ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION COMPONENTS

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE MOST COMMON FUEL INJECTION COMPONENTS FOR MULTI PORT FUEL INJECTION STARTING AT THE GAS TANK!

ELECTRIC FUEL PUMPS

PURPOSE- PUMPS FUEL UNDER HIGH PRESSURE TO FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR. THERE ARE THREE BASIC SYSTEMS: INTANK HIGH PRESSURE PUMP, FOR SINGLE GAS TANK APPPLICATIONS. FRAME MOUNTED HIGH PRESSURE PUMP, FOR SINGLE GAS TANK APPLICATIONS, AND LOW PRESSURE ELECTRIC FUEL PUMPS IN EACH GAS TANK ( PICK UP AND TRUCK APPLICATIONS ) AND A FRAME MOUNTED HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMP. WHICH HAS A ELECTRIC SWITCHING VALVE MOUNTED ON THE FRAME RAIL IN FRONT OF THE PUMP.

IN TANK HIGH PRESSURE ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP, CAPABLE OF OVER 100psi.

WIRE
TERMINALS

Fuel outlet

Fuel inlet

FRAME MOUNTED HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMP CAPABLE OF over 100 psi. ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR FUEL INLET

FUEL OUTLET

FUEL TANK SWITCHING VALVE

TO FUEL PUMP & FUEL RETURN FROM REGULATOR

SOURCE & RETURN TO ONE OF THE GAS TANKS

SOURCE & RETURN TO ONE OF THE GAS TANKS

FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR

PURPOSE - REGULATES FUEL PRESSURE TO MANUFACTURES SPECIFICATIONS, BY RETURNING EXCESS FUEL PRESSURE TO THE GAS TANK..

FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR AND FUEL RAIL VACUUM HOSE CONNECTION FUEL RAIL

FUEL RETURN

INJECTORS AND FUEL RAIL PURPOSE - SUPPLIES FUEL UNDER REGULATED PRESSURE TO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF EACH CYLINDER.

FUEL RAIL, INJECTORS, FUEL INLET AND PRESSURE REGULATOR PRESSURE REGULATOR FUEL INLET HIGH PRESSURE FUEL RAIL FUEL INJECTOR FUEL RETURN

FUEL RAIL, INJECTORS, AND SCHRADER VALVE FITTING FOR FUEL PRESSSURE GAUGE.

FUEL RAIL

SCHRADER VALVE

INJECTOR

TYPICAL FUEL INJECTOR FUEL INLET FROM FUEL RAIL, USES O-RINGS FOR SEALS ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR

FUEL OUTLET - FUEL COMES OUT AS A VERY FINE MIST

THE FOLLOWING ARE ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION COMPONENTS FOR THE AIR INTAKE. STARTING AT THE AIR CLEANER.

MASS AIR FLOW SENSOR PURPOSE - MEASURES AIR SPEED AND DENSITY CHANGES THE RETURNING VOLTAGE SIGNAL TO THE E.C.M. ALLOWS FINE TUNE OF AIR / FUEL MIXTURE, NOT USED ON ALL CARS.

TOP VIEW AND INLET VIEWS OF MASS AIR FLOW SENSORS NOTE DIRECTION OF ARROW INDICATES AIR FLOW

VANE AIR FLOW SENSOR PURPOSE - USED ON SOME IMPORTS TO DETERMINE AIR FLOW BY MOVING A DOOR WHICH CHANGES THE VOLTAGE GOING BACK TO THE E.C.M.

VANE AIR FLOW SENSOR IS A VARIABLE RESISTOR, IT VARIES RETURNING VOLTAGE TO THE ECM, VOLTAGE CHANGES WITH AIR FLOW BOLTS TO AIR AIR OUTLET CLEANER TO HOUSING. MOTOR AIR HOSE INLET MUST BE CONNECTED

THROTTLE BODY PURPOSE - IS A DIRECT LINK TO THE GAS PEDAL - CONTROLS THE AMOUNT OF AIR GOING INTO THE ENGINE.

THROTTLE BODY / THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR & IDLE AIR CONTROL MOTOR INLET VIEW THROTTLE TPS LINKAGE SWITCH ATTATCHES TO THROTTLE CABLE IDLE AIR CONTROL MOTOR IAC

AIR INLET FROM AIR CLEANER

TOP SIDE VIEW THROTTLE BODY IDLE AIR CONTROL & THROTTLE POSITION SWITCH IAC MOTOR

TPS SWITCH

TOP VIEW OF THROTTLE BODY NAME THE COMPONENTS

A IS

B IS

THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR PURPOSE - BY CHANGING THE VOLTAGE RETURNING TO THE COMPUTER IT ALLOWS THE COMPUTER TO TELL THE PERCENTAGE OF THROTTLE PLATE OPENING. MOUNTED OPOSITE OF THROTTLE CABLE ON THE THROTTLE BODY.

TPS SWITCH ( THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR )

ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR MOUNTING HOLES

BACK SIDE OF THROTTLE POSITION SWITCH ( TPS ) SWITCH

HOLE FOR THROTTLE SHAFT - THIS TURNS AS YOU ACCELERATE

( MAP SENSOR ) MANIFOLD AIR PRESSURE SENSOR PURPOSE - CHANGING VACUUM PRESSURE IN THE INTAKE MANIFOLD CHANGES THE AMOUNT OF VOLTAGE GOING BACK TO THE E.C.M. ALLOWS FOR FINE TUNING OF THE AIR FUEL RATIO.

MAP SENSOR

VACUUM HOSE CONNECTION

ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE SENSOR PURPOSE - CHANGING AIR PRESSURE SUCH AS CHANGES IN WEATHER, TEMPERATURE, AND ELEVATION CHANGES THE VOLTAGE RETURNING TO THE E.C.M.

BARO SENSOR ( BAROMETRIC PRESSURE SENSOR )

NO VACUUM HOSE ATTATCHED

IDLE AIR CONTROL MOTOR PURPOSE - IS A COMPUTER CONTROLED MOTOR THAT CAUSES A CONTROLED VACUUM LEAK FROM ONE SIDE OF THE THROTTLE BODY TO THE OTHER. IT IS MOUNTED ON THE THROTTLE BODY

IAC MOTORS ( IDLE AIR CONTROL ) PROVIDES A CONTROLED VACUUM LEAK TO ADJUST IDLE SPEED.

INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR PURPOSE - THE VOLTAGE GOING BACK TO THE COMPUTER CHANGES WITH THE CHANGING AIR TEMPERATURE. ALLOWS FINE TUNING OF AIR TO FUEL RATIO. MOUNTED IN THE INTAKE MANIFOLD

INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR PURPOSE - THE VOLTAGE GOING BACK TO THE COMPUTER CHANGES WITH THE CHANGING COOLANT TEMPERATURE. DETERMINES WHEN THE E.C.M. GOES INTO CLOSED LOOP, ABOUT 190- 200 DEGRESS

ENGINE TEMPERATURE SENSOR USUALLY MOUNTED ON THE THERMOSTAT HOUSING OR ON THE FRONT OF THE MOTOR IN THE COOLANT FLOW

THERMOSTAT HOUSING AND ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATRE SENSOR

OXYGEN SENSOR PURPOSE - MONITORS THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN IN THE EXHAUST. THE ENGINE MAY HAVE MORE THAN ONE. PRODUCES A VOLTAGE WHICH CHANGES WITH THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN. MAY BE HEATED.

HEGO HEATED EXHAUST GAS OXYGEN SENSOR

SINGLE WIRE O2 SENSOR ( NOT HEATED )

KNOCK SENSOR PURPOSE - SENDS SIGNAL TO THE COMPUTER ( ECM ) WHEN IT DETECTS PINGING ( ENGINE KNOCK ) ECM WILL RETARD TIMING UNTILL IT STOPS. USUALLY MOUNTED ON THE SIDE OF THE ENGINE BLOCK.

KNOCK SENSOR TOP VIEW, SIDE VIEW, AND BOTTOM VIEW

SINGLE WIRE ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR SIDE VIEW BOTTOM VIEW NOTE NO HOLE

THREADS

EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVE PURPOSE - RECIRCULATES EXHAUST GASES TO REBURN IN THE ENGINE. HELPS REDUCE EMISSIONS. MAY BE CONTROLED BY THE E.C.M.

TWO STYLES OF E.C.M. CONTROLED E.G.R. VALVES ( EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVES )

ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS

MISCELLANEOUS FUEL INJECTION COMPONENTS

INERTIA SWITCH ( FORD ) PURPOSE - TO SHUT THE POWER OFF TO THE ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP, IN AN ACCIDENT

MAY BE ACCIDENTALY TRIPPED ON A ROUGH ROAD OR?

E.F.I. FUEL FILTER PURPOSE TO KEEP THE FUEL GOING TO THE INJECTORS CLEAN

THE BRAINS

E.C.M. ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULE

WHAT IT CONTROLS THE INJECTOR

THE PURPOSE OF ALL OF THE COMPONENTS IS TO ALLOW THE E.C.M. TO ADJUST THE AIR / FUEL RATIO TO OBTAIN THE MOST POWER, THE BEST FUEL ECONOMY, AND THE LEAST AMOUNT OF EMISSIONS

AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM IS THE THROTTLE BODY FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM. IT HAS LESS COMPONENTS MAKES MORE POWER AT LOWER R.P.M.s AND GETS LESS MILES PER GALLION OF GAS.

THROTTLE BODY FUEL INJECTION UNIT- MOUNTS THE SAME AS A CARBURETOR FUEL INLETS AND OUTLETS PRESSURE REGULATOR

T.P.S. SWITCH

INJECTORS

T.B.I. ( THROTTLE BODY FUEL INJECTION ) THE HEART OF THE SYSTEM IS THE T.B.I. UNIT THE BRAINS OF THE SYSTEM IS THE E.C.M. THIS SYSTEM HAS FEWER COMPONENTS, THAN MULTI PORT E.F.I.