169 (1989), 123-132.
1312. Krinetzki, Leo. "Die erotische Psychologie des Hohen Lieds."
Theologische Quartalschrift 150 (1970),404-416.
1313. Kronholm, Tryggve. "Polygami och monogami i Gamla
Testamentet." Svensk Exegetisk Arsbok 47 (1982), 48-92.
1314. Kruger, P. A. "Israel the Harlot (Hos. 2:4-9)." JNSL 11
(1983), 107-116.
1315. -. "The Hem of the Garment in Marriage. The Meaning of
the Symbolic Gesture in Ruth 3:9 and Ezek. 16:9." JNSL
12 (1984), 79-86.
1316. -. "Promiscuity or Marriage Fidelity? A Note on Provo 5:
15-18." JNSL 13 (1987),61-68. metaphors for vagina
1317. Kruse, H. "Alma Redemptoris Mater." Trierer Theologische
Zeitschrift 74 (1965), 15-36.
1318. Kuder, Laurence. "A Strong Case for Hebrew MAR." UF 16
(1984), 111-118. Marah (Ruth 1 :10), Miriam
1319. Labuschagne, C. J. "The Similes in the Book of Hosea." Ou-
Testamentiese Werkgemeenskap in Suid-Afrika (1964/65),
64-76.
1320. Lacheman, Ernst R. "Apropos of Isaiah 7, 14." journal of
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1321. Lachs, Samue1 T. "Hadassah That Is Esther." jSj 10 (1979),
219-220.
1322. Lambert, G., S. J. "Le drame du jardin d'Eden." Nouvelle
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1323. Lambert, J. "Un-fettering the Word: a call for co ar ci al
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1974),3-26.
1324. Landau, Lazare. "Rache1 et Lea." MDB 30 (Aug.-Sep. 1983),
50-51.
1325. Landy, Francis. "The Song of Songs and the Garden of
Eden." jBL 98 (1979), 513-528. Contends that Cant. is a
commentary on Gen. 2-3. Also refers to Lev. 18; 19.
1326. -. "Beauty and the Enigma: An Inquiry into Some Inter-
related Episodes of the Song of Songs." jSOT 17 (1980),
55-106.
1327. Lang, Bernhard. "Die sieben Sulen der Weisheit (Sprche IX
1) in Licht israelitischer Architektur." vr 33 (1983), 488-
491. Refers to Dame Wisdom.
1328. Langemeyer, Bernhard. "Versuche einer Integration der
kanaanischen Fruchtbarkeitsreligion in der Glauben an
Jahwe." Franziskanische Studien 69 (1987), 69-78. Anat.
1329. Langlamet, F. "Josue 11, etles traditions de I'Hexateuque. Ill.
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1330. -. "Absalom et les concubines de son pere. Recherches sur 11
Sam. XVI, 21-22." RB 84 (1977), 161-209.
103
1331. Lanser, Susan S. "(Feminist) Criticism in the Garden: Infer-
ring Genesis 2-3." Semeia 41 (1988), 67-68.
1332. Lasine, Stuart. "Guest and Host in Judges 19, Lot's Hospi-
tality in an Inverted World." jSOT 29 (1984),37-59.
1333. -. "Jehoram and -the Cannibal Mothers (2 Kings 6:24-33):
Solomon's Judgment in an Inverted World." jSOT 50
(1991),27-53.
1334. Lattey, Cuthbert. "The Term cAlmah in Is. 7:14." CBQ 9
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1335. -. "Various Interpretations of Is. 7:14." CBQ 9 (1947),
147-154.
1336. Lawlor, lohn I. "Theology and Art in the Narrative of the
Ammonite War (2 Samue1 10-12)." Grace Theological
journal 3 (1982), 193-205.
1337. Lawton, Robert B., S.}. "Genesis 2:24: Trite or Tragic?" JBL
105 (1986),97-98.
1338. -. "1 Samuel 18: David, Merab, and Michal." CBQ 51
(1989),423-425.
1339. Le Deaut, R. "Miryam soeur de Moise, et Maria mere de
Messie." Biblica 45 (1964), 198-219.
1340. Ledrus, M. "Rebecca 0 della benevolenza." Rivista dei Clero
Italiano 47 (1966), 189-205.
1341. Lee, G. M. "Song of Songs V 16, 'My be10ved is white and
ruddy'." vr 21 (1971), 609.
1342. Legrand, L. "Biblical Anthropology or Anthropologies." In-
dian Theological Studies 14 (1977),349-367:
1343. -. "Virginity in the Bible." Bible Bhashyam 3 (1977), 178-
191.
1344. Lehmann, M. R. "Biblical Oaths." ZAW 81 (1969), 74-92.
1345. Lehming, S. "Zur Erzhlung von der Geburt der }akobs-
shne." vr 13 (1963), 74-81. Rachel, Leah, Zilpah, Bil-
hah, Dinah, Gen. 29:31-30:24
1346. Leibowitz, Eliyahu, and Leibowitz, Gilah. "Solomon's Judg-
ment." BM 35 (1989-90), 242-244 (in Hebrew). 1 Kgs.
3:16-28
1347. Lemche, N. P. "Rachel and Lea. Or: On the Survival of Out-
dated Paradigms in the Study of the Origin of Israel, 1."
Scandinavian journal of the Old Testament 1-2 (1987),
127-153.
1348. Leonard, Jeanne M. "La femme de Teqoa et le fils de David:
etude de 2 Samuel 14:1-20." Communio Viatorum 23
(1980), 135-148.
1349. Lettinga, J. P. "Das alttestamentliche Magnifikat." In Seine
Stimme gehrt und keinen Fabeln gefolgt. Festschrift fr
Samuel R. Klling zum 60. Geburtstag = Fundamentum,
Sondernummer, Heft 1. Edited by Reinhard Mller. Basel:
Immanue], 1984. 1 Sam. 2:1-10; Hannah
1350. Levenson, Jon D. "1 Samuel 25 as Literature and as His-
tory." CBQ 40 (1978), 11-28. Abigail, Bathsheba
1351. Levenson, Jon D., and Halpern, Baruch. "The Political
Impact of David's Marriages." jBL 99 (1980),502-518.
1352. Levenson, Paul H. "David and Michal: A Tragic Marriage."
CCARjournal16, no. 4 (1969), 79-82.
1353. Leviant, Curt. "The Narrative Art of the Book of Esther."
National jewish Monthly 93 (March 1979), 55-56.
1354. Levinas, E. "Judaism and the Feminine Element." judaism 18
(1969), 30-38.
1355. Levine, B. A. "In Praise of the Israelite Mispl).a: Legal
Themes in the Book of Ruth." In The Quest for the King-
dom of God: Studies in Honor of George E. Mendenhall,
pp. 95-106. Edited by H. B. Huffmon, F. A. Spina, and A.
R. W. Green. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1983.
1356. Levine, M. H. "Irony and Morality in Bathsheha's Tragedy."
CCAR journal 22, no. 3 (1975), 69-77.
1357. -. "A Biblical Protest Against the Violation of Women.'; DD
8 (1979), 194-196.
105
1358. -. "A Protest Against Rape in the Story of Deborah." BM 25
(1979), 83-84 (in Hebrew).
1359. -. "HlHL" BM 29 (1983/84), 180-181 (in Hebrew). Ar-
gues that the word me ans "dancing girl."
1360. Levoratti, Armondo J. "Observaciones sobre Gen 2." RivB 25
(1963), 12-17.
1361. Levy, Ludwig. "Sexualsymbolik in der Simsonsage."
Zeitschrift fr Sexualwissenschaft 3 (1916),256-271.
1362. Levy-Bruhl, H. "Le mariage de Booz." Evidences 17 (1951),
29-33. Ruth; Deut. 25:5-10
1363. Lichtenstein, Murray H. "Chiasm and Symmetry in Proverbs
31." CBQ 44 (1982), 202-211.
1364. Lindars, B a r n a b a s ~ '''Rachel Weeping for her Children'-
Jeremiah 31:15-22." jSOT 12 (1979), 47-62.
1365. -. "Deborah's Song: Women in the Old Testament." BjRL
65 (1982-83), 158-175.
1366. Linder, Helgo. "Spricht Gen 2, 24 von der Ehe?"
Theologische Beitrge 19 (1988),23-32.
1367. Lipinski, E. "Psalm 68, 7 and the Role of the Kosarot." An-
nali delr Instituto Orientale di Napoli 21 (1971), 532-
537.
1368. Liptzin, Sol. "Lady Asenath." DD 7 (1978),51-61.
1369. -. "Solomon and the Queen of Sheba." DD 7 (1978), 172-
185.
1370. -. "Princess Hagar." DD 8 (1979), 114-126.
1371. -. "The Love of David and Michal." DD 10 (1981),48-58.
1372. -. "Rahab of Jericho." DD 9 (1981), 111-119.
1373. Livingston, Dennis H. "The Crime of Leviticus XXIV, 11."
VT 36 (1986), 352-354.
1374. Livio, Jean-Bernard. "Ruth, la moabite mere en Israel." MDB
30 (Aug.-Sept.-Oct. 1983),30-31.
1375. Ljung, Inger. "Tolkning av GT: s utsagor om kvinnor."
Svensk Exegetisk Arsbok 49 (1984), 44-57. Gen. 1-3; I
Kgs. 9:20-38; 2 Ch. 8:7-18; foreign wornen, exclusion of
wornen frorn the cult; ferninist herrneneutics
1376. Loader, J. A. "Esther as a Novel with Different Levels of
Meaning." ZAW 90 (1978),417-421.
1377. Loewenstarnm, Samuel E. "The Laws of Adultery and Mur-
der in Biblical and Mesopotamian Law." In Comparative
Studies in Biblical and Ancient Oriental Literatures, pp.
146-153. AOAT 24. Edited by S. E. Loewenstamm. Neu-
kirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag/Kevelaer: Butzon &
Bercker, 1980.
1378. -. "The Laws of Adultery and Murder in Biblical. and
Mesopotamian Law." BM 8-9 (1962),55-59 (in Hebrew).
1379. -. "Exodus XXI 22-25." vr 22 (1977), 352-360. abortion
1380. Lohfink, Norbert. "Die Gattung der 'Historischen Kurz-
geschichte' in den letzten Jahren von Juda und in der Zeit
des babylonischen Exils." ZAW 90 (1978), 319-347.
Huldah
1381. -. "War Kohelet ein Frauenfiend? Ein Versuch, die Logik
und den Gegenstand von Koh., 7, 23-8, 1a herauszu-
finden." In La Sagesse de l'Ancien Testament, pp. 259-
287. Edited by Maurice Gilbert. Leuven: Leuven Univer-
sity Press and Peeters, 1990.
1382. Long, Burke O. "A Darkness Between Brothers: Solomon
and Adonijah." JSOT 19 (1981), 79-94. Bathsheba,
Tamar, succession narrative
1383. Lopez, Felix Garcia. "DeI 'Yahwista' al 'Deuteronomtsto.'
Estudio critico de Genesis 24 (fin)." RB 87 (1980), 514-
559. Rebekah
1384. Loretz, Oswald. "Theme of the Ruth Story." CBQ 22 (1960),
391-399.
1385. -. "Zum Problem des Eros im Hohenlied." BZ 8 (1964),
191-216.
1386. -. "Gtter und Frauen (Gen 6, 1-4). Ein Paradigma zu:
Altes Testament-Ugarit." Bibel und Leben 8 (1967), 120-
127.
1387. "Lot's Wife: A Study in Detachment." Expository Times 28
(1916/1917),445-449.
1388. Lucas, Fr. Maria, O.F.M. CAP. "Origin of Marriage in the
Bible." Bible Bhashyam 3 (1977), 161-177. J, P, Enkidu
and Gilgamesh.
1389. Luke, A. B. "Juda and Tamar (Gen 38)." Scriptura 17 (1965), .
52-61.
1390. Luke, K. "Abraham and Sarah in Egypt." Indian Ecclesiastical
Review 4 (1965), 3-19.
1391. -. "The Rape of Dinah." The Living Word 80 (1974), 99-
113.
1392. -. "Human Love: the Tradition of the Old Testament."
Jeevadhara 8 (1978),413-431.
1393. -. "Two Birth Narratives in Genesis." Indian Theological
Studies 17 (1980), 155-180. Gen. 25:19-26; 38:27-30
1394. -. "The Nephilim were on the Earth (Gen 6:4)." Bible
Bhashyam 9 (1983), 279-301.
1395. -. "Indo-European Parallels to Genesis 19:30-38." Indian
Theological Studies 21 (1984),322-342. Lot's daughters
1396. -. "The Queen of Sheba (1 Kg. 10:1-13).'" Indian Theo-
logical Studies 23 (1986), 248-272.
1397. Luria, Y. "Feminism in the Bible." Congress Bi-Weekly 41
(Dec. 6, 1974), 17-19.
1398. Lurie, B-Z. "Gezer-sillubitn for Pharaoh's Daughter." BM
28 (1982/83), 103-106 (Hebrew).
1399. Lyons, Ellen Louise. "A Note on Proverbs 31:10-31." In The
'.--
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Listening Heart. Essays in Wisdom and the Psalms in Hon-
or ofRoland E. Murphy, O. Carm., pp. 237-245. Edited by
Kenneth G. Hoglund, et al. JSOT Supplementary Series,
no. 58. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1987.
1400. Lys, Daniel. "Le cantique des cantiques. Pour une sexualite
non-ambigue." Lumiere et Vie 28 (1979),39-53.
1401. McBride, Mary. "Daughters of Eve: The Role of o ~ e n in
'Fortunate Falls' among Biblical Heroes." Response in
Worship, Music, and the Arts 15, nos. 2 and 3 (1975), 20-
22.
1402. McCarter, P. Kyle, Jr. "Plots, True or False: The Succession
Narrative as Court Apologetic." Interpretation 35 (1981),
355-367.
1403. McCarthy, Carmel. "The David Genealogy in the Book of
Ruth." Proceedings of the Irish Biblical Association 9
(1985),53-62.
1404. McCreesh, T. "Wisdom as Wife: Proverbs 31:10-31." RB 92
(1985),25-46.
1405. MacDonald, J. R. B. "The Marriage of Hosea." Theology 67
(1964), 149-156.
1406. MacDonald, John. "The Status and Role of the Na'ar in
Israelite Society." JNES 35 (1976), 147-170. Discusses
also na 'arah and 'almah.
1407. McEvenue, Sean S. "Comparison of Narrative Styles in the
Hagar Stories." Semeia 3 (1975), 64-80.
1408. McGee, Daniel B. "Hosea: The Man and His Message."
Biblical Illustrator 13 (Spring 1987), 25-29.
1409. McGrath, B. "Refleetions on Psalm 45." TBT 26 (1966),
1837-1842.
1410. McHatten, Mary T. "Biblical Roots ofWomen." Emmanuel
89 (1983), 392-395. Gen. 1-4; Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel,
Deborah, Judith, Esther
1411. -. "The Prophetie Call to Women: Isaiah, Jeremiah, and
r
1
I
i
Ezekiel." Emmanuel 96 (1990), 398-403. Isa. 3:16-4:1;
32:9-14; Jer. 44:15-30; Ezek. 13:17-23
1412. McKane, W. "Ruth and Boaz." TGUOS 19 (1963),29-40.
1413. -. "Poison, Trial By Ordeal, and the Cup of Wrath." vr 30
(1980),474-492.
1414. McKay, J. W. "Helel and the Dawn-goddess: A Re-examina- '
tion of the Myth in Isaiah XIV 12-15." vr 20 (1970),
451-464.
1415. McKeating, Henry. "Sanctions Against Adultery in Ancient
Israelite Society, with some reflections on Methodology in
the study of Old Testament Ethics." JSOT 11 (1979), 57-
72.
1416. McKenzie, J. L. "The Elders in the Old Testament." Bip/ica
40 (1959), 522-540. Deut. 22:13-21
1417. McPheeters, W. M. "Women in the Ancient Hebrew Cult."
Christian Faith and Life, o.s., 3 (1899), 72-74.
1418. Maccoby, Hyam. "Sex According to the Song of Songs."
Commentary 67, no. 6 (1979), 53-59.
1419. Macht, David I. "A Scientific Appreciation of Leviticus 12:1-
5." JBL 52 (1933), 253-260.
1420. Magonet, J. "The Liberal and the Lady: Esther Revisited."
Judaism 29 (1980), 167-176.
1421. Maigret, J. "Samuel, Sal et la sorciere d'En-Dor." Bible et
Terre Sainte 124 (1970), 7.
1422. Maillot, A. "Sexe dans la Bible." Foi et Vie 74, no. 4 (1975),
53-75.
1423. -. "Misogynie et Ancien Testament." Foi et Vie 75, no. 2
(1976),36-47.
1424. Malkiel, Sh. "A Propos of Reading." Lesonenu 47 (1982/83),
293 (in Hebrew). Hos. 2:4; mippneh a euphemism for
genitals.
1425. Mannheimer, Louise. "Jewish Wornen of Biblical and Medie-
val Times. " In Papers of the ]ewish WomenJs Congress
Held at Chicago, September 4
J
5j 6j and 7
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1893, pp. 15-
25. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1894.
1426. Manor, Dale W. "A Brief History of Levirate Marriage as It
Relates to the Bible." Restoration Quarterly 27 (1984),
129-142. Gen. 38; Deut. 25; Ruth
1427. Marcus, David. "The Barren Woman of Psalrns 113:9 and
the Housewife: An Antiphrastic Dysphemism." ]ANES 11
(1979), 81-84.
1428. Margalith, Othniel. "Dor and En-Dor." ZAW 97 (1985),
109-111.
1429. -. "More Sarnson Legends." VT 36 (1986), 397-405.
Manoah's wife
1430. -. "Samson's Riddle and Samson's Magic Locks." VI' 3 6
(1986), 225-234.
1431. -. "The Legends of Samson/Heracles." VI' 37 (1987), 63-
70. Delilah
1432. Margulies, H. "Das Rtsel der Beine im Alten Testament."
VT 24 (1974),56-76. Deborah
1433. Marocco, Giuseppe. "Alcuni studi recenti sul Cantico dei
Cantici." RivB 35 (1987), 69-77.
1434. Marrs, Rick. "The Sons of God (Genesis 6:1-4)." Restoration
Quarterly 23 (1980),218-224.
1435. MarshalI, J. "Remarks on Dr. Chotzner's Paper 'On the Life
and Social Position of Hebrew Woman in Biblical Times'. "
SBAP 6 (1883-84), 222-224.
1436. Martin, D. C. "Human Sexuality in the Old Testament." Bib-
lical Illustrator 12 (Summer 1986), 35-37.
1437. Marzel, Y. "The Sons of God arid the Daughters of Man:
Development and Destruction." BM 27 (1981/82), 203-
219 (in Hebrew).
-r"
1 .. '
;
111
1438. Mathon, G. "Luxure; La sexualite humaine dans l'AT et
NT." Catholicisme 8 (1977), 9-18.
1439. Mauldin, F. Louis. "Singularity and a Pattern of Sin, Punish-
ment, and Forgiveness." Perspectives in Religious Studies
10 (1983),41-50. Sarai, barren wife stories, Hagar
1440. May, H. G. "The Fertility Cult in Hosea." A]SL 48 (1932),
73-98
1441. -. "Ruth's Visit to the High Place at Bethlehern." ]JMS,
1939, pp. 75-78. Claims that there underlies Ruth 3 cultic
coitus in a holy place
1442. Meek, Jarnes. "Canticles and the Tammuz Cult." A]SL 39
(1922-23), 1-14.
1443. Meer, W. van der. "De lofzang van Hanna." Gereformeerd
Theologisch Tijdschrift 76 (1976), 193-204. 1 Sam. 2:1-
10.
1444. Meier, Samucl A. "Linguistic Clues on the Date and Canaan-
ite Origin of Genesis 2:23-24." CBQ 53 (1991), 18-24.
1445. Meijer, Alexander, and Meijer, Amos. "Matrimonial Influ-
ence in the Bible." DD 13 (1984/85), 81-87, 97.
1446. Meilvitz, A. "The Fast of Esther." Sinai 64 (1969),215-242
(in Hebrew).
1447. Meinhold, Arndt. "Zu Aufbau und Mitte des Estherbuches."
VI' 33 (1983),435-445.
1448. -. Vierfaches: Strukturprinzip und Hufigkeitsfigur in Prov
1-9." BN 33 (1986), 53-79.
1449. Meller, Vilrna. "Horner and Judges." Bible Bhashyam 9
(1983),95-103.
1450. Mendelsohn, 1. "The Conditional Sale into Slavery of Free-
Born Daughters in Nuzi and in the Law of Ex. 21:7-11."
]AOS 55 (1935), 190-195.
1451. Mendenhall, George E. "Lawand Covenant in Israel and the
Ancient Near East." BA 17 (1954),26-46; 50-76.
1452. -. "The Hebrew Conquest of Canaan." BA 25 (1962), 66-
87.
1453. -. "Sodal Organization in Early Israel." In Magnalia Dei:
The Mighty Acts of God, pp. 132-151. Edited by Frank
Moore Cross, Jr.; Werner E. Lemke, and Patrick D.
Miller, Jr. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1976.
1454. Merli, Dino. "La creazione e Ia dignita della donna." Bibbia e
Oriente 12 (1970), 97-103.
1455. Merodie, Marie deo "'A Helper Fit for Hirn': Gen. 2:18-24."
Revue theologique de Louvain 8 (1977), 329-352.
1456. Mettinger, Tryggve N. D. "Eva och revbenet. Manligt och
kvinnligt i exegetisk belysning." Svensk Teologisk Kvartal-
skrift 54 (1978),55-64. Gen. 1:26-31; 2-3; Sumo Enki
and Ninhursag
1457. -. "The Study of the Gottesbild. Problems and Suggestions."
Svensk Exegetiskrsbok 54 (1989), 109-117. Gen. 1:27
1458. Meyers, Carol L. "The Roots of Restriction: Women in Early
Israel." BA 41 (1978),91-103.
1459. -. "Procreation, Production, and Protection: MaIe-Femaie
Balance in Early Israel." jAAR 51 (1983),569-593.
1460. -. "Gender Imagery in the Song of Songs." HAR 10 (1986),
209-223.
1461. -. "Gender Roles and Genesis 3:16 Revisited." In The Word
of the Lord Shall Go Forth: Essays in Honor of David Noel
Freedman, pp. 337-354. Edited by Carol L. Meyers and
M. O'Connor. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1983.
1462. -. "Of Drums and Damsels: Women's Performance in An-
dent Israel." BA 54 (1991), 16-27.
1463. -. "Text Without Context: On BIoom's Misreading of J."
lowa Review 21 (1991), 60-65.
1464. -. "'To Her Mother's House': Considering a Counterpart
to the Israelite Bet ' b." In The Bible and the Politics of
Exegesis: Essays in Honor of Norman K. Gottwald on His
113
Sixty-fifth Birthday, pp. 39-51; 304-307. Edited by David
Jobling, Peggy L. Day and Gerald T. Sheppard. Cleveland:
Pilgrim Press, 1991.
1465. Michaelson, W. "Neither Male nor Female: The Thanks-
giving Conference on Biblical Feminism." Sojourners 5
Gan. 1976), 10-12.
1466. "Michal." Expository Times. 29 (1917-1918),221-224 ..
1467. Michel, Walter L. "Btwlh, 'Virgin' or 'Virgin (Anath)' in Job
31:1?" Hebrew Studies 23 (1982),59-66.
1468. -. "A Theological Colloquium on An. Inclusive Language
Lectionary: Anthropology and Theology of the Old Testa-
ment." DIALOG 24 (1985), 42-49. Critique of feminist
hermeneutics; matriarchs; Gen. 1: 1-2:3
1469. Middlekoop, P. "The Significance of the Story of the 'Bloody
Husband' (Ex. 4:24-26)." South East Asia journal of
Theology 8 (1966), 34-38.
1470. Milgrom, Jacob. "The Case of the Suspected Adulteress,
Num. 5: 11-31: Redaction and Meaning." In The Creation
of Sacred Literature, pp. 69-75. Edited by Richard Elliot
Friedman. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
1471. Miller, Clyde M. "Maidenhood and Virginity in A n ~ i e n t
Israel." Restoration Quarterly 22 (1979), 242-246.
1472. Miller, John W. "Depatriarchalizing in Biblical Interpreta-
tion." CBQ 48 (1986), 609-616. Critique of Trible's
article by the same tide, q.v. Num. 23:19; 1 Sam. 15:29;
Hos.l1:9
1473. MiIls, Watson E. "Childbearing in Ancient Times." Biblical
Illustrator 13 ( Fall 1986), 54-56.
1474. Milne, Pamela J .. "Eve and Adam: Is a Feminist Reading
Possible?" Bible Review 4, no. 3 Gune 1988), 12-21, 39.
Feminist hermeneutics and Gen. 2-4
1475. -. "The Patriarchal Stamp of Scripture." jFSR 5 (1989), 17-
34. Gen. 2-3
: ~
1476. Mine, Rachel. "Le rle du choeur feminin dans le 'Livre de
Ruth'." Bible et Vie Chretienne 77 (1967), 71-76.
1477. -. "Job et son epouse." Israelitisches Wochenblatt 71
(1971),54-55.
1478. Mink, Hans-Aage. "Indtil d0den shiIler jer ad." In Teksten &
Tolkninger, pp. 155-174. Edited by K. Jeppesen and F. H.
Cryer. Amis: Aarhus, 1986.
1479. Minkoff, Harvey, and Melamed, Evelyn B. "Was the First
Feminist Bible in Yiddish?" Moment 16, nOt 3 Uune
1991),28-33, 52.
1480. Miscall, Peter D. "Literary Unity in Old Testament Nar-
rative." Semeia 15 (1979),27-44. Gen. 12:10-13; 20; 26:
1-11; 1 Sam. 25; 2 Sam. 11
1481. Mitchell, Mike. "The Go'el: Kinsman Redeemer." Biblical
Illustrator 13 (Fa111986), 13-15. Ruth
1482. Mittwoch, H. "The Story oi the Blasphemer Seen in a Wider
Context." VT 15 (1965),386-389. Lev. 24:10-23
1483. MoHn, G. "Die Stellung der Gebira im Staate Juda." 12 10
(1954), 161-175. queen mother; gebira
1484. Mollenkott, Virginia R. "Women and the Bible: AChallenge
to Male Interpretation." Sojourners 5 (Feb. 1976),20-25.
1485. Moltmann, Jrgen. "Die Bibel und das Patriarchat: offene
Fragen zur Diskissuion ber feministische Theologie."
Evangelische Theologie 42 (1982), 480-484.
1486. Moneure, John. "Sarah and Milkah." Review and Expositor
27 (1930), 62-64.
1487. Monlobou, Louis. "Modernite de la femme biblique." Bul-
letin de litterature ecctesiastique 82 (1981),243-262.
1488. Moore, Carey A. "Archaeology and the Book of Esther." BA
38 (1975), 62-79 + 8 fig.
1489. -. "Esther Revisited Again: A Further Examination of Cer-
tain Esther Studies of the Past Ten Years." RAR 7 (1983),
169-186.
1490. -. "Eight Questions Most Frequently Asked About the Book
of Esther." Bible Review 3, nOt 1 (1987), 16-31.
1491. Morag, S. "On Semantic and Lexical Features in the Lang-
uage uf Hosea." Tarbiz 53 (1983/84), 489-511 (in He-
brew).
1492. Moreno, Antonio C. "Significado de la sexuelidad en el
Antiguo Testamento." Teologfa y Vida 18 (1977), 251-
268.
1493. -. "La exegesis de Genesis 2,4b-3,24." Teologfa y Vida 19
(1978),259-278.
1494. Morey, Ann-Janine. "American Myth and Biblical
Interpretation in the Fiction of Harriet Beecher Stowe and
Mary E. Wilkins Freeman." JAAR 55 (1987), 741-763.
1495. Morgenstern, Julian. "Beena Marriage in Ancient Israel and
Its HistoricalImplications." ZAW 47 (1929), 91-110; 48
(1931), 46-58.
1496. -. "The 'Bloody Husband' (?) Ex 4, 24-26 Once Again."
HUCA 34 (1963), 35-70.
1497. Morlan, Gail. "Toward a Biblical Understanding of Woman-
hood." Ministry 8 (1968), 3-9. .
1498. Morrison, Martha A. "The Jacob and Laban Narrative in
Light of Near Eastern Sourees." BA 46 (1983), 155-164.
Rachel, Leah
1499. Mosca, Paul G. "Who Seduced Whom? A Note on Joshua
15:18/Judg. 1:14." CBQ 46 (1984), 18--22. Achsah
1500. Motyer, J. A. "Context and Content in the Interpretation of
Isaiah 7, 14." Tyndale Bulletin 21 (1970), 118-125.
1501. Mller, Hans-Peter. "Mann und Frau im Wandel der
Wirklichkeitersfahrung Israels." Zeitschrift fr Religions
und Geistesgeschichte 17 (1965), 1-19. Gen. 29; 1 Sam.
19; Judg. 14; 16.
1502. Mller, Iris, andRamingo, Ida. "Women and Judaism." Ori-
entierung 51 (1987), 30-32; reprinted in Theology Digest
34 (1987),216-218. Gen. 1:27; Deut. 24:1-4
1503. Mulder, Martin Jay. "Versuch zur Deutung von sokenet in 1
Kon 1 2,4." VT 22 (1972),43-54.
1504. Mulier, Stockton. "The Woman: A Biblical Theme." Aus-
tra/ian]ournal ofBiblical Archaeology 6 (1973), 106-112.
1505. Mullo-Weir, C. J. "The Alleged Hurrian Wife-Sister Motif in
Genesis." TGUOS 22 (1967), 14-25.
1506. Muntingh, L. H. "Married Life in Israel According to the
Book of Hosea." Ou-Testamentiese Werkgemeenskep in
Suid-Afrika 7 (1964/65), 77-84.
1507. Murnion, P. J. "The Bible Teaching on Sexuality." Dun-
woodie Review 7 (1967), 162-176.
1508. Murphy, Roland E. "The Unity of the Song of Songs." VT 29
(1979),436-443.
1509. -. "Wisdom and Creation." ]BL 104 (1985),3-11.
1510. -. "Cant. 2:8-17-A Unified Poem?" In Melanges bib/iques
et orientaux en f'honneur de M. Mathias Delcor, pp. 305-
310. Edited by A. Caquot, S. Legasse, and M. Tardieu.
AOAT 215. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag!
Kevelaer: Butzon & Bercker, 1985.
1511. -. "Proverbs and Theological Exegesis." In The Hermeneuti-
cal Quest: Essays in Honor of ]ames Luther Mays, pp. 87-
95. Edited by D. G. Miller. Princeton Theological Mono-
graphs 4. Allison Park, Pa.: Pickwick, 1986. Lady Wisdom
1512. -. "Wisdom's Song in Proverbs 1:20-33." CBQ 48 (1986),
456-460.
1513. -. "Dance and Death in the Song of Songs." In Love and
Death in the Ancient Near East: Essays in Honor of Marvin
H. Pope, pp. 117-119. Edited by J. H. Marks and R. M.
Good. Guilford, Conn.: Four Quarters, 1987. Cant. 7:1ff;
8:6
1514. Murray, D. F. "Narrative Structure and Technique in the
Deborah-Barak Story, Judges IV, 4-22." In Studies in the
Historical Books of the Old Testament, pp. 155-189. Edit-
ed by J. A. Emerton. VTS, vol. 30. Leiden: E. J. Brill,
1979.
1515. MusseIl, Mary-Louis. "Guile and Power in the Lives of the
Wives of the Patriarchs." Proceedings, Eastern Great Lakes
and Midwest Bib/ical Societies 7 (1987), 173-181.
1516. Myers, A. E. "The Use of 'almah in the Old Testament."
Lutheran Quarterly 7 (1955), 137-140.
1517. Nadel, M. "Male and Female." BM 23 (1977), 80-85 (in
Hebrew). Gen. 1 :27; 2:7-22.
1518. Nagy, Anta!. "Die gesellschaftliche Situation und die allge-
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1526. Neveu, Louis. "Le paradis perdu(?). Recherches sur la struc-
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1529. Nicol, George G. "Genesis XXIX. 32 and XXXV. 22a.
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1530. -. "Bathsheba: A Clever Woman?" Expository Times 99
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1531. Niditch, Susan. "The Wronged Woman Righted: An Analysis
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1532. -. "The 'Sodomite' Theme in Judges 19-20: Family,
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1533. -. "Legends of Wise Heroes and Heroines." In The Hebrew
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1534. -. "Portrayal of Women in the Hebrew Bible." In Jewish
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1535. Nielsen, Eduard. "Creation and the Fall of Man: A Cross-
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1536. -. "Sur la theologie de l'auteur de Gn 2-4." De la Torah au
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1537. -. "Le choix contre le droit dans le livre de Ruth. De l'aire
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1538. Nowell, Irene. "A Celebration of Love." TBT 25 (1987),140-
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1539. -. "Roles of Women in the Old Testament." TBT 28 (1990),
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1540. Nur-el-Din, M. A. "Some remarks on the tide mwt-nsw."
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1541. O'Callaghan, Martin. "The Structure and Meaning of
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1542. O'Connell, Robert H. "Proverbs VII 16-17: A Case of Fatal
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1545. O'Day, Gail. "Singing Woman's Song: A Hermeneutic of
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1547. O'Shea, W. J. "Marriage and Divorce: The Biblical Evi-
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1549. Okure, Teresa. "Biblical Perspectives on Women." Voices
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1550. Oliver, Dennis. "Psalm 44, Royal Wedding Song." Mount
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1551. Olyan, Saul. "H aslOm: Some Literary Considerations of 2
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120 Wornen in the Biblical World
1552. -. "Some Observations Concerning the Identity oE the
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1554. -. "The Samson Narratives." BM 25 (1979), 259-262 (in
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1555. "Orpah. A Study in Internationalism." Expository Times 28
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1556. Osiek, Carolyn. "Inspired Texts: The Dilemma of the
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27:15
1557. -. "Jacob's WeIl: Feminist Hermeneutics." TBT 24 (1986),
18-19.
1558. -. "Biblical Images of the Feminine: Some Alternative Con-
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1559. Otto, E. "Zur Stellung der Frau in den ltesten Rechtstexten
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1560. Ottosson, Magnus. "Rahab and the Spies." In DUMU-E[
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1562. Papayiannopoulos, Ioannis. "Matters of Medico-Legal Char-
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1564. Parijs, Pa!ll van. "Marriage in the Old Testament." East Asian
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1567. -. "Jezebel's Reception of Jehu."Maarav 1. (1978), 67-78. 2
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1568. -. "The Vow in Ugaritic and Israelite Narrative Literature. "
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1570. Parnas, Moshe. "So She Wrote Letters in Ahab's Name and
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1571. Paterson, J. "Divorce and Desertion in the Old Testament."
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1572. Paton, Lewis Bayles. "Outline Studies of Obscure Prophets
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1573. Patterson, Richard D. "A Multiplex Approach to Psalm 45."
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1575. -. "Two Cognate Terms for Mating and Copulation." VT
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1576. -. "Biblical Analogues to Middle Assryian Law." In Religion
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,--
122 Wamen in the Biblical Warld
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1578. PeHer, Claude J. "The Marriage Theme in Hosea." TBT 20
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1579. Peirce, F. X. "Recent Bible Study. The Woman oI Genesis
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1580. Peritz, I. J. "Women in the Ancient Hebrew Cult." JBL 17
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1581. Perkins, Pheme. "Women in the Bible and Its World." Inter-
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1582. Perugni, Cesare. "Cantico dei Cantici e Iirica d'amore
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1584. Petersen, David L. "A Thrice-Told Tale in Genre, Theme,
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1585. -. "Genesis 6: 1-4, Yahweh and the Organization oI the
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1586. Petrozzi, M. "La maga di Endor." Terra Santa 51 (1975),
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1587. Phillips, Anthony. "Some Aspects of Family Law in Pre-Exilic
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1588. -. "Nebalah-A Term for Serious Disorderly and Unruly
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1589. -. "Another Example of Family Law." VT 30 (1980), 240-
245.1 Sam. 18:21.
1591. -. "The Book of Ruth-Deception and Shame." JTS 37
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1592. Philotea, M. "Jeremiah, Prophet of Affliction." TBT 36
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1593. Phipps, William E. "The Plight oI the Song-of Songs." jAAR
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1594. -. "The Menstrual Taboo in the Jewish-Christian
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1595. -. "Eve and Pandora Contrasted." Thealogy Today 45
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1596. -. "A Woman Was the First to Declare Scripture Holy."
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1597. Pirenne, Jacques. "Le Proces de Filles de Salphaad."
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1598. Plaskow, Judith. "Feminism and Religious Authority."
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1599. Platt, Elizabeth Ellen. "Jewelry of Bible Times and the
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1600. Plaut, W. G. " Thou art my sister." CCARjournal10, no. 1
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1601. Plautz, Werner. "Zur Frage des Mutterrechts im Altes
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1602. -. "Monogamie und Polygamie im Alten Testament." ZAW
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1603. -. "Die Form der Eheschliessung im Alten Testament." ZAW
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1604. Plum, Karin Friis. "Kviundehermeneutik og bibe1s eksegese."
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1604. Plum, Karin Friis. "Kviundehermeneutik og bibels eksegese."
1605. -. "The Female Metaphor: The Definition of Male and
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1606. Pogrebin, Letty Cottin. "Anti-Semitism in the Women's
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1607. Polzin, Robert. "'The Ancestress in Danger' in Danger. "
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1608. Pope, Marvin H. "Response to Sasson on the Sublime Song."
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1609. Porten, B. "Theme and Historiosophic Background oE the
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1610. Porter, J. R. "The Daughters of Lot." Folklore 89 (1978),
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1611. Poulssen, N. "De Mikalscene, 2 Sam 6, 16. 20-23."
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1612. -. "An Hour with Rispah: Some Reflections on 2 Samuel
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1613. Power, E. "He Asked for Water, Milk She Gave." Biblica 9
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1615. Previn, Dory. "Sheba and Solomon." USQR 43 (1989), 59-
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1616. Priest, John. "Huldah's Orade." VT 30 (1980), 366-368.
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1617. Prince, J. Dyneley. "Note on Vashti." JBL 33 (1914), 87-90.
1618. Pritchard, Linda. "The Woman's Bible: Women in Religion
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1619. Puech, E. "Athalie, fille d'Achab et la chronologie des rois
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1620. Qimron, Elisha. "A Note to mr1)m = Woman, Mother." Tar-
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1621. Quitslund, S. "In the Image of God." TBT 84 (April 1976),
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1622. Rabinowitz, Isaac. "Sarah's Wish (Gen. XXI 6-7)." vr 29
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1623. Radday, Y. T., and Welch, G. W. "Structure in the Book of
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1624. Rae, Hugh Rose. "Had Moses a Scolding Wife?" Homiletic
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1625. Rallis, Irene Kerasote. "Nuptial Imagery in the Book of
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1626. Ramras-Rauch, Gib. "Fathers and Daughters: Two Biblical
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1627. Ramsey, George W. "Is Name-Giving an Act of Domination
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1628. Rand, Herbert. "Justice in Solomon's Court." DD 10 (1982),
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1629. Rapaport, D. I. "L'Etude des Troubles Menstruals dans la
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163 O. Rast, Walter E. "Cakes for the Queen of Heaven." In Scrip-
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1631. Ratner, Robert. "The 'Feminine Takes Precedence' Syntagm
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1632. Rattray, Susan. "Marriage Roles, Kinship Terms, and Family
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1633. Raurell, Frederic. "EI plaer erotic en el Cantic dels Canties."
Revista Catalana de Teologfa 6 (1981),257-298.
1634. -. "Erotic Pleasure in the 'Song of Songs'." Laurentianum
24 (1983), 5-45.
1635. -. "11 mito della maschilita di Dio come problema ermeneu-
deo." Laurentianum 25 (1984), 3-77. Gen. 1:27; Deut.
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1636. Ravenna, A. "La poligamia presso gli Ebrei." Rivista Italiana
per le Scienze Giuridiche 11 (1967), 377-379.
1637. Rebera, Basil. "Tr:mslating Ruth 3:16." Bible Translator 38
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1638. Read, D. "The Ethical Quality of Life: The Human Sexual
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1639. Rehm, Martin. "Das Wort 'ahnah in Is 7, 14." BZ 8 (1964),
89-101.
1640. Reid, S. B. "Violence and .Vengeance: Ingredients for
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1641. Reif, S. C. "What enraged Phinehas?- A Study of Numbers
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1642. Reines, H. S. "The Acquiring of a Wife in the Torah and in
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1643. Rembold, Annette. "'Und Mirjam nahm die Pauke in die
Hand, eine Frau prophezeit und tanzt einem anderen
Leben voran.' Das Alte Testament feministisch gelesen." In
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ster: Morgana, 1986.
1644. Renaud, Bernard. "Fidelite humaine et fidelite de Dieu dans
le livre d'Osee 1-3." Revue de Droit Canonique 33 (1983),
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1645. -. "Osee 1-3: analyse diachronique et lecture synchronique,
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1646. Rendsburg, Gary A. "Notes on Genesis XXXV." VT 34
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1647. -. "David and His Circle in Genesis XXXVIII." VT 36
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1648. Reymond, Robert L. "Who is the calmah of Isaiah 7:14?"
Presbyterion 15 (1989), 1-15.
1649. Rice, Gene. "A Neglected Interpretation of the Immanuel
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1650. Richter, Hans-Friedemann. "Zum Levirat im Buch Ruth."
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levirate marriage.
1651. Ridout, G. "The Rape of Tamar." In Rhetorical Criticisrn:
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1652. Rigaux, B., O.F.M. "La Femme et son Lignage dans Genese
III, 14-15." RB 61 (1954), 321-348.
1654. Ringeling, H. "Die biblische Begrndung der Monogamie."
ZEE 10 (1966),81-102.
1655. Ringgren, Helmer. "Sknhetsvlingen i Esthers bok." Svensk
ExegetiskArsbok 46 (1981), 69-73.
1656. -. "The Marriage Motif in Israelite Religion." In Ancient
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1657. Ritterspach, A. D. "RhetoricaI Criticism and the Song of
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1658. Robertson, Noel. "The Ritual Background of the Dying God
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2 Kgs. 9; Ezek. 8:14
1659. Robinson, Bernhard P. "The Jealousy of Miriam: A Note on
Num 12." ZAW 101 (1989),428-432.
1660. Robinson, Ira. "bepetab C8nayim in Genesis 38:14." jBL 96
(1977),569.
1661. -. "Zipporah to the Rescue: A Contextual Study of Exodus
IV 24-6." VT 36 (1986), 447-461. Zipporah, Rahab,
Ruth, foreign women who put Israelites to shame
1662. Rodd, Cyril S. "The Family in the Old Testament." Bible
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1663. Rmer, W. H. Ph." Randbemerkungen zur Travestie von
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1664. Rofe, Alexander. "The Betrothal of Rebekah (Gen. 24)."
1665.
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1666. -. "The Laws- of Warfare in the Book of Deuteronomy:
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44. Deut. 21:10-14.
1667. -. "Farnily and Sex Laws in Deuteronomy and the Book of
the Covenant." Henoch 9 (1987), 131-160. Ex. 21-22;
Deut. 21-25.
1668. -. "The Vineyard and Naboth: The Origin and Message of
the Story." VI' 38 (1988), 89-104. Jezebel; 1 Kgs. 21:1-20
1669. Rosenberg, Joel W. "The feminine through a (male) glass
darkly." Response 9 (Winter 1975/76), 67-88.
1670. -. "The Garden Story Forward and Backward: The non-
narrative dimension of Gen. 2-3." Prooftexts 1 (1981), 1-
27.
1671. Rosenzweig, Michael L. "A Helper Equal to Hirn." judaism
35. no. 3 (1986), 277-280. Gen. 1:27; 2:18-24; 'ezer
kenegdo.
1672. Roth, Wolfgang W. "The Wooing of Rebekah: A Tradition-
Critical Study of Genesis 24." CBQ 34 (1972), 177-187.
1673. Rothe, Rosa M. "Duas mulheres 'violentas,' Debora e Jael."
Est Bib 6 (1984), 21-30.
1674. Rothschild, Max M. "Israelites and Aliens-IV." DD 11
(1983), 245-248. the foreign wornen in Ezra-Neherniah.
1675. Rottenberg, Meir. "The Interpretation of Rebekah's
Question 'lamma zeh 'anki.'" BM 29 (1983/84), 218-219
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1676. -. "Did Job's Wife Really Use a Euphernism in Job 2:9?"
Lesonel1u 52 (1988), 176-177 (in Hebrew).
1677. Rouillard, H., and Tropper, J. ,ctrpym, rituels de guerison et
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culte des ancetres d'apres 1 Samuel XIX 11-17 et les
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361. Michal.
1678. Rowley, H. H. "The Interpretation of the Song of Songs."
JTS 38 (1937),337-363.
1679. -. "The Marriage of Hosea." BJRL 39 (1956), 200-233.
1680. Rozner, Fred. "The Ordeal of the Wayward Woman (Sotah):
Miracle or Natural Phenomenon." Koroth 32 (1984),
396-406.
1681. Rudolph, W. "Prparierte Jungfrauen?" ZAW 75 (1968), 65-
73. Hos. 1.
1682. -. "Zu Mal 2 10-16." ZAW 93 (1981), 85-90. monogamy,
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1857. Tuya, Manuel deo "La profecia de la 'alrnah (Is. 7, 14), un
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144
1858. Ubell, Lori. "Sarah's Voice." Hadassah Magazine, Aug/Sep.
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1860. Utzsehneider, Helmut. "Patrilineritt im alten Israel. Eine
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1861. Uys, P. H. de V. "The Term gebrrii in the Book of Proverbs."
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1862. Van Gemeren, Willem A. "Psalm 131 :2-kegamul. The
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1864. Van Seters, John. "The Problem of Childlessness in Near
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1865. -. "Jaeob's Marriages and Ancient Near Eastern Customs: A
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1866. VashoJz, P. Ivan. "You Shall Not Covet Your Neighbor's
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j Women and Womanhood in Hebrew Scripture: Articles
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1872. Villiers, D. W. deo "Not for Sale! Solomon and Sexual Per-
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1873. Vogels, Walter. "It is not good that the mensch should be
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1874. -. "'Osee-Gomer' ear et eomme 'Yahweh-Israel: Os. 1-3."
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1876. Wadsworth, Tom. "Is There a Hebrew Word for Virgin?
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1878. Wakeman, Mary K. "On Idolatry." In Women and Religion:
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1879. Waldman, Nahum M. "Concealment and Irony in the
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1881. Walle, R. Vande, S. J. "Esther and Judith: Two Valiant
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1882. Walsh, Jerome T. "Genesis 2:4b-3:24: A Synchronie
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1883. Walters, Stanley D. "Hannah and Anna: The Greek and
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1884. Waltke, B. K. "The Old Testament and Birth Control: Family
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1885. Wander, NathanieI. "Structure, Contradiction and 'Resolu-
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1886. Watson, Wilfred G. E. "Gender-Matched Synonymous Paral-
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1888. Webster, Edwin C. "Pattern in the Song of Songs." jSOT 22
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1889. Weder, H. "Perspektive der Frauen?" Evangelische Theologie
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1897. Weiser, Asher. "The Family in the Bible." In Ben-Zion Lurie
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1898. Weisman, Ze'ev. "sroteh Gudges 5:29)." VT 26 (1976),
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1899. -. "Diverse Historical and Sodal Reflections in the Shaping
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1900. Weitenmeyer, M. "Nabots vingard (1 Konig 21, 1-16)."
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1902. -. "The Restoration of Marriage Reconsidered." jjS 30
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1903. -. "Why Does Sexuallntercourse Defile? (Lev. 15: 15)."
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1904. -. "The Perplexing Pentateuch." Vox Evangelica 17 (1987),
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1905. Wenham, G. J., and McConville, J. G. "Drafting Techniques
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1906. Wesselius, J. W. "Joab's Death and the Central Theme of the
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1907. -. "De wijze vrouwen in 2 Samuel 14 en 20." Nederlands
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1908. West, Angela. "Genesis aud Patriarchy." Part 1. The New
Blackfriars 62 (1981)) 17-32; Part Il. The New Blackfriars
62 (1981), 420-432. feminist hermeneutics
1909. West, Stuart A. "The Rape of Dinah and the Conquest of
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1910. -. "Judah and Tamar-A Scriptural Enigma." DD 12
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1911. Westbrook, R. "Lex talionis and Exodus 21, 22-25." RB 93
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1912. -. "The Prohibition on Restoration of Marriage in Deu-
teronomy 24:1-4." In Studies in Bible, pp. 387-405.
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1913. -. "1 Samuell:8." JBL 109 (1990), 114-115. Hannah
1914. Westenholz, Joan Goodnick. "Tamar, Qedes, Qadistu, and
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1915. Wharton, James A. "A Plausible Tale: Story and Theology in
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1916. Whatham, Arthur E. "Cain's Wife." Expository Times 8
(1896-97), 8.
1917. White, Ernest. "Biblical Principles for Modern Family
Living." Review and Expositor 75 (1978),5-17. Positive
aspects of Hebrew Scripture's attitudes toward warnen,
sexual relationships, and marriage
1918. White, Hugh C. "Initiation Legend of Ishmael." ZAW 87
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1919. Whitelan, Keith W. "The Defence of David." JSOT 29
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1920. Wickham, L. R. "The Sons of God and the Daughters of
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1921. Wifall, Walter. "Bone of my Bones and Flesh of my Flesh-
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1922. Wildeboer, G. "De Vrouw in Israel." Onze Eeuw 10 (1910),
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1923. Willi-Plein, I. "Genesis 27 als Rebekkageschichte. Zu einem
historiograph ischen Kunstgriff der biblischen Vter-
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1924. Williams, James G. "The Beautiful and the Barren: Con-
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trothal; wife-sister motif
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1926. Willis, J. T. "Cultic Elements in the Story of Samuel's Birth
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1928. -. "The Meaning of Isaiah 7: 14 and Its Application in
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1929. Wiseman, D. J. "Rahab of Jericho." Tyndale House Bulletin
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1930. Wller, Ulrich. "Zu Gen 47." ZAW 96 (1984),271-272.
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1932. Wolters, Al. "Nature and Grace in the Interpretation of
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1933. -. "Spiyyfi (Prov. 31 :27) as Hymnic Participle and Play on
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1934. Worden, T. "The Creation of Woman." Scripture 10 (1958),
60-61.
1935. -. "The Literary Influence of the Ugaritic Fertility Myth on
the ld Testament." VT 3 (1951),273-297.
1936. Wright, C. J. H. "The lsraelite Household and the Deca-
logue: The Social Background and Significance of Some

i .
150 Wornen in the Bib/ical World
Commandments." Tyndale Bulletin 30 (1979), 101-124.
1937. Wright, G. E. "Women and Masculine Theological Vocabu-
lary in the Old Testament." In Grace Upon Grace: Essays
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1939. Wyatt, N. "Araunah the Jebusite and the Throne oE David."
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1940. -. "Cain's WiEe." Folklore 97 (1986), 88-95; 232.
1941. -. "The Story oE Dinah and Shechem: A Study in Compara-
tive Religion." UF 22 (1990), 433-458.
1942. Yamauchi, Edwin M. "Tammuz and the Bible." jBL 84
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1943. -. "Cultic Prostitution: A Case Study in Cultural Diffusion."
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lag, 1973.
1944. Yaron, Reuven. "On Divorce in Old Testament Times."
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1945. -. "The Restoration oE Marriage." jjS 17 (1966), 1-11.
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1947. Yee, Gale A. "An Analysis oE Provo 8:22-31 According to
Style and Structure." ZAW 94 (1982),48-65.
1948. -. "Literary Ambiguity in II Samuel 11." Interpretation 42
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1949. -. "'I Have Perfumed My Bed with Myrrh': The Foreign
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151
68.
1950. -. '''Your Mother Was a Hittite': The Symbol of the Adul-
teress in Ezek. 16:1-43." [paper at 1988 CBA]
1951. Yeivin, S. "Philological Notes, XV." Lesonenu 42 (1977),
60-63 (in Hebrew). Gen. 20:12; Sarah
1952. Yoshikoka, Barbara. "The Culture of Dissent: The Woman's
Bible, the Female Witch, and the Female Sectarian Preach-
er." In Wornen and Religion: 1973 Proceedings, pp. 56-63.
Edited by Joan Arnold Romero. Tallahassee: American
Academy of Religion, 1973.
1953. Yubero, Galindo D. "La formacion de Eva en la Biblia yen la
catequesis." Lumen 15 (1966),44-55.
1954. Zakovitch, Yair. "The Threshing-Floor Scene in Ruth and the
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brew). Ruth 3; Gen. 19:30-38
1955. -. "The Woman's Rights in the Biblical Law of Divorce."
jIA 4 (1981),28-46. Deut. 24:1-4; Judg. 19:3; Jer. 3:1
1956. -. "Assimilation in iblical Narrative." In Emprical Models
for Biblical Criticisrn, pp. 175-176. Edited by Jeffrey M.
Tigay. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press,
1985. Gen. 34; 2 Sam. 13
1957. -. "The Woman in iblical Narrative-An Outline." BM 32
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1958. Zalcman, Lawrenee. "Ambiguity and Assonanee at Ze-
phaniah II 4." VI' 36 (1986), 365-371. On the personifi-
cation of the Philistine eities as warnen
1959. Zalevsky, S. "Hannah's Vow and Its Fulfillrrient (1 Sam. 1)."
BM 23 (1978), 304-326 (in Hebrew).
1960. Zappone, Katherine E. "A Feminist Hermeneutics for
Seripture: The StanJpaint of the Interpreter." Proceedings
ofthe Irish Bible Association 8 (1984),25-38.
1961. Zelechow, Bernard. "All Abaut Eve: A Review Essay." Shofar
7, no. 4 (summer 1989), 59-64.
1962. Ziderman, 1. Irving. "Abraham's Servant." DD 14 (1985/86),
124-125. Gen. 24:11; Rebekah
1963. Ziegen aus, Anton. "Als Mann und Frau erschofen sie (Gen.
1, 27)." Mnchener Theologische Zeitschrift 31 (1980),
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1964. Zimmerman, C. L. "The Chronology and Birth of Jacob's
Children by Leah and Her Handmaid." Grace Journal 13
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1965. Zingg, E. "IsraeI's Privatrecht nach den Gesetzen des Moses."
Judaica 18 (1962), 129-128.
1966. -. "Ehe und Familie nach den Gesetzen des Moses." Judaica
20 (1964), 121-128.
1967. Zipor, Moshe. "What is lJ.lillila ?" BM 33 (1987/88), 51-58
(in Hebrew). Lev. 19:29; 21:7,9,14; zona
1968. -. "Restrietions on Marriage for Priests (Lev 21, 7. 13-14)."
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1969. -. "EzechieI16, 7." ZAW 103 (1991),99-100.
1970. Ziv, Y. "The Marringe of Ahaz and Abiah daughter of
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1971. Zyl, A. H. van. "I Sam. 1 :2-2:11-A Life-World Lament of
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THESES AND DISSERTATIONS
1972. Adler, Elaine J"une. "The Background for the Metaphor of
Covenant as Marriage in the Hebrew Bible." Ph.D. diss.,
University of California at Berkeley, 1990.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
1978.
1979.
1980.
Arbeli, Shoshana. "Women in the Bible in Positions of
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Mnchen Fachbereich evangelische Theologie, 1980.
Ben-Abu, David. "The Status of Woman in Israel and in the
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Bigger, S. F. "Hebrew Marriage and Family in the Old
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1975.
Burns, Camilla. "The Heroine with a Thousand Faces:
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Collins, Oral Edmond. "The Stern znh and Prostitution in the
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153
1981. -. "The Status of Women in Ancient Israel." Ph.D. diss.,
Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, 1989.
1982. Hall, Gary H. "The Marriage Imagery in Jeremiah 2 and 3."
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1980.
1983. Hooks, Stephen M. "Sacred Prostitution in Israel and the
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1984. Kaithathara, J. "The Indissolubility of a Ratified, Consum-
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1986. Matthews, Edwin LeBron "The Use of the Adultery Motif in
Hebrew Prophecy." Ph.D. diss., New Orleans Baptist
Theological Seminary, 1987.
1987. Neff, R. W. "The Announcement in Old Testament Birth
Stories." Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1969.
1988. Olyan, Saul M. "Problems in the History of the Cult and
Priesthood in Ancient Israel." Ph.D. diss., Harvard Univer-
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1989. Plautz, W. "Die Frau in Familie und Ehe. Ein Beitrag zum
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1990. Poethig, E. B. "The Victory Song Tradition of the Women of
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1992. Schneeman, Gisela. "Deutung und Bedeutung der Besch-
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1994. Shout, W. R. "The Fertility Religion in the Thought of Amos
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1995. Stradling, F. S. "The Birth and Naming of the Children of
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1996. Teachout, R. P. "The Use of Wine in the Old Testament."
Ph.D. diss., Dallas Theological Seminary, 1976.
1997. White,]. B. "A Study of the Language of Love in the Song of
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University, 1975.
p'
f

7. WMEN AND WOMANHOOD IN ANCIENT EGYPT:
1998.
1999.
2000.
2001.
2002.
2003.
2004.
2005.
2006.
2007.
2008.
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Baer, Klaus. Rank and Title in the Old Kingdom. Chicago: Uni-
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Baines, John. Fecundity Figures: Egyptian Personification and
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Baines, J. and Malek, J. Atlas of Ancient Egypt. Oxford:
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Bierbrier, Morris. The Late New Kingdom in Egypt. War-
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Desroches-Noblecourt, Christiane, and Kuentz, C. Le petit
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Erman, Adolf, and Ranke, Hermann. Aegypten und Aegypt-
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2023. Graefe, E. Untersuchungen zur Verwaltung und Geschichte der
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coming Visible: Women in European History, pp. 41-77.
Edited by R. Bridenthal, C. Koon, and S. Stuard. 2d ed.
Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1987.
2219. -. "Women's Monumental Mark on Ancient Egypt." BA 54
(1991), 4-15.
2220. Lesko, L. H. "A Litde More Evidence for the End of the
Nineteenth Dynasty." JARCE 5 (1966),29-32.
2221. -. "Three Late Egyptian Stories Reconsidered." In Egypto-
logical Studies in Honor of Richard A. Parker, pp. 98-103.
