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    Aikido Glossary

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    Mark K. Francis
    Aikido is a Japanese martial art that uses throwing, grappling, and joint-locking techniques. This document defines important terms used in Aikido, including the roles of nage (the person executing a technique) and uke (the person receiving a technique). It outlines solo exercises, stances, positions, attacks/grabs, techniques, weapons, weapon actions, strikes, and use of hands and body in Aikido.

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    Aikido Glossary

    Uploaded by

    Mark K. Francis
    92 views1 page
    Aikido is a Japanese martial art that uses throwing, grappling, and joint-locking techniques. This document defines important terms used in Aikido, including the roles of nage (the person executing a technique) and uke (the person receiving a technique). It outlines solo exercises, stances, positions, attacks/grabs, techniques, weapons, weapon actions, strikes, and use of hands and body in Aikido.

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    Aikido Glossary

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    Aikido is a Japanese martial art that uses throwing, grappling, and joint-locking techniques. This document defines important terms used in Aikido, including the roles of nage (the person executing a technique) and uke (the person receiving a technique). It outlines solo exercises, stances, positions, attacks/grabs, techniques, weapons, weapon actions, strikes, and use of hands and body in Aikido.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    92 views1 page

    Aikido Glossary

    Uploaded by

    Mark K. Francis
    Aikido is a Japanese martial art that uses throwing, grappling, and joint-locking techniques. This document defines important terms used in Aikido, including the roles of nage (the person executing a technique) and uke (the person receiving a technique). It outlines solo exercises, stances, positions, attacks/grabs, techniques, weapons, weapon actions, strikes, and use of hands and body in Aikido.

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    Aikido Terms

    * Bold terms are most important to learn first.


    Participants
    Nage
    Uke

    Person executing a technique (thrower)


    Person receiving a technique (receiver)

    Solo Preparation Exercises


    Fune kogi undo
    Rowing the boat (kogi=row, fune=boat)
    Ikkyo undo
    Raising and lowering both hand blades
    together with a rowing motion.
    Zengo undo
    Ikkyo-undo turning both front and rear
    Furi-tama undo
    Hand shaking (furi=shake, tama=soul)
    Sayu Udefuri Undo Twisting body side to side
    Shiho giri
    Four direction cutting/extension
    Happo giri
    Eight direction cutting/extension
    Kokyu undo
    Breathing exercises
    Tekubi furi undo
    Hand shaking to relax the body
    Tenkan undo
    Body turning (tenkan) exercise
    Zenpo kaiten undo Forward rolling exercise
    Ushiro ukemi undo Backward rolling exercise
    Shikko
    Knee walking
    Ushiro shikko
    Backwards knee walking
    Body Positions, Stances & Steps
    Kamae
    Stance
    Seiza
    Sitting on knees (lit: correct sitting)
    Tate hiza
    Sitting on one knee, other knee up
    Hanmi
    Half-body stance (used in most aikido schools.
    Nishio ryu uses shizentai)
    Gyakuhanmi
    Stance opposite to opponent (opposite foot)
    Aihanmi
    Mutual stance to opponent (same foot)
    Shizentai
    Natural (neutral) body stance
    Irimi
    Entering (penetrating the opponent's defense)
    Tenkan
    Turning (a.k.a. tai no tenkan)
    Shikkodachi
    Straddle stance (horse stance)
    Zenkutsudachi
    One foot forward stance
    Furikaburi
    Raising the sword
    Hanmi Handachi
    Uke standing, nage kneeling
    Suwari Waza
    Uke and nage both kneeling
    Tai sabaki
    Body shifting
    Position & Direction
    Omote
    Front (i.e. moving to attackers front side)
    Ura
    Back (moving to attackers back side)
    Hidari
    Left
    Migi
    Right
    Zenpo
    Forward
    Ushiro
    Rear (i.e. an attack from the rear)
    Jodan
    Upper
    Chudan
    Middle
    Gedan
    Lower
    Gyaku
    Opposite (e.g. Gyakuhanmi)
    Ai
    Same, mutual (e.g. Aihanmi)
    Soto
    Outside (e.g. Sotokaiten=turning outside uke's arm)
    Uchi
    Inside (e.g. Uchikaiten=turning under uke's arm)
    Attacks, Grabs
    Katatedori
    Ryotedori
    Katadori
    Ryokatadori
    Ushiro Ryokatadori
    Sodedori
    Katadori Menuchi

    Single wrist grab (from Gyakuhanmi or Aihanmi)


    Grab both forearms of opponent
    Shoulder grab (usually gyakuhanmi)
    Grabbing both shoulders
    Grabbing both shoulders from behind
    Grabbing the sleeve (near the elbow)
    Front strike w/ one hand, grab sleeve w/ other hand.
    Kata means shoulder but we actually grab the
    sleeve on katadori menuchi.

    May 2010 v 2.1

    Morotedori
    Shomenuchi
    Yokomenuchi
    Tsuki
    Kubishime
    Tori / Dori
    Randori
    Taninjudori

    Grab one forearm of opponent with two hands


    Hand blade strike to top of head
    Hand blade strike to side of jaw or neck
    Thrust, straight punch
    Neck choke
    Grab (the term mochi is also used)
    Freestyle
    Multiple attackers

    Techniques
    1. Ikkyo
    2. Nikyo
    3. Sankyo
    4. Yonkyo
    5. Gokyo
    Shihonage
    Iriminage
    Kotegaeshi
    Kokyunage
    Koshinage
    Shime
    Katame waza

    First control form (ude osae; arm bar)


    Second control (kote mawashi; wrist turn)
    Third control (kote hineri; arm twist)
    Fourth control (tekubi osae; forearm pin)
    Fifth control form (ude nobashi; arm stretching)
    Four directions throw
    Entering throw
    Wrist turn out throw
    Throw using atemi, timing, movement, unbalancing
    Hip throw
    Choke
    Floor pinning technique

    Weapons
    Bokken
    Iaito
    Jo
    Katana
    Shinken
    Tanto

    Wooden sword (bo=wood, ken=sword)


    Iaido practice sword (non-sharpened)
    Wooden staff
    Samurai sword
    Real sword with live (sharp) blade
    Knife

    Weapon Actions
    Ken no tebiki
    Ken tai ken
    Jodori
    Jo no tebiki
    Jo tai ken
    Tachidori
    Tantodori

    Leading with the sword


    Sword vs. sword
    Disarming a staff (take away)
    Leading with the staff
    Sword vs. staff
    Sword disarming (take away)
    Knife disarming

    Cuts & Strikes


    Dogiri
    Kiriage
    Kesagiri
    Kiriotoshi
    Yokogiri
    Tsuki
    Kirikaeshi

    Horizontal torso cut


    Rising (upward diagonal) cut
    Downward diagonal cut
    Straight downward cut
    Horizontal cut
    Thrust
    Repeating cuts

    Use of the Hands and Body


    Taido
    Empty handed technique
    Tegatana
    Hand blade, edge of hand (lit: Hand sword)
    Kaiten
    Turning, rotating, returning (e.g. sotokaiten,
    uchikaiten; also kaeshi-, -gaeshi, kaesu)
    Kirihanashi
    Severing, cutting off (breaking away from opponent)
    Sotomakikomi
    Outside wrap
    Atemi
    Vital point strike. All aikido techniques include atemi.
    Gedankuzushi
    Breaking uke's balance forward and downward.
    Ki nagare
    Flowing movement
    Kuzushi
    Balance breaking
    Nage
    Throwing (~60% of Aikido is throwing techniques)
    Osae
    Controlling techniques (~40% is pinning)

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