Om Mantra and the Seven Levels of Consciousness

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This article is directly from the SwamiJ.com website, and is in printed form for your
convenience. The layout is not intended to be fancy or professional, but rather, practical and
in a form that is familiar from the website.

In loving service,

Swami Jnaneshvara


OM Mantra and 7 Levels of Consciousness
by Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati
Homepage
Seven Levels: The OM Mantra is a roadmap for sadhana, spiritual practices (written as
either AUM or OM). It is not for the person who seeks only the shallow waters of spiritual
life, but rather for those who strive to realize in direct experience the depth of the Absolute
Reality. There are four main levels of consciousness outlined in the OM Mantra, along with
three transition levels, which is a total of seven levels. Each of these is experienced on
the inner journey of meditation and contemplation.
See also Seven Methods of Practicing OM Mantra

(Scroll down or click to see Mandukya Upanishad on AUM)
Universal Realities: It is important to be aware of the fact that these levels of
consciousness are realities that exist universally, regardless of whether or not one uses the
OM Mantra or the visual OM symbol in any way. In either case, the underlying principles are
extremely useful for all seekers in purifying or clearing the mind, and seeking the direct
experience of deeper truths.
(See also the Om Mantra Video on YouTube by Swami Jnaneshvara.
Link through SwamiJ.com)
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Contents of this article:
Seven States of Consciousness
Direct Experience
Yoga Sutras and OM Mantra
OM Mantra and other Mantras
Practicing the OM Mantra

1. Waking / Conscious / Vaishvaanara / Gross / "A" of AUM
2. Transition / Unmani
3. Dreaming / Unconscious / Taijasa / Subtle / "U" of AUM
4. Transition / Aladani
5. Deep Sleep / Subconscious / Prajna / Causal / "M" of AUM
6. Samadhi
7. Turiya / Consciousness / Absolute / Silence after AUM

Mankukya Upanishad - 12 Verses on AUM
See also these articles:
7 Methods with OM Mantra
Mandukya Upanishad on Om
How to use a mantra
Japa and Ajapa-Japa with mantra
Mantra, brain, and word
OM Mantra section of Yoga Sutras
Yoga, Vedanta, and Tantra
Six Schools of Indian Philosophy
Maslow's Needs Hierarchy and Yoga Psychology
Kundalini Awakening
Levels and Dimensions of Consciousness
Soham mantra meditation
Bindu: Pinnacle of Yoga, Vedanta and Tantra
Yoga Nidra CD
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7 States of consciousness in OM Mantra
Seven states or levels of consciousness are described in this article:
Three states of consciousness: Each of the three sounds of AUM Mantra (A, U, and M)
symbolizes specific states of consciousness.
Fourth state of consciousness: After those three parts of the OM Mantra, there is a
Silence, the Fourth, which relates to consciousness or awareness itself.
Three transition states: Between these four states of Consciousness there are three
transition states.
See also: The four main levels of Consciousness (A, U, M, and Silence of OM Mantra) are
also described in the article Levels and Dimensions of Consciousness.
These levels exist universally: It is important to be aware of the fact that these levels of
consciousness are realities that exist universally, regardless of whether or not one uses the
OM Mantra or the visual OM symbol in any way. In either case, the underlying principles are
extremely useful for all seekers in purifying or clearing the mind, and seeking the direct
experience of deeper truths.

Meaning of the symbol: Not only does the sound vibration of the
AUM/OM represent the four levels of consciousness, so too does the visual
symbol.
The lower curve represents the Gross, Conscious, Waking state
level, called Vaishvanara. (A of OM Mantra)
The center curve represents the Subtle, Unconscious, and
Dreaming level, called Taijasa. (U of OM Mantra)
The upper curve represents the Causal, Subconscious, and Deep
Sleep level, called Prajna. (M of OM Mantra)
The dot, point, or bindu represents the fourth state, the absolute
consciousness, which encompasses, permeates, and is the other
three, and is called Turiya. (Silence after A, U, and M of OM
Mantra)
The arc below the dot symbolizes the separateness of this fourth
state, standing above, though ever remaining part of the other
three. Piercing the bindu finally allows one to attain the highest
experience, and this comes after following the process of Kundalini
Awakening.
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Other names for the four levels: Different texts and teachings might use different names
for different characteristics at these four levels; for example, virat, hiranyagarbha, ishvara,
and brahman, as well as vaishvanara, taijasa, prajna, and turiya.

Swami Rama wrote a profound book on Om Mantra and Mandukya Upanishad
entitled "Enlightenment Without God" that has been out of print for many
years (it is not "anti" God). Here is a link to a download PDF file of this text
that somebody sent me.
Direct Experience
Roadmap for direct experience: The Yogi does not use the information about these
levels as mere intellectual fodder. Rather, the OM Mantra is a roadmap for sadhana,
spiritual practices. It is not for the person who seeks only the shallow waters of spiritual life,
but rather for those who strive to experience nothing less than the depth of the Absolute
Reality in direct experience.
7 methods of practice: See the article:
OM Mantra and 7 Methods of Practice
OM Mantra and Transpersonal Psychology: For insight about conceptually bridging the
levels of consciousness outlined in the OM Mantra with the field of Transpersonal
Psychology, there is an article relating to the Needs Hierarchy developed by Abraham
Maslow:
Maslow's Needs Hierarchy and Yoga Psychology
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Yoga Sutras and OM Mantra

The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali suggests remembering the meaning of OM
Mantra as a direct path to Self-realization. Remembering the sound
vibration of AUM, along with a deep feeling for the meaning of what it
represents, brings both the realization of the individual Self and the
removal of obstacles that normally block that realization. (See Sutras
1.23-1.29)
OM Mantra and other Mantras
It is important to know that OM Mantra is very often used in conjunction with other
mantras, usually with the OM being the first or last sound in the whole mantra. Often these
other mantras refer to a specific deity or name of God. Some practitioners consider the OM
to literally refer to only one such name of God or deity. Still other practitioners believe the
OM refers to some different God or deity. For those born into such religious cultures, this
diversity of use of OM is well known, and does not cause confusion, while also being aware
that there may be discourses or debates supporting one view or another.
However, others who are not familiar with this will benefit by becoming aware that there are
a variety of ways of using OM Mantra. This leaves it a matter of personal choice how the OM
Mantra will be used. Regardless of how one uses the mantra, there is a universal truth that
the vibration of OM will be experienced on the inner journey. In that sense, is not a mere
belief or symbolic tool belonging to any one group or groups. Similarly, the existence of
waking, dreaming, sleep, and that beyond (described below as represented by AUM) are
also universal realities. In the information below, OM Mantra is presented as a means of
contemplation and meditation, which pierces the three levels of reality and consciousness,
revealing the fourth, which permeates the other three.

Practicing the OM Mantra
The OM Mantra (AUM Mantra; Pranava) is a widely recognized mantra. While the OM Mantra
has a variety of meanings, one of its most significant uses is for Meditation and
Contemplation in Yoga and Vedanta. The OM Mantra is recommended in the Yoga Sutras
and the Mandukya Upanishad, as well as in many other teachings.
Four major levels: When used in this way, the OM Mantra (AUM) has four major levels of
meaning and experience to the Yogi.
Waking: First, is the Waking state, represented by the sound of "A" of the AUM
Mantra, called Vaishvaanara.
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Dreaming: Second, is the Dreaming state, represented by the sound of "U" of the
AUM Mantra, called Taijasa.
Deep Sleep: Third, is the Deep Sleep state, represented by the sound of "M" of the
AUM Mantra, called Prajna.
Turiya: Fourth, is the entire domain of that consciousness that permeates all of the
other levels within which awareness does its dance, called Turiya (literally the
"fourth"), represented by the Silence after the "A," "U," and "M".

Three transition stages: Between these four states of consciousness, there are three
transition stages called Unmani, Aladani, and Samadhi.
The Yogi wants to remember
the 4 parts of the mantra,
one after the other,
along with the meaning.
Remember the four parts one after the other: Thus, in the use of the AUM Mantra,
there are four levels of awareness that the Yogi wants to cultivate. The Yogi wants to
remember the four parts of the AUM Mantra internally, one after the other, through the
levels of consciousness. (The other three stages are also there, but these four are the main
focus of the Yogi in using the OM Mantra).
Remain aware of the meanings: With practice, it gradually becomes easier for one to
maintain awareness of these meanings as attention moves through the parts of the AUM
Mantra (The A, U, M, and Silence of OM Mantra). Over time, that awareness brings
increasing insight of the true nature of these levels of consciousness. Eventually one moves
to the direct experience of the Absolute Reality, that consciousness which permeates All
(Silence after A, U, and M of OM Mantra). This is the state of Self-realization.
Three functions are at the same level: One of the profound insights that one begins to
get is the way in which 1) the levels of personal consciousness, 2) the stages of the mental
process, and 3) the levels of the universe parallel one another. One comes to see that these
three are functioning at the same levels of reality, which are none other than the levels of
consciousness themselves. It is approximately like this:
Waking = Conscious = Gross = Vaishvaanara (A of OM Mantra)
Dreaming = Unconscious = Subtle = Taijasa (U of OM Mantra)
Deep Sleep = Subconscious = Causal = Prajna (M of OM Mantra)
Turiya = Consciousness Itself, permeating and being All (Silence of OM Mantra)
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In the actual practice with AUM Mantra (OM Mantra):
When awareness is on the "A" of the OM Mantra, you cultivate and train yourself
to have a simultaneous awareness of:
o the Waking state,
o the Conscious level of mental processing, and
o the Gross realm of the universe
o (Waking, Conscious, and Gross are all at the same level, symbolized by "A" of
the OM Mantra).
When awareness is on the "U" of the OM mantra, you cultivate and train yourself
to have a simultaneous awareness of:
o the Dreaming state,
o the Active Unconscious processing level of the mind, and
o the Subtle realm of the universe
o (Dreaming, Unconscious, and Subtle are all at the same level, symbolized by
U of the OM Mantra).
When awareness is on "M" of the OM Mantra, you cultivate and train yourself to
have a simultaneous awareness of:
o the Deep Sleep state,
o the Subconscious (latent, dormant, inactive, storage) aspects of mind (the
Samskaras from where the impetus for Karma, or action springs forth), and
o the Causal realm, out of which arises the Subtle and Gross universe
o (Deep Sleep, Subconscious, and Causal are all at the same level, symbolized
by M of the OM Mantra).
When awareness is on the Silence after the A, the U, and the M of the OM
Mantra, you cultivate and train yourself to have an awareness of the consciousness:
o that permeates all of the three personal levels (Waking, Dreaming, Deep
Sleep),
o that permeates all of the Subtle realm, and
o that also permeates all of the Causal realm
o (Consciousness permeates, is the foundation of, and in fact, "is" the whole of
the levels of the A, the U, and the M levels of the OM Mantra).
One of the other elegant and awesome insights is the way in which our own personality,
mental and emotional processes operate:
Latent impressions begin to stir: We come to see, in direct experience of Yoga
Meditation and Contemplation, how it is that there are latent impressions in the deep
unconscious (the place of Deep Sleep; M of OM Mantra), and how it is that
consciousness drifts over these latent impressions, causing them to stir from the
Causal level (M of OM Mantra).
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These impressions arise into internal action: Then we see the way these
impressions then arise into action internally in the Unconscious (the Active
Unconscious associated with unseen mental processes and the Dreaming Sleep level;
U of OM Mantra), forming many invisible thought processes, normally only
experienced in dreams (this is similar to what psychology calls "primary process").
These stirrings come forward into the conscious: Then we see the intriguing
way in which those stirrings in the Unconscious (U of OM Mantra) come forward into
the Conscious, Waking state of reality (A of OM Mantra), along with the way in which
the indriyas, the senses (jnanendriyas of smelling, tasting, seeing, touching, and
hearing) and means of expression (karmendriyas of eliminating, procreating,
moving, grasping, and speaking) come into play so as to relate to the external world
(A of OM Mantra).
We can observe the four functions of mind: We come to see how the four
functions of mind interact within these levels (A, U, and M of OM Mantra), including
Manas (sensory-motor mind), Chitta (storehouse of impressions), Ahamkara (I-
maker or ego), and Buddhi (which knows, decides, judges, and discriminates).
Seeing all the levels permeated by consciousness: Most importantly, we come
to see the way in which all of these levels are both permeated by, and are the
manifestation of consciousness itself:
o In Waking state (A of OM Mantra), there is consciousness.
o In Dreaming state (U of OM Mantra) there is consciousness.
o In Deep Sleep (M of OM Mantra), there is consciousness.
o In active thinking (A of OM Mantra), there is consciousness.
o In unconscious process (U of OM Mantra), there is consciousness.
o In the latent storehouse (M of OM Mantra), there is consciousness.
Who we really are, is the consciousness itself: We come to see that who we
really are, is the consciousness itself, not the forms which arise. We declare with
conviction, what the sages have said all along, "I am not my thoughts! I am That I
Am!"
AUM is like the three parts of a river: When recalling these levels of "A," "U," "M," and
Silence during practice of the OM Mantra, it is useful to remember the metaphor of a river,
which has three parts:
1. Bed: The river bed of stones (like the latent, Subconscious or Deep Sleep level and
its impressions, symbolized by the "M" of the OM Mantra),
2. Flow: The flowing part (like the Active Unconscious, or Dreaming level, symbolized
by the "U" of the OM Mantra), and
3. Surface: The surface of the river (like the Conscious, Waking level, symbolized by
the "A" of the OM Mantra).
Consciousness at three levels: That reality or presence of existence itself, that is in the
three levels of bed of the river, flow of the river, and surface of the river, is like the
consciousness that permeates the three levels of Waking (A of OM Mantra), Dreaming (U of
OM Mantra), and Deep Sleep (M of OM Mantra). Those three levels are also the Conscious
(A of OM Mantra), Active Unconscious (U of OM Mantra), and Latent Unconscious or
Subconscious (M of OM Mantra), as well as the Gross (A of OM Mantra), Subtle (U of OM
Mantra), and Causal (M of OM Mantra) levels of reality.
Subconscious: Our Subconscious wants, wishes, desires, attractions, and aversions
(samskaras) are like those stones that form the bed of the river (M of OM Mantra).
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Unconscious: When consciousness moves across them, they come to life in the the
flow of the Unconscious (U of OM Mantra), like the flow of the river, and
Conscious: Some burst forth into the Conscious mind (A of OM Mantra), resulting in
actions, speech, and conscious thoughts, like the action on the surface of the river.
Going beyond the three levels: Through practice, one gradually attains the ability to go
beyond, or deeper than the various levels and thinking processes, to the direct experience
of the source of the consciousness, symbolized by the Silence after the "A," "U," "M," of the
OM Mantra.
The practice begins simply, is practiced sincerely and faithfully, and expands over time, with
ever increasing insights about the underlying truths contained in, and suggested by the OM
Mantra. Meditation on OM (AUM) as an object of concentration, and Contemplation on its
meaning work together in guiding one towards Self-realization.
Tripura: Tri means three, and pura means city. Tripura is the
consciousness that operates in the three cities of Waking (A of OM
Mantra), Dreaming (U of OM Mantra), and Deep Sleep (M of OM
Mantra), as well as the Conscious (A of OM Mantra), Unconscious
(U of OM Mantra), and Subconscious (M of OM Mantra) aspects of
mind. Sometimes conceptualized as the divine feminine (Shakti),
compared to the divine masculine (Shiva), she permeates the
three cities of the Gross world (A of OM Mantra), the Subtle plane
(U of OM Mantra), and the Causal reality (M of OM Mantra).
Tripura also permeates the many other trinities such as the
beingness inherent in past, present and future.

This is a Tantric rendering of the three levels of consciousness mapped out by the OM
Mantra symbol, and its levels of Vaishvanara (A of OM Mantra), Taijasa (U of OM Mantra),
and Prajna (M of OM Mantra). Dedication, devotion, love, and surrender into this creative
source or divine Mother is one of the finest aspects of Tantra as a direct route to
Realization. Some conceptualize Tripura as an anthropomorphic deity, while the subtler
practices are directed towards Tripura as formless, that fourth state beyond the other three
cities (A, U, and M of OM Mantra). The Bindu of Sri Yantra is the symbol of this highest
transcendent Reality (Silence of OM Mantra). The quality of the three cities is an aspect of
OM Mantra, Gayatri Mantra, and Mahamrityunjaya Mantra.
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See also the articles:
Bindu: The Final Convergence
Kundalini Rising to Crown Chakra
Explanations of the 7 levels of consciousness: Below are some explanations of each of
the seven levels of consciousness mapped out in OM Mantra. As you go through the levels
of the OM Mantra described below, it is best to remember that the key levels for practice
are awareness of the four levels of consciousness related to "A," "U," "M," and the fourth
level of Silence.
[Note: It is very useful to remember that, when describing or reading about subtle levels of
consciousness, words are inadequate, and can easily seem to be in conflict with one
another, as one wrestles with varying terminology, or with explanations from one or another
writer. Ultimately, it is direct experience through repeated practice, without a break, over a
long time that will unravel the meaning of the explanations and bring the true insights.]

1. Waking / Conscious /
Vaishvaanara / Gross / "A" of AUM Mantra
"A" represents Waking: The Waking state of consciousness is represented by the "A" of
the AUM Mantra. The name of this level of consciousness is Vaishvaanara. The Waking state
(A of OM Mantra) is experienced by the individual person. In the Waking state of
consciousness (A of OM Mantra) there are actions, speech, and thoughts of which we are
"consciously" aware. The unconscious processes in the deeper levels (U and M of OM
Mantra) are also there, but just not normally noticed.

Microcosm and macrocosm of Waking: If the individual person is the microcosm, then
the whole of the manifest universe is the macrocosm. The "A" of AUM Mantra represents not
only the individual Waking state of consciousness, but also the entire Gross realm. The
individual state of Waking consciousness and the Gross realm are all operating at the same
level of consciousness (both are "in the world").
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The "A" bursts forth: When using AUM as a mantra, notice how the "A" bursts forth in an
instant (whether said aloud, or thought of internally). You could say "Aaaaaaa...," in a
drawn out way, but the "A" itself has a very brief, instantaneous bursting forth quality to it.
The sound arises quickly, in a flash, from out of the silence. When using the OM Mantra,
whether aloud or internally, it is useful to allow yourself to be aware of this bursting forth
quality of thoughts, images, or impressions. All of these arise in a moment from the Subtler
place within (U and M of OM Mantra).
Three types of awareness with "A": In the practice of remembering the AUM Mantra,
when awareness is on "A" of the OM Mantra, you cultivate and train yourself to have a
simultaneous awareness of:
the Waking state,
the Conscious level of mental and emotional processing, and
the Gross realm of the universe.
The awareness of these three operating at the same level of reality is allowed to become
clearer through practice over time.
Observing the "A" come forward: To observe the way the "A" comes forward when
remembering the OM Mantra is to observe the way our whole process of thoughts, actions,
and speech arises. This can be extremely useful to understand.

2. Unmani / Transition
between A and U of OM Mantra
Transition between Waking and Dreaming: There is a transition stage between Waking
(A of OM Mantra) and Dreaming (U of OM Mantra) states (or between Conscious and
Unconscious states). The name of this transition stage of consciousness is Unmani. Unmani
does not just refer to the personal experience between Waking and Dreaming. Rather, it is
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the name of that transition level of consciousness itself. (Like many words, the word
Unmani is used in different ways. In other contexts, it is also used to mean Samadhi or
Turiya.)

We have all experienced this transition: We have all experienced this pleasant
transition at times when about to awaken after a good sleep, and possibly when we are "day
dreaming". In this state, you have left the Dreaming world (U of OM Mantra), but have not
yet fully come into the Waking (A of OM Mantra), or external world. You might be lying
there pleasantly, not remembering your name, who you are, where you are, and not really
caring about these things. But you are also not asleep having any dreams.
Increasing awareness of the transitions: When using the OM Mantra for Yoga
Meditation and Contemplation, the focus is mostly on the three states of Waking (A of OM
Mantra), Dreaming (U of OM Mantra), and Sleep (M of OM Mantra), which are also called the
Gross, Subtle, and Causal. However, as it is practiced, there also will be a natural,
increasing awareness of the transition phases as well. It will become clearer how it is that
conscious (A of OM Mantra) thoughts, speech, and actions are transitioning from their
underlying, mostly unconscious (U and M of OM Mantra) thought and emotional processes.
Don't confuse this transition with Meditation: This very pleasant state is often
confused with Meditation. Meditation is done in the Waking state (A of OM Mantra), in which
one is full awake and alert. Then, gradually the veil is opened to allow the deeper states or
levels (U of OM Mantra) to come forward into the Conscious, Waking state of awareness (A
of OM Mantra).
Parallels with science: In relation to the Gross world (A of OM Mantra), it is interesting to
note the parallels between the transition between Unconscious and Conscious thought
patterns, and the way the scientists describe the coming forth of the manifest universe as a
"big bang". Possibly this too is a form of the coming forth of the Subtle (U of OM Mantra),
transitioning into the Gross (A of OM Mantra).



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3. Dreaming / Unconscious /
Taijasa / Subtle / "U" of AUM Mantra
"U" represents Dreaming: The Dreaming state of consciousness is represented by the "U"
of the AUM Mantra. The name of this level of consciousness is Taijasa(U of OM Mantra).
Taijasa does not just mean dreaming. Rather, it is the name of that level of consciousness
in which dreaming occurs (U of OM Mantra).

Mind working out its desires: The Dreaming state (U of OM Mantra) is a level where the
mind can work out its unfulfilled wants, wishes, desires, attractions, and aversions not
allowed to play out in the external world (A of OM Mantra). Both Yogis and psychologists
speak of this as a useful process.

Uncoloring thought patterns: However, the Yogi will go further in dealing with the
underlying deep impressions (Samskaras) that lead to actions (Karmas). The Yogi wants to
turn those colored (klishta) thought patterns uncolored (aklishta) thought patterns so that
they no longer need to arise and cause disturbance, whether causing that disturbance in the
Waking (A of OM Mantra) or Dreaming (U of OM Mantra) states of consciousness (See also
the article on Klishta and Aklishta Thoughts). It is for this reason that the Yogi gradually and
naturally needs less sleep; there are fewer colored (klishta) unconscious thought patterns
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needing to play out. (See Yoga Sutras 1.5, 2.1-2.9, and 2.10-2.11 on coloring and
uncoloring)
Microcosm and macrocosm of Dreaming: The counterpart of the personal Dream world
(U of OM Mantra) is the entire Subtle, psychic, occult, or astral plane of reality (also U of OM
Mantra). One is the microcosm, while the other is the macrocosm.
Lifting the veil: As one progresses in Yoga Meditation, opening to the Unconscious (U of
OM Mantra) begins. One stays in the Waking state (A of OM Mantra), but gradually lifts the
veil, opens the curtain, so that the Unconscious (U of OM Mantra) begins to come forward.
What comes is that which was normally only accessible in the Dreaming state (U of OM
Mantra).
Intentionally letting the thoughts come: It is in this field of observation that the Yogi
does the Meditation of remaining one-pointed by letting go of the thought patterns arising.
"Let them come, and let them go," is the message the Yogi says to the mind, as Non-
Attachment (Vairagya) becomes a reality, not just an act done in the external world. (See
Yoga Sutras 1.12-1.16 on non-attachment)



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The highest therapy: Gradually, the intensity of the coloring attenuates, eventually
allowing the thought pattern to remain in latent, seed form (until it is dispensed with
entirely). It is because of this process of attenuating that the Yogi says that Yoga Meditation
is the highest of all therapies. (See Yoga Sutra 2.4 on attenuation)
The coloring (klishta) gradually attenuates

Taijasa is not the "spiritual" realm: This level of Taijasa (U of OM Mantra) has often
been confused as being the "spiritual" realm, failing to note that it is only the second of four
levels of consciousness in AUM Mantra (or third of the seven). If one is not familiar with
this, it can seem that there are only two realms (a Gross and Spiritual) with a Transition
between them. One can easily get caught in a trap of pursuing the actions, beings, and
objects of the Subtle realm (U of OM Mantra), not recognizing that they are merely a level
to move through, not a place to go and stay. Journeys in these subtle realms (U of OM
Mantra) are no more useful in the journey of Self-realization than journeys to a thousand
cities in our external world (A of OM Mantra), though some such journeying is sometimes
needed so as to learn the lesson that the journeying is not needed. The article Realization
Beyond the Gross and Subtle describes how it can seem that there are only two levels of
Gross and Subtler.
Seeking the Subtle is a distraction: Patanjali, codifier of Yoga science describes many
siddhis (powers) that come to the Yogi through practices. Some say that the Yogi is seeking
these powers intentionally. However, Patanjali actually mentions these on the foundation of
Non-Attachment (Vairagya) and Discrimination (Viveka), such that the seeker will abandon
these powers when they come (See Yoga Sutra 3.38). In other words, seeking of the
breadth of the Subtle realm (U of OM Mantra) is a distraction on the journey to
enlightenment; with Discriminative Wisdom and Non-Attachment, one is better off to let go
of these allurements.
Witnessing and going beyond: At the same time that the Yogi observes and lets go of
the Subtle realm (U of OM Mantra), there is also a beauty in witnessing as one moves
forward in the journey. We can surely enjoy the scenery along the way, though it may be
best, the Yogis remind us, to move on to the Realization of the Absolute, which is not
subject to death, decay, or decomposition.
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Awareness of the transition: In the practice of remembering the OM Mantra, one allows
the awareness and feeling associated with the "A" to transition into the awareness and
feeling associated with the "U".
Three types of awareness with "U": In the practice of remembering the AUM Mantra,
when awareness is on "U" of the OM Mantra, you cultivate and train yourself to have a
simultaneous awareness of:
the Dreaming state,
the Unconscious processing level of the mind, and
the Subtle realm of the universe (Dreaming, Unconscious, and Subtle are all at the
same level).
The awareness of these three operating at the same level of reality (U of OM Mantra) is
allowed to become clearer through practice over time.
Forming the sound of "U": The actual sound is not like the letter "A" and the letter "U,"
but is more like "AOOUUUUU...." There is "Ah," followed by "UUUUU..." (as in shOE). Then
there is "MMMMM...." leading to Silence.

4. Aladani / Transition
between U and M of OM Mantra
Transition between Dreaming and Deep Sleep: There is a transition stage between
Dreaming (U of OM Mantra) and Deep Sleep (M of OM Mantra) states. The name of this
transition stage of consciousness is Aladani. Aladani does not just refer to the personal
experience between Dreaming (U of OM Mantra) and Deep Sleep (M of OM Mantra). Rather,
it is the name of that transition level of consciousness itself.

This transition is not normally experienced consciously: This is a state that one
normally does not experience consciously. This state is very subtle. It is a transition (as is
Unmani, between Waking and Dreaming, as described above), but is the transition whereby
the latent, formless facts or impressions start to stir, and end up taking form in the
Unconscious mind (U of OM Mantra), that part normally only accessed when one is having
dreams while in the Dream state of sleep (U of OM Mantra).
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One may sometimes consciously experience the transition between Dreaming (U of OM
Mantra) and Waking (A of OM Mantra), either while in bed at sleeping time or at Meditation
time. This might be experienced as very beautiful or very horrifying, depending on the
nature of the thought patterns. However, the transition at Aladani is very different from the
Waking (A of OM Mantra) to Dreaming (U of OM Mantra) transition.
Thoughts in their formless form: Here, in the Aladani transition, the thought patterns
that are in their unmanifest, formless, latent form start to stir. This is literally the
beginnings of the enlivening of latent Samskaras, the source of our Karma (the word Karma
literally means "actions"). It is a process that one is not normally conscious of. Once again,
it is very important to note that this is not the same as the process whereby Unconscious
active mental process springs forward through Unmani into the Waking or Conscious state;
this is happening at a deeper level.
Beyond the Gross and Subtle: As attractive as the Gross and Subtle realm can be, these
levels beyond Taijasa (the Dream State or Subtle realm) can be even more alluring and
distracting. As one touches on this transition phase from which the Subtle realm and Subtle
thoughts are born, one starts to see the way in which both the subtle and material realm
are manifested and can be manipulated.
Aladani and Aladin's lamp: Notice the similarity between the names of the level of
consciousness called Aladani and the story of Aladin's lamp, wherein there was a genie. The
genie was in latent form, but by rubbing the lamp, a transition process begins whereby the
genie comes forth to fulfill any wishes. Between the stage of the genie being inside the
lamp, and being fully formed, the transition of the genie is that of smoke that changes and
solidifies into form.
Moving past this transition level: For one truly on the path of Self-realization, this is a
level to be acknowledged and moved past, allowing the stirrings to fall back to rest so that
the Absolute can be experienced.

5. Deep Sleep / Subconscious /
Prajna / Causal / "M" of AUM Mantra
"M" represents Deep Sleep: The Deep Sleep state of consciousness is represented by the
"M" of the AUM Mantra. The name of this level of consciousness is Prajna. Prajna does not
just mean Deep Sleep (M of OM Mantra). Rather, it is the name of that level of
consciousness in which one experiences Deep Sleep (M of OM Mantra).
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Impressions are stored in their latent form: The Deep Sleep state (M of OM Mantra) is
the level where deep impressions are stored in their latent form. It contains the roots of our
habit patterns, the Samskaras that are the driving force behind Karma (actions). Those
wants, wishes, desires, attractions, and aversions that play themselves out in dreams (U of
OM Mantra), or turn into actions and speech in the external world (A of OM Mantra) have
their root in this level of consciousness. Those impressions are like seeds, lying there
waiting for water and fertilizer to awaken them, so they may grow in the fields of Dreaming
(U of OM Mantra) or Waking (A of OM Mantra).

Prajna is supreme knowledge: "Pra" means "Supreme" and "Jna" comes from "Jnana,"
which means "Knowledge". Thus, Prajna (M of OM Mantra) is the level of consciousness that
is of Supreme Knowledge (M of OM Mantra). How odd it is, that the domain of Deep Sleep
(M of OM Mantra), where there seems to be nothing going on, is called the place of
Supreme Knowledge.
Prior to the creation of thoughts and emotions: However, Prajna (OM of OM Mantra) is
the place, the level that is deeper than, or prior to the creation of thoughts and emotions,
whether in the Dream (Unconscious; U of OM Mantra) level or the Waking (Conscious; A of
OM Mantra) level.
Prior to the manifestation of Gross and Subtle: It is also the domain that is deeper
than, or prior to creation or manifestation (M of OM Mantra) of the objects and activities
within both the Subtle (U of OM Mantra) and Gross (A of OM Mantra) realms. (The phrase
"prior to" is not meaning in the sense of time. Rather, it is that out of which the next thing
emerges. A metaphor sometimes used is the way that a pot comes out of clay. Here, the
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clay is always there. Out of the clay emerges the pot, and although the clay never goes
away, the pot will go away, and merge back into the clay from which it came.)

Infinite library of wisdom: One who begins to gain access to this Prajna level (M of OM
Mantra) also begins to gain access to what has been called the Infinite Library of Wisdom.
This means direct experience of knowing, not merely from some form of contact with the
Subtle realm (U of OM Mantra), but with the level out of which that Subtle realm arises.
Storage and altering of samskaras: In this level of Prajna (the level of Deep Sleep; M of
OM Mantra) is the storage of the formless, latent thought patterns (formless forms) called
Samskaras that drive Karma, or action (A of OM Mantra). If one can gain access to the
Samskaras (M of OM Mantra) while they are in this latent form, they can be more readily
altered such a way that they lose their potency.
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Making samskaras mere memories: Then, having lost their power (or reduced it
substantially), the deep habit patterns, or Samskaras (M of OM Mantra), can no longer bind
one to what would otherwise automatically drive actions, speech, and thoughts. Now, those
deep impressions (M of OM Mantra) have become mere memories with little or no power. It
is like a rope that before could bind, but that has now been burned. Though maybe still
having the shape of a rope, it has lost its ability to bind. (This process is definitely not one
of psychological suppression or repression.)
Gaining direct access to the samskaras: There are a variety of techniques that
professional and lay people use at the Waking level (A of OM Mantra) to indirectly affect
changes in these deep impressions. Some of these can be very useful to spiritual aspirants
in their journey. However, the Yogis want direct access to these deep impressions (M of OM
Mantra) so that they can choose their own deep habit patterns. In this way, the Yogi
gradually becomes a master over the Samskaras (M of OM Mantra) leading to his or her
own thoughts, speech, and actions.
Burning away the colorings: For the Yogi, this is a process of dealing with the roots of
habits directly, through Yoga Meditation, Contemplation, and Yoga Nidra (described below).
While the Yogi definitely cultivates the creation of new habit patterns, it is not merely
pasting on another layer of habits on the top of the old, whereby one is left with inner
conflict between the old and the new habits or Samskaras (that can play out unconsciously
into actions and speech, as well as inner turmoil). The Yogi wants to attenuate and then
burn away the colorings of fears, aversions, attractions, egoism, and spiritual ignorance (M
of OM Mantra).
Microcosm and macrocosm of Deep Sleep: These personal latent impressions or
Samskaras are the microcosm, while the macrocosm is the Causal plane (M of OM Mantra)
from which creation of the entire Subtle (U of OM Mantra) and and Gross (A of OM Mantra)
universe emerges. This is why it is called the "Causal" realm or level of reality (M of OM
Mantra). Those with great access to this level are sometimes revered, although even this
attainment is short of the Self-realization that comes with the realization of Turiya, the
Absolute Reality (Silent aspect of OM Mantra). The Yogis suggest that the aspirant turn
away even from the allurement of the offer of such creative powers, and instead walk in the
pursuit of the Highest Realization.
Three types of awareness with "M": In the practice of remembering the AUM Mantra,
when awareness is on "M," you cultivate and train yourself to have awareness of:
the Deep Sleep state,
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the Subconscious (latent, dormant, inactive, storage) aspects of mind (from where
the impetus for Karma, or actions springs forth), and
the Causal realm, out of which arises the Subtle and Gross universe (they are all at
the same level).
The awareness of these three operating at the same level of reality (M of OM Mantra) is
allowed to become clearer through practice over time.
Prajna and Yoga Nidra: This level of Deep Sleep (M of OM Mantra), or Prajna, is the level
at which Yoga Nidra, or Yogic Sleep is directed (Some incorrectly believe that Yoga Nidra is
directed towards the transition level of Unmani, #2 above. That is only an early experience
on the way to true Yoga Nidra).
In Yoga Meditation and Contemplation, one remains in the Conscious, Waking state (A of
OM Mantra), and gradually allows that Waking state to expand through the other states that
are normally unconscious. However, in Yoga Nidra one leaves the Waking state, descends to
the Deep Sleep state (M of OM Mantra), and yet, paradoxically, brings along Waking
consciousness.
Reducing samskaras through Yoga Nidra: Yoga Nidra is a state which allows one to
experience thought patterns directly in their latent, hidden, or formless forms, and thus be
able to reduce their power to play out due to habit. The phenomena itself of reducing the
power of the Samskaras comes about naturally through the deep process of introspection
during Yoga Nidra. That level of consciousness is the M of OM Mantra.

6. Samadhi / Deep Absorption
Beyond Waking, Dreaming, and Deep Sleep: Beyond, or below Waking, Dreaming, and
Deep Sleep (the A, U, and M of OM Mantra) is the state of deep absorption, that is the stage
to which one's Meditation practice next leads. It is called Samadhi.

Many types of Samadhi: There are many forms of Samadhi. An even cursory review of
the texts will reveal dozens of different types. Mostly, these differences have to do with the
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nature of the object on which one was meditating before dropping into the state of Samadhi
with that object.
Meditation on Gross or Subtle: The Object on which one is meditating (and then enters
Samadhi) may be Gross or Subtle. A simple example will help. If one is internally meditating
on the image of a red rose, that object is a Gross object (the A of OM Mantra). Meditation
may shift away from the red flower to the red color alone, the "redness". However, even
that is still a Gross object of sorts. However, if attention shifts to light itself, or to the ability
to see light, those are subtler (the U of OM Mantra). If attention shifts deeper to the
observer who is doing the observing, or to the blissful feeling that comes from the
absorption, then these are still subtler. However, in any case there is still an "object,"
although that object may be extremely subtle.
Similarly, Meditation on a spiritual or religious object will also move through levels of
experience, from Gross to Subtle, to Subtler, and to Subtle-most (the A, U, and M of OM
Mantra). Eventually the inward shifting of attention reveals the essence of the object of
Meditation and Samadhi.
Observer, observing, and observed collapse into one: In Meditation on an object,
whether Gross or Subtle, there are three parts: 1) An Observer, 2) A Process of Observing,
and 3) The Object being observed. With Samadhi, it is as if these three parts collapse into
only one. There is no longer an observer observing the observed; rather, there seems to be
only the object. It is as if the observer and the process of observing have become absorbed
into the object, such that object is the only thing left.
Samadhi with, or without form: There are two general categories of Samadhi. One is
Samadhi "with form" or "with object" (of which there are many types of gross or subtle
objects, and thus many types of Samadhi). During Meditation, attention was directed
towards this form or object, and in Samadhi, the attention becomes absorbed into that form
or object.
The other category is Samadhi "without form" or "without object," in which there is
attention that is not directed towards any form or object (since it is without any object or
form, there is not the diversity of types of Samadhi, as is the case with Samadhi on form or
object).
In both categories of Samadhi, the attention stance is similar. The difference is that in the
case of objectless or formless Samadhi, there is no object. The stance of attention is still
there, but the object is not. It is somewhat as if during Samadhi with form, one had simply
forgotten the object, and thus came into objectless Samadhi.
Cultivating Practice and Non-attachment: For one who does not get trapped by the
activity of the Gross world, the Subtle realm, or even the stirrings of the formless Causal
level, then the state of absorption called Samadhi is within reach. Attaining Samadhi rests
on two foundation principles, Practice and Non-Attachment, Abhyasa and Vairagya.

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7. Turiya / Consciousness /
Absolute / Silence after AUM
Silence represents the permeating consciousness: After the "A," the "U," and the "M"
of the OM Mantra there is Silence that is representative of the consciousness that
permeates, and is all of the other levels. The name of this level of consciousness is
Turiya. (All other mantras merge into the vibration of OM, and in turn, to this Silence.)

Turiya means "the fourth": Turiya literally means "the fourth," and represents that
consciousness which permeates, observes, and is the other three levels. To call Turiya a
"level" is not really accurate, since it is always, in fact, witness of, and at one with, the
other states.

Standing on the roof of the building: From the vantage point of Turiya, one sees the
entire panorama of the play of the levels of consciousness. It has been likened to standing
on the roof of a three floor building, where the first three floors are the Waking, Dreaming,
and Deep Sleep states (Gross, Subtle, Causal levels) . From those levels, you can only look
out a window, whereas from the roof you can see it all.
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Practicing the AUM Mantra: The AUM Mantra represents the four states of Waking,
Dreaming, Deep Sleep, and the fourth state of Turiya. These four are the focus of attention
in remembering the OM Mantra. The Transition states and the Samadhi state are less
focused on with intention during the practice. This does not mean they are not there, or will
not be experienced, but simply that one not making specific use of them in Meditation and
Contemplation. In practicing the OM Mantra, the emphasis is on the "A," the "U," the "M,"
and the Silence, along with their associated realities.
Practice with the Silence after AUM: In the practice of remembering the AUM Mantra,
when awareness is on the Silence after the "A," the "U," and the "M," you cultivate and train
yourself to have an awareness of that consciousness, and that it:
Permeates all of the personal levels of Waking, Dreaming, Deep Sleep
Permeates all of the Subtle realm
Permeates all of the Causal realm
Consciousness permeates, is the foundation of, and in fact, is the whole of the levels of the
"A," the "U," and the "M" levels. This awareness is allowed to become clearer through
practice, over time.

Merging into stillness and silence: Many sages, teachers, and traditions have pointed
out that eventually all light, sound and mantras lead to Stillness and Silence. By
understanding the meaning of AUM and OM Mantra, and the levels of consciousness that it
represents, it becomes much easier to see how it is that light, sound and mantras truly do
merge back into the Stillness and Silence from which they arose.
The meaning of AUM is revealed: The masters, sages, teachers, and traditions have also
pointed out that to really understand this, one must do the practices and go to the Stillness
and Silence oneself, wherein the meaning of AUM Mantra is revealed.

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I am a Wave in the Ocean of Bliss.
I and the Ocean are One.
I am Ocean.
I am That.
Distinction between Samadhi and Turiya: There is a fine distinction between Samadhi
and Turiya. Samadhi is a dualistic style of attention, while Turiya in non-dualistic, leading
one to the experience "I am That," or Self-realization. There are many objects on which one
can practice Yoga Meditation and enter Samadhi, and there are Gross, Subtle, and Subtler
levels of objects in which one might attain Samadhi, as well as objectless Samadhi.
However, Turiya brings one to Self-realization that, "I am a Wave in the Ocean of Bliss; I
and the Ocean are One; I am Ocean; I am That".
Mandukya Upanishad:
12 Verses on AUM Mantra
The pinnacle of the wisdom of the ancient sages is contained in the terse twelve verses of
the Mandukya Upanishad, which outlines the philosophy and practices of the OM mantra
(written as either AUM or OM). It has been said that the wisdom of the ancient sages is in
the four books of the ancient most text the Vedas, the juice of the Vedas is in the
Upanishads, and the juice of the Upanishads is in the Mandukya Upanishad. The entire
subject of Mandukya Upanishad is AUM Mantra. It has also been widely said that if one
understands and practices Mandukya Upanishad, no other teachings are needed. While
nobody is likely to do that, the statement is a clear comment on the strength of this wisdom
and practice.
OM Mantra is also suggested as a direct route to samadhi in the Yoga Sutras (See Yoga
Sutras 1.23-1.29).

Mandukya Upanishad on Om Mantra: Yoga Vedanta Meditation

The teachings of the Mandukya Upanishad and OM Mantra are well worth deep study,
discussion, reflection and contemplation. By faithfully and intently engaging these twelve
verses, all of the other written and oral teachings can be explored as expansions of the
foundation principles and practices encapsulated in this succinct summary. The OM Mantra
is a roadmap of the entire process of sadhana and a most practical tool for Self-Realization.
To have such a terse summary as the centerpiece of practices, it makes the context of all
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other practices significantly easier to understand and actually do. It is not only a most
insightful writing, but also a complete outline for sadhana, enlightenment practices.
Swami Rama wrote a profound book on Om Mantra and Mandukya Upanishad
entitled "Enlightenment Without God" that has been out of print for many
years (it is not "anti" God). Here is a link to a download PDF file of this text
that somebody sent me.

Audio Podcast:
The Secret of Shiva and Shakti in the Three Worlds
Verses 1-2 describe the Self and the Absolute.
Verses 3-7 explain the four levels of consciousness.
Verses 8-12 outline the four aspects of AUM.
The Self and the Absolute (1-2):
1) Hari Om. Om-ity-etad-aksharam-idam sarvam, tasyopavykhynam bhtam bhavad
bhavishyaditi sarvam-omkra eva. Yaccnyat triklttam tadapy omkra eva.
All is OM: Hari Om. The whole universe is the syllable Om. Following is the exposition of
Om. Everything that was, is, or will be is, in truth Om. All else which transcends time,
space, and causation is also Om.

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2) Sarvam hyetad brahmyam-tm brahma soyamtm catushpt.
Atman has Four Aspects: All of this, everywhere, is in truth Brahman, the Absolute
Reality. This very Self itself, Atman, is also Brahman, the Absolute Reality. This Atman or
Self has four aspects through which it operates.
Four Levels of Consciousness (3-7):

3) Jgarita-sthno bahish-prjahsaptnga ekonavimsatimukhah sthla-bhug vaivnarah
prathamah pdah.
First is Waking / Gross: The first aspect of Atman is the Self in the Waking state,
Vaishvanara. In this first state, consciousness is turned outward to the external world.
Through its seven instruments* and nineteen channels* it experiences the gross objects of
the phenomenal world.
4) Svapna-sthno'ntah-prjah saptnga ekonavimsatimukhah praviviktabhuk taijaso
dvityah pdah.
Second is Dreaming / Subtle: The second aspect of Atman is the Self in the Dreaming
state, Taijasa. In this second state, consciousness is turned towards the inner world. It also
operates through seven instruments and nineteen channels, which engage the subtle
objects of the mental realm.
5) Yatra supto na kancana kmam kmayate na kancana svapnam pasyati tat sushuptam.
Sushupta-sthna ekibhtah prajnaghana evnandamayo hynandabhuk chetomukhah
prjnastrityah pdah.
Third is Deep Sleep / Causal: The third aspect of Atman is the Self operating in the Deep
Sleep state, Prajna. In this third state, there is neither the desire for any gross or subtle
object, nor any dream sequences. In deep sleep, all such experiences have receded or
merged into the ground of undifferentiated consciousness. Here, one is filled with the
experience of bliss, and can also find the way to clearer knowledge of the two preceding
states.

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6) Esha sarvesvara esha sarvaja esho'ntarymy-esha yonih sarvasya prabhavpyayau hi
bhtnm.
Find the Experiencer: The one who experiences all of these states of consciousness is the
omniscient, indwelling source and director of all. This one is the womb out of which all of
the other emerge. All things originate from and dissolve back into this source.
7) Nantah-prjam na bahih-prjam, nobhayatah-prjam na prjana-ghanam na
prjam naprjam. Adrishtam-avyavahrayam-agrhyam- alakshanam-acintyam-
avyapadesyam-ektma-pratyayasram, prapancopasarnam santam sivam-advaitam
caturtham manyante sa tm sa vijneyah.
The Fourth Aspect is Turiya: The fourth aspect of Atman or Self is Turiya, literally the
fourth. In this fourth state, consciousness is neither turned outward nor inward. Nor is it
both outward and inward; it is beyond both cognition and the absence of cognition. This
fourth state of Turiya cannot be experienced through the senses or known by comparison,
deductive reasoning or inference; it is indescribable, incomprehensible, and unthinkable
with the mind. This is Pure Consciousness itself. This is the real Self. It is within the
cessation of all phenomena. It is serene, tranquil, filled with bliss, and is one without
second. This is the real or true Self that is to be realized.