Edited by Leonard H. Lesko. Hanover & London: Uni-
versity Press of New England for Brown University Press,
1986.
2222. Lorton, David. "The Treatment of Criminals in Ancient
Egypt." jESHO 20 (1977),2-64.
2223. Malek,]. "Two Monuments of the Tias." JEA 60 (1974),
161-167.
2224. -. "Princess Inti, the Companion of Horus." jSSEA 10
(1980), 229-241.
2225. Meltzer, Edmund S. "Queens, Goddesses, and other
Women of Ancient Egypt." jA OS 110 (1990), 503-509.
Women and Womanhood in Ancient Egypt: Articles 173
2226. Menu, B. "La gestion du 'patrimoine' fonder d'Heka-
nakhte." RdE 22 (1970), 111-129.
2227. -. "Quelques remarques apropos de l'etude comparee de
la stele juridique de Karnak et de la 'steles' d'Ahmes-
Nefertari." RdE 23 (1971), 155-163.
2228. -. "La 'stele' d'Ahmes-Nefertari dans son contexte his-
torique et juridique." BIFAO 77 (1977),89-100.
2229. Midant-Reynes, B. "St-Imm 'femme' ou 'lilIe' d"Amon." RdE
28 (1976), 160-162.
223 O. Millet, Nicholas B. "Sodal and Political Organisation in
Meroe." ZAS 108 (1981), 124-141.
2231. Mysliwiec, Leslaw. "La mere, la femme, la fille et la variante
feminine du dieu Atoum." Etudes et Travaux 13 (1983),
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2232. Newberry, P. E. "Queen Nitocris oE the Sixth Dynasty." JEA
29 (1943),51-54.
2233. Nims, C. "The Date oE the Dishonoring oE Hatshepsut." ZAS
93 (1966), 97-100.
2234. -. "Some Notes on the Family oE Mereruka." JAOS 58
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2235. Niwinski, Andrzey. "Some Remarks on Rank and Titles oE
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2236. Nord, D. "The Term bar 'harem' or 'musical performers'."
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2237. Nur eI-Din, M. A. "Some Remarks on the Tide mwt-nsw."
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2238. Oded, B. "Egyptian References to the Edomite Deity Qaus."
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2239. Ogdon, J. R. "The Desert of the Beautiful Goddess of the
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2240. -. "An Exceptional Family of Priests of the Early Fifth Dy-
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2241. Patrich, Yosef. "Earrings of the goddess El-'Uzza from
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2242. Peet, T. E. "Two Letters from Akhetaten." Annals of
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2243. Perdu, Olivier. "Khenemet-Nefer-Hedjet: Une Princesse et
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2244. Pestman, P. W. "The Law of Succession in Ancient Egypt."
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.. antiqui pertinentia, 9. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1969.
2245. Pestman, P. W., and Janssen, J. J. "Burial and Inheritance in
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jESHO 11 (1968), 137-170.
2246. Pfluger, K. "The Private Funerary Stelae of the Middle
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2247. Pillet, Marice. "Les sct:nes de naissance et de circoncision
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2248. Pinch, G. "Childbirth and Female Figurines at Deir el-Medi-
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2249. Pirenne, J. "La statut de la femme dans l'ancienne Egypte."
Recueils de la Societe jean Bodin 11 (1959), 63-77.
2250. Posner-Krieger, P. "Les chants d'amour de l'ancienne
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2251. Rabinowitz, Jacob J. "The 'Great Sin' in Ancient Egyptian
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175
2252. Radwan, A. "Rameses II und sein Mutter vor Osiris." SAK 6
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2253. Rammant-Peeters, Agnes. "Les couronnes de Nefertiti a el-
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48.
2254. Redford, Donald R. "The Monotheism of the Heretic
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2255. Riefstahl, Elizabeth. "Doll, Queen, or Goddess." Brooklyn
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2256. -. "Two Hairdressers of the Eleventh Dynasty." jNES 15
-- (1956), 10-17. Inu and Henut.
2257. Robins, Gay. "The Relationships Specified by Egyptian King-
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"Meritamum, daughter of Ahmose, and Meritamun
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2259. -. "A Critical Examination of the Theory of the Right to
the Throne of Aneient Egypt Passed through the Female
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2260. Roceati, A. "Une legende egyptienne d'Anat." RdE 24
(1972), 152-159.
2261. Samson, J. "Royal Names in Amarna History." CdE 56
(1976), 30-38.
2262. -. "Nefertiti's Regality." jEA 63 (1977), 88-97. Nefertiti
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2263. -. "Akhenaten's Successor." GM 32 (1979), 83-97.
2264. Satzinger, Helmut. "Zum Namen der Gttin Thermouthis."
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2265. Schott, S. "Nut sprueht als Mutter und Sarg." RdE 17
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2266. Schulman, A. R. "Diplomatie Marriage in the Egyptian New
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176 Women in the BiblicalWorld
2267. Silverman, D. P. "The Priestess of Hathor 'nb-Bwt-Br." ZAS
11 0 (1983), 80-89.
2268. Simpson, W. K. "The Hyksos Princess Tany." CdE 34 (1959),
233-239. .
2269. -. "A Relief of a Divine Votaress in Boston." CdE 57
(1982), 231-235.
2270. Smith, H. S. "Dates of the Obsequies of the Mothers of
Apis." RdE 24 (1972), 176-187.
2271. -. "Society and Settlement in Ancient Egypt." In Man, Set-
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2272. Spalinger, A. "Remarks on the Family of Queen lj'. s-nbw
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2273. Spiege!berg, W. "Notes on the Feminine Character of the
New Empire." JEA 15 (1929), 199.
2274. Stavnik, E. "Une suggestion au sujet de la couronne de la
princesse Sat-Hathor-Yount." RdE 2 (1934) 165-171.
2275. Stevens, John M."Gynaecology from Ancient Egypt: The
Papyrus Kahun: A Translation of the Oldest Treatise on
Gynaecology that has Survived from the Ancient World."
Medical Journal of Australia 63 (1975), 949-952.
2276. Tanner, R. "Untersuchungen zur Rechtsstellung der Frau im
pharaonishchen Aegypten." Klio 46 (1965),45-81.
2277. -. "Untersuchungen zur ehe- und erbrechtlichen Stellung
der Frau im pharaonischen Aegypten." Klio 49 (1967), 5-
37.
2278. Theorides, A. "Du prestige de la procedure oraculaire parmi
Ie personnel de la necropole thebaine sous le Nouvel
Empire." Acta Orientalia Belgica 31 (1963), 185-200.
2279. -. "La repudiation de la femme en Egypte dans les droits
orientaux anciens." BSPE 47 (1966), 6-19.
177
2280. -. "Le droit matrimonial dans l'Egypte pharaonique."
RIDA 3
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serie, 23 (1976), 15-55.
2281. Troy, Lana. "Ahotep-A Source Evaluation." GM 35
(1979),81-9).
2282. -. "Good andIhd Women." GM 80 (1984), 77-82.
2283. Valloggia, M. "Remarques sur les noms de la reine Sebek-
Ka-Re Neferou-Sebek." RdE 16 (1964), 45-53.
2284. Vandier, J. "Iousuas et (Hathor)-Nebet-Hetepet." RdE 16
(1964), 55-146; 17 (1965), 89-176; 18 (1966), 67-142.
2285. Velde, H. te, "Egyptian Triads Structured as One God with
Two Goddesses." Studies in the History of Religions 31
(1975), 42.
2286. Verner, "Statue of Tweret (Cairo Museum no.
39145) Dedicated by Pabesi and Several Remarks on the
Role of the Hippopotamus Goddess." ZAS 96 (1970), 52-
63.
2287. Vittmann, G. "Zwei Kniginnen der Sptzeit namens Che-
debnitjerbne." CdE 49 (1974),43-51.
2288. Walle, B. van deo "La princesse Isis, fille et epouse d'Ameno-
phis IU." CdE 43 (1968),36-54.
2289. Ward, William A. "Some Personal Names of the Hyksos
Period Rulers and Notes on the Epigraphy of their
Scarabs." UF 8 (1976), 353-369.
2290. -. "Refleetions on Some Egyptian Terms Presumed to
Mean 'harem, harem-woman, concubine.'" Berytus 31
(1983), 67-74.
2291. -. "The Case of Mrs. Tchat and Her Sons at Beni Hassan."
GM 71 (1984),51-59.
2292. -. "The Supposed S.t. nt 'Female member of a Judicial
CounciI' of Pap. BouIaq 18." GM 100 (1987), 81-84.
2293. Westendorf, Wolfhart. "Maat, die Fhrerin des Sonnen-
lichtes, in der Architektur." ZAS 97 (1971), 143-146.
2294. Winlock, H. E. "On Queen Tetisheri, Grandmother of
Ahmose 1." Ancient Egypt, 1921, pp. 14-16. .
2295. Yoyotte, Jean. "Les vierges consacrees d'Amon theban."
CRAIBL, 1961,43-52.
2296. -. "La date supposee du couronnement d'Hatshepsout"
Kemi 18 (1968), 85-91. .
2297. Zabkar, L. V. "Six Hymns to Isis in the Sanctuary of Her
Temple at Phibe and Their Theological Significance." JEA
69 (1983), 115-137.
2298. Ziegler, Christiane. "Une familIe de grands des Djebels de
l'or d'Amon." RdEJO (1981),125-132. -
9. WOMEN AND WOMANHOOD IN ELEPHANTINE
2299. Ahyoueny, M. "The Religion of the Elephantine Jews." BM
26 (1981),217-230 (in Hebrew).
2300. Grelot, P. "Elephantine Arameens et Juifs en Egypte." MDB
45 (Aug.-Sept.-Oct. 1986),32-35.
2301. Porten, B. Archives {rom Elephantine. Berkeley & Los
Angeles: University of California Press, 1968.
2302. -. "The Restoration of Fragmentary Aramaic Marriage
Contracts." In Graetz College Anniversary Volume, pp. 243-
261. Philadelphia: Graetz College Press, 1971.
2303. -. "Five Fragmentary Aramaic Marriage Documents: New
Colbtions and Restorations." Abr-Nahrain 27 (1989), 80-
105.
2304. Porten, B., and Greenfield, J. C. Jews o{ Elephantine and
o{ Syene. JerusaIem: Akademon, 1974.
2305. Porten, B., and Szubin, H. Z. "Abandoned Property in. Ele-
phantine: A New Interpretation of Kraeling 3." JNES 41
(1982), 123-131.
2306. -. "A Dowry Addendum (Kraeling 10)." JAOS 107 (1987),
231-238.
2307. Rabinowitz, Jacob J. "Marriage Contracts in Ancient Egypt
in the Light of Jewish Sources." HTR 46 (1953),91-97.
2308. Trck, U. "Die Stellung der Frau in Elephantine als Ergebnis
persisch-baby Ionische Rechsteinfluses." ZA W 46 (1928),
166-169.
2309. Valbelle, D. "Maintien et Transformation de la Societe."
MDB 45 (Aug.-Sept.-Oct. 1986),9-12.
2310. Voterra, E. "Osservazioni sul divorzio nei documenti ara-
maici." In Studia arientalistici in anore di G. Levi della Vida
II, pp. 586-600. Rome: Instituto per l'Oriente, 1956.
179
2311.
2312.
2313.
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2318.
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10. WOMEN AND WOMANHOOD IN ANCIENT
MESOPOTAMIA: BOOKS AND DISSERTATIONS
Aro, J. and Farber, W. Beschworungsrituele an Istar und
Dumuzi. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Vorlag, 1977.
Asher-Greve, J. M. Frauen in altsumerischer Zeit. Bibliotheca
Mesopotamia, vol. 18. Malibu: Undena Publications,
1985.
Bayliss, D. "Ancestry and Descent in Mesopotamia from the
Old Babylonian to the Neo-Assyrian Period. " Ph.D. diss.,
School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1971.
Blocher, F. Untersuchungen zum Motiv der nackten Frau in der
altbabylonistichen Zeit. Munich: Profil, 1987.
Bridges, Susan Jane. "The Mesaq Archive. A Study of
Sargonic (2334-2279) Society and Economy." Ph.D. diss.,
Yale University, 1981.
Cardascia, G. Les Lois assyriens. Paris: Cerf, 1969.
Cassin, E. La semblable et le different: symbolismes du pouvoir
dans le proche-orient ancient. Paris: La Decouverte, 1987.
Charpin, D. Archives Familiales et propriete privee en Baby-
lonie ancienne. Etude des documents de "Tell Si(r." Geneva:
Droz/Paris: Champion, 1980.
DaHey, Stephanie. Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, The
Flood, Gilgamesh and Others. Translated with an Introduc-
tion and Notes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
-., and Postgate, ]. N. The Tablets from Fort Shalmaneser.
Oxford: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, 1984.
Dandamaev, Muhammad A. Slavery in Babylonia (rom Nabo-
polassar to Alexander the Great (626-331 BC). Rev. ed.
Translated by M. A. Powel1. Edited by Victoria A. Powell
and D. B. Weisberg. DeKalb, 111.: Northern Illinois Univer-
180
." ..... t. . ... ,
I
Women and Womanhood in Mesopotamia: Books & Dissertations
181
2322.
sity Press, 1984.
Driver, G. R., and Miles, John C. The Babylonian Laws. 2
vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952-1955.
2323. -. The Assyrian Laws. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1935.
2324.
2325.
2326.
2327.
2328.
2329.
2330.
2331.
2332.
2333.
2334.
Eilers, Wilhelm. Sem iram is. Entstehung und Nachhall einer
altorientalischen Sage. Vienna: H. Bhlhaus Nachf., 1971.
Falkenstein, A. The Sumerian Temple City. Introduction
translation by Marie de]. EIlis. Los Angeles: Undena Pubh-
cations, 1974.
Farber, W. T. Beschwrungsrituale an Istar und Dumuzi.
Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1977.
Farber-Flgge, Gertrud. Der Mythos ,clnanna und Enkt' unter
besonderer Bercksichtigung der Liste M E. Studia Pohl., no.
10. Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1973.
Ferrara, A. J. Nanna-Suen's journey to Nippur. Studia Pohl,
Se ries Maior, no. 2. Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1973.
Figulla, H. H. Old Babylonian naditu Records. CT 47. Lon-
don: Trustees of the British Museum, 1967.
Gwaltney, William Cary, ]r. "The Qadistum and in
Mesopotamian Society." Ph.D. diss., Hebrew Umon Col-
lege, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1964.
Hallo, W. W., and Van Dijk, J.]. The Exaltation of Inanna.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968.
Harris, R. Ancient Sippar. A Demographie Study of an Old
Babylonian City (1894-1595 n.c.). Istanbul: Nederlands
Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul, 1975.
Hirsch, Hans. Untersuchungen zur altassyrischen Religion. AfO
Beiheft 13/14. 2d ed. Osnabrck: Biblio Verlag, 1972.
Hutter Manfred. "Nergal und Ereskigal; ein babylonsichen
Mythos vom Abstieg in die Unterwelt neu bersetzt und
erklrt." Ph.D. diss., Graz, 1984.
2335. Jacobsen, Thorkild. The Treasures of Darkness: A History of
Mesopotamian Religion. New Haven: Yale University Press,
1976. Contains important material on goddesses.
2336. -. The Harab Myth. Sources and Monographs from the
Ancient Near East, vol. 2, fascicle 3. Malibu: Undena
Publications, 1984. .
2337. Joannes, F. Textes economiques de la Babylonie recente. Etudies
Assyriologiques, Cahier 6. Paris: Editions Recherche sur
les Civilisations, 1982.
2338. KIrma, J. Gesellschaft und Kultur des alten Mesopotamien.
Prague: Verlag der Tschechoslowakischen Akademie der
-Wissens-chalten -und 1964.----- - --- - ---
2339. Kramer, S. N. Enki and Ninbursag: A Sumerian
Myth. BASOR Supplementary Studies 1. New Haven:
Schools of Oriental Research, 1945.
2340. -. The Sacred Marriage Rite. Bloomington: University f
Indiana Press, 1969.
2341. Kmmel, H. M. Beruf undAmt in spiitbabylonischen
Uruk. ADOG, 20. Berlin: Mann, 1979.
2342. Landsberger, B. Die Serie ana ittisu. MSL, no. 1. Rome:
Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1937.
2343. Lerner, Gerda. The Creation of Patriarchy. New York: Ox-
ford, 1986.
2344. Lieberman, A. 1. "Studies in the Trial by River Ordeal in the
Ancient Near East During the 2nd Millenium B.C.E."
Ph.D. diss., Brandeis University, 1969.
2345. Lipinski, Edward, ed. State and Temple Economy in the
Ancient Near East. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta, 5-6. 2
vols. Leuven: Departement Orientalistiek Leuven, 1979.
2346. Livingstone, A. Court Poetry and Literary Miscellanea. State
Archives of Assyria, vol. 3. Helsinki: Helsinki University
Press, 1989.
2347. Menzel, Brigitte. Assyrische Tempel. 2 vols. Studia Pohl Series
,-
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183
Maior, no. 10. Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1981.
2348. Mishali, Ajalah. "A Study of Women's Status According to
the Laws of the Royal Assyrian Edicts as Compared to
Her Status in the O.T." M.A. thesis, Bar-Han University,
1983 (in Hebrew with English summary).
2349. Perera, S. B. Descent to the Goddess: A Way of Initiation for
Women. Studies in Jungian Psychology, no. 6 Toronto:
Inner City Books, 1981. Ishtar
2350. Pettinato, G. Semiramide. Milano: Rusconi, 1985.
2351. Praag, A. van. Droit matrimonial assyro-babylonien. Amster-
- - - dam:-Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers, 1945.
2352. Roberts, J. J. M. The Earliest Semitic Pantheon. A Study ofthe
Semitic Deities Attested in Mesopotamia Before Ur 111. Balti-
more & London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972.
2353. Roth, Martha T. Babylonian Marriage Agreements, 7th-3rd
Centuries B.e. AOAT, 222. Kevelaer: Butzon und Bercker,
1989.
2354. Saggs, H. W. F. Everyday Life in Babylonia and Assyria.
London: B.T. Batsford, 1965.
2355. -. The Might That Was Assyria. London: Sidgwick & Jackson,
1984.
2356. -. Civilizations Before Greece and Rome. London: B.T.
ford, 1989.
2357. Saporetti, Claudio. Assur 14446 La Famiglia A Ascesca e
declino di persone e famiglie aWinizio Jel medio-regno L
Cybernetica Mesopotamia. Malibu: Undena Publications,
1979.
2358. -. The Status ofWomen in the Middle Assyrian Periode Mono-
graphs on the Ancient Near East, vol. 2, fascicle 1.
Malibu: Undena Publications, 1979.
2359. Scheil, J. V. Une saison de fouilles a Sippar. Paris: Institut
d'archeologie orientale, 1902.
pr
;;;!
_ j.:,'
;,{':
184
~ >
2360.
i/ .. ,,
i.;-"
~ .
l:
2361.
2362.
2363.
2364.
2365.
2366.
2367.
2368.
2369.
;, -
2370.
2371.
Schmandt-Besserat, Denise, ed. The Legacy of Sumer. Biblio-
theca Mesopotamiea, 4. Malibu: Undena Publieations,
1976.
Scharr, M. Urkunden der altbabylonischen Zivil-und Prozess-
rechts. Vorderasiatische Bibliothek, vol. 5. Leipzig: J.C.
Hinrieh, 1913.
Sephati, Y. "Songs of Love in Sumerian Literature. A Critical
Edition of the Songs of Dumuzi-Inanna." Ph.D. diss., Bar-
llan University, 1985.
Siegel, Bernard J. Slavery During the Third Dynasty of Ur.
Menasha, Wiseonsin: Ameriean Anthropological Associa-
tion, 1947.
Sigrist, Mareel. Les sattukku dans /'EsumeSa dura nt la periode
d'Isin et Larsa. Bibliotheca Mesopotamica, no. 7. Malibu:
Udena, 1984.
Skaist, A. "Studies in Ancient Mesopotamian Law Pertaining
to Marriage and Divoree." Ph.D. diss., University of Penn-
sylvania, 1963.
Sladek, W. R. "Inanna's Deseent to the Netherworld." Ph.D.
diss., Johns Hopkins University, 1974.
Soleil, Brigitte. "La Statuaire feminine en pierre aus pays de
Sumer de l'epoque de Ja He dynastie de Lagas a cella
d'Isin/Larsa." Ph.D. diss., Leuven, 1982.
Stol, Martin. Zwanger schap en gebourte bij de Babyioniers en
in de Bijbel. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1983.
Tallqvist, Knut. Akkadische Gtterepitheta. Helsinki: Societas
Orientalis Fennica, 1938.
Thompson, W. I. The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light:
Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture. N ew York:
St. Martin's Press, 1981. Inanna, pp. 172-181
Weiher, E. von. Sptbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil III.
Ausgrabungen der deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft in
Uruk-Warka, 12. Berlin: Mann, 1988.
1
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2372. Westbrook, R. Old Babylonian Marriage Law. AfO Beiheft 23.
Horn, Austria: Ferdinand Berger und Shne, 1988.
2373. Wolkstein, Diane, and Kramer, Samuel Noah. Inanna Queen
of Heaven and Earth: Her Stories and Hymns from Sumer.
New York: Harper & Row, 1983.
2374. Yaron, Reuven. The Laws of Eshnunna. 2d ed. Leiden: E. J.
Brill, 1988.
2375. Zadok, Ran. On West Semites in Babylonia during the Chaldean
and Achaemenian Periods: An Onomastic Study. Jerusalem:
Wanaarta & Tel Aviv University Press, 1977.
11. WOMENANDWOMANHOODIN ANCIENT
MESOPOTAMIA: ARTICLES
2376. Abuseh, Tzvi. "Ishtar's Proposal and Gilgamesh's Refusal: An
Interpretation of The Gilgamesh Epic, Tablet 6, Lines 1-
79." History of Religions 26 (1986/87), 143-187.
2377. AI-A'dami, K. A. "A New LU'SHA Text in the Iraq Museum,
Induding Women's Professions." Sumer 25 (1969),97-98
+ 2 pI.
2378. AI-Fouadi, Abdul-Hadi. "Inanna's Journey to Eridu." Sumer
27 (1971), 53-62 (in Arabie).
2379. Alster, B. "Sumerian Proverbs Colleetion 24." Assyriological
Miscellanies I (1980), 43ff. Refers to "The Fowler and His
Wife."
2380. -. "On the Interpretation of the Sumerian Myth 'Inanna
and Enki'." ZA 64 (1975), 20-34.
2381. -. "Paradoxieal Proverbs and Satire in Mesopotamian
Literature." JCS 27 (1975), 201-230. Refers to "The
Fowler and His Wife."
2382. -. "Enki and Ninhursag. The Creation of the First
Woman." UF 10 (1978), 15-27.
2383. -. "Gestinanna as Singer and the Chorus of Uruk and
Zabalam: UET 6/1, 22." JCS 37 (1985),219-228.
2384. -. "Sumerian Love Songs." RA 79 (1985), 127-159.
2385. Anbar, M. "Textes de l'epoque babylonienne aneienne." RA
69 (1975), 109-136.
2386. Arnaud, Daniel. "La prostitution sacree en Mesopotamie, un
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2554. Moorey, P. R. S. "What do we know about the people
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2569. Reiner, Erica. "A Surnero-Akkadian Hymn of Nana." JNES
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2588. Sack, Ronald H. "Some Remarks on Jewelry Inventories
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2590. Sasson, J. M. Review of Jean-Marie Durand, ed., La Femme
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I
V,',:,', "

!!"l::
-I
;.l
13. WOMEN AND WOMANHOOD AMONG 1HE HITTITES
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In Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the
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M. A. Morrison. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1987.
2717. Haas, Volkert, and Thiel, Hans Jochern. Die Beschwrung-
rituale der AliaituraU(bi) und verwandte Texte. Hurrito-
logische Studien 2. AOA T 31. Kevelaer: Butzon & Berck-
er/Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1978. the
Shugi priestess; the goddess Shawushka
2718. Koschaker, P. Neue keilschriftliche Rechsturkunden aus der El-
Amarna Zeit. ASA W 39N. Leipzig: Hirzel, 1928.
,:1 '
2719. Lachernan, E. R. "Nuzi Personal Narnes." JNES 8 (1949),
48-55.
2720. -. Economic and Social Documents. HSS, vol. 16. Carn-
bridge: Harvard University Press, 1958.
2721. -. Family Law Documents. HSS, vol. 19. Cambridge: Har-
vard University Press, 1962.
2722. -. "Real Estate Adoption by Wornen in the Tablets from
NuzL" AOAT 22. In Orient and Occident: Essays Presented
to Cyrus H. Gordon on the Occasion of His Sixty-Fifth Birth-
day, pp. 99-100. Edited by Harry A. HoHner, Jr. AOAT
22. Kevelaer: Butzon & BercknerINeukirchen-Vluyn:
-- --Neukirchener Verlag; 1973.- ------- ---- --- - ----
2723. Maidrnan, Maynard Paul. "A Socio-Economic Analysis of
Nuzi Family Archives." Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsyl-
vania, 1976.
2724. -. "The Te1.J.ip-Tilla Family oE Nuzi: A Genealogical Recon-
struction." JCS 28 (1976), 127-155.
2725. Mayer, Walter. N"lzi-Studien 1. AOAT 205/1. Kevelaer:
Butzon & Bercker/Neukirchen-VIuyn: Neukirchener Ver-
lag, 1978.
2726. Morrison, Martha A. "The Family of Shilwa-Teshub mar
sharri." Jes 31 (1979),3-29.
2727. Paradise, J. S. "Nuzi Inheritance Practices." Ph.D. diss., Uni-
versity oE Pennsylvania, 1972.
2728. -. "A Daughter and Her Father's Property at NuzL" JCS 32
(1980), 189-207. TeIls how a daughter can be given the
legal status of son.
2729. -. "Marriage Contracts oE Free Persons at Nuzi." JCS 39
(1987), 1-36. '
2730. -. "Daughters as 'Sons' at Nuzi." In Studies on the Civiliza-
tion and Culture ofNuzi and the Humans, vol. 2, pp. 203-
213. Edited by D. 1. Owen and M. A. Morrison. Winona
Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1987.
Women and Womanhood among the Hurrians
215
2731. Pfeiffer, R. H., and Speiser, E. A. One Hundred New Selected
Nuzi Texts. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental
Research, vol. 16. New Haven: American Schools of Ori-
ental Research, 1936.
2732. Porada, Edith. "The Origin of Winnirke's Cylinder S ~ a l . "
fNES 5 (1946), 257-259.
2733. Skaist, Aaron. "The Authority of the Brother at Arrapha
and Nuz (Nuzi)." JAOS 89 (1969), 10-17.
2734. Speiser, E. A. New Kirkuk Documents Relating to Family Laws.
Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research,
vol. 10. New Haven: American Schools of Oriental Re-
- - --- search; 1930. -- - - - -- - -- --- ---
2735. -. "A Significant New Will from Nuzi." JCS 17 (1963), 65-
71. Tells how Ukkie the daughter was appointed co-
parent of the sons of Arippabni
2736. Stohlmun, St. C. "Real Adoption ut Nuzi." Ph.D. diss.,
2737. Yankovskaya, N. B. "The Decline of the Extended Family
Community in the Neur East of the 2nd Millenium ~ . C . "
Ph.D. diss., Leningrud, 1959 (in Russian).
2738. -. "The Landownership of Extended Family House Com-
rnunities in the Cuneiform Sources. " Vestni'k Drevney Istorii
7, no. 1 (1959),35-71 (in Russian).
15. WOMEN AND WOMANHOOD AT UGARIT
2739. AhI, Sally W. "Epistolary Texts from Ugarit." Ph.D. diss.,
Brandeis, 1973. Indudes letters to and from women.
2740. Amiet, P. "Deesses d'Ugarit au XIve siede." AAAS 29-30
(1979-80), 163-166.
2741. Astour, Michael C. "Some New Divine Names from Ugarit."
JAOS 86 (1966), 277-284.
2742. -. "La triade de deesses de fertilite a Ugarit et en Grece."
In Ugaritica 6, pp. 9-23. Paris: Geuthner, 1969.
2743. -. "King Ammurapi and the Hittite Princess." UF 12
(1980), 103-108. ElJli-Nikkalu daughter of the Hittite
king and wife oi King Ammurapi of Ugarit.
2744. Barrelet, M.-T. "Les deesses armees et ailees." Syria 32
(1955), 222-260.
2745. Beyer, Dominique. "Ougarit. Les sceaux-cylinders." MDB,
no.48 (March-April 1987), 31-32.
2746. Brooke, George J. "The Textual, Formal and Historieal
Signiiicance of Ugarit Letter RS 34.124 (= KTU 2.72)."
UF 11 (1979), 69-87.
2747. Cardascia, G. "Adoption matrimoniale et levirat dans le
droit d'Ugarit." RA 64 (1970), 119-126.
2748. Cassuto, U. "The Seven Wives of King Keret." BASaR, no.
119 (1950), 18-20.
2749. -. The Goddess Anath. Translated by Israel Abrahams. Jeru-
salem: Magnes, 1971.
2750. Caubet, Annie. "Chante en I'honneur de Baal." MDB, no.
48 (March-April 1987), 33. horns decorated with a
naked goddess.
216
Women and Womanhood at Ugarit 217
2751. Cazelles, H. "L'Hymne Ugaritique a 'Anat." Syria 33 (1956),
237.
2752. -. "Quelle vie Ja deesse Anat proposait-elle au jeune
chasseur Aqht?" AAAS 29-30 (1979-80), 181-183.
2753. Clifford, RicharD. "Proverbs 9: A Suggested Ugaritic Paral-
lel." VT 25(1975), 298-306.
2754. CHnes, D. J. A. "KRT 111-114 (I iii 7-10): Gatherers of
Wood and Drawers of Water." UF 8 (1976), 23-26.
2755. Coogan, M. D. Stories {rom Ancient Canaan. Philadelphia:
Westminster, 1978.
2756. Coote, R. B. "The Serpent und Sacred Marriage in North-
west Semitic Tradition." Ph.D. diss., Harvard, 1972.
2757. Cunchillos, J.L. "KTU 2.21-Lettre addressee a la Reine.
IBRKD a trasmis le message de la Reine." UF 13 (1981),
45-48.
2758. -. "Ougarit. Les dieux." MDB, no. 48 (March-April 1987),
38-39.
2759. -. "Que mere se rejouisse de pere. Traduction et commen-
taire de KTU 2.16." In Ascribe to the LORD, pp. 3-10.
Edited by Lyle Eslinger and GIen Taylor. JSOT Supple-
ment Series, no. 67. SheffieId: JSOT Press, 1988.
2760. -. Estudios de epistologar{ia ugaritica. Fuentes de la Ciencia
biblica 3. Valencia: Instituci6n San Jer6nimo, 1989.
2761. Del Olmo Lette, G. "Notes on Ugaritic Semantics N." UF 10
(1978), 37-46.
2762. -. "Le mythe de Ja Vierge-Mere 'Anatu. Une nouvelle
interpretation de CTA/KTU 13." UF 13 (1981), 49-62.
2763. Dietrich, M., and Loretz, O. "Ans(t) und (M)ins(t) 1m
Ugaritischen." UF 9 (1977),47-50.
2764. -. "Das Portrt einer Knigin in KTU 1.14 I 12-15. Zur
ugaritischen Lexikographie (XVIII)." UF 12 (1980), 199-
204.
218
2765.
2766.
2767.
2768.
- -2769.
"Ugaritisch '! r,
agt." UF 16 (1984), 57-62.
und
Dietrich, M.; Loretz, 0.; and Sanmartfn, J. "Ein Brief des
Knigs an die Knigin-Mutter (RS 11.872 = CTA .50).
Zur Frage ug. irt = hebr. 'sh?" UF 6 (1974), 460-462.
Eaton, A. W. "The Goddess Anat: The History of Her CuIt,
Her Mythology, and Her Iconography." Ph.D. diss., Yale
University, 1964.
Fensharn, F. C. "Winged Gods and Goddesses in the Uga-
ritic Tablets." OrAnt 5 (1966), 157-164.
Garr, W. Randall. "Population ih- Ancient Ugarit."BASOR,-- - - -
no. 266 (1987), 31-43.
2770. Gibson, John C. L. Canaanite Myths and Legends. Edinburgh:
T. & T. Clark, 1978.
2771. Ginsberg, H. L. "Wornen Singers and-Wail'ers Among the
Northern Canaanites." BASOR, no. 72 (1938), 13-15.
2772. -. "The North-Canaanite Myth of Anath and
BASOR, no. 97 (1945), 3-10; no. 98 (1945), 15-23.
2773. Gordon, Cyrus H. "Ugaritic Rbt/Rabrtu." In Ascribe to the
Lord, pp. 127-132. Edited by Lyle Eslinger and GIen
Taylor. JSOT Supplement Series, no. 67. Sheffield: JSOT
Press, 1988.
2774. Gray, John. "Social Aspects oE Canaanite Religion." In
Vohl1ne de Congres Geneve, 1965, pp. 170-192. VTS, vol.
15. Leiden: E. J. BriIl, 1966.
2775. -. "The Blood Bath of the Goddess Anat in the Ras Shamra
Texts." UF 11 (1979/80), 315-324.
2776. Handy, Lowell. "Dissenting Deities or Obedient Angels: Di-
vine Hierarchies in Ugarit and the Bible." Biblical Research
35 (1990), 18-35. Anat.
2777. Healey, J. F. "The Pietas of an Ideal Son in Ugarit." UF 11
(1979), 353-356. .
Women and Womanhood at Ugarit
219
2778. -. "The Sun Deity and the Underworld: Mesopotamia and
Ugarit." In Death in Mesopotamia: Papers Read at the
XXVl
e
Rencontre Assyriologique, pp. 239-242. Edited by
Bendt Alster. Copenhagen: Akadernisk Forlag, 1980.
2779. -. "The Akkadian 'Pantheon' List from Ugarit." SEL 2
(1985), 115-125.
2780. Hermann, H. "Astart." MIO 15 (1969), 6-55.
2781. Hermann, W. Yarib und Nikkal und der Preis der
Gttinnen. BZAW 106. Berlin: Tpelrnann, 1968.
2782. Hillers, Delbert R. "Analyzing the Abominable: Our Under-
-- -- - - standii1f Religion." JQR 75 (1985), 253--
269.
2783. Huehnergard, John. "RS 15.86 (PRU 3, SIE.)." UF 18
(1986), 169-171.
2784. Jirku, A. "Neue Gtter und Dmonen aus Ugarit." ArOr 41
(1973), 97-100.
2785. Kapelrud, Arvid S. The Violent Goddess. Oslo: Universitets
Forlaget, 1969.
2786. Klima, J. "Untersuchungen zum ugaritischen Erbrecht." ArOr
24 (1956),356-374.
2787. -. "Die Stellung der ugaritischen Frau." ArOr 25
313-333.
2788. -. "Le statut de la fernrne a Ugarit d'apres les textes ac-
cadiens de Ras-Sharnra." Receuils de la Societe Jean Bodin
11 (1959), 95-105.
2789. Kristensen, A. "Ugaritic Epistolary Formulas." UF 9 (1977),
143-158.
2790. Kritikos, Madeleine. "Le Culte a Ougarit." MDB, no. 48
(March-April 1987), 36-37.
2791. Khne, C. "Ammistamru und die Tochter der 'Grossen
Dame'." UF 5(1973),175-184.

2792. Lackenbacker, Sylvie. "Trois lettres d'Ugarit." In DUDMU-
Studies in Honor of Ake W. Sjberg, pp. 317-
320. Edited by Herman Behrens, Darlene Loding, and
the Samuel Noah Kramer Fund, 1989. Letters from three
persons, two of them women, and one addressed to the
queen of Ugarit.
2793. Levine, Baruch A. "Mulugu/Melug: The Origins of a Tal-
mudic Legal Institution." jA OS 88 (1968),271-285.
2794. Lipfnski, Edward. "Abat-Milki, reine d'Ugarit, et la guerre de
Mukis." Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica 12 (1981), 79-
115.
2795. -. "Les conceptions et couches merveilleuses de 'Anath."
Syria 42 (1965), 45-73.
2796. Loewenstamm, S. E. "Did the Goddess Anat Wear Side-
Whiskers and a Beard?" UF 14 (1982), 119-123.
2797. -. "Zur Lexikographie des Texts der Einladung Anats
durch Baal." UF 14 (1982), 125-128.
2798. Loretz, Oswald. "Ugaritisch skn-sknt und hebrisch skn-
sknt." ZAW 94 (1982), 123-127.
2799. -. "Zur Parallelitt Zwischen KTU 1.6 II 28-30 und Ps 131,
2b." UF 17 (1986),183-187.
2800. MacDonald, j. "The Unique Ugaritic Personnel Text KTU
4.102." UF 10 (1978), 161-173. Female personnel at-
tached to labor force of the temple
2801. Marcus, I. David, and Loewenstamm, S. E. "Did the Goddess
Anath Wear a Beard and Sidewhiskers?" Israel Oriental
Studies 4 (1974), 1-3.
2802. Margalit, B. "The KsartJlqrt Patroness-saints of Wornen."
jANES 4 (1972), 52-61.
2803. -. "The Ugaritic Tale of the Drunken Gods: Another Look
at RS 24.258 (KTU 1.114)." Maarav 2 (1979), 65-120.
2804. -. A Matter of "Life" and "Death": A Study of the Baal-Mot
Women Womanhood at Ugarit
221
Epic (eTA 4-5-6). AOAT 206. Kevelaer: Butzon &
Bercker/Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1980.
2805. -. The Ugaritic Poem of AQHT: Text-Translation-Com1Jten-
tary. BZA W 182. Berlin & New York: Walter de Gruyter,
1989.
2806. Mettinger, T. N. D. The Dethronement ofSabaoth-Studies in
the Shem and Kabod Theologies. Coniectanea Biblica, OT
Series 18. Lund: CWK Gleerup, 1982. Ashtart Shern-Baal
2807. Metzger, M. "Gottheit, Berg, und Vegetation in vorder-
orientalischer Bildtradition." ZDPV 99 (1983), 54-94.
2808. Miller, G. I. "Studies in the Juridical Texts from Ugarit."
Ph.D. diss., johns Hopkins University, 1980.
2809. Miller, Patrick D., jr. "Ugarit and the History of Religions."
jNSL 9 (1981), c. 119-128.
2810. Moor, Johannes C. deo "The Semitic Pantheon of Ugarit."
UF 2 (1970), 187-228.
2811. -. "An Incantation Against Infertility (KTU 1.13)." UF 12
(1980), 305-310.
2812. -. "Athtartu the Huntress." (KTU 1.92) UF 17 (1986),
225-230.
2813. -. "The Crisis of Polytheism in Late Bronze Age Ugarit."
OTS 24 (1986), 1-20.
2814. -. "East ofEden." ZAW 100 (1988), 105-111. KTU 1.100;
1.107; Gen. 2-3
2815. Moran, W. L. "The ScandaI of the 'Great Sin' at Ugarit."
jNES 18 (1959), 280-281.
2816. Muntingh, L. M. "The Social and Legal Status of a Free
Ugaritic Female." jNES 26 (1967), 102-112.
2817. Pardee, D. "A New Ugaritic Letter." BO 34 (1977), 3-20.
Pente-Shenna the daughter of the King of Amurru. and
wife of Ammishtamru III of Ugarit; adultery; RS 34.124.
"
1I
2818. -. "A Philologieal and Prosodie Analysis of the Ugaritie
Serpent Ineantation UT 607." JANES 10 (1988), 73-108.
mare goddess.
2819. -. "Ougarit. La vie quotidienne sur des tablettes." MDB, no.
48 (March-April 1987), 29-31.
2820. Parker, S. B. "The Marriage Blessing in Israelite and Ugaritie
Literature." JBL 9S (1976), 23-30.
2821. -. The Pre-Biblical Narrative Tradition: Essays on the Ugaritic
Poems Keret and Aqhat. SBL Sources for Biblical Study, 24.
2822. Parnas, Moshe. "Epic and Realia in Family Life at Ugarit."
BM 32 (1986/87), 187-196 (in Hebrew).
2823. Pope, Marvin H. "Ups and Downs in El's Amours." UF 11
(1979), 701-708.
2824. Rainey, Anson F. "Organized Religion at Ugarit." Christian
News (rom Israel 15 (1964), 16-21. klt bt ~ p s ; bn ndr
2825. -. "Family Relationships in Ugarit." Orientalia, n.s., 34
(1965), 10-22.
2826. -. Review of Wolfram Herrmann, Yarih und Nikkal und der
Preis der Kut.art-Gttinnen. JAOS 90 (1970),532-536.
2827. Richardson, H. Neil. "A Ugaritic Letter of a King to His
Mother." JBI 66 (1947), 321-324.
2828. Rummel, T. S. "The 'NT Text: A Critical Translation."
Ph.D. diss., Claremont Graduate SchooI, 1978.
2829. SeIms, A. van. Marriage and Family Lire in Ugaritic Literature.
Pretoria Oriental Series, no. 1. London: Luzac, 1954.
2830. -. "The Root k-l-r and Its Derivatives in Ugaritic Litera-
ture." UF 11 (1979), 739-744.
2831. Soldt, W. H. van. "Tb$r, Queen of Ugarit." UF 21 (1989),
389-392.
2832. Tsevat, M. "Marriage and Monarchieal Legitimacy in Ugarit
and Israel." JCS 3 (1958), 237-243.
Women and Womanhood at Ugarit
223
2833. -. "Comments on the Ugaritie Text UT 52." EI 14 (1978),
24-27.
2834. Vawter, Bruee. "Yahweh: Lord of the Heavens and the
Earth." CBQ 48(1986), 461-467. qnyt ilm '!rt.
2835. Ward, W. "La deesse nourriciere d'Ugarit." Syria 46 (1969),
225-239.
2836. Watson, W. G. E. "Ugaritic and Mesopotamian Literary
Texts." UF 9 (1977), 273-284.
2837. -. "Gender-Matched Synonymous Parallelism in Ugaritic
Poetry." UF 13 (1981), 181-187.
2838. Wyatt, N. "The Identity of Mt w Sr." UF 9 (1977), ~ 7 9 -
381. CTA 23; sacred marriage rite.
2839. -. "The 'Anat Stela from Ugarit and its Ramifications." UF
16 (1984), 327-337.
2840. Yaron, Reuven. "A Royal Divorce at Ugarit." Orientalia, n.s.
32 (1967), 21-39.
2841. Young, Dwight W. "With Snakes and Dates: A Sacred
Marriage Drama ur Ugarit." UF 9 (1977),291-314.
2842. Xella, P. "Tu sei mio frarello ed io sonon tua sorella (KTU
1.18.1.24)." Aula Orientalis 2 (1984), 151-153.
16. WOMEN AND WOMANHOOD IN ELAM AND PERSIA
2843. Benveniste, E. "Les classes sociales dans la tradition avesti-
que." Journal Asiatique
J
1932, pp. 116-134.
2844. Cameron, George C. Early History of Iran. Chicago: Univer-
sity oE Chicago Press, 1936.
2845. -. "Darius's Daughter and the Persepolis Inscriptions."
JNES 1 (1942), 214-218.
2846. Cook, J. M. The Persian Empire. London: J. M. Dent, 1983.
2847. Dandamaev, M. A., and Lukonin, V. The Culture and Social
Institutions of Ancient Iran. English edition edited by Philip
1. Kohl with the assistance oE D. J. Dodson. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1989.
2848. Erdmann, Kurt. Die Kunst Irans Zur Zeit der Sasaniden, Ber-
lin: F. KupEerberg, 1943. .
2849. Frye, Richard N. The Heritage of Persia. Oxford: Clarendon
Press, 1966.
2850. HerzEeid, Ernst F. Iran in the Ancient Near East. New York:
OxEord University Press, 1941.
2851. Hirsch, H. "Zum Fluss-Ordal in Elam." RA 67 (1973), 75-77.
2852. Klfma, J. "Zur Problematik der Ehe-Institution im alten
Iran." ArOr 34 (1966), 554-569.
2853. -. "Das Wasserordal in Elam." ArOr 39 (1971), 401-424.
2854. Kramer, CaroI. Village Ethnoarchaeology: Rural Iran in Ar-
chaeological Perspective. New York: Academic Press, 1982.
2855. Mazaheri, A. A. La familie iranienne aux temps ante-islam-
iques. Ph.D. diss., Paris, 1938.
2856. Pomeroy, Sarah B. "The Persian King and the Queen Bee."
American Journal of Ancient History 9 (1984), 98-108.
224
2857.
2858.
2859.
2860.
2861.
2862.
2863.
2864.
2865.
2866.
2867.
2868.
17. WOMEN AND WOMANHOOD AMONG THE
PHOENICIANS
BarreIet, Marie'-Therese. "Deux deesses syro-pheniciennes
sur un bronze du Louvre." Syria 35 (1958), 27-44.
Benigni, G. "Il 'segno di Tanit' in Griente." RSF 3 (1975),
17-18.
Bonnet, C., Liplnski, E., and Marchetti, P., eds. Studia
Phoenicia IV: Religio Phoenicia. Nanur: Societe des Etudes
classiques, 1986.
Branden, Albert van den. "La triade phenicienne." Bibbia e
Oriente 23 (1981), 35-63. Athtart at Si don, Baalat-Milk
at Byblos, Shtart at Tyre; goddess{es)
Contenau, G. La civilisation Phenicienne. rev. Paris: Payot,
1949.
Dall'olmo, M. O. "A Phoenician Goddess in the Papyrus
Anastasi IV." RSF 9 (1981), 1-4.
DeI 01mo Lete, Gregorio. "Atiratu's Entreaty and the Order
oE the Ugaritic Tablets KTU 1.3/4." Aula Orientalis 1
(1983), 67-71.
Dekor M. "L'inscription phenicienne de la statuette
d'As;arte conservee a Seville." Melanges de rUniversite
-Saint Joseph 45 (1969),319-341.
-. "Le hieros gamos d'Astarte." RSF 2 ( 1 9 7 ~ ) , 63-76.
du Buisson, Du Mensil. "Origine et evolution du pantheon
de Tyre." RHR 164 (1963), 133-163.
Falsone, G. "Il simbolo di Tanit a Mozia e nella Sicilia
punica." RSF 6 (1978), 137-151.
Fantar, M. H. "A propos d'Ashtart en Mediterranee oc-
cidentale." RSF 1 (1973), 19-29.
225
18. ASHERAH: BOOKS, ARTICLES, AND DISSERTATIONS
2883. Ahlstrm, G. W. Aspects of Syncretism in Israelite Religion.
Translated by Eric J. Sharpe. Lund: C. W. K. Gleerup,
1963.
2884. Albright, W. F. "Anath and the Dragon." BASOR, no. 84
(1941), 14-17.
2885. -. "The Evolution of the West-Semitic Divinity 'An- 'Anat-
_ 'Atta." AjSL 41 (1925), 73-101; critical notes 283-285._
2886. -. "The Goddess of Life and Wisdom." AjSL 36 (1920),
273.
2887. -. "A Vow to Asherah in the Keret Epic." BASOR, no. 94
(1944), 30-31.
2888. Angerstorfer, Andreas. "'Aserah als 'Consort of Jahwe'
oder Asirtah?" BN 17 (1982), 7-16.
2889. Auld, A. Graeme. "A Judean Sanctuary of 'Anat Uosh. 15:
59)?" Tel Aviv 4 (1977), 85-86.
2890. Barnett, R. D. " 'Anath, Ba'al and Pasargadae." Melanges de
I'Universite St. joseph (eyrouth) 45 (1969),405-22.
2891. Beck, Pirhiya. "The Drawings from I:Iorvat Teiman
(Kuntillet 'Ajrud)." Tel Aviv 9 (1982),3-68.
2892. Bernhardt, Karl-Heinz. "Aschera in Ugarit und im Alten
Testament." MIO 13 (1967), 163-174.
2893. Betlyon, Jolm Wilson. "The Cult of 'Aserah/'Elat at Sidon."
jNES 44 (1985), 53-56.
2894. Brink, Marthinus Beyers. "A Philological Study of Texts in
Connection with A ~ t a r t and A!irat in the Ugaritic Lan-
guage." D.Litt. diss., University of Stellenbosch, 1979.
2895. Butterworth, E. A. S. The Tree at the Navel ofthe Earth. Ber-
lin: Walter de Gruyter & Co., 1970.
227
2896. Carter, Jane Burr. "The Masks of Ortheia." A]A 91 (1987)
355-386. '
2897. Cassuto, U. "Journey of Asherah in 11 AB, IV, 1-18 from
Ugarit." Tarbiz 20 (1949),354 (in Hebrew).
2898. Cooper, Alan. "A Note on the Vocalization of 'aStoret."
ZAW 102 (1990), 98-100.
2899. Cross, Frank Moore Jr. "The Old Phoenician Inscription
from Spain Dedicated to Hurrian Astarte." HTR 64
(1971), 189-195.
2900. Day, JOI111. "Asherah in the Hebrew Bible and Northwest
Semitic Literature." ]BL 105 (1986), 385-408.
2901. Dever, William G. "Asherah, Consort of Yahweh? New Evi-
dence from Kuntillet 'Ajnld." BASOR, no. 255 (1984)
21-37. '
2902. -. "Recent Archaeological Confirmation of the Cult of
Asherah in Ancient Israel." Hebrew Studies 23 (1982) 37-
43. '
2903. Dexter, Miriam Robbins. Whence the Goddesses: A Source
Book. New York: Pergamon Press, 1990.
2904. Dietrich, M., and Loretz, O. '1ahwe und seine Aschera": An-
thropomorphes Kultbild in Mesopotamien, Ugarit und Israel:
des biblische Bildverbot. Mnster: UGARIT-Verlag, 1992.
2905. Dothan, M. "Ten Seasons of Excavation at Ancient Acco."
Qadmoniyot 18 (1985),2-14 (in Hebrew).
2906. Dussaud, R. "Astarte, Pontos et Baal." CRAIBL, 1947, pp.
201-204.
2907. Emerton, J. A. "New Light on Israelite Religion: The
Implications of the Inscriptions from Kuntillet 'Ajrud."
ZAW 94 (1982), 2-20.
2908. Engle, James Robert. "Pillar Figurines of Iron Age Israel and
Asherah/Asherim." Ph.D. diss., University of Pittsburgh
1979. '
2909. Fensham, F. C. "The Numeral Seventy in the Old Testa-
ment and the Family of Jerubbaal, Ahab, Panammuwa
Asherah: Books, Articles, and Dissertations
229
and Athirat." PEQ 109 (1977), 113-115.
2910. Freedman, David Noel. "Yahweh of Samaria and His
Asherah." BA 50 (1987), 51-59.
2911. Gamer, Gordon G. "Kuntillet 'Ajrud: An Intriguing Site in
Sinai." Burie_d History 14, no. 2 (1978), 1-16.
2912. Gaster, Theodor H. "A King without a Castle-Baal's Ap-
peal to Asherat." BASOR 101 (1946), 21-30.
2913. GiluIa, Mordechai. "To Yahweh Shomron and His Ashe-
rah." SHNATON 3 (1978-79), 129-137 (in Hebrew);
English summary xv-xvi.
2914. Ginsberg, H. L. "Did Anath Fight the Dragon?" BASOR, no.
84 (1941), 12-14.
29.15. Hadley, Judith M. "The Khirbet el-Qom Inscription." vr 37
(1987), 50-62.
2916. - "Some Drawings and Inscriptions on Two Pithoi from
Kuntillet 'Ajrud." VT 37 (1987), 180-213.
2917. -. "Yahweh's Asherah in the Light of Recent Discovery."
Ph.D. diss., St. John's College, Cambridge University,
1989.
2918. Herrmann, Wolfram. "Astart." MlO 15 (1969), 6-55.
2919. Hestrin, Ruth. "The Cult Stand from Taanach and Its Reli-
gious Background." In Studia Phoenicia 5, pp. 61-77.
Leuven: Peeters, 1987.
2920. -. "The Lachish Ewer and the 'Asherah." lE] 37 (1987),
212-223.
2921. Hommel, Fritz. "Asherah among the Ancient Minaeans."
Expository Times 11 (1899-1900), 190.
2922. Hrig, Monika. Dea Syria: Studien zur religisen Tradition der
Fruchtbarkeitsgttin in Vorderasien. AOAT 208. Kevelaer:
Butzon & Bercker/Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Ver-
lag, 1979.
2923. Jaros, Kar!. "Zur Inschrift Nr. 3 von ljirbet el-Qm." BN 19
(1982), 31-40.
2924. Jensen, P. "Die Gtter Amurru() und Asratu." ZA 11
(1896-97), 302-305. .
2925. Jeppesen, Knut. "Micah V 13 in the Light of aRecent Ar-
chaeological Discovery." VT 34 (1984), 462-466.
2926. Keel, Othmer, und Uehlinger, Christoph. Gttinnen, Gtter
und Gottessymbole. Freiburg: Herder, 1992.
2927. Koch, K. "Aschera als Himmelsknigin in Jerusalem." UF 20
(1988), 97-120.
2928. Leibovitch, J. "Kent et Qadech." Syria 38 (1961),23-34.
2929. Lemaire, Andre. "Date eLorigine des Inscriptions he- __
braiques et pheniciennes de Kuntillet 'Ajrud." SEL 1
(1984), 133-143.
2930. -. "Les Inscriptions de Khirbet el-Qm et l'asherah de
Yhwh." RB 84 (1977), 595-608.
2931. -. "Who or What was Yahweh's Asherah?" BAR 10, no. 6
(1984), 42-51.
2932. Lipfnski, Edward. "The Goddess Atirat in Ancient Arabia, in
Babyion, and in Ugarit." Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica 3
(1972), 101-119.
2933. -. "The Syro-Palestinian Iconography of Woman and
Goddess (Review Article)." IE] 36 (1986), 87-96.
2934. L0kkegaard, Frede. "The Canaanite Divine Wetnurses."
StTh 10 (1956): 53-64.
2935. Loretz, O. " 'Anat-Aschera (Hos 14,9) und die Inschriften
von Kuntillet 'Ajrud." SEL 6 (1989), 57-65.
2936. Louie, Wallace. "The Meaning, Characteristics and Role of
Asherah in Old Testament Idolatry in Light of Extra-Bibli-
cal Evidence." Th.D. diss., Grace Theological
1988.
2937. McKay, J. W. "HeleI and the Dawn-Goddess, a Re-examina-
tion of the Myth in Isaiah XIV 12-15." VT 20 (1970),
451-464.
'1
Asherah: Books, Articles, and Dissertations
231
2938. Maclauren, Edward. "The Canaanite Background to the
Doctrine of the Virgin Mary." Religious Traditions 3
(1980), 1-11.
2939. Maier, Walter A. IIL JAserah: Extrabiblical Evidence. HSM,
no. 37. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1986.
2940. Margalit, Baruch. "The Meaning and Significance of Ashe-
rah." VT 40 (1990), 264-297.
2941. -. "Some Observations on the Inscription and Drawing
from Khirbet el-Qm." VT 39 (1989), 371-378.
2942. Merhav, Rivka. "The Stele of the 'Serpent Goddess' from
-- - --- Tell Beit Mirsim and the Plaque from Shechem Reconsid-
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2943. Meshe1, Ze'ev. Kuntillet 'Ajrud: A Religious Center from the
Time of the ]udaean Monarchy on the Border of Sinai. Israel
Museum Catalogue, no. 175. Jerusalem: Israel Museum,
1978.
2944. -. "Did Yahweh have a Consort? New Religious Inscrip-
tions from the Sinai." BAR 5, 2 (1979), 24-35.
2945. -. "The Israelite Religious Centre of Kuntillet 'Ajrud." Bul-
letin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society, 1982-1983,
pp. 52-55.
2946. Miller, Patri'ck D. Jr. "The Absence of the Goddess in
Israelite Religion." HAR 10 (1986), 239-248.
2947. Naveh, Joseph. "Graffiti and Dedications." BASOR, no. 235
(1979), 27-30.
2948. Oden, R. A., J r. "The Persistence of Canaanite Religion." BA
39 (1979),31-36.
2949. Offord, Joseph. "The Deity of the Crescent Venus in An-
cient Western Asia." ]RAS, 1915, pp. 197-203.
2950. Olyan, Saul M. "Some Observations Concerning the Iden-
tity of the Queen of Heaven." UF 19 (1987), 161-174.
2951. -. Asherah and the Cult ofYahweh in Israel. SBL Monograph
Series, no. 34. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1988.
2952. Patai, Raphael. "The Goddess Asherah." JNES 24 (1965),
37-52.
2953. Perlman, Alice. "Asherah and Astarte in the Old Testa-
ment." Ph.D. diss., Graduate Theological Union, 1978.
2954. Pettey, Richard J. Asherah Goddess of Israel. American Uni-
versity Studies Series VII, Theology and Religion, vol. 74.
New York: Peter Lang, 1990.
2955. Piper, Vera Lydia. "Uprooting Traditional Interpretation: A
Consideration of Tree Worship in the Migration of Abra-
ham." Ph.D. diss., University of New York at Buffalo,
1989.
2956. Reed, William L. The Asherah in the ald Testament. Fort
Worth: Texas Christi an University Press, 1949.
2957. Smith, Mark S. "God Male and Female in the Old Testa-
ment: Yahwch and His 'Asherah'." TS 48 (1987), 333-
340.
2958. Tigay, Jeffrey H. You Shal/ Have No ather Gods: Israelite
Religion in the Light of Hebrew Inscriptions. HSM, no. 31.
2959. Wallace, Howard N. The Eden Narrative. HSM, no. 32.
2960. Weinfeld, Moshe. "Kuntillet 'Ajrud Inscriptions and their
Significance." SEL 1 (1984), 121-130.
2961. Whit, William D. "The Divorce of Yahweh and Asherah in
Hos 2.4-7. 12ff." Scandinavian Journal of the ald Testa-
ment 6 (1992), 31-67.
2962. Wiggins, Steve A. A Reassessment of <cAsherah/' AOAT 235.
KeveIaer: Butzon & Bercker/Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neu-
kirchener Verlag, 1993.
2963. Yamashita, Tadanori. "The Goddess Asherah." Ph.D. diss.,
Yale University, 1964.
2964. Zevit, Ziony. "The Khirbet e1-Qm Inscription Mentioning
a Goddess." BASOR, 110.255 (1984),39-47.
AUTHOR INDEX
'Amr, Abdel-Jalil 127-129
Abdulillah, F. 2705
Abel, F .M. 626
Abramowitz, Chaim 627-628
Abrams, Judith Z. 629
Abramsky, S. 630
Abschlag, W. 631
Abusch, Tzvi 2376
Achetemeier, Elizabeth 209
Achterneier, Paul J. 210
Ackerman, James S. 632-633
Ackroyd, Peter A. 634-635
Adams, Charles 211
Adams, Queenie M. 212
Adelman, Joseph 1
Adinolfi, M. 213-214, 636-637
Adler, Elaine June 1972
Aguilar, Grace 215
Aharoni, R. 638
Aharoni, Y. 639
AbI, SaUy W. 2739
Ahlstrm, G. W. 640,2883
Ahuvyah, A. 641-643
Ahyoueny, M 2299
Aitken, Kenneth T. 644
Al-A'dami, K. A. 2377
Al-Fouadi, Abdul-Hadi 2378
Al-Gailani-Shakir, Burhan 123
Al-Gailani-Werr, Lamia 122-123
al-Jadir, Walid 122
Al-Khalesi, Yasin M. 2632
Albenda, Pauline 124
Albertz, Rainer 645
Albright, W. F. 2884-2887
Aldred, Cyril 1998, 2072-2073
Aletti,lean-Noel 646-647
Alexander, George M. 216
Alexander, T. D. 648
Alexander, William 2
Allarn, Schafik 2074-2086
Allen, C. G. 649
Allen, T. G. 2087
Alster, B. 2379-2384
AltenmiiUer, H. 2088-2090
Alter, Robert 217, 650
Altpeter, Gerda 651
233
Alvarez, Oses, J. A. 652
Amar, A. L. 2166
Amiet, P. 2740
Amiran, Ruth 125-126
Amit, Yairah 653-655
Amram, D. W. 218
Amsler, S. 656
Anbar (Bernstein), Moshe 657-
658,2385,2633
Anderlini, Giampaoh 659
Anderson, A. A. 660
Anderson, Berhard W. 661
Anderson, F. 662
Anderson, Gary 663
Anderson, I. David 664
Andreason, Niels-Erik 665
Andriolo, K. R. 666
Angerstorfer, Andreas 2888
Apostolos-Cappadona, Diane 667-
668
Aptowitzer, V. 669
Ararat, Nissan 670-672
Arbeli, Shoshana 1973
Archi, Alfonso 2654,2697-2698
Arensburger, B. 130
Armstrong, A. H. 1999
Amaud, Daniel 2386
Amold, Patrick M. 219,673
Aro, J 2311
Arom, N. 674
Arpali, Boaz 675
Artzi, P. 2634-2635
Aschkenasy, Nehama 220,676
Aschliman, Sylvia A. 677
Asensio, F. 678
Asher-Greve, 1. M. 2312
Asmussen, Jes Peter 679
Assman, Jan 2091
Aston, Sophia 221
Astour, Michael C. 680,2741-
2743
Attridge, Harold A. 53
Auffret, Pierre 222
Augustin, Matthias 681
Augustinovich, Agustin 223
Auld, A. Graeme 2889
234
Aviezer, Nathan 682
Avigad, Nahman 131-135,683
Azarpay, G. 2387
Bach, Alice 224,684
Bachofen, Johann Jacob 3
Backer, Louis de 4
Baer, Klaus 2000
Bailey,J.A. 685,2388
Bailey, R. C. 225
Baines, John 2001,2002
Bakan, David 226
Bakir, Abd e1-Mohsen 2003
Bakon, Shimon 686-687
Bakry, Hassan S. K. 2092
BaI, Mieke 227-232,688-689,
1254
Baldensperger, Ph. J. 690
Baldwin, George Colfax 233
Ball, C. J. 691
Ballow, Patricia K. 5
Balmuth, M. S. 169
Balpinar, Belkis 268
Baltzer, Klaus 692
Balz-Cochois, Helgard 234, 693,
1974
Bar-Asher, Mordechai 694
Bar-Efrat. S. 235
Bardeche, Maurice 6
Bardis, P. D. 2093
Barilqo, H. 695
Barnard, David 236
Barnett, R D. 136-138,2655,
2890
Barre, Michael L. 2389
Barrelet, Marie-Therese 139,2744,
2857
Barron, Mary Catherine 696
Barstad, Hans M. 697
Barta, Winfried 2094
Bartimus, Riidiger 698
Bartolomei, M. C. 601
Barton, George A. 699
Baskin, Judith R 700
Bass, Dorothy C. 701
Basserman, Lujo 7
Batten, J. Rowena 237
Batten, L.W. 702
Batto,B.F.2636-2637
Baudissin, Wolf Wilhe1m Friedrich
238
Bauer-Kayatz, Christa 239
Bayliss, D. 2313
Warnen in the Biblical Warld
Beard, Mary R. 8-9
Beattie, D. RG. 703-707
Beauvoir, Simone de 10
Beck, P. 140,2891
Becker, Joachim 708
Beckman, Gary 54,2656-2657
Bedell, Ellen 2004
Beek, M. A. 709
Beer, Georg 240
Beeston, A. F. L. 710
Begrich, J. 711
Bekkenkarnp,Jonneke 712
Belkin, S. 713
Bellefontaine, Elizabeth 714-715
Ben-Abu, David 1975
Ben-Arie, Sarah 141-142
Ben-Baraq, Zafrira 55, 716-722
Ben-Reuven, S. 723-724
Ben-Tor, A. 143
Ben-Yasher, M. 725
Benedetti, B. 2390
Benedite, G. 2005
Benigni, G. 2858
Benjamin, Don C. 726-727
Bennett, Anne McGrew 728-730
Benveniste, E. 2843
Berg, Sandra Beth 242
Berg, Werner 731-732
Bergant, Dianne 733-735
Bergerk, P. R. 736
Bergin, Helen 737
Bergman, J. 2095
Berlandini-Grenier, J. 2096
Berlin, Adele 243, 738-740
Bernard-Delapierre, G. 2097
Bernhardt, Karl-Heinz 2892
Bernstein, Moshe J. 741
Bertman, Stephen 144, 742
Bedyon, John Wilson 2893
Betty, R. 11
Beuken, W. A. M. 743-744
Beyer, Dominique 2745
Beyer, Johanna 12
Beyerle, Stefan 745
Beylin, Z. 746
Biagov, L. N. 2658
Biale, David 747
Biddle, Mark E. 748
Bierbrier, Morris 2006-2007,
2098
Bigger, Stephen F. 749, 1976
Bilezikian, Gilbert 245
Author Index
E. 2659
Bin-Nun, S. R. 2660
Bird, Phyllis 750-756
Birot, Maurice 2638
Birt, Theodor 13
Bitter, S. 246
Black, Edith 757
Blackman, A. M. 2099
Blakely, J. A. 145
Blankenberg-van Delden, C. 2100-
2103
Bledstein, Adrien Janis 758-761
Bleeker, C. J. 2104
Blenkinsopp, J. 762
Blocher, F. 2314,2595
Bloesch, Donald G. 247
. - Blondheim, Menahem 763
Blondheim, S. H. 763
Bloom, Harold 248, 760-761,
888, 1052, 1463
Bockel, P. 764-765,2105
Boecker, Hans Jochen 249
Boer, C. Den 250
Boer, P. A. H. 251
Bhl, Franz M. Th. 2391
Bohlen, Reinhold 252, 766
Bonnet, C. 2859
Bonora, Antonio 767-768
Booij, Th. 769
Borbone, Pier Giorgio 770
Bordreuil, Pierre 166
Borghauts, J. F. 2106
Boss, J. 771,327
Bosse-Griffiths, K. 2107
Bossman, David 772-773
Bostrm, Gustav 253
Bottero, J. 2392-2393
Bottini, G. Claudio 774
Bowman, C. H. 56
Branden, Albert van den 2860
Braslavi, Y. 775-776
Bratcher, R. G. 777
Bravmann, M. M. 778
Breneman, J. M. 2699
Brennen, J. P. 779
Brenner, A. B. 780
Brenner, Athalya 254-255, 781-
791
Bressan, G. 792
Breyfogle, C. 793-794
Brichto, Herbert Chan an 795
Bridenthal, Renata 14
Bridges, Susan Jane 2315
Briend, J. 796, 2394
Briffault, Robert 15
Briggs, Belinda M. 797
Brim, Charles 256
Brin, G. 57, 798
235
Brink, Marthinus Beyers 2894
Brinkmann, J. A. 2395
Briscoe, Jill. 257
Broadrib, D. 799
Broch, Yitzhak, 1. 258
Brock, Sebastian 800
Brodie, Louis 801
Bronner, Leila Leah 802
Bronznick, Norman M. 803
Brooke, George J. 2746
Brooks, B. S. 804 --
Brooks, Beatrice Allard 2396
Brown, John Pairman 805-806
Brownmiller, Susan 259
Brueggemann, W. 807-809
Bruin, Elizabeth 810
Brun, 145
Brunet, Gilbert 811
Bnu1l1er-Traut, Emma 147-148,
2008
BnU1s, J. Edgar 260
Bruppacher, Hans 812
Bryan, B. M. 2108-2110
Bryce, Mary Charles 813
Buccellati, Giorgio 2397
Buchanan, Briggs 2398
Buchanan, Isabelia Reid 261
Bull, G. T. 262
Bullough, Bonnie 17
Bullough, Vern L. 16-7
Burchard, Samuel 263
Burden, J. J. 814
Burgess, E. T. 264
Burke, J. Ashleigh 265
Burns, Camilla 1977
Bums, Dan E.- 815
Burns, RitaJ. 266
Burrows, Millar 267, 816-819
Burton, Juliette T. 268
Busch, E. 269
Bushnell, Katherine C. 270
Butterworth, E. A. S. 2895
Buttles, Janet R. 2009
Buxenbaum, Yaakov 820
Cades, J. 821
Cady, D. R. 822
, i'
I:"
:i.
I 11
; I ,j'
236
Caird
t
G. B. 271
Callaway, Mary 272
CallawaYt Phillip R. 823
Calvocoressi
t
Peter 273
Cameron
t
A. 58
Cameron
t
George C. 2844-2845
Caminos
t
R. 2111
Camp, Claudia V. 274
t
824-828
Campbellt Antony 829
Campbell, E. F., Jr. 830
Campbell, K. M. 831
Campbell, T. 832
Cafiellas, Gabriel 833-834
Capart, J. 2112
Caquot, Andre 59
Cardascia, G. 2316
t
2399
t
2700,
2747
Carmichael
t
Calum M. 275-277,
835-838
Carmo
t
Jose Mannel 5anchez 839
Carmody, Dennis Lardner 278
Carmody, J. 840
Carr
t
G. Uoyd 841
Carroll
t
Michael P. 84242
Carruba
t
O. 2661
Carter, H. 2113
Carter, Jane Burr 2896
Cartledge
t
Tony W. 843
Caspi
t
Mishael. 844-846
Cassin
t
E. 2317,2400,2701-2702
Cassuto, U. 279
t
2748-2749, 2897
Castelnuovo
t
A. 847
Caubet
t
Annie 2750
Cavalcanti, Tereza 848
Cazelles, H. 60,849-850,2751-
2752
Cerny, J. 2010-2011,2114-2117
Chamberlayne, J. H. 851,2703
Chappell' Clovis Gilham 280
Charbel. Antonio 852
Charpin, D. 2318
Chesire, J. Blunt, Jr. 853
Chotzner, J. 854
Chow, W. W. K. 2704
Christ, Carol P. 855
Christenson, Dl1ane L. 856
Civil, M. 2401-2402
Clamer, Christa 149
Clapp, Marie W. 281
Clark, David J. 857-858
Clarkson,5ha11non 859
Clifford, Richard 2753
CHnes, David J. A. 282-283,860-
862,2754
Coats, G. W. 863-867
Coche, Christiane 2118
Cody, A. I. 284
Cogan, Mordechai 868-869
Coggins, Richard 870
Cohe11, Chayim 871-873
Cohen, D. 874
Cohen, G. H. 875
Cohen, H. H. 876
Cohen, M. 877
Cohen, Shaye J. D. 878-879
Cohn, Robert L. 880
Cole, Dorothea 2119-2120
Cole, William Graharn 285
Collins, Adela Yarboro 286,881
Collins, Oral Edmond 1978
Collins, Raymond F. 882
Collins, Stanley 287
Colll1n, D. 150
Condon, Virginia 2121
Conroy, Charles288
Contenau, G. 151,2861
Conzelmann, Hans 883
Coogan, M. D. 884, 2755
Cook
t
J. M. 2846
Cook
t
Johann 885
Cooper
t
Alan 886-888
t
2898
Cooper, J. S. 2403
Coote, R. B. 289,2756
Copher, C.B. 889
Coppens, J. 890-893
Cortese, Enzo 894
Cosby, Michael R. 290
Costas, Orlando E. 895
Couroyer, Bernard 896
Couturier, Guy 897
Cowan
t
Margaret P. 1979
Cowling, G. 898
Cox, Francis August 291
Coxon, Peter W. 899-900,1022
Craghan
t
John F. 901-902
Craigie
t
Peter C. 903-904
Crane
t
T. 905
Craven
t
Toni 906
CrawleYt Joann 907
Crenshaw
t
James L. 292
t
908-909
Criado
t
R. 910
Croce
t
Ll1cia 911
Crocker, P. T. 152,912
Croix-Rosse
t
Andre de la 913
Author Index
Crook, Margaret B. 914
Cropp, Johannes 915
Cross, Earle Bennett 293
t
916
Cross, Frank Moore Jr. 294, 917t
2899
Cross, Nancy 918
Crotwell
t
He1en 295
Crsernann
t
F. 153
t
296
Cruveilhier
t
P. 919-920
Cruze-Uribe
t
Eugene 2122
CuHey, Robert C. 297
Cullican, W. 154
Cunchillos, J.L. 921
t
2757-2760
Curtis, A. H. 922
Dacquino, Pretro 61
Dales, George F. 2461
DaU'olrno
t
M. O. 2862
Dalley, Stephanie 2319-2320
t
2404
Daly, Mary 298
Dandamaev
t
Muhammad A. 2321,
2847
Danelius, Eva 923
Danielou, J. 924-925
Danker t Albert 299
Danmanville
t
J. 155
Daressy, G. 2123-2128
Darga, M. 2662
Darrt Kathryn Pfister er 300, 926
dtAuria, S. 2129
David, A. R. 2130
Davidson
t
Richard M. 927-929
Davies
t
Eryl N. 930-931
Davis
t
D. 156
Davis
t
Elizabeth G0111d 18,301
Davis, M. Stephen 932
Davis, Steve 933
Day, John 2900
Day, Peggy L. 302
Deern, Ariella 935-937
Deen, Elizabeth 303-306
Deger-Halkotzy, S. 62
Deines, H. von 2131
de Koven, Anna 19
Del Olrno Lete, Gregorio 938,
2863,2761-2762
Delcor, M. 939-942, 2864-2865
Deller, K. 2705
Derners, Patricia 307
DeMerv,1. 943
Dernpster, Stephen G. 944
De Pury, A. 934
Deroche, Michael 945-946
Derousseaux, Louis 63
Derret, J. D. M. 947
237
Descamps, P. 64
Desroches-Noblecourt, Christiane
2012-2013, 2132
Desse1
t
J. P. 157
Detrick
t
R. Blaine 308
Dellrloo
t
K. A. 948-951
Dever, William G. 162
t
2901-
2902
Dexter, Miriam Robbins 2903
Diakonoff
t
1. M 2405-2407
Diamond
t
J. A. 952
Diebner, B. J. 953-955,956
Diese1,'p. M. L. 309
Diest, Ferdinand 957
Dietrich, M. 2904,2763-2766
Dijk, J. van 2408-2409
Dijk-Hernmes, Fokkelien Van 958-
959
Dijkstra, M. 2663
Dillow
t
J. 310
Dion, Paul, E. 960
Dodson, A. M. 2133
Dohrnen, Christoph 961
Dller
t
lohannes 311-312
Domerist W. R. 962
Donadoni Roveriv,Anna Maria
2014
Donaidson, Mara E. 963
Dondelinger
t
E. 2015
Donnert H. 964
DtOriega, Guy 20
Dossin
t
G. 2639-2641 t 2410-2411
Dothan
t
M. 2905
Dothan
t
Trllde 158-159
DotYt L. Timothy 2412
Dresner
t
Samue1 965
Drimmer, Frederick 312
Driver
t
G. R. 966,2322-2323
Dryburgh, B. .314
Dubarle
t
A.-M. 967-970
du Buisson, Du Mensil 2866
DllChe
t
Jean 21
Dllman, Marce1 971
Dumas
t
A. 972
Dumbrell, W. J. 973
Dunharn, Dows 2058
t
2016
DllPOUY, Edmond 22
Dllrand, Jean-Marie 65
t
2590,
2642-2643
,I.
',I
238
Dus, Jan 974
Dussaud, R. 2906
Duvshani, M. 975-976
Eakins, J. Kenneth 977
Eaton, A. W. 2767
Ebeling, Erich 2413
Eberharter, A. 316
Edwards,1. E. S. 2134
Edzard, D. O. 2414
Egender, D. 66
Eggebrecht, Arne 2056
Ehrlich, Z. H. 978
Eichler, Barry L. 2706-2707
Eider, Dorothy 316
Eilers, Wilhelm 2324
__ El-Amir,Mustafa 2135
el-Dwakhly, Zenab 2185
EI-Sayed, R. 2136
Eller, Vernard 317
Ellermeier , F. 67
Ellington, John 979-980
Ellis, Bob R. 981
Ellis, Maria DeJ. 2415-2416
Ellison, H. L. 982
Emanueli, Moshe 983-986
Emerton, J. A. 987-989,2907
Emmerson, G. I. 990
Emswiler, Sharon Neufer 318
Engar, Ann W. 991
Engelbach, R. 2137
Engelken, Karen 3 19
Engelsman, Joan Chamberlain 320
Engert, Thadaeus 321
Engle, James Robert 2908
Epstein,L. M. 322-333
Epting, Ruth 241,324
Erdmann, Kurt 2848
Erman, Adolf 2017
Escudero, M. 992
Eskenazi, Tamara C. 283
Eslinger, Lyle 993-995
Evans, Mary T. 325
Exum, J. Cheryl 326-327,996-
1001, 1224
Eybers, I. I. 1002-1003
Eynde, Pierre van den 1004
Eyre, C. J. 2138
Fabretti, N. 1005
Fadhil, A. 2417-2418
Falasca, M. 1006
Fales, F. M. 2419
Falk, Marcia 328
Falk, Z. W. 329, 1007-1010
Falkenstein, A. 2420,2325
Falkowitz, R. 2421
Falsone, G. 2867
Fantar, M. H. 2868
Farber, Gertrud 2422
Farber, W. T. 2311,2326
Farber-Fliigge, Gertrud 2327
FarneIl, Lewis R. 68
Faulhaber, Michael von 330
Faulkner, James 331
Fawzi, Rashid 2423
Fazzini, R. 2139
Federn, Walter 2140
Feigill, Samuel I. 2424
Feilschuss-Abir, A. S. 1011-1012
Feinberg, Charles L. 1013
Feinstein, B. 69
Fensham, F. C. 70, 1014-1017,
2768,2909,
Ferrara, A. J. 2328
Festorazzi, Franco 1018
Feuillet, Andre 1019-1020
Fewell, Danna Nolan 1021-1024
Figulla, H. H. 2329
Fildes, Valerie A. 71
Filippi, W. de 2425
Finet, A. 2426, 2641
Finkel, D. J. 160
Finkel, Irving I. 2427-2429
Finkelstein, J. J. 2430-2435
Fiorenza, Elizabeth SchUssler 332-
333
Firestone-Seghi, Laya 1025
Fisch, A. H. 1026
Fisch, Harold 334, 1027
Fischer, Alexander 1028
Fischer, Clare Benedicks 335
Fischer, Georg 1029
Fischer, Henry George 2141-
2157,2018-2019
Fishbane, M. 1030
Fisher, Eugene 1031
Fitzgerald, Aloysius 1032
Fleishman, Joseph. 72
Florentin-Smyth, 1033
Flgge, P. 1034
Flusser, D. 1035
Foh, Susan T. 336, 1036
Fohrer, G. 337
Fokkelman, J. P. 338
Author Index
Follis, Elaine R. 1037
Fontaine, C. R. 73,1038,2664
Forgeau, A. 2158
Foster, B. 2436-2437
Foucault, M 23
Fox, Everett 339
Fox, Michael V. 340-341, 1039-
1040,1710
Fraine, Jean de 342
Frankfort, Henri 2438
Frankie1, Tamar 343
Franklin, Cecil L. 1041
Franklin,Paull042
Fransen, P.-I. 1043
Franson, Frederik 1044
Frazer, Sir James George 344
Freedman,Pavid Noe1 345,917,_
1045,2708,2910
Freedman, R. David 1046
Frick, F. 346
Frieden, Abtei Maria 1047
Friedman, Joni 1048
Friedman, Mordechai A. 1049
Friedman, Norman 1050
Friedman, Richard Elliot 1051-
1052
Friedman, Theodore 1053
Friedmann, Meir 1054
Friedrich, J. 2665
Frost, Francis 1055
. Frost, Stanley B. 1056
Frotstig-Adler, N. H. 1057
Frye, Richard N. 2849
Frye, Roland M. 1058
Frymer-Kensky, Tikva 74, 347,
1059-1064,2439-2441
Fubini, Guido 1065
Fuchs, Esther 1066-1070
Fuchs-Kreimer, Nancy 1071
Fuhr, I. 161
Furman, Nelly 1072
Gabel, J. B. 1073
Gablenz, Clara von 1074
Gadala, Marie-Then!se 348
Gallery, Maureen 2442
Galvin, Marianne 2020,2159
Gammie, John G. 349
Garbini, Giovanni 350, 1073-1078
Gardiner, Alan H. 2160-2161
Gardiner, Anne 1079
Garelli, P. 2443
Garner, Gordon G. 2911
Garnot, Moshe 1080
Garr, W. Randall 2769
Garrett, Duane A. 1081
239
Garsiel, Moshe 351-352, 1082-
1083
Gaspari,Christof 353
Gaster, Theodor H. 75,354-355,
2162,2912
Gaugel, K. H. 1084
Gauthier, H. 2163
Gauthier-Laurent, M. 2164 '
Gawlikowski, K. 2644
Gehrke, R. 1085
Gelander, S. 1086
Gelb, I. J. 2444-2446
Gelin, A. 1087
__ Geller; Stephen A. 1088
Gendler, Mary 1089
Geraci, P. 214
Gerber, Aaron H. 356
Gerl, Hanna-Barbara 1090
Gerleman, G. 1091
Gernot, M. 2671
Gernot, Wilhelm 2709
Gerstenberger, Erhard S. 357,
1092-1093
Gevirtz, S. 1094
Geyer, Marcia L. 1095
Ghalioungui, P. 2165-2166
Gibert, P. 358
Gibson, Jolm C. 1. 2770
Gilbert, Maurice 359, 1096
Gilliland, Dolores Scott 360
Gilner, David Jonathan 1980-1981
Gilula, Mordechai 2913
Gimenez, Clementina M. 1097
Ginsberg, H. L. 361, 1098-1099,
2771-2772,2914
Girardet, Giorgio M. 1100
Gitay, Zefira 1101
Gitin, S. 162
Gitton, M. 2,021-2022,2167-
2169
Giveon, Raphael 163,2170
Glassner, J. 2447
Glazier-McDonald, Beth 1102-
1103
Glickman, S. Craig 362
Glck, J. J. 1104-1105
Godron, G. 2171
Goedicke, H. 2060,2172-2174
Goetze, A. 2448-2449,2666
240
Goitein, S. D. 1114
Goldfarb, S. D. 1115-1116
Goldingay, Jolm. 363, 1117
Goldstein, Bernard R. 888
Gomi, T. 2451
Good, Edwin M. 1118
Gordis, Robert 1119-1123
Gordon, Cynthia 1124
Gordon, Cyrus H. 1125, 1126,
2710-2712,2773
Grg, Manfred 164-165, 1106-
1113,2175,2451,2869
Gorgulho, L-B. 1127
Goto, K. 1128
Gottlieb, Freema 1129
Gottlieb, I. B. 1130
Gottwald, Norman 364-365
Goulder, Michael D. 366
Gow, Murray D. 1131
Graefe, E. 2023
Graetz, Naomi. 1132-1133
Graff, D. F. 345
Grafman, R. 2452
Granot, Alison M. 113 4-1135
Granqvist, Hilma 367
Grapow, H. 2176
Graupner, Axe1 1136
Graves, Robert 368
Gray, Eimer L. 76
Gray, John 2774-2775
Grayson, A. K. 2453
Green, Alberto R. 1137-1138
Green, Barbara 1139
Green, L. 2024
Greenberg,Moshe 1040-1142
Greenfield, J. C. 2304
Greengus, S. 2454-2457, 2713
Greenspahn, Frederick E. 1143
Greenstein, Edward L 1144-1145
GreIot, P. 369-370, 1146,2300
Grey, Mary C. 1147
Griffith,J. G. 2177
Griffith, K. A. 371
Grimal, Peter 77, 1183
Grimm, Alfred 2178
Grober, S. F. 1148
Grondahl, Frauke 2714
Gross, R. M. 372
Gross, Walter 1149
Grossberg, Daniel 1150-1151
Grosz, Katarzyna 2715-2716
Grottanelli, Cristiano 1152
Gruber, Mayer I. 1153-1163
Gubel, E. 166, 2870
Guentch-Ogloueff, M. 2179
Guest, Edith M. 2180
Gunn, David M. 373-374, 1022-
1024, 1164-1165
GUllllel, Andre 1166
Gurney, O. R. 2458,2667
Giiterbock, H. G. 2572, 2668
Guzzo Amadasi, M. G. 2871
Gwaltlley, William Cary, Jr 2330
Haag, Herbert 1167
Haas, V. 2669-2672,2717
Habachi, L. 2181-2182
Hacket, J 0 Ann 78, 1168
Hadas, Pamela White 375
Hadley, Jlldith M. 2915-2917
Hagan, Harry 1169
Haines, Richard C. 167
HaIe, Sara Josepha 24
Halevy, B. 1170-1171
Halivni, David Weiss 1172
Hall, Gary 1173, 1982
Hallet, Mary Thomas 376
Hallo, W. W. 1174-1175,2331,
2459-2460
Halpern, Baruch 1176, 1351
Hambrick-Stowe, Charles E. 1177
Harniel, H. Y. 1178
Hamill, Thomas 1179
Hantar, Franz 168
Handy, Lowell 2776
Hanfmann, G. M. A. 169,2673
Hausen, Donald P. 2461
Hansen, Tracy 1180
Hallsou, P. 1181
Harari, I. 2183-2184
Harden, Donald 2872
Hardesty, Nancy 1182
Harer, W. Bensou, Jr. 2185
Hari, R. 2025
HalTis, J. R. 2186-2189
Harris, R. 1183,2332,2462-2477
Harrison, Eveleen 377
Hart, George 2026
Harter, L. Blagg 1184
Hartland, Sidney E. 2478
Hartmann, Anton T. 378
Hartmann, K. C. 1185
Hartsoe, Colleen Ivey 379
Hassenfuss, J. 2190
Haupt, Paul 2479
Author Index
Hauser, Alan J. 1186-1187
Hawkins, J. D. 2674
-Hayes, William C. 2027
Haytes, M. 380
Headley, Phineas Camp 381
Healey, J. F. 2777-2779
Heidt, William G. 382
Heiler, Friedrich 25
Heim, Suzanne 205
Heimpel, W. 79,2480-2481
Heindl, Edith 1188
Heister, Maria-Sybilla 383
Heitzmann, Alfonso Alegre 1189
Helck, Wolfgang 2191
Held, Moshe 1190, 2482
Heller, Jan 1191
Heltzer, Michael 1192
Hendel, Ronald S. 1193-1194
Henry, A.-M. 1195-1196
Henry, Sondra 26
Hentschel, Georg 384
Hermann,H. 2780
Hermann, W. 2781,2826
Herr, Ethel L. 385
Herrmann, Wolfram 1197,2918
_ Herzfeld, Ernst F. 2850
Herzog, Kristin 1198
Hess, Margaret 386
Hess, R. S. 1199
Hestrin, Ruth 2919-2920
Heywood, Thomas 27
Hickmann, Hans 2192
Higgins, ]ean M. 1200-1201
Hillers, Delbert R. 170,2782
Hindson, E. E. 1202
Hirsch, Hans 2333, 2851
Hirsch, Udo 268
Hirschberger, R. 1203
Hoch-Srnith, Judith 28
Hoek, J. 387
Hffken, Peter 1204
Hoffman, I. 2193
HoHner, Harry 80-81, 1205,2675
Hoftijzer, J. 1206-1207
Hohenwart-Gerlachstein, An na
2194
Holladay, William L. 1208-1209
Hollis, Susan T. 2195
Holzinger, H. 1210
Hommel, Fritz 2921
HoneyweIl, Betty 388
Hongisto, Leif 1211
- Hoogewoud, F. J. 1212
Hooks, Stephen M. 1983
Hopkins, D. 389
Hopkins, lan W.]. 1213
Hoppe, Leslie]. 1214
