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Partial Correlation

This document discusses partial correlation analysis, which examines the relationship between two variables (X and Y) while removing the influence of a third variable (Z). A partial correlation is the correlation between the parts of X and Y that are independent of Z. This helps identify correlations that are explained by or masked by other variables. The partial correlation coefficient quantifies the correlation between X and Y after adjusting for the third variable Z. An example shows how partial correlation can reveal relationships between health funding, doctor visits, and disease diagnosis when controlling for the number of visits.

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Sanjana Prabhu
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197 views

Partial Correlation

This document discusses partial correlation analysis, which examines the relationship between two variables (X and Y) while removing the influence of a third variable (Z). A partial correlation is the correlation between the parts of X and Y that are independent of Z. This helps identify correlations that are explained by or masked by other variables. The partial correlation coefficient quantifies the correlation between X and Y after adjusting for the third variable Z. An example shows how partial correlation can reveal relationships between health funding, doctor visits, and disease diagnosis when controlling for the number of visits.

Uploaded by

Sanjana Prabhu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Partial Correlation QARM

The goal of science is to identify relationships among variables. Ideally, the goal is to identify
casual relationships. If X, then Y??? One of the conditions necessary for causality is isolation.
A relationship between X and Y must persist after all other influences on Y have been ruled out.
In research, control means control of variance or in short removal of desired factors. In examining
the relationship between X (an IV*) and Y (a DV**), we want to control for an extraneous***
variable Z. The goal is to remove Zs influence on Y, such that Z accounts for no systematic variation
in Y scores
A partial correlation is a correlation Between two variables (X and Y) in which the effects of a third
variable(Z) Have been removed from both X and Y The correlation between the part of X that is
independent of Z with the part of Y that is independent of Z.
This type of analysis helps spot spurious correlations (i.e. correlations explained by the effect of
other variables) as well as to reveal hidden correlations - i.e correlations masked by the effect of
other variables. The central concept in partial correlation analysis is the partial correlation
coefficient
between variables x
The partial correlation coefficient
between x and y adjusted for z may be computed from the
pairwise values of the correlation between variables x ,y, and z and y , adjusted for a third variