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203 views10 pages

Qi Project-1

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api-245887979
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QI Project: HospitalAcquired Infections (HAIs)

Chenoa, Karissa, Shari, Shy, Tori

Hospital-Acquired Infections
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving health care treatment for other conditions. Everyone in the healthcare field with direct patient contact (nurses, doctors, CNAs, techs, etc.) should be conscious about the spread of infection and receive education on proper hand hygiene and precautions (standard, airborne, droplet) Majority of hospital-acquired HAIs include: urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, bloodstream infections, and pneumonia.
CDC. (2013). Healthcare associate infections. Retrieved from:

National Statistics
About 1.8 million patients suffer annually from care-related infections Fourth leading cause of death in the U.S. Kills more people than AIDS, breast cancer and auto accidents combined. Hawaii: http://health.hawaii.gov/docd/files/2013/07/Hawaii-HAIReport-Final.pdf
Facts and figures u.s. hospital-acquired infections (hais). (2010, February). Retrieved from http://www.sharklet.com/wp-content/themes/sharklet/pdfs/Fact-Sheet-HAIs.pdf

Key prevention strategies


1. Prevent infection 2. Diagnose and treat infection 3. Use antimicrobials wisely 4. Prevent transmission
Dressler, D. (2010). Quality improvement toolkit: Reducing nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance. Retrieved from: http://www.hospitalmedicine.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&Template=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=7479

Prevention tools

12-step fact sheets Information for patients


Laminated cards o Note pads o Posters o Slide sets
o

Handwashing tool
Dressler, D. (2010). Quality improvement toolkit: Reducing nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance. Retrieved from: http://www.hospitalmedicine.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&Template=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=7479

http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/heic/docs/HH_monitoring_tool.pdf

Recommendations

Proper Hand Hygiene o Most effective & least expensive way to prevent nosocomial infections. o Hand washing with soap, water & mechanical friction or antimicrobial hand sanitizer is sufficient to remove most transiently acquired organisms.

o Antiseptic agents preferred for high risk invasive procedures & care of newborn infants.
o If soiled: Wet, Lather, Scrub (40-60 seconds), Rinse, Dry, & use towel to turn off faucet.

Recommendations (cont.)

Follow Strict Contact Precautions o Of all invasive MRSA infections, 85% are associated with health care settings (Larson, 2010). o Current problem: staff members adherence to national recommendations on isolation precautions appears to be inadequate. o Guidelines: Single room (Or shared w/someone else w/MRSA) Gloves (Wash hands before & after use) & Gown

Patient asked to stay in room as much as possible

Larson, E., Cohen, B., Ross, B., & Behta, M. (2010). Isolation precautions for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: electronic

Data Collection
1. Control Group vs. Treatment Group
-In comparative experiments, members of the control group receives no treatment measures. Members of the treatment group receives experimental manipulation.

2. Duration of Intervention
-The specified time in which the process will be observed.

3. Compliance
-Noncompliance is a significant problem in the prevention and treatment process. Strict patient compliance and observation must be followed.

Data Collection
4. Consistency
-A test would not be considered valuable if it were inconsistent and produced different results. Monitoring data consistently as well as maintaining consistency in treatment will support the reliability of interventions.

5. Contrast & Comparison


-In this process, you assess the cause and effects of the treatment and integrate logic on what proved to be successful. Contrast and comparison will reveal outcomes in treatment.

6. Follow up
-Follow up care will examine the effectiveness and longevity of treatment. Follow up care

can be conducted via home phone calls, mail questionnaires, or website


surveys/questionnaires.

Questions
1) Best way to prevent a nosocomial infection is? A. Follow hospital precautions B. Ask the charge nurse to supervise certain procedures C. Have the patient help with the procedures D. Proper hand hygiene 2) Name a prevention tool for Nosocomial infections

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