Hrig, Monika 2922
241
Horner, Thomas M. 390
Horowitz, Maryanne C. 1215
Horton, F. L,1216
Hoshino, Mitsuo 1217
House, H. Wayne 1218
Houtman, C. 1219
H n l ~ k a , B. 2483
Huber, Elaine C. 1220
Huehnergard, John 82, 1221,
2783
Huey; F. B., Jr. 1222
HuHmon, Herbert B. 2645-2646
HlllI, William E. 1223
Humphrey, W. L. 1224
Hunhold, Gerfried 1149
Hurley, James B. 391
Hurton, F. L. 145
Hurvitz, Avi 1225
Hutter, Manfred 1226,2334,2676
Hvidberg-Hansen, F. O. 2873,
2875
Hyers, C. 392
Hyman, Frieda C. 1227-1228
Hyman, Ronald T. 1229-1230
Ichisar, M. 2484
Ide, Arthur Frederick 83, 393-394
Ihromi 1231
Imparati, F. 2677
Ire1and, Norma 29
Iriarte, Mada Eugenia 1232
Isser, Stanley 1233
Istavrides, Vasil T. 1234
Jack, J. W. 171
Jackson, B. S. 1235
Jacob, Edmond 1236-1237
Jacob, Paul F. 1238
Jacobsen, Dan 395
Jacobsen, Thorkild 2335-2336,
2485-2486
Jacobson, Anita 30
Jacobson, Diane 1239
Jacobson, H. 1240
Jacquet-Gordon, H. 2196
Jagelldorf, Zvi 1242
Jakobson, V. A. 2487
" ;
242
1ames, E. O. 172
1ames, T. G. H. 2028
1anssen, 1. 1. 2197-2201, 2245
1anzen, J. Gerald 1243
1anzen, Waldemar 396
1aphet, Sara 1241
1 a r o ~ , Kar! 2923
Jasper, G. 1244
1astrow, Morfis, 1r. 2488
1ay, Nancy 1245-1246
1ay, William 397
Jeansonne, Sharon Pace 398, 1247
1enny, H. 1248
1ensen, Jans 10'rgen Lundager
1249-1250
1ensen, Mary E. 399
_ 1ensen, P. 2924
1entgens, Gerhard 1251
1eppesen, Knut 2925
Jepsen, Alfred 1252-1253
Jequier, J. 2029
Jirku, A. 2784
Joannes, F. 2337,2489
10bling, David 400, 1254
Johanan,1. D. 401
Johnson, Buffie 84
10hnson, Elizabeth A. 1255-1256
Johnson, SaUy Barber 2030
Jonckheere, Frans 2202
10nes, B. W. 1257-1258
Jones, David Clyde 1259-1260
Jones, G. H. 402
Jongeling, B. 1261
Jongeling, K. 1262
10st, Renate 542
10on, P. 1263
1ulian, A. K. 1264
1iingling, H.-W. 403
Junker, H. 1265
Junsson, Gunnlallger A. 404
Kaiser, Barber Bakke 1266
Kaiser, Walter C. 1267
Kaithathara, J. 1984
Kamesar, Adam 1268
Kammenhuber, A. 2678
Kampman, A. A. 2679
Kang, S. T. 2490
Kapelrud, Arvid S. 2785
Kaplan, H. R. 2203
Kaplan, 1. 174
Kaplan, Lawrence 1269
Kaplony, P. 2204
Karageorghis, V. 2874
Karssen, G. 405
Katan, Norma 1ean 2031
Katzenstein, H. J. 1270
Katzoff, Louis 1271-1273
Kearney, Peter J. 1274
Keay, Kathy 406,
Keel,Othmar 175, 1275,2926
Kees, H. 2205
Keimer, L. 2032, 2206
KeUenbach, Katharine von 1276,
1985
Keller, Carl A. 1277
KeHerman, D. 407
KeHy, William 1278
Kemp, Barry J. 2207-2208
_ Kennet, R. H. 408
Kessler, Martin 1279-1280
Kessler, Rainer 1281-1282
Keukens, Karlheinz H. 1283
Kevers, Paul 1284-1285
Khalil, S. 2166
Kieffer, Rene 1286
Kiev, Ari 322
Kikawada, 1. 1287
Kilian, R. 409, 1288
Kilmer, Anne Draffkorn 2491-
2492
Kimball, Gayle 1289
Kinal, F. 85
King, Philip J. 1290
King, William C. 31
Kipper, J. Balduino 1291-1292
Kirk, Martha Ann 410
Kitchen, K. A 1293,2033
Klaus, Natan 1294
Klein, Hans 1295
Klein, Harald 2493
Klein,1acob 2494
Klein, L. R 411
Klein, Ralph W. 1296
Kleinig, 101m W. 1297
Klengel-Brandt, E 2495
Klfma, J. 2338, 2786-2788, 2852-
2853
Kloner, A. 156
Knapp, A. B. 86
Knierim, Rolf 1298
Knight, Douglas A. 1299
Knox, W. L. 1301
Koch, K. 2927
Kogllt, S. 1300
Author Index
Knig, Eduard 1302-1303
Koonz, Claudia 14
Korenhof, Mieke 542
Kornarakis, John 1304
Kornfeld, W. 87,2496
Korr, Craig S. 2209
Koschaker, P. 2497-2498,2718
Kosmala, H. 1305
Kottackal,10seph 1306
Kraeling, Ernil G. 1307
Kramer, Carol 2854
Kramer, S. N. 1308, 2339-2340,
2373,2499-2510
Kraus, H. J. 412
Krause, Martin 1309
Krebs, Walter 1310
__ Kreuzer, Siegfried 1311
Krinetzki, Leo 1312
Kristensen, A. 2789
Kritikos, Made1eine 2790
Kroeze, J. H. 413
Kronasser, H. 2680
Kronholm, Tryggve 1313
Kruger, P. A. 1314-1316
Kruse, H. 1317
Kruse, Ingeborg 414
Kubler, Franz 415
Kuchman (-Sabhaly), L. 2034,
2210-2211
Kuentz, C. 2013
Kugel, James L. 416
Kuhlmann, K. P. 2212
Khne, C. 2791
Khne, H. 176
Kuhrt, A. 58
Kulow, NeUe Wahler 417
Kmmel, H. M. 2341,2620
Kuder, Laurence 1318
Kutscher, Raphael 2511
Kuyperk, Abraham 418
Labuschagne, C. J. 1319
Lacheman, E. R. 1320,2719-2722
Lachs, Rosalyn 419
Lachs, Samue1 T. 1321
Lackenbacher, S. 88,2512-2513,
2792
Lacocque, Andre 420
Lacroix, Paul 32
Laffey, Alice L. 421
Lambert, G., S. J. 1322
Lambert, J. 1323
Lambert, W. G. 2514-2521,2647
243
Lamphere, L. 44
Landau, Lazare 1324
Landsberger, B. 2342, 2522
Landy, Francis 422, 1325-1326
Lang, Bernhard 423-425, 1327
Langdon, Stephen 2523
Langdon-Davies,10hn 33
Langemeyer, Bernhard 1328
Langer, Heidemarie 426
Langlamet, F. 1329-1330
Lanser, Susan S. 1331
Laroche, E. 2681-2683
Lasine, Stuart 1332-1333
Lattey, Cuthbert 1334-1335
Lawler, G. L. 427
Lawlor, Jolm 1. 1336
Lawton, Robert B. 177, 1337-
1338
Lebrun, R. 2684
Leca, L. 2035
Ledant, M. J. 2213-2215
Le Deaut, R. 1339
Ledrus, M. 1340
Lee, G. M. 1341
Leemans, W. F. 2524
Leggett, D. A. 428
Legrand, L. 429, 1342-1343
Lehmann, M. R. 1344
Lehming, S. 1345
Leibovitch,10seph 2216,2928
Leibowitz, Eliyahu 1346
Leibowitz, Gilah 1346
Leichty, Erle 2525
Leipoldt, Johannes 34
Lemaire, Andre 2929-2931
Lemche, N. P. 1347
Leonard, Jeanne M. 1348
Lerberghe, K. van 2526
Lerner, Gerda 2343, 2527
Lesko, B. S. 89,2036,2217-2219
Lesko, L. H. 2220-2221
Letourneal1, Charles 35
Lettinga, J. P. 1349
Levenson, Jon D. 1350-1351
Levenson, Paul H. 1352
Leviant, Curt 1353
Levin, Christoph 430
Levinas, E. 1354
Levine, Baruch A 1355,2793
Levine, M. H. 1356-::-1359
Lcvoratti, Armondo J. 1360
Levy, Edmond 36
244
Levy, Ludwig 1361
Levy-Bruhl, H. 1362
Lewis, Ethel Clark 431
Lewy, Hildergard 2528
Licht, Jacob 432
Lichtenstein, Murray H. 1363
Lieberrnan, A. I. 90, 2344
Lieberrnan, S. R. 91
Lirnburg, ]ames 433
Lindars, Barnabas 1364-1365
Linder, He1go 1366
Liplnski, E. 92-93,178, 1367,
2345,2529-2530,2794-2795,
2859,2932-2933
Liptzin, Sol 1368-1372
Lissner, Anneliese 37
Livingston, Dennis H. 1373
Livingstone, A. 2346
Livio, ]ean-Bernard 1374
Ljung, Inger 13 75
Loader, J. A. 1376
Loades, Ann 434
Locher, Clernens 435, 1721, 1829
Lockerbie, J. 436
Lockyer, Herbert B. 437
Loewenstarnrn, Samuel E. 13 77-
1379,2796-2797,2801
Lofts, N. 438
Lohfink, Norbert 1380-1381
Lhr, Max 439
L0kkegaard, F. 2875,2934
Long, Burke O. 440, 1382
L6pez, Felix Garcia 1383
Loretz, O. 1384-1386,2531,
2763-2766,2798-2799,2904,
2935
Lorton, David 2222
Loucas, Ioannis 2532
Louie, Wallace 2936
Lucas, Fr. Maria, O.F.M. 1388
Luckenbill, Daniel David 2533
Liiddeckens, Erich 2037
Luke, A. B. 1389
Luke,K. 1390-1396,2534
Lukonin, V. 2847
Lundholrn, Algot Theodore 441
Luria, Y. 1397
Lurie, B-Z. 1398
Lyon, David Gordon 2535
Lyons, Ellen Louise 1399
Lys, Danie1 1400
Maccoby, Hyam 1418
Warnen in the Biblical War/d
MacDonald, Elizabeth Mary 94
MacDonald, J. 2800
MacDonald,]. R. B. 1405
MacDonald, John 1406
Mace, David R. 444
MacHaffie, Barbara J. 445
Macht, David I. 1419
Mackawa, K. 2538
Maclauren, Edward 2938
Maertens, Thierry 446
Magonet, J. 1420
Maidrnan, Maynard Paul 2723-
2724
Maier, Walter A. m 2939
Maigret,J. 1421
Maillot, A. 447, 1422-1423
Mair, Lucy Philip 38
Malamat, A. 2634-2635
MaIek, J. 2002, 2223-2224
Malkiel, Sh. 1424
Mannheirner, Louise 1425
Manniche, Lise 2038
Manor, Dale W. 1426
Marble, Annie Russell 448
Marchetti, P. 2859
Marcus, David 449, 1427,2801
Margalit, Baruch 2802-2805,
2940-2941
Margalith,Othniel 1428-1431
Margueron, Jean 2643
Margulies, H. 1432
Marocco, Giuseppe 1433
Marrs, Rick 1434
MarshalI, J. 1435
MarshalI, Zona Bays 450
Martin, D. C. 1436
Martines, Lauro 40
Martyn, Sarah Towne 451
Marx, Viktor 2539
Marzel, Y. 1437
Masoll, Maggie 452
Matheson, George 453
Mathon, G. 1438
Matou, L. 2540-2541
Marie 179,
2542-2543
Matsushima, Eiko 2544-2545
Matthews, Edwin LeBron 1986
Matthews, Victor H. 454
Matthiae, M. Paolo 180
Mauldin, F. Louis 1439
May, H. G. 1440-1441
Authar Index
Mayer, Walter 2725
Mayes, A. D. H. 455
Mazaheri, A. A. 2855
Mazar, A. 181-182
MaIek, J. 2003
McAllister, Grace Edna 442-443
McBride, Mary 1401
McCarter, P. Kyle, Jr. 14q2
McCarthy, Carrnel 1403
McComiskey, Thomas E. 95
McConville, J. G. 1905
McCreesh, T. 1404
McEvenue, Sean S. 1407
McEwan, G. J. P 2536-2537
McGee, Daniel B. 1408
McGrath, B. 1409
McHatten, Mary T. 1410-1411
McKane, W. 1412-1413
McKay, J. W. 1414,2937
McKeating, Henry 1415
McKenzie, J. L. 1416
McKinley, Judith 737
McPheeters, W. M. 1417
Meek, James 1442
Meer, W. van der 1443
. Meier, Samuel A. 96, 1444
Meijer, Alexander 1445
Meijer, Arnos 1445
Meilvitz, A. 1446
Meinhold, Arndt 1447-1448
Melarned, Evelyn B. 1479
Me1e, Mirella 2546
Mellaart, Jarnes 183,2685
MeIler, Vilma 1449
Meltzer, Edrnund S. 2225
Mendelsohn, I. 97-100, 1450,
2547
Mendenhall, George E. 456, 1451-
1453
Menu, Bernadette 2039-2040,
2226-2228
Menzel, Brigitte 2347
Merhav, Rivka 2942
Merli, Dino 1454
Marie de 1455
Mertz, B. 2041
Meshel, Ze'ev 2943-2945
Mesters, Carlos 457
Mettinger, Tryggve N. D. 1456-
1457,2806
Metzger, M. 2807
Meyers, earol L. 458, 1458-1464
245
Michaelson, W. 1465
Michalowski, P. 2548-2552
Michel, Walter L. 1467-1468
Midant-Reynes, B 2229
Middlekoop, P. 1469
Miles, Jolm C. 2322-2323
Milgrom, Jacob 1470
Millard, A. 2042
Miller, ciyde M. 1471
Miller, D. Gary 2553
Miller, G. I. 2808
Miller, John W. 1472
Miller, Patrick D., Jr. 2809,2946
Millet, Nicholas B. 2230
Mills, Watson E. 1473
Milne, Parnela J. 1474-1475
Mine, Rachel 1476-1477
Mink, Hans-Aage 1478
Minkoff, Harvey 1479
Miql1ell, Violetta 39
Miscall, Peter D. 1480
Mishali, Ajalah 2348
Mitchell, Mike 1481
MitchelI, Sarah 737
Mittwoch, H. 1482
Mbius, H. 101
Molin, G. 1483
Mollenkott, Virginia R. 459-
460,1484
Moltmann, ]rgen 1485
Moneure, John 1486
Mondersohn, Ernst 461
Monloboll, Louis 1487
Moor, Johannes C. de 2810-2814
Moore, Carey A. 462, 1488-1490
Moorey, P. R. S. 2554
Morag, S. 1491
Moran, William L. 2555,2815
Moreno, Antonio C. 1492-1493
Morey, Ann-Janine 1494
Morgenstern, Julian 1495-1496
Modan, GaU 1497
Morrison, Martha A. 1498,2726
Morton, Henry Cnova Vollam 463
Mosca, Paul G. 1499
Moscati, S. 102,184,2876-2878
Motyer, J. A. 1500
Moyer, J. C. 2686
Mulder, Martin Jay 1503
Mulier, Stockton 1504
Mller, Hans Wolfgang 2043
Miiller, Hans-Peter 464,1501
246
Mller, Iris 1502
Mulliken, Frances Hartman 465
Mullo-Weir, C. J. 1505
Mnster, Maria 2044
Muntingh, L. H. 1506
Muntingh, L. M. 28\16, 2648
Murnion, P. J. 1507
Murphy, Roland E. 1508-1513
Murray, D. F. 1514
Murray, Margaret Alice 2045
Musgrave, Peggy 466
MusseIl, Mary-Louis 1515
MySliwiec, Lesiaw 2231
Myers, A. E. 1516
Naaman, N. 103
Naar, Karl J. 185
Nadel, M. 1517
Nagy, Antal 1518
Nakata, I. 2649-2650
Naor, M. 1519
Nashef, K. 2556
Naveh, Joseph 2947
NeaI, Hazel G. 467
Neef, Heinz-Dieter 1520
Neff, R. W. 1521, 1987
Neher, A. 1522
Nel, Philip 15 23
Nestle, Eb 1524
Neu, Rainer 1525
Neufeld, Ephraim 468
Neveu, Louis 469,1526
Newberry, P. E. 2232
Newrnan, Murray L. 1527
Newsom, Carol A. 470
Nichol, Charles Ready 471
Nickels, Peter 1528
NicoI, George G. 1529-1530
Niditch, Susan 472, 1531-15 3 4
Nielsen, Eduard 1535-1537
Nirns, C. 2233-2234
Niwinski, Andrzey 2235
Nord, D. 2236
Nrr, D 2557
Nowell, Irene 1538-1539
NunnalIy-Cox, Janice 474
Nur eI-Din, M. A. 1540,2237
O'Caliaghan, Martin 1541
O'Connell, Robert H. 1542
O'Connor, Katllleen M. 1543
O'Connor, M. 1544
O'Day, Gail 1545
O'Faolain, Julian 40
O'Reilly, Bernard 475
O'Rourke, John J. 1546
O'Shea, W. J. 1547
Oberhuber, Karl 2558
Ochshorn, Judith 41,476
Ockenga, Harold J. 477-478
Oded, B. 2238
Oden, R. A., Jr. 53,2948
Oduyoye, Modupe 479
Oelsner, J 2559
Oettinger, N. 2687
Oezgr;, N. 2688
Offord, Joseph 2949
Ogden, Graham S. 1548
__ Ogdon, J.
Ohler, A. 480
Okure, Teresa 1549
Oliver, Denuis 1550
Olyan, Saul 1551-1552,1988,
2950-2951
Oppenheirn, A. L. 2560
Ord, D. R. 289
Oren, Elyashiv 1553-1554
Orthmann, W. 2689
Osiek, Carolyn 1555-1558
Otten, H. 2690-2691
Otto, E. 1559
Ottosson, Magnus 1560
Otwell, John H. 481
Ollcllette, L. 1561
Owen, D. I. 2561-2562
PageIs, Elaine 482
Pa Im er, B. 483
Palmer, M. S. 2046
Papayiaunopoulos,Ioannis 1562
Paradise, J. S. 2727-2730
Pardee, D. 1563,2817-2819
Pardes, Ilaua 484
Parijs, Paul van 1564
Parker, Margaret 1565
Parker, S. B. 1566-1569,2820-
2821
Parnas, Moshe 1570,2822
ParpoIa, S. 2563
Parr, P. A. 2564
Parrot, A. 2651
Patai, Raphael 368, 485-486, 2952
Paterson, J. 1571
Paton, Lewis Bayles 1572
Pau'ich, Yosef 2241
Patte, Daniel 487
Author Index
Patterson, Richard D. 1573
Paul, Shalom M. 488, 1574-1576
Payne, J. Barton 1577
Pease, Alice Campbell 489
Pedersen, Johannes 490
Peet, T. E. 2117,2242
Peifer, ClaudeJ. 1578
Peirce, F. X. 1579
Peradotto, Jo1m 42
Perdu, Olivier 2243
Perdue, Leo G. 349
Perera, S. B. 2349
Peritz, 1. J. 1580
Perkins, Pheme 1581
Perl man, Alice 2953
_Perrot, Jean 186
Perugni, Cesare 1582
Pestman, P. W. 2047,2201,2244-
2245
Peterrnann,Ina 1583
Peters, Norbert 491
Petersen, David L. 1584-1585
Petrozzi, M. 1586
Pettey, Richard J. 2954
Pettinato, G. 2350
R. H. 2731
Pfister, Herta 492
Pfluger, K. 2246
Phillips, Anthony 493, 1587-1591
Phillips, Jol111 A. 494
philotea, M. 1592
Phipps, William E. 495, 1593-
1596
Pillet, Marice 2247
Pinch, G. 2048, 2248
Pinches, Theophilus G 2565
Pintore, Franeo 2049
Piper, Otto A. 496
Pi per, Vera Lydia 2955
Pirenne, J. 1597,2249
pitt-Rivers, Ju1ian 497
Plaskow, Judith 498, 1598
Platt, Elizabeth Ellen 1599
Plaut W. G. 499, 1600
W. 1601-1603, 1989
Plurn, Karin Friis 1604-1605
Pobee, John S. 500
Podella, Thomas 187
Poethig, E. B 1990
Pogrebin, Letty Cottin 1606
Pollock, S. 2566
Polzin, Robert 501-S02,1607
247
Pomeroy, Sarah B. 2856
Pompanio, F. 2567
Pope, Marvin H. 1608, 1707,
2823
Porada, Edith 2732
Porten, B. 1609,2301-2306
Porter, J. R. 1610
Porter, Joshua 503
Posner-Krieger, P. 2250
Postgate, J. N. 2320,2568
poulssen, N. 1611-1612
Powell, Marvin A. 105
Power, E. 1613
Praag, A. van 2351
Press, R. 1614
Preston, Jallles J. 504
Previn, Dory 1615
Price, Eugenia 505
Priest, Jolm 1616
Prince, J. DyneIey 1617
Pritchard, J. B. 188-189
Pritchard, Linda 1618
Pnech, E. 1619,2879
Qimron, Elisha 1620
Qnitslund, S. 1621
Rabinowitz,Isaac 1622
Rabil1owitz, J. J. 106,2251,2307
Radday,Y.T.1623
Radwan, A. 2252
Rae, Hugh Rose 1624
Rainey, Al1son F. 2824-2826
Rak, Y. 130
Rallis, Irene Kerasote 1625
Ramingo,Ida 1502
Rammant-Peeters, Agnes 2253
Ramras-Rauch, Gila 1626
Ramsey, George W. 1627
Rand, Herbert 1628
Ranke, Hermann 2017
Rapaport, D. I. 1629
Rashid, Fawzi 190
Rast, Walter E. 1630
Ratie, A. 2050
Ratner, Robert 1631
Rattray, Susan 1632
Rauh, S. 1991
Raurell, Frederic 506-507,1633-
1635
Ravenna, A. 1636
Read, D. 1638
Rebera, Basil 1637
248
Redford, D. R. 508,2051,2254
Reed, William L. 2956
Rehm, Martin 1639
Reid, S. B. 1640
Reif, S. C. 1641
Reik, Theodor 509
Reiner, Erica 2569-2572
Reines, H. S. 1642
Reiser, Elfriede 2052
Reiser, W. 510
Reisman, Daniel 2573
Rembold, Annette 1643
Remy, Nahida 511
Remy, P. 107
Renaud, Bernard 1644-1645
Rendsburg, Gary A. 1646-1647
Renger, J. 108,2574-2577
Renie, J. 2578
Reviv, Hanoch 513
Reymond, Robert L. 1648
Rice, Gene 1649
Richards, Alberta Rae 514
Richardson, H. Neil 2827
Richter, Hans-Friedemann 1650
Ridout, G. 1651
Riefstahl, Elizabeth 2255-2256
Rigaux, B. 1652-1654
Ringe, Sharon H. 470
Ringgren, Helmer 109, 1655-1656
Ritchie, Maureen 43
Ritterspach, A. D. 1657
Robbins, Gregory AUen 515
Roberts, J. J. M. 2352
Robertson, Noel 1658
Robins, Gay 2053,2257-2259
Robinson, Bernhard P. 1659
Robinson,Ira 1660-1661
Roccati, A. 2260
Rodd, Cyril S. 1662
Roddy, Lee 516
RoeHenbleck, E. 517
Rofe, Alexander 518, 1664-1668
Rogerson, J. W. 519
Rohrlieh, R. 2579
RHig, W. 2580
Roiston, H. 520
Romaniuk, Kazimierz 521
Rmer, W. H. Ph 11 0, 1663,
2581-2582,2652
Romero, Joan A. 498
Rosaldo, M. Z. 44
Rosenberg, David 522
Rosenberg, Joel W. 1669-1670
Rosenberg, Z. 523
Rosenzweig, Michael L. 1671
Rost, L. 524
Roth, Martha T. 2353,2583-2587
Roth, Wolfgang W. 1672
Rodle, Rosa M. 1673
Rothschild, Max M. 1674
Rottenberg, Meir 1675-1676
Rouillard, H. 1677
Rowley, H. H. 1678-1679
Rozner, Fred 1680
Rudolph, W. 1681-1682
Ruether, Rosemary 1683-1685
Rummel, T. S. 2828
Ruppert, Lothar 1686
Rusche, Helga 525
Russell, Letty M. 526-529, 1687
Rylaarsdam, J. Coert 1688
Sack, Ronald H. 2588
Sacon, Kiyoshi K. 1689
Sadakata, H. 1690
Sadgrove, M. 1691
Sagan, Carl 1692
Saggs, H. W. F. 2354-2356
Sakenfeld, Katherine Doob 530,
1693-1698'
Salkill, Jeffrey K. 1699
Salts, Margaret 465
Salvoni, F. 531,1700-1701,2261-
2263,
Sanlson, J. 2054
San Nicolo, M. 2589
Sander-Hansen, C. E. 2055
Sangster, Margaret Elizabeth 532
Sanmartln, J. 2766
Saporetti, Claudio 2357-2358
Sapp, S. 533,1702
Sarna, Nahum M. 1703-1705
Sasson, Jack M. 534, 1608, 1706-
1711,2590,2653
Sasson, Victor 1712
Satzinger, Helmut 2264
Saucy, R. L. 1713
Sauge, Kirsten 1714
Sauren, H. 2591
Saussy, CarroU 535
Saviv, S. 1715
Sawyer, John F. A. 1716
Sayce, Archibald Henry 111,2592
Scanzoni, Letha 536, 1717-1718
Schfer, P. W. 537
Author Index
Scharbert, J. 1719
Schechter, Solomon 1720
Scheil, J. V. 2359,2593
Schelkle, Karl Hermann 538
Schenker, Adrian 1721
Scheppes, David 539
Schierling, Marla J. 1722
Schildenberger, J. 1723-.1726
Schilling, Othmar 540
Schipflinger, Th. 112
Schley, D. C. 541
Schlossman, Betty L. 191
Schmandt-Besserat, Denise 2360
Schmid, Herbert 1727
Schmidt, Anne 1728
Schmidt, Eva Renate 542
Schmidt, Klaus 1729
Schmitt, John J. 1729-1735
Schmitz, Bettina 192
Schneeman, Gisela 1992
Schorr, M. 2361
Schoske, Sylvia 2056
Schott, S. 2265
Schottroff, Luise 543,552,1736-
1737
Schottroff, Willy 543
Schrage, Wolfgang 357
Schretter, Manfred K. 113
Schroeder, Otto 2594
Schroer, Silvia 544
Schulman, A. R. 2266
Schult, H. 957
Schulze, Peter H. 2057
Schunck, Klaus-Dietrich 1746
Schngel-Straumalll1, Helen 545,
1738-1741
Schssler Fiorenza, Elisabeth 546,
1742-1745
Schwartz, B. J. 1747
Seebass, H. 1748-1754
Segal, J. B. 1755
Segal, M. H. 1756
Seger, Joe D. 193
Segert, Stanislav 1757-1758
Seibert, Ilse 114
SeIl, Henry Thorne 547
Selman, M. J. 1759
Selms, A. van 1760, 2829-2830
Seltman, Charles 45
Sephati,Y.2362,2595
Serra, Aristide 1761
Shanks, Hershel 194
Shapira, D. S. 1762
Sharp, D. B. 1763, 1993
Shashar, M. 1764
Sheres,Ita 548
Sherlock, P. 1765
Shideler, M. M. 1766
Shout, W. R. 1994
Shrager, Miriam Y. 1767
Siebert-Hommes, J. C. 1768
Siegel, Bernard J. 2363
Sigrist, Marcel 2364
Silver, Morris 115
Silverman, D. P. 2267
Simms, Tom 1769
Simon, Uriel 1770-1771
249
Simpson, W.K. 2016,2058,2268-
2269
Singer, Ithamar 2692
Sjberg, ke W. 1772, 2596-2597
Ska,Jean-Louis 1773-1775
Skaist, A. 2365, 2733
Sladek, W. R. 2366
Smelik, K. A. D. 1776
Smith, H. S 2270-2271
Smith, Joyce Marie 549
Smith, Judith Florence 550
Smith, Mark S. 551,2957
Snaith, N. H. 1777-1778
Soden, W.von 1779-1780,2598
Soggin, J. A. 1780-1783
Soldt, W. H. van 2831
Sole, Francesco 1784
Soleh, A. 1785
Soleil, Brigitte 2367
SHe, Dorothee 552
Song, Theo 553
Souza, LUls de 1786
Spalinger, A. 2272
Speiser, E. A. 1787-1788,2731,
2734-2735
Sperling, D. S. 2880
Spiege!berg, W. 2273
Sprague, William BueH 554
Spreafico, Ambrogio 1789
Spring, Anita 28
Spycket, A. 116, 195,2599-2600
Stager, L. 196
Stamm, J. J. 1790
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady 555
Starke, F. 2693
Starr, Lee Anna 556
Stato11, Julia 557
250
Stavnik, E. 2274
Stecher, Reinhold 1791
Steck, O. H. 558
Stedman, R. C. 559
Steele, Eliza R. 560
Steffgen, U. 192
Steinberg, Naomi 1792
Steiner, F. 1793
Steinkeller, P. 2601-2602
Steinmueller, J01111 C. 1794
Stendahl, Krister 561
Stern, Ephraim 197
Sternberg, Meir 562, 1024
Stevens, John M. 2275
Steyn, J. 1795
Stinespring, W. F. 1796
Stitzinger, Michael F. 1797
Stockton, E. D. 1798
Stohlman, St. C. 2736
Stol, M. 2368,2603
Stolz, Fritz 1799
Stone, E. C. 2604
Stone, Merlin 46, 563
Stowe, HarrietE.' Beecher 564
Stradling, F. S. 1995
Strauss, Joseph 1800
Streefkerk, Nic1801
Strenge, Jo1lll H. 117
Strika, F. I. 118
Strus, Andrzej 565
Stuart, Susan M. 14
Stuhlmueller, Carroll 1802
Stu1rnan, Louis 1803-1804
Sudlow, Elizabeth W. 566
Sullivan, J. P. 42
Surberg, Rayrnond F. 1805
Swanston, H. F. G. 1806
Swartley, Willard M. 567
Swidler, Leonard J. 568-569, 1807
Swiggers, P. 2881
Szlechter, E. 2605
Szubin, H. Z 2305-2306
Tadrnor, Miriam 126, 198-199
Taha, Munir Yousif 200
Taitz, Emily 26
Tallqvist, Knut 2369
Tamez, EIsa 1808
Tngberg, K. Arvid 1809-1810
Tanner, R. 2276-2277
Taylor, A. B. 1811
Taylor,J. GIen 201,1812
Teachout, R. P. 1996
Tefnin, R. 2059
Terrien, Samuel 570, 1813-1814
Teubal, Savina J. 571-572
Thausing, G. 2060
Theorides, A. 2278-2280
Thiel, Hans Jochern 2727
Thol11as, Edward 119
Thol11as, Metta Newman 573
Thol11pson, D. 1818
Thol11pson, Henry Adams 574
Thol11pson, J. A. 1815-1816
Thompson, Lucy Gertsch 575
Thompson, Michael E. W. 1817
Thompson, Tb. 1818
Thompson, W. I. 2370
Thompson, Yaakov 1819
Thorbjef11srud, Berit 2606
Thyen, H. 296
Tigay, Jeffrey H. 2958
Tiju, M. van 1820
Tillion, Gerrnaine 576
Tinney, Ethel 577
Tischler, Nancy Marie Patterson
578
Toeg, A. 1821
Tolbert, Mary 579,1822-1823
Toorn, Karel van der 1824-1826
Tosato, Angelo 580, 1827-1829
Toueir, Kassern 202
Tournay, Raymond Jacqnes 581,
,1830
Trible, Phyllis 582-584, 1472,
1831-1847
Trigger, Bruce 2061
Tropper, J. 1677
Tray, Lana 2062,2281-2282
Tsevat, M. 1848,1849,2694,
2832-2833
Tsimariyon, Tsemah 1850
TSIllUdi, Yosef 1851
Tucker, Gene M. 1852
Tucker, N. 1853
Tiirck, U. 2308
Turner, Mary Donovan 1 8 5 ~
Turnham, Timothy J. 1855-1856
Tuya, Manuel de 1857
Ubell, Lori 1858
Uehlinger, Christoph 2926
Ullendorff, Edward 1859
Utzschneider, Helmut 585, 1860
Uys, P. H. de V. 1861
Authar Index
Vade, Y. 2882
Valbelle, D. 2309, 2063
Valloggia, M 2283
Van Buren, E. Douglas 2607-2608
Van Dijk,J. J. 2331
van Dijk-Hemmes, Fokkelien 232
Van Gemeren, Willem A. 1862
van Ginneken, Grietje 232
Van Selms, A. 1863
Van Seters, John 1864-1865,2453
Van Wolde, E. J. 587
Vande, S. J. 1881
Vander Velde, Frances 588
Vandier, J. 203, 2284
Vanel, Jean 589
Vanstiphout, H. I. J. 2609
- -Vasholz, P. Ivan 1866
Vaux, Roland de 120,590
Vawter, Bruce 2834
Veenhof, K. R. 2610
Veijola, T. 1867
Velde, H. te 2285
Veldhuis, Niek 2611
Vellanickal, Matthew 1868
Vendrame, C. 1869
Verkhovskoy, Serge 1870
Verner, Miroslav 2286
. Viberg,.ke 591
Vickrey, J. F. 1871
Villiers, D. W. de 1872
Visser 't Hooft, Willem Adolph
592
Vittmann, G. 2287
Vogels, Walter 1873-1875
Vonier, Anscar 593
Vos, Clarence]. 594
Voterra, E. 2310
Wacker, Marie-Therese 595-596
Wadsworth, Tom 1876
Wfler, M. 2672
Wagner, W. H. 1877
Wahrmund, Lndwig 47
Wakeman, Mary K. 48,1878,
2612-2613
Waldbaum, Jane 2673
Waldman, Nalmm M. 1879
Walker, Barbara G. 597
Walker, Christopher 2695
Walker, Norman 1880
Wall ace, Howard N. 598,2959
Walle, B. van de 2288
Walle, R. 1881
Walsh, Jerorne T. 1882
Walter, K. 601
251
Walter, Karin 599-600
Walters, Stanley D. 1883,2614
Waltke, B. K. 1884
Wander, Nathaniel 1885
Ward, William A. 2064-2065,
2289-2292,2835
Wartenberg-Potter, Barbel von 500
Watson, W. G. E. 1886,2836-
2837
Webb, B.-G. 602
Weber, S. C. 1887
Webster, Edwin C. 1888
Weder, H. 1889
Weeks, Noel 1890
--Weems, RenitaJ.603, 1891
Wegner, I. 2696
Weidner, Ernst F. 2615-2616
Weigle, M. 2617
Weiher, E. von 2371
Weiler, Gerda 604-605, 1892
Weinfeld, M. 606,1893-1895,
2618,2960
Weingreen, J. 1896
Weisberg, David. B. 2619-2620
Weiser, Asher 1897
Weisman, Ze'ev 1898-1899
Weiss, Harvey 204
Weitenrneyer, M. 1900
Welch, G. W. 1623
Weld, Horatio H 607
Wenharn, G. J. 608, 1901-1905
Wenig, Stephen 2066
Wellte, Edward F. 2067
Werbrouck, Marcelle 2068
Werner, Hazen G. 609
Wesselius, J. W. 1906-1907
West, Angela 1908
West, Stuart A. 1909-1910
Westbrook, R. 610-611, 1911-
1913,2372,2621
Westen dorf, Wolfhart 2293
Westen holz, A. 2559,2623
Westen holz, Joan Goodnick 1914,
2622-2623
Westerrnann, Clans 612
Westermarck, E. 49
Whartol1, James A. 1915
Whatham, Arthnr E. 1916
Whedbee, J. William 1001
Wheeler, C. B. 1073
252
Wheeler, P. 2553
Whit, William D. 2961
White, Ernest 1917
White, Hugh C. 1918
White, J. B. 613, 1997
Whitelan, Keith W. 1919
Whybray, R. N. 614
Wickham, L. R. 1920
Wieth-Knudsen, K. A. 50
Wifall, Walter 1921
Wiggins, Steve A. 2962
Wijk-Bos, Johanna vall 615
Wijngaarden, W. D. van 616
Wilcke, Claus 2624-2625
Wildeboer, G. 1922
Wildung, Dietrich 2056
Willemaers, N. 2626
Willi-Plein,1. 1923
Williams, Ellen Reeder 205
Williams, James G. 617, 1924-
1925
Willis, J. T. 1926-1928
Wilson, Elizabeth 618
Winlock, H. E. 2069-2071,2294
Winter, Alice Ames 51
Winter, Irene J. 206
Winter, Urs 619
Wiseman, D. J. 1929
Wolff, Hans Walter 620-621
Wolkstein, Diane 2373
Wller, Ulrich 1930
Wolmarans, H. P. 1931
Wolters, Al 1932-1933
Woodrow, Ralph 622
Worden, T. 1934-1935
Wormser-Migot, Qlga 52
Wright, C. J. H. 1936
Wright, David P. 623
Wright, G. E. 1937
Wright, G. R. H. 1938
Wurmnest, Karl F. 624
Wyatt, N. 1939-1941,2838-2839
Xella, P. 2842
Yakar, Jak 207
Yamashita, Tadanori 2963
Yamauchi, Edwin M. 1942-1943
Yankovskaya, N. B. 2737-2738
Yaron, Reuven 1944-1946,2374,
2627-2629,2840
Yee, Gale A. 1947-1950
Yeivin, S. 1951
Yoshikoka, Barbara 1952
YOlUlg, Dwight W. 2841
Yoyotte, Jean 2295-2296
Yubero, Galindo D. 1953
Zabkar, L. V. 2297
Zadok, Ran 2375
ZagarelI, A. 2630
Zakovitch, Yair 1954-1957
Zalcman, Lawrence 1958
Zalevsky, S. 1959
Zappone, Katherine E. 196Q
Zelechow, Bernard 1961
Zevit, Ziony 2964
Ziderman, I. Irving 1962
Ziegenaus, Anton 1963
Ziegler, Christiane 2298
Zimmerman, C. L. 1964
Zimmern, H. 2631
Zingg, E. 1965-1966
Zipor, Moshe 1967-1969
Ziv, Y. 1970
Zivie, Alain-Pierre 208
Zschokke, Hermann 625
Zyl, A. H. van 1971
S UBJECT INDEX
Aahmes-Henuttamehu 2125
Abiah 1970
Abigail 684, 723, 1294, 1350
Abishag 695, 937, 1503
abortion 1379,1809,1810
Achsah 1499
adoption 2076,2077,2111,2160,
2416,2701,2716,2722,2736
adoption, matrimonial 2399,2700
adornment 622
adultery 87,1035,1377,1378,
1415,1590,1803,2138,2251,
2456,2496,2584,2627,2817
adultery metaphor 1032, 1314
adultery motif 1986
agnate marriage 713
Agur 1042
Ahat-milki 2795
Ahhotep 2100,2101,2281
Ahmes Merytamon 2101
Ahmes-Nefertary 2168,2227,
2228,2168
Ahmes Satamon 2103
Akkadian 1824
Alalakh 100, 103
alien wives 1192
Amorites 2633, 2645
Anat(h) 56, 136, 137,923, 935,
1328,1467,
2762,2767,2772,2775,2776,
2785,2796,2797,2839,2884,
2885,2989,2890,2935
Anat Epic (Ugarit) 2749, 2828
Anatolia 168, 169, 183, 185, 2530,
2540; see also Hittites
ancestress in danger see wife-sister
motif
Ancient Near East 53-208, 1451,
1498,1759,1865
angry housewife 2561
Annu (deity) 2650
annunciation 650; see also birth
announcement
anti-feminism 50
anti-Semitism 1606; see also
feminist hermeneutics and
253
Judaism
Anna 2520 .
Aqhat 2805,2821
art, Egyptian 1091
Asenath 508, 1368
Asherah 2763, 2834, 2883-2964
Ashtoreth 699, 1812,2780,2812,
2860
Assyria 1677,2653,2568,2611
Assyrian contracts 2430
Astarte 197,693,939,2134,2162,
2179,2864,2865,2868,2870,
2874,2879,2881,2899,2906,
2918,1953
Athaliah 430, 711, 1270, 1619,
1728
Adltart see Ashtoreth
Atiratu 2863, 2909,2932
Atrahasis 2394, 2439, 2492
Aya (goddess) 2411
Baal-Mot Epic 2804
Baalat-Milk 2860
Baba (goddess) 2458, 2480
Babylonia 111,2932; see also
Mesopotamia; Neo-Babylonia
Baketamnurn (princess) 2129
barren 820, 1004, 1924
barren wife 272,700,963,1184,
1439,2453
Bat (Egyptian goddess) 2145
Bathsheba 520,684, 695, 723,
877,899,1028,1082,1083,
1350,1356,1382,1530,1770,
1915, 1919
Beena marriage 1495
Beersheva 186
betrothal 1067,1924
biblicalnarrative 217,227-229,
235,243,254,297,334,'338,
339,398,400,410,432,433,
440,617,675,688,740,741,
742,766,861,862,988,996,
999,1026,1066,1067-1070,
1165,1211,1254,
1294,1353,1407,1514,1551,
1689,1725,1770,1771,1785,
- -- - - ---
254
1954, 1956, 1957
bibliography 5,43,89,244,549,
2869
bigamy 2624
Bilhah 1271,1345, 1529
birth 2603,2611,2675
birth announcement 1569, 1987
birth ceremonies 2158
birth control 1884,2492
birth prornises 2570
birth rituals 2656,2657
birth scenes 2247
breast feeding 71, 148, 1161
brideprice 2715
bridewealth 2457
caesarian section 2560
Cain's wife 1916, 1940
capital punishrnent 7
career wornan 566,590,825
celibacy 833
Chentkaue 2088
childbirth 771, 1473; see also
obstetrics
Cleopatra 2054
cobra goddess 2030
coiffure 2072,2164,2599,
communication 96
conception 1309
concubine 1108, 2132,2591
concubine at Gibeah 219,403,
583,673
consanguineous
marriage 2115,2135
consecration of women 60
copulation, terms for 1575
covenant 1017, 1451
covenant as marriage metaphor
1972
covenantcode 1014
creation and cosmology 63,69,
257,358,509,540,545,558,
598,627,1509,1723,1870,
2319,2394
creation of woman 943, 1012,
1444,1546,1934,2382
cultic organization 2183
cultic roles of wornen 25,28, 68,
412,438,594,754,793,805,
806,1054, 1417, 1580, 1417,
1580,1720,1926,1988,2533,
2535,2663,2800
cuneiform evidence 1825
Cushite wornan 889,954, 955,
1750
Cyprus 1658
Dahanunzu 2140
Dame Wisdom see Lady Wisdorn
dance 2008,2542
dancing girl 1359
dancing wornen 667,2542,2543
Darius's daughter 2845
daughter as metaphor 15 48
daughter of Cheops 2127
daughter of goddess 108, 112
daughter of Shua 1647
daughter (of) Zion 849, 1037,
1127, 1266, 1796
_____ daughters as s(}ns 4728,2750
daughters of Job 719, 722 "
daughters of Judah 1213
daughters of Zelophehad 718-720,
1597,1696,1698,1778,1896
David's concubines 1330
Davidjs wives 739, 1278, 1351
dawn goddess 141
Dea Syria see goddess, Syrian
Deborah I 953, 1646
Deborah 11 230, 632, 897, 903,
1080,1129,1302,1410,1432,
1673, 1729; see also Judg. 5
deception 1169, 1592
Delilah 292, 1430, 1431, 1711,
1757
desertion 1571,2458
Dinah 497,548,670,845,934,
983, 1024, 1088, 1153, 1271,
1279,1284,1285,1345,1391,
1640, 1699, 1703, 1909, 1941
diplornatic marriage 2266, 2579
divorce 93,218,608, 1065, 1103,
1217,1222,1226,1267,1547,
1571,1603,1682,1719,"1821,
1902,1944,2310,2365,2434,
2529,2557,2610,2840,
dowry 1866,2306,2404,2586,
2587,2715
Drehern 2490
Dumuzu 2326,2362; see also
Tamrnuz
dying god 1657
Ebla 180,204,205
econorny 92, 105, 115
Eden 1322, 1325, 1331, 1670,
Subject Index
2959
education 908
Egypt 3,33,34,89, 106, 111, 765,
1039,1112,1998-2298,2476
Egyptian wife of Solomon 1137,
1138,1397,1769
Ehli-Nikkalu 2743
El-'Uzza (Egyptian goddess) 2241
Elam 106,116,2853
Elam and Persia 2843-2856
Elephantine 2299-2310
Ernar 54, 82, 1221
enchantress 2108
endogamy/exogamy 772, 78 6,
2135,2575
Enheduanna 347,2597,2617
Enki 1456
Enkidu 1388
entu-priestess 2551,2705
erebu marriage 2711
Ereshkigal 2334,2491
eros 1385
Esarhaddon's queen 2516
Eshnunna Code 2374,2627
Eshnunna Code #25 2628
Eshnunna Code #59 2420, 2498
Esther 420, 832, 901, 902, 1050,
1177,1228,1321, 1410, 1420,
1881
Esther, fast of 1446
Eve 91,220,257,282,309,413,
494,509,515,540,545,558,
598,652,668,832,969,1196,
1201, 1242, 1287, 174, 1526,
1546, 1596, 1761, 1772, 1820,
1871,1880,1953,2488,2578
exclusion of wornen 1375
Ezra 839
Ezra's marriage reform 772; see
also alien wives
fall of humankind 933
family 98, 196, 293, 303, 315,
485,503,553,609,611,624,
1084, 1100, 1662, 1870, 1897,
2078,2116,2357,2446,2447,
2524,2620,2625,2648,2737,
2738,2777,2810,2822,2825,
2829,2855 "
farnilyarchives 2318,2412,2723,
2724,2726
family law 611, 1014, 1059, 1587,
1589, 1667, 1936, 1965, 1966,
255
1991,2479,2606,2621,2721,
2734
family life 1968
family structures 1632
father's brother's daughter rnarriage
1885
fec\mdity figures 2001
female correspondence (letters)
2634,2641,2652,2739,2746,
2757,2759,2760,2766,2789,
2792,2817,2827
fernale cult figurines 199
female literacy 2109
fernale rnetaphor 1605
fernale roles 396
fernale weavers 2538
feminine geographical names 1758-
feminine takes precedence syntagm
1631
feminine titles (Egyptian) 2000,
2064,2065,2110,2148,2159,
2163,2180,2210,235
ferninist biblical scholarship, history
of 701,1479,1717, 1718; see
also Wornan's Bible
feminist hermeneutics 210,212,
213,244,286,298,302,307,
317,327,333,336,343,348,
372,380,420,421,434,445,
470,458,472,474,476,484,
500,512,526-530,535,536,
542,552,555,568-572,579,
582-584,603,654,676,745,
870,881,905,998,1021,
1072,1093,1147,1168,1181,
1182,1200,1256,1286,1323,
1331,1375,1398,1465,1474,
1484,1485,1556,1557,1558,
1643, 1684, 1693, 1694, 1696,
1717,1718,1742-1745, 1813,
1814,1822,1823, 1831-1847,
1908, 1960
feminist hermeneutics and Judaisrn
1071,1266, 1606, 1892, 1985;
see also anti-Sernitisrn
feminist hermeneutics, critique of
1468, 1472
fertili ty 96 8
fertility cult 804, 1273, 1328,
1440,1938,1994
fertility goddess 2921
forbidden mixtures 838
256
foreign wo man (Prov. 1-9) 1949
foreign women 361, 1375,1661,
1674
Fowler and His Wife 2379,2381
free Ugaritic female 2816
freeborn dal.lghters, sale of 1450
. gen der 1041, 1063, 1085, 1092,
1460,1461,1605,1792
geoder, grammatical 694, 738
gender-matched paralle1ism 738,
1886,2837
gen der of ancient Israel 1730,
1733
gen der roles 1792
Genesis Apocryphon 1894, 1895
genitals, terms for 1422; see also
vagina
Geshtinanna 2383
gestation 2202, 2226
Gilgamesh 685, 1388,2376,2388,
2475,2486,2553,2606
God as Woman 260, 298, 320,
380,460,535,563,592,619,
726,802,808,1090,1264,
1311, 1740, 1741
goddess(es) 41, 73, 78,84, 101,
102,116,118,138, 140, 142,
151,154,157,163,169,170,
172,174,188,203,207,347,
486,595,941,2096,2158,
2193,2196,2216,2225,2231,
2239,2285,2335,2349,2369,
2389,2414,2553,2615,2647,
2649,2655,2658,2661,2667,
2670,2673,2678,2683,2685,
2689,2740-2742,2779,2784,
2810,2857,2862,2867,2946
goddess in the window 2631
goddess Segal 59
goddess, Syrian 53,2921
goddesses of love 79
goddesses of music 2192
"the great sin" 2251,2815
Gomer 234,246, 620, 693, 702,
1133, 1874, 1891
gynecology 214,1309,2275
Hadassah 1321
Hagar 583,648, 732,864, 869,
985,1043,1101,1124, 1170,
1272,1370,1407,1439,1751,
1808, 1843, 1855, 1918
hairdressers 2256
HaIllllrappi, Code of 2322,2533,
2535,2574
Hamurappi Code #142/143 2410,
2426
handmaid 872, 1015
Hannah 640,641,650,654,698,
885,1004,1045,1296,1302,
1349,1545,1883,1913,1958,
1971
Harab 2336
harem 2052, 2207, 2236, 2290,
2616
harem conspiracy 2174
harem investigation 2172
harlot see prostitution
Hathor 2091,2159
Hatshepsut 2050,2059,2113,
2178,2233,2296
helpmeet 1282, 1455, 1873
hem of the garment 1315
Henut 2256
hieros gamos see sacred marriage
hippopotamus goddess 2286
Hittite(s) 75,940, 1849, , 2654-
2696,2743
Hittite Laws #197-198, 2694
Hnwt 2211
Hoglah 978
Huldah 511,856, 1188, 1380,
1425, 1597, 1616, 1807, 1842
Hurrian(s} 1505,2665,2672,
2697-2738; see also Nuzi
image of God 387,404,752,948,
1055, 1215, 1457, 1621
image of woman in the Bible 1135
impurity of women 879, 2686
Inanna 2327,2331,2362, 2366,
2373,2378,2421,2441,2461,
2477,2483,2499,2506,2509,
2536,2580,2597,2609
Inanna and Enki 2327,2380
Inanna and the Numuo Plant 2506
Inanl1a's Descent 2366,2421,
2483,2499,2532
incest 81, 749, 2094
incll.lsive laoguage 1694
industry in Israel 1815
infertility 2811; see also barren
wife
inheritance 57,611, 717, 719,
720,722,836,930,2727,
Subject Index
2728,2786
inheritance by daughters 55, 717-
720; see also dallghters as sons
Innin 2444
Ioti (Egyptian prillcess) 2224
intermarriage 878, 879, 1103,
1222
Inu 2256
Ishmae1 1855
Ishtar 88, 103, 155, 1128,2311,
2326,2349,2376,2477,2491,
2523,2530,2537,2572,2609,
2639, 2644, 2697
Ishtar, Descent of 2491,2521,
2532
Ishtar-Sad 2528
Ishtar-Shaushga 155,2626
Ishtarat 2651
Isis (goddess) 2043,2044,2177,
2297
Isis (princess) 2288
J 248,760, 761, 888, 1052, 1388,
1463, 1723
Jaba 2417
Jae1 230, 639, 853, 1129, 1673,
1714
Jephthah's daughter 449,583,767,
1000, 1057, 1070, 1224, 1283,
1839,1841
Jeremiall 1592
jewe1ry 1600,2588
Jezebe1 252,384, 774, 784, 1056,
1551,1567,1570,1668,1726,
1783,1785,1900
Jezebe1's seal 131
Job 735
Job's wife 1477, 1676
Jochebed 1690
Katimala (Egyptian princess) 2176
Keret 2748,27542821
Khenemet-Nefer-Hedjet 2243
Kheiisa (queen) 2167
Khirbet el-Qom 2915,2923,2930,
2941,2944,2958,2964
kinship 963, 1632
kotharot goddesses 2826,2830
Kiya 2188
Kuntillet 'Ajrud 2891,2901,2902,
2907,2911,2916,2929,2943,
2944,2945,2958,2960
257
labor 105
Lachish ewer 2920
Lady Wisdom 423,424, 1327,
1509,1511,1543,1791,1979
Lallmu-Lahamu 2519
Lama 2600
language, feminist 1058
law and law codes 4, 93, 95, 106,
107,275-277,315,329,408,
468,488,493,591,610,611,
919,920,1010,1014,1059,
1064,1216,1235,1355,1377,
1378,1450,1451,1667,1905,
1936,1980,2322,2323,2361,
2365,2372,2374,2427,2479,
2540,2557,2577,2584,.2694
law, Egyptian 2004
law in historical books 715, 716
law in Ruth 704
Leah 574,952,965,1051,1242,
1271,1324,1345,1347,1498,
1529, 1964
levirate marriage 428,660, 713,
919,930,1221,1362,1426,
1650,
levirate marriage in Assyira 919,
2484
Lilith 1310
Lot's daughters 1018, 1130, 1242,
1395, 1610, 1954
Lot's wife 1304, 1387
love 285,531,768,967,968,
1020, 1039, 1115, 1120, 1385,
1392,1538
love goddesses 2481
love poetry 340,1039, 1582, 1997,
2250,2362,2384,2403,2429,
2482,2518,2595
Ll.lwians 2671,2693
Ma'adonall. 133, 164
Maat 2293
Mafdat 2097
Manoah's wife 292, 644, 1429
manumission see slavery
Marall 1318
mare goddess 2818
Mari 1016,2632-2653
marriage 30, 38, 47, 49, 61, 100,
209,267,315,322,369,370,
444,468,486,496,553,580,
608,624,819,922,992,1003,
258
1006-1009,1084,1087,1120,
1146,1172,1210,1248,1274,
1315,1366,1388,
1564,1632,1642,1719,1784,
1827,1848,1865,1917,1966,
1976, 1984, 1989,2037,2047,
2079,2081,2083,2118,2365,
2583,2584,2589,2648,2829,
2832,2852
marriage blessing 1566,2820
marriage ceremonies (Babylonian)
2454,2545; see also wedding
ceremonies
marriage contracts 2302,2303,
2307,2353,2455,2471,2484,
2729
_ -marriage fidelity 1316
marriage imagery 1982
marriage metaphor 1017, 1173,
1522, 1974
marriage motif 1656
marriage, restoration of 1902,
1912,1945
marriage to a daughter 2191
matriarch 571,572, 1277,1468,
1515
matriarchy 3,48,604,605,679
matrimonial influence 1445
matrimoniallaw 468,2279,2280,
2351,2372,2659
matrimonial property 2047
matrimonial squabbles 2107
matronymic family 916
medicine 256,483,2517,2543,
2560; see also gynecology
medicine, Egyptian 2035,2119,
2165,2185,2275
menstruation 911,1594, 1629
Merab 165, 1105, 1338
Meresankh 111 (queen) 2058
Meribaal 717, 720, 1867
Meritamum 2258
Meritamun 2258
Meryet-Amun 2070
Meryet-Nit 2203
Merysankh (queen) 2016
Mesopotamia 1161, 1377, 1378,
1824,2311-2631
Michal 283,684, 716, 1105, 1338,
1352, 1371, 1466, 1611, 1806,
1825
Middle Assyrian Laws 1576,2323,
2629
Law #8 1767
Law#221894,1896
midwife 726
Milkah 1486
Miriam 1048, 1107, 1132, 1318,
1339,1545,1572,1643,1659,
1690,1750,1779,1844,1847
Miriam, Song of 917
misogyny 1381, 1423, 1556, 1755
Molech 1777, 1893
monogamy 1313,1602,1654,
1682,2135
Moses's adoptive mother 1690
Moses's wives 1002, 1624
mother 1601, 1729, 1803
---mother bereft of children 1266- - -
mother earth 1727
mother goddess 168, 172,202,
517,634,2553,2558
mother of Apis 2270
mother of Chefren 2129 .
mother of God 66
mother of Lemuel 957
mother of Rameses TI 2252
mother worship 504
motherhood 15, 112,221, 151,'
1069
motherhood of God 726, 802,
1731
mother's first born 798
mother's house 1464
mourning women 158, 159, 187
Mntnodjme 2073
Mwtrmt 2131
Mylitta 1157, 1159,2478,2527
Naamah 691, 1034
naked woman motif 2314,2495
naming of children 1281, 1995,
2675
Nana 2387,2569
Nanna-Suen 2328
Naomi 785,875,900, 1123, 1261,
1939
Naunakhte 2114
nazirite 843
Nbt (queen) 2211
Nebt (princess) 2182
necromancer see witch of Endor
necropolis workmen 2199,2200,
2201,2245,2278
Nedebiah 171
Subject Index
Neo-Babylonian 2583-2585,2589,
2619,2620
Nefertari 2197
Nefertiti 1998,2054,2187,2253,
2261,2262
Neferure (princess) 2204
Nehemiah 839
Neit (queen) 2029, 2136
Ningal 2678
Ninhilia 2564
Ninhursag 1456,2382,2438
Ninni-zaza 2651
Nintur 2485
Ninurta 2438
Nisaba 2593
Nitocris 2232
Nofretari2015, 2056, 2060 -
Noub-ounet (queen) 2215
nursing 2158; see also breast
feeding
nursing goddess 2835
Nut (goddess) 2095,2195,2265
Nuzi 1272, 1450, 1505, 1677,
1890,2399,2699-2738
oaths, biblical 1344
obscenity in the Bible 265
obstetrics 763,2560
Onan 780
ordeal 74,90,1413, 1614, 1680,
2344,2851,2853
Orpah 875, 1123, 1555
Ouadjit wp t3wy 2118
ovulation 1309
P 1388,1727
patriarchal narratives 998, 1751
patriarchal period 1126
patriarchal stamp of Scripture
1475
patriarehs 1245, 1890
patriarchy 232, 1908
patrilinearity 1525, 1860
patrilocality 1525
Pente-Shenna 2817
perfumes 783, 912
Persia 2530,2539
personal names 177,2375,2419,
2645,2719
personification as womel1 1960
Peseshet 2185
Pharaoh's daughter 1397
Phoenicians 1076,2857-2882
259
Pilgrim Bible 1846
pollutant female 1266; see also
impllrity of women in index of
biblical texts
polygamy 190,932,1244, 1313,
1602,1636
Potiphar's wife 401,416,500,
508,1240
priestesses 2045,2169,2551,
2574,2717
priestesses of Hathor 2020, 2267
priesthood 238,284
prillcess, Hittite 2663
princesses, Egyptian 2024,2071,
2124,2212
promiscuity 1316
- - - property 611
prophecy addressed (through men)
to women 1411
prophesying daughters 1044
prophetess 848, 1048, 1253, 1572,
1643,2646
prostitution 7, 16,22,23,32, 756,
814,1157,11591179,1803,
1826,1978,2527,2567
prostitution, sacred 347, 686, 804,
960, 1031, 1081, 1943,
1983,2386,2478
Pllall 1705
Pllduhepa 2665,2682,2692
purification 153,312,623, 1060
purity 312
PY An. 607 62
Qaus (Edomite deity) 2238
qlleen(s) 2563,2680,2704,2764
see also royal women
queen mother 665, 721, 850, 964,
1231,1483,1540,2156,2660
queen of heaven 942, 1552, 1893,
2827,2950
queens of Egypt 2009,2024,2034,
2042,2062,2104,2133,2137,
2149,2225,2272
Qudshll 2134
Radle! 629,674,907,952,965,
1115,1140,1242,1271,1324,
1345, 1347, 1410, 1498, 1529,
1825
Rache! weeping for her children
1364
Rahab 626,657,697, 709, 831,
260
924, 1191, 1329, 1527, 1560,
1661,1852,1929,2555
rain goddess 2608
rape 259,395,1250,1357,1562,
1651
Rebekah 644,649,832,907,
1247, 1272, 1340, 1382, 1410,
1646,1664, 1665, 1672, 1763,
1792,1853,1854,1923,1962,
1993
request of a wife to her husband
2153,2154
Reuben 1094
Rizpah 1867
royal cemetary 2554
royal wornen 2549,2550,2552,
2601,2619,2653
RUtil 420,812,819,832,875,
901, 1123, 1127, 1177, 1374,
1412, 1661, 1938
sacred rnarriage 110,233, 841,
1582,2340,2500,2503,2504,
2534,2544,2545,2574,2607,
2612,2838,2841,2865
sacrifice 1245, 1246
sage, fernale 2476
Sadarnuna 2596
Samson 1001, 1361, 1554, 1795,
1879
sandal, removing of 835
Sarah 232,457,589, 732, 759,
764,800,907,985,1170,
1272,1390,1410,1622,1774,
1855,1858,1918,1951,1993
Sarai 1439
Sarrat-Kidmuri 2425
Sarrat-Niphi 2425,2594
Sat-Hathor-Yount 2274
seal 122, 123, 157, 1174, 2542,
2543,2688,2732
seals ofwomen 131, 133-135,
164,165,683
secondary wife 94
Sedjemet-Nebet 2171
Sefadi 194
Semiramis 3,2324,2350,2618
Senenrnout 2096
Senmut 2087
serving women see Ex. 38:8 in
index of biblical texts
sex and sexuality 23, 265, 285,
290,310,314,323,356,390,
Warnen in the Biblical World
396,485,495,496,531,533,
678, 689, 753, 803, 820, 857,
882,927-929,972,1041,
1064,1116,1117,1151,1171,
1303, 1316, 1361, 1400, 1418,
1422, 1436, 1438, 1492, 1507,
1632, 1633, 1638, 1701, 1702,
1804, 1859, 1872, 1903, 1917,
2038,2428,2431,2437
sex roles 2687; see also gender
sexist language 755, 971, 1181,
1937
sexual politics 1069
Shaddai 424, 747
Shallaf and Shalim 2833
Shawushka 2696, 2717
Sheba, Queen of 1369, 1396, 1615
Shelepputum (princess of Ur In)
2494
Sheulgi 2502
Shibtll 2634, 2635
Shiloh 541
Shiphrah 1705
Shtart 2860
Shugi 2717
Shulgi-simti 2451
Shunem see Abishag
Sinuhe's foreign wife 2085
Sippar 122,2332,2359,2465,
2472,2473
Sisera's mother 230, 1129
sistership adoption 2842
sistership contract 2706, 2708,
2712,2713
slandered hride 2459
slavery 97, 99,567, 1241, 1280,
1450,1856,2003,2321,2363,
2395,2412,2430,2445,2474,
2511,2547
snake goddess 2398
sodomy 81
son of a handmaid 1015
sorceress 2614
Sotah see Num. 5
spouses, divine 2021,2022,2055
ST-Imm 2229
succession narrative 524,633,635,
865,1075,1164,1169,1299,
1382,1402,1689,1906,1915
Sumerianlove songs 1308, 1583
Sumerians 1456, 1582, 1760,
2312,2325,2331,2360,2362,
Subject Index
2367,2373,2377,2378,2382,
2383,2387,2414,2436,2457,
2460,2479,2499-2509,2531,
2534,2538,2549-2552,2555,
2561,2562,2564-2567,2578,
2580-2582,2591,2595,2597,
2601,2605,2613
sun goddess (Ugarit) 2668, 2778
Taanach cult stand 2919
Tamar I (Gen. 38) 671,680, 1210,
1242,1389,1531,1541,1647,
1775,1914, 1979
Tamar II (2 Sam. 13) 395,520,
583,653,936,984,989,1180,
1206, 1278, 1382, 1524, 1651,
1910, 1915
Tammuz 1128, 1942,2311,2327
Tammaritu 2525
Tanit 2209,2873,2875,2877
Tanit, sign of 2209,2858,2867,
2878
Tany 2268
Tausret (queen) 2089, 2090
T b ~ r (queen) 2831
Tchat 2291
Tefnout 2213
Tekoite woman 1207, 1262, 1348
teraphim 634, 1140, 1221, 1677
Teta-Chera 2128
Teticheri 2294
Thenti-Hapi 2113
Thermouthis (goddess) 2264
Thihi 2005
Ti-mienese (queen) 2204
Tiamat 2452
Tinnit 2869
Touy 2181
trickster 472, 827, 991
Tseneh ure'enah 1479
Tutanapsum 2623
Twosre (queen) 2093, 2161
typology of women 924
Ugarit 75,294, 1566, 1568, 1570,
1848,2162,2739-2842,2867,
2897,2932
Ugaritic fertility myth 1935
Ugaritic juridical texts 2808
Ukkie the daughter (Nuzi) 2735
vagina 1316
Vashti 1617
Venus deities 2381,2949
victory song 1990
261
virgin 1467, 1876; see also 'alrnah;
betulah in index of Hebrew
terms
virgin birth 1013
Virgin (of) Israel 1735
virginity 429,435,631, 1047,
1283,1343,1471,2524
virgins, consecrated 2295
virgins, disposal of 947
vows 843,1568,2824
wedding ceremony, Egyptian 2077,
2198
weeping goddess 2508
welt as symbol for wife 945
wet-n ursing 1704
wetnurses, diville 1934
widow 871
widow's rights 863,2562
wife 312, 624, 625
wife as metaphor 1548
wife of God 1732
wife of Merneptah 2123
wife-sister motif 638,681, 748,
866,906,950,1390,1505,
1585,1600,1607,1787,1924,
2713
wine 1996
winged goddesses (Ugarit) 2768
Winnirke 2732
wisdom 222,305,327,349,359,
425,823,826-828,883,1038,
1113,1121,1239,1293,1327,
1509, 1691
wisdom, divine 1301
wisdom, Egyptian 1293
wisdom ofwomen 656
wise woman 743,824,826-828,
1907
witch of Eu-Dor 686, 743, 806,
1421, 1428, 1587, 1776, 1786
womall as child 2121
Womall as God 260
Woman Wisdom see Lady Wisdom
womanhood, in biblical perspective
1497
Woman's Bible 555,729,730,
1220, 1289, 1618, 1952
women, adult single 2585
women, Egyptian contribution of
2219
262
wornen, role in Hebrew Scriptllre
1298, 1401, 1435, 1458, 1539,
1805, 1922
wornen, role in SUl1ler 2490
wornen, role in Mesopotarnia 2622
wornen, skeletal rernains 130, 156,
160
wornen, statues of 126, 127, 158,
159,194,195,199,200,2367
wornen, status of 31,34-36,42,
44,45,64,65,85,94,104,
107,114,119-121,240,245,
254,269,270,296,319,325,
364,408,420,556,557,600,
616, 728, 788, 793, 794, 797,
821,822, 854, 898, 910, Y62,
---973,990,1012, 1053, 1066,---
1074, 1224, 1275, 1435, 1454,
1487, 1518, 1559, 1800, 1975,
1980,1981,2041,2046,2074,
2086,2099,2120,2184,2194,
2248,2249,2259,2276,2277,
2308,2348,2358,2391,2539,
'2582,2585,2684,2710,2787,
2788,2816
wornen, subjugation oE 2582
wotnenih Bltsiness 2443
wornen in David's life 723
wornen in early Israel 1458, 1559
wornen in period oE the Judges 913
wornen in pictorial art 122, 124,
129,191,192,198,206,206
wornen in Sarnson's life 292, 1795
wornen in positions of power 1973
women physicians 2120,2165
wornen power 19,825,855, 1046,
1811,2400,2407
wornen sailors 2151
wornen singers 1054,1462,2771
wornen's dress 2493
wornen's history 1,2,6,8, :i4, 27,
31,33,34,50,51,52,58, 77,
86,458,1458
wOl1len's occupations 2377,2412,
2565
women 's performance 1462
wOl1len's personal narnes (Hebrew)
1790
wornen writers 347 , 1114,2597,
----2617, 2664
wornen's liberation 1683, 1685
women's rites 46, 1265
women's work 1824
writing 1816
Yahweh depicted 201,551
Yahwist (ic) 248,289,760, 861; see
also J
Zelophehad 978; see also
daughters of Zelophehad
Zibbatum 2415
Zilpah 1271, 1345, 1964
Zion as rnother 1731,1733
Zipporah 773, 1219, 1269, 1305,
1661
INDEX OF BIBLICAL REFERENCES
Pentateuch 499
Gen. 276,375,398,612,1802,
1870, 1908
Gen. 1 :26-28 404
Gen.l:27 380, 752, 1089, 1457,
1502,1766
Gen. 1:1-2:3 1468
Gen.l:26-31 1456
Gen.l:27 948,1215,1517,1635,
1671,1963
Gen. 1:1-11:9 1722
Gen. 1-2 927, 1237
Gen. 1-3 296,509,515, 753,
1535, 1797
Gen.l-4 371,1199,1410
Gen.1-5 979
Gen. 1.,.,9 2439
- G ~ n . 1-11 469,479
Gen. 1-18 873
Gen.l 1360,1781
Gen.2:7-22 1517
-Gen. 2:18 1773
Gen. 2: 18-20 852, 1282
Gen.2:18-24 1455. 1671
Gen.2:20-23 1820
Gen.2:21 540
Gen.2:23 405, 1301, 1627, 1921
Gen.2:23-24 1444
Gen.2:24 710, 778, 1096, 1337,
1366
Gen. 2:25 1709
Gen.2:25-3:7 1113
Gen.2-3 222, 257, 282, 400,
487,545,558,587,598,627,
652,663,678,685,758,807,
815,933,943,1012,1079,
1167,1187,1242,1274,1275,
1295, 1322, 1325, 1331, 1456,
1475, 1493, 1526, 1638, 1670,
1723,1724,1832,1882,2864
Gen.2-4 1474, 1536
Gen. 3 928, 1925
Gen.3:1-6 1200
Gen.3:5 1011
Gen.3:14 1110
Gen.3:15 1579
263
Gen.3:14-15 1652, 1653
Gen.3:16 890, 1036, 1461, 1561,
1692, 1734
Gen.4:1 846
Gen.4:1-6 1187
Gen.4:7 949, 1036
Gen. 4:22 691
Gen.5:2-3 948
Gen.6:1-4 921,986,993, 1193-
1194,1197,1263,1307,1386,
-1434, 1437;1519, 1585
Gen. 6:2 1920
Gen. 6:4 1394
Gen. 11 :30 809
Gen.12-50 998
Gen. 12:10-13 1480
Gen.12:10-20 638, 748, 866,
1272,1390,1584,1787,1924
Gen.14:24 2834
Gen. 16:1 1946
Gen.16:1-16 583,648, 732, 864,
869, 1043, 1101, 1272, i407,
1808, 1855,1918
Gen.16:4-14 1217
Gen. 16:6 1170
Gen. 16:11-12 1521
Gen.16:13 769
Gen.16:13b 1738,1748
Gen.18:1-15 1774
Gen.18:10 873,1163
Gen.18:14 873
Gen. 18-19 1130
Gen. 19 1332
Gen. 19:12-28 1304
Gen. 19:30-38 1018, 1395, 1954
Gen.20 638, 748, 866,951,
1272, 1480, 1584, 1787, 1894,
1895, 1924
Gen.20:12 1951
Gen. 21 :6-7 1622
Gen.21:8ff 1521
Gen.21:9-21 583,648,864,869,
1043,1101,1407,1808,1855,
1918
Gen. 21:10,12 1575
Gen.22 800
264
Gen. 23-29 649
Gen.24 644, 1383, 1664, 1665,
1672, 1853, 1854, 1924
Gen. 24: 11 1962
Gen.24:59 1646
Gen.25:19-26 1393
Gen.25:22 1675
Gen. 26:1-11 1480, 1924
Gen.26:1-16 638, 748,866,
1272, 1584, 1787
Gen.27 1923
Gen.29 1501, 1924
Gen.29:18-25 674,952, 1051
Gen. 29:25 1242
Gen.29:31-30:24 1345, 1995
Gen. 29:32 1529
Gen. 30:3 1946
Gen. 30:9 1946
Gen. 30: 14ff. 776
Gen.31:19 1140, 1825
Gen.31:35 1086
Gen.34 497,643,670,845,934,
983,1016,1024,1088,1153,
1279, 1284, 1285, 1295, 1391,
1640, 1699, 1703, 1909,
1956
Gen.35 1646
Gen.35:8 953
Gen.35:18 874
Gen. 35 :22 1529
Gen. 37-50 508, 796
Gen. 37-Ex. 765
Gen.38 671,680, 780, 814, 863,
984,987,988,989,1242,
1295, 1389, 1426, 1531,
1541, 1647, 1775, 1914, 1979
Gen.38:14 1660
Gen.38:27-30 1393
Gen.39 401
Gen.39:10-18 1240
Gen.47 1930
Gen.47:29-31 1793
Gen.48:1-16 1793
Gen. 49:3-4 1094
Gen. 49:6 643
Ex.1-2 1768
Ex.1:7 1160
Ex.1:8-2:10 997
Ex.l:19 966
Ex.2:5-21 1924
Ex. 4:24 1269
EX.4:24-26 1219, 1305, 1469,
1496, 1661, 1992
Ex.4:26 775
Ex.15917
Ex. 15:20 1643
Ex. 15 :21 1545
Ex.18:2 938
Ex.20:12 708, 1936
Ex.20:13 1936
Ex.20:14 1559, 1746, 1936
Ex.20:15 1035
Ex.20:17 1136, 1866
Ex.21:1-6 1241
Ex.21-24 488
Ex.21:7-11 1450
Ex.21:10 776,1153,1780
Ex.21:22-23 1233,1809, 1810
Ex.21:22-25 980, 1218, 1379
Ex.21-22 1667
Ex.21-24 488
Ex. 22:15f. 1559
Ex.38:8 238, 1112
Lev.12:1-5 1419
Lev. 15:19-23 1629
Lev. 15:19-25 911
Lev. 15:19-28 1309
Lev. 18 749,893,894
Lev. 18:6-18 1216
Lev. 18:18 1828
Lev. 18-19 1325
Lev.19:20-22 1747,1788
Lev. 19:29 1967
Lev. 20 893, 894
Lev.21:7 1967, 1968
Lev.21:9 1967
Lev.21:13 1968
Lev.21:14 -1967,1968
Lev.24:10-16 1073
Lev.24:10-23 1482, 1576
Lev.24:11 1373
Lev.25:39-46 1241
Num.5:11-31 74,407,795,
1030, 1061-1062, 1470, 1680
Num.6:1-21 843
Num.11-12 1750
Num.12 1659
Num. 12:1 889
Num.12:12 886
Num.25:8 1641
Num. 27 1694, 1696f
Num.27:1-11 1778
Nmll. 30:2-17 643
Index of Biblical References
Num.36 1694, 1696
Num.36:1-9 1778
Deut. 241,275-277,501,513,
518,606,1803,1804
Deut.5:16 708, 1936
Deut.5:17 1035, 1136, 1936
Deut.5:18 1746, 1936-
Deut.5:21 1866
Deut.7:13 939
Deut. 15:12-18 1241
Deut.21 836, 1803
Deut.21-25 1667
Deut. 21:10-14 915
Deut.21:18-21 714,823
Deut.22 1803
Deut. 22:5 1663
Deut. 22: 13-29 1905
Deut. 22:13-19, 28 1217
Deut.22:13-21 435,1416, 1721,
1829
Deut.23:19 811
Deut.24:1-4 1217, 1502, 1682,
1821, 1902, 1912, 1955
Deut.25:4-12 995
Deut.25:5-10 428,660, 713,
1362, 1426
Deut.25:9 591
Deut.25:10 1650
Deut. 25 :9-10 835
Deut.25:11-12 994,1576, 1767
Deut.32:18 1635
Josh. 501
Josh.2:9-21 831, 1329
Josh.15:18 1499
Josh.17:1-16 1778
Judg. 411,455,501,602,1449
Judg.1:14 1499
Judg.2:10 1616
Judg.4:4-22 1514
Judg.4-5 230,632,639,655,
1023,1714
Judg.5 884,944, 1176, 1186,
1357,1358,1365, 1782, 1812
Judg. 5 :25 1613
Judg.5:29 1898
Judg.6:27 1357, 1358
Judg.9 1243
Judg.11 449,583,1224,1283
Judg.13 996
Judg.13-15 292, 1001
Judg.13-16 1757
Judg.14 1144, 1501, 1523
Judg.14-15 1760,1819
Judg.16 1501,1711, 1795
Jlldg. 16:21 1824
265
Judg.19 219,4032,583,1332
Judg. 19:3 1955
Judg. 19-20- 1532
Judg.21 541, 1295
Judg., warnen in 1544
1-2 Sam. 373,520, 1278
1 Sam. 351,502
1 Sam. 1 974,976,1771,1883,
1959
1 Sam. 1-2 1926, 1971
1 Sam. 1:8 1913
1 Sam. 1:15 640
1 Sam. 2:1-10 698,834,1045,
1296d, 1349,1443, 1545,
1657,1927
1 Sam. 2:11 885
1 Sam. 2:22 1112
1 Sam. 6-9 976
1 Sam. 8:3 820
1 Sam. 12:17a 867
1 Sam. 18 1338
1 Sam. 19 1501
1 Sam. 19:11-17 1677, 1825
1 Sam. 25 283,684,1350,1480
1 Sam. 28 686, 743,806, 1586,
1776, 1786, 1801
2 Sam. 824
2 Sam. 3:14-16 1217
2 Sam. 3:12-16 716
2 Sam. 6:16, 20-23, 1611
2 Sam. 9-20; 1 Kgs.
1-2 633,635,1075,1169,
1906, 1915
(see also "succession narrative")
2 Sam. 10-12 225, 1336
2 Sam. 11 . 1028, 1082, 1083,
1480, 1948
2 Sam. 11-12 1038
2 Sam. 11:4 1309
2 Sam. 12 1749
2 Sam. 12:1-15 651
2 Sam. 13 222,395,583,653,
936, 1180, 1956
2 Sam. 13-20 288
2 Sam. 14 1907
2 Sam. 14:1-20 1348
2 Sam. 14:1-24 1207
266
2 Sam. 14:4-21 715
2 Sam. 16:21-22 1330
2 Sam. 20 1907
2 Sam. 20:13-22 1095
2 Sam. 21:10 1612
1 Kgs. 1:2,4 1503
1 Kgs. 1:3, 15 937
1 Kgs. 2:19 1540
1 Kgs. 3 1038
1 Kgs. 3:16-28 744,951,970,
1333, 1346, 1628
1 Kgs. 9:16 658
1 Kgs. 10 1113
1 Kgs. 10:1-13 1396
1 Kgs. 11:8b 877
_____ 1 Kgs.21:1-16 1900
1 Kgs. 21:1-20 1668
1 Kgs. 21:8 1570
2 Kgs. 4:17 1163
2 Kgs. 5 880
2 Kgs. 6:24-33 1333
2 Kgs. 9 1551, 1567, 1658
2 Kgs. 9-10 1785
2 Kgs. 22:14-20 16165
2 Kgs. 23:7 1273
Isa. 975
Isa. 1:16-21 1736
Isa.3:16-4:1 1411
Isa.3:18-23 1600
Isa. 6-12 801
Isa.7:14-17 409,427,631,724,
731,777,779,891,892,961,
1013, 1110, 1125, 1185, 1202,
1204,1268,1288,1291,1320,
1334, 1335, 1500, 1577, 1639,
1648, 1649, 1700, 1817, 1857,
1928
Isa.7-8 820
Isa. 8:3 1253
Isa.14:12-15 2937
Isa. 32:9-14 1411
Isa.40:2 1029
Isa. 40-55 977
Isa.40-66 802, 1155, 1156, 1574
Isa.42:1-9 1737
Isa.42:10-17 926,1155,1156
Isa.47:1-4 1576
Isa.49:14-26 1264
Isa.49:15 1122, 1154
Isa.54:1-13 809
Isa.62 664
Jer. 945,975, 1007
Jer. 2:2-13 1520
Jer. 2: 13 945
Jer.2:32 1574
Jer.2-3 1982
Jer. 3:1 1955
Jer.4 1266
Jer.7:17-18 1552
Jer.7:18 942, 1630
Jer.31:15 809
Jer.31:15-22 661, 1364, 1837
Jer. 31 :22 1208, 1209, 1235
Jer.34 1280
Jer.44:15-30 1411,1552
Jer. 44: 17-19, 25 942
Jer.44:19 1630
Ezek.8:14 1128, 1141, 1658
Ezek. 13: 17-23 1411
Ezek. 16 1142, 1950
Ezek. 16:7 1969
Ezek. 16:8 591
Ezek.23:20 2531
Ezek. 23:24-25 1576
Hos. 361,424,585, 736, 746,
982, 1009, 1171, 1273, 1319,
1408, 1440, 1491, 1506
Hos.l 1681
Hos. 1-2 1290, 1625
Hos. 1-3 246,620,628,687,
701, 733,841, 1003, 1098,
1405, 1579, 1644, 1645,
1679, 1686, 1762, 1874, 1875
Hos. 1-4 1295
Hos.1-5 1974
Hos.l:2 659
Hos. 1:2-9 1017
Hos.2 860,958,959, 1732
Hos. 2:4 1424
Hos. 2:4-5 1221
Hos.2:4-9 1314
Hos.2:4-7:12 2961
Hos.2:17b 1049
Hos.3:1 770
Hos.4 1099
Hos.4:4-1O 946
Hos. 10:9 673
Hos.11 1311, 1740,1741
Hos.ll:l-4 1635
Hos.14:9 2935
Am. 1994
Index of BiblicaI References
Am.l:13 868
Am.2:7 1575
Am.4:1 1238
Mic. 1994
Mic.4:9 1158
Mic. 5: 13 2925
Nah.2:8 941
Zeph.2:4 1958
Zech.5:5-11 940
Zech.5:7 858
Mru. 773,981,1009
Mru.2:10-16 1103, 1222, 1259,
-- --1266,1548, 1682--- - - --
Mru.2:12 1102
Mru.2:14-16 636
Mru.2:16 1260, 1931
Ps.45 1409, 1550, 1573, 1726
Ps.48:11 1213
Ps. 97:8 1213
Ps.l13 904, 1045, 1927
Ps. 113:9 844, 1427
Ps. 123 222
Ps. 128 222
Ps.131 222
Ps.139 1810
Provo 274,425,826-828,945,
1511
Prov.1-9 239,253,647, 762,
1448, 1949
Provo 1-24 1293
Prov.l:20-33 1512, 1836
Prov.5:15-18 1316
Prov.6:26 736
Prov.7 630
Prov.8 1791
Prov.8:22-31 646,1509,1947
Prov.9 1543
Prov.9:1 1327
Prov.9:1-12 1297, 1528
Provo 21:9, 19 1556
Prov.25-29 1293
Prov.27:15 1556
Prov.30 1042, 1293
Prov.30:15a 1104
Prov.30:18-20 768
Prov.31 1293, 1363
Prov.31:1 957
Prov.31:1-9 909
Prov.31:27 1933
267
Prov.31:10-31 914,1399, 1404,
1932
Job. 2:9 1676
Job. 10 1810
Job.17:14 1119
Job.19:15 1631
Job.31:1 1467
Cant. 245,310,314,328,340,
362,366,382,422,464,581,
637,712,782,799,841,929,
945,959,967,1020,1039,
1040, 1077, 1078, 1091, 148,
______ 1189, 1274, 1303, 1308, 1312, __ _
1325,1326,1385,1400,1418,
1434,1442,1460,1508,1582,
1593,1608,1633,1634,1678,
1691,1707,1708,1710,1712,
1715,1752-1754,1756, 1764,
1830,1888,1997,2403
Cant. 1:5 1111
Cant.2:8-17 1510
Cant. 3:8 1295
Cant. 3:9f 1109
Cant.3:10 1150
Cant.5:10-11 782
Cant.5:16 1341
Cant. 7:1 937, 1513
Cant.8:6 1174, 1513
Ruth 258, 262, 287, 420, 428,
510,513,523,537,534,660,
704, 741, 742, 812,813,837,
875, 1022, 1025-1027, 1086,
1139,1152,1229-1230, 1355,
1362,1384,1426,1476,1481,
1537, 1583, 1591, 1609, 1623,
1706, 1725, 1838,1850, 1851,
1887, 1938
Ruth 1:10 1318
Ruth 1:19 1261
Ruth 2:7 705, 707, 1225
Ruth 3 706, 1441, 1954
Ruth 3:9 591, 1315
Ruth 3:16 1637
Ruth 4:5 703, 1131
Ruth 4:8 591
Ruth 4:14-15 1650
Ruth 4:16 591,1162
Ruth 4:18-22 1403
268
Larn.2 1266
Eccles. 341
Eccles.7:23-8:1 692, 1381
Esth. 242, 287, 420, 462, 559,
671,681,781,842,847,862,
895, 1050, 1121, 1145,1175,
1257, 1258, 1353, 1376,
1447,1488, 1489, 1490
Neh. 361
INDEX OF HEBREW AND AKKADIAN TERMS
HEBREW
dam 979, 1134, 1199 -
'ama 872, 1252
1134
zara 1949
zeniinim 659
b' 'eI 803
bepetal} 'enayim 1660
betulah 1467, 1876, 1901
betulim 1283
gebirah 1483, 1861; see also queen
mother in subject index
go'el 428,931, 1481, 1706
dibber 'al leb 1029
hlk 'eI 803, 1575
znh 1978
I}lla 1359, 1967
ka 'et I}ayah 1163
MAR 1318
melug 2793
mrim 1563
mrl}m 1122,1154,1620
na 'arah 1405
nebi'ah 1253
nebalah 1588
sokenet 1503,2798
'ezer kenegd 1671, 1773
'alrnah 724,427, 731, 777, 779,
269
1125, 1291, 1334, 1406, 1516,
1639, 1648, 1649, 1794, 1817,
1857
'alah 1575
'anah 935
'na 1780
1108
1933
1157, 1159, 1914
qnh 1172
riJm 1122, 1154, 1620
1397
872, 1252
1898
949, 1036
AKKADIAN
22330,2533, 2535, 2574
kezertum 2442
mulugu 2793
nadItum 2329,2415,2464-2467,
2469,2533,2535,2574,2604,
2624
1157, 1159, 1914, 2330,
2533,2535,2574
2487
2624
I
I
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
MAYER I. GRUBER is a graduate of Duke University. He earned his
Master of Hebrew" Literature Degree and Rabbinie Ordination from
the Jewish Theologieal Seminary of America and his M.A., M.Phil.,
and Ph.D. in Ancient Semitic Languages and Literatures from CoJum-
bia University. From 1970 to 1980 he served on the faculty of Sper-
tus College of Judaica in Chicago. Dr. Gruber was rabbi of Mikdosh
EI-Hagro Hebrew Center in Evanston, Illinois from 1976 to 1980.
Since 1980 he has taught in the Department of Bible and Ancient
Near East at Ben-Gurion University of the"Negev in Beersheva, Israel.
.. - Gruber's honors iriclude a Grant-in-Aid from the Ameriean Council--
of Learned Societies in 1979, and a bibliographie award from the
American Theological Library Association in 1990. Gruber's previous
publications include Aspects of Nonverbal Communication in the
Ancient Near East (2 vols.; Rome: Biblical Institute Press" 1980) and
The Motherhood of God and ather Studies (South Florida Studies in
the History of Judaism, no. 57; Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1992).
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