Four Aspects of AUM (8-12):
8) So'yam-tm adhyaksharam-omkaro dhimtram pd mtr mtrsca pd akra ukro
makra iti.
Those Four are the Same with "A-U-M" and Silence: That Om, though described as
having four states, is indivisible; it is pure Consciousness itself. That Consciousness is Om
Mantra. The three sounds A-U-M (ah, ou, mm) and the three letters A, U, M are identical
with the three states of waking, dreaming, and sleeping, and these three states are identical
with the three sounds and letters. The fourth state, Turiya is to be realized only in the
silence behind or beyond the other three.
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9) Jagarita-sthno vaivnaro'krah pratham mtr. pterdimatvd-vpnoti ha vai
sarvn kmndisca bhavati ya evam veda.
The Sound "A" is Waking / Gross: Vaishvanara is the consciousness experienced during
the waking state, and is A, the first letter of Om Mantra. That simple sound of A is first and
permeates all other sounds. One who is aware of this first level of reality has fulfillment of
all longings and is successful.
10) Svapna-sthnas taijasa ukro dvity mtrotkarshdu-ubhayatvd- votkarsti ha vai
jna-santatim samnasca bhavati nsybrahmavit kule bhavati ya evam veda.
The Sound "U" is Dreaming / Subtle: Taijasa is the consciousness experienced during
the dreaming state, and is U, the second letter of Om Mantra. This intermediate state
operates between the waking and sleeping states, reflecting some qualities of the other two.
One who knows this subtler state is superior to others. For one who knows this, knowers of
Brahman, the Absolute Reality, will be born into his family.
11) Sushupta-sthnah prjo makras tritya mtr miterapter va minoti ha va idam sarvam-
aptisca bhavati ya evam veda.
The Sound "M" is Deep Sleep / Causal: Prajna is the consciousness experienced during
the state of dreamless, deep sleep, and is M, the third letter of Om Mantra. It contains the
other two, and is that from which the other two emerge, and into they recede or merge. A
knower of this more subtle state can understand all within himself.
12) Amtras-caturtho'vyavahryah prapancopasamah sivo'dvaita evamomkara tmaiva
samvisaty-tman-tmnam ya evam veda.
Silence after "A-U-M" is the True Self: The fourth aspect is the soundless aspect of Om
Mantra. It is not utterable and is not comprehended through the senses or by the mind.
With the cessation of all phenomena, even of bliss, this soundless aspect becomes known. It
is a state of nondual (advaita) realityone without a second. This fourth state, Turiya, is
the real Self or true Self. One with direct experience of this expands to Universal
Consciousness.


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*Twenty-Six Principles (from verses 3-4):
The seven instruments are the more macrocosmic instruments, while the nineteen channels
relate more to the microcosmic, individual person.
Seven Instruments: First, Consciousness manifests outward as space, air, fire, water, and
earth, along with the individuation from the whole and the flow of energy (which we know
as the pulsing impulse towards breath).
Nineteen Channels: Then, the individual operates through the four functions of mind
(aspects of antahkarana, the inner instrument), which are manas, chitta, ahamkara, and
buddhi. Those four operate through the five pranas (prana, apana, samana, udana, and
vyana), the five active senses or indriyas (karmendriyas of eliminating, procreating,
moving, grasping, and speaking), and the five cognitive senses (jnanendriyas of smelling,
tasting, seeing, touching, and hearing)
See also these articles:
Four Functions of Mind
Ten Indriyas)
These are explored in meditation and contemplation: All of these seven instruments
and nineteen channels are the means by which the Self or Atman operates in the external
world, which is Vaishvanara, the subject of this third verse of the Mandukya Upanishad. It is
extremely useful, if not essential, to understand and remember these twenty-six principles,
instruments, or channels. This is not just intellectual information, but rather, is a real key to
the self-observation and self-awareness practices that lead to the transcendence of all of
these, and the realization of the Self. If they are not conscientiously witnessed, one can be
deprived of the depths of spiritual awakening.
Keeping it simple: When reading about these twenty-six principles (the seven instruments
and nineteen channels), it can seem very complicated. However, please keep in mind that
the entire process of inner functioning is being mapped out in these principles. From that
perspective, twenty-six is really not such a large number. By systematically learning about,
exploring, witnessing, and transcending those few, you find yourself at the realization of the
Self, the Atman, which is the goal described in other verses of the Mandukya Upanishad.
Five elements: The five elements of earth, water, fire, air, and space are literally
examined during meditation and contemplation, as well as witnessed in daily life. The five
elements operate in conjunction with the lower five chakras (at subtle level they are called
tanmatras, which are part of tattvas, or subtle constituents). The five elements align with,
and operate from the five lower chakras, along with the ten indriyas and a seed mantra for
each.
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See also these links on the Five Elements:
Bhuta Shuddhi: Purifying the Five Elements
Five elements in Sankhya Philosophy article
Chakras and Elements in Indriyas article
Five pranas: When the Prana operates in the body, it divides into five major flows called
Vayus. These can be thought of as somewhat like major currents in one of the large oceans
of the world, while there may be thousands of smaller currents. These five Vayus are the
major currents that contain thousands of smaller currents. The five are literally witnessed
and examined during meditaition and contemplation.
Prana Vayu operates from the heart area, and is an upward flowing energy, having to do
with vitalizing life forces.
Apana Vayu operates from the base of the torso, in the rectum area, is a downward
flowing energy, and has to do with eliminating or throwing off what is no longer needed.
Samana Vayu operates from the navel area, deals with digestion, and allows the mental
discrimination between useful and not useful thoughts.
Udana Vayu operates from the throat and drives exhalation, operating in conjunction with
Prana Vayu, which deals with inhalation.
Vyana Vayu operates throughout the whole body, having no particular center, and is a
coordinating energy throughout the various systems.
See also these links on the Five Pranas:
Five pranas section of Kundalini Awakening
Five pranas section of Meditation article
Ten Senses or Indriyas: The human being is like a building with ten doors. Five are
entrance doors, and five are exit doors. Witnessing these ten senses is an important part of
meditation, contemplation, and meditation in action.
Karmendriyas: The five exit doors are five means of expression, which are called
Karmendriyas (Karma means action: Indriyas are the means or senses).
Om Mantra and the Seven Levels of Consciousness
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Jnanendriyas: The five entrance doors are the five cognitive senses, which are called
Jnanendriyas (Jnana means knowing; Indriyas are the means or senses).
See also the extensive article on the Indriyas.
Four functions of mind: The four functions of mind are manas, chitta, ahamkara and
buddhi. To witness these four is a tremendous practice for advancing in meditation.
Manas = sensory, processing mind
Chitta = storage of impressions
Ahamkara = "I-maker" or Ego
Buddhi = knows, decides, judges, and discriminates
See also the article: Four Functions of Mind.
Witnessing: There is an extensive article on Witnessing Your Thoughts, which includes
many of the seven instruments and nineteen channels outlined here in the Mandukya
Upanishad.