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    Chapter 6 Section 2 Outline

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    Chapter 6 Section 2 Outline

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    905 views4 pages

    Chapter 6 Section 2 Outline

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    You are on page 1of 4

    Name: Donovan Houston

    Chapter 6 Section 2 Outline


    Chemical Reactions
    Main Idea: Chemical reactions allow living things to grow, develop, reproduce, and adapt.
    Essential Questions:
    What are the parts of a chemical reaction?
    How can energy changes be related to chemical reactions?
    What is the importance of enzymes in living organisms?

    I. Reactants and Products
    A Chemical Reaction is the process by which atoms or groups of atoms in
    substances are reorganized into different substances.
    Chemical Bonds are broken or formed during a chemical reaction.
    Clues that a chemical reaction has taken place:
    Production of heat or light
    Formation of a new gas liquid or solid
    Substances can also undergo physical changes, which change the appearance but
    not the composition.

    A. Chemical Equations
    In written chemical equations, Chemical formulas describe the
    substances in the reaction and arrows indicate the process of change.
    Reactants are the starting substances, on the left side of the arrow.
    Products are the substances formed during the reaction, on the right
    side of the arrow.
    Reactants Products
    The arrow can be read as yields or react to form.
    Balanced equations
    In chemical reactions, matter cannot be Created or destroyed
    This principal is called the Law of Conservation of mass
    All chemical equations must show this balance of mass.
    The number of atoms of each element on the reactant side
    must equal the number of atoms of the same element on the
    product side.
    C
    6
    H
    12
    O
    6
    + 6O
    2
    6CO
    2
    + 6H
    2
    O
    Glucose and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water.

    Get It? Explain why chemical equations must be balanced.
    Because matter cannot be created or destroyed.

    Calculate the number of atoms of each element in the chemical equation below. Record the
    information in the table.

    CH
    4
    + 2O
    2
    CO
    2
    + 2H
    2
    O

    Element Symbol Element Name Number of Atoms
    (reactant side)
    Number of Atoms
    (product side)
    C Carbon 1 1
    H Hydrogen 4 4
    O Oxygen 4 4

    Analyze is the equation balanced? Yes.


    II. Energy of Reactions
    Activation Energy
    The minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products is
    called Activation Energy.
    Some reactions happen rarely due to the high activation energy required.
    Energy change in chemical reactions
    Reactions that release energy in the form of heat are Exothermic.
    As a result, the energy of the product is lower than the energy of
    the reactants.







    Reactions that absorb energy in the form of heat are endothermic.
    As a result, the energy of the product is higher than the energy of
    the reactants.







    III. Enzymes
    All living things are driven by Chemical Reactions.
    Additional substances are needed to reduce activation energy and reaction time
    in living organisms.
    A Catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a
    chemical reaction.
    Catalysts do not change the amount of Product produced, nor are they used up
    during the reaction.
    Special proteins called enzymes are the biological catalysts that speed up the
    rate of chemical reactions in biological processes.
    Most enzymes are specific to one reaction.
    The reactants that bind to an enzyme are called substrates.
    The specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme is called the active
    site.
    Factors such as pH, temperature and other substances affect enzyme activity.

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