2 Schisto

Coverage and impact
disease-specific progress
Name of NTD
Deadline for submission 9 March
Schistosomiasis
Disease description
Provide a short description of the epidemiology of the disease
(max 600 characters)
Schistosomiasis remains a huge public health problem. All WHO Regions are affected, including EUR where
cases were recently detected in Corsica, France. Schistosoma haematobium, S. japonicum, and S. mansoni are
the main blood flukes causing human disease. Other species, namely, S. guineensis, S. intercalatum and S.
mekongi are limited geographically. S. haematobium causes urogenital schistosomiasis while the other species
cause intestinal disease.
Symptoms
Provide a list of common disease-specific symptoms
Screening methodology
Underline relevant methods, adding any missed descriptions in the space provided
Antigens (native)
Antigens (recombinant)
Blood tests
Clinical criteria
Surveillance
Urine tests
other
Prevention and treatment

Underline relevant methods, adding any missed descriptions in the space provided
Awareness raising
Behavioural changes
Environmental improvements (communal)
Environmental changes (domestic)
Improved nutrition
Medication (PCT)
Medication (antiparasitic)
Medication (symptomatic)
Surgery
Vector control
other
Third Progress Report on the London Declaration

submit to [email protected]
Number of people at risk

Provide details on the total number of people at risk from infection
The number of people requiring preventive treatment for schistosomiasis for 2012, was estimated by WHO to
be 249.4 million, of which 45.8% were school-age children (514 years of age). 93% of those needing
treatment live in the WHO African Region. WHO estimates that the 2013 figure for people requiring preventive
chemotherapy went up to 261 million.
Number of treatments provided

Provide details on the total number of disease-specific treatments provided in 2014
The number of people treated for schistosomiasis in 2012 was just over 42 million of which 29.6 million were
school-age children representing 70.4% of all those receiving treatment. The figures for 2013 are currently still
incomplete.
Human impact
Provide details of key disease-specific statistics showing impacts to quality of life
Total DALY (due to disability plus mortality) allocated to schistosomiasis in the 2010 review were 3,309,000,
which in the view of many really does not take into consideration many symptoms due to helminthic infections
which are not rated. New evidence (see King et al.) has shown that there is no such thing as asymptomatic
schistosomiasis as most infections are associated with subtle or overt morbidity according to infection
intensity and the status of the infected individual.
Progress and challenges

Identify key indicators of progress towards the achievement of WHO Roadmap and London Declaration
objectives; and note key challenges (e.g. resource availability, health, political, environmental) preventing
fulfilment of the goals of the WHO Roadmap and the London Declaration
In 2014 for the first time ever, the availability of praziquantel was not the bottleneck to delivering treatments.
The donation of praziquantel from Merck was increased to 75 million tablets in 2014 and 107 million have
been allocated for delivery in 2015. In addition to this Crown Agents purchased and delivered in 2014 some 31
million tablets, while RTI purchased 73 tablets for Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea, Niger, Togo, Sierra Leone,
Uganda and Tanzania mainland. World Vision provided 40 million tablets for Angola and Mozambique, while
World Bank through WHO supplied 18 million tablets for Yemen.
Funding for delivery of these tablets is available mostly from only two bilateral doors, USAID and DFID,
although other funding for delivery comes from the END Fund, World Bank (to Yemen) and private donations
from the public to SCI as a result of recommendations from www.givewell.org .
In the African region, 41 countries required preventive chemotherapy of which 36 countries have implemented
preventive chemotherapy in 2014 (87.8%) but only 14 countries have scaled to 100% of the endemic areas.
The mapping gap of schistosomiasis has made considerable progress. In 2014, 25 countries were entirely
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mapped (60.9%) and 15 countries partially mapped (36.6%). The people receiving preventive chemotherapy
for schistosomiasis increased from 22.2 million in 2011, to 35.5 million in 2012 and 27.5 million in 2013 but the
coverage is far from the target set representing only 14.4 % of the SAC target in 2012 the year having the
highest coverage. Three countries Zanzibar, Burundi and Rwanda started elimination projects with the
integrated package combining all the strategies including health education, improved sanitation and water
supply and snail control.
th
(Reference: Elimination of schistosomiasis WHO Progress Report by the Secretariat to the 68 World
Health Assembly).
However, significant challenges remain in the context of local supply chain management capacity through to
dispensation and pharmacovigilance, the scaling of prevention programs complimentary to the provision of
treatment, and the treatment of pre-school age children.
2015 will see further expansion of coverage as Nigeria, DRC and Ethiopia increase their programmes. Planning
will be needed in 2015 in preparation of 2016 when Merck will increase the donation to 250 million tablets,
equivalent to 100 million treatments. Endemic countries political commitment and funding for programme
implementation, including training, monitoring and evaluation, must increase to ensure this donation is
effectively delivered. The launch of the Global Schistosomiasis Alliance (GSA) in Addis Ababa in December 2014
should lead to increased awareness and support for treatment of the available praziquantel.


2 Schisto

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2 Schisto

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Coverage and impact

Deadline for submission 9 March

Prevention and treatment

Third Progress Report on the London Declaration

Number of people at risk

Number of treatments provided

Progress and challenges

Third Progress Report on the London Declaration

Third Progress Report on the London Declaration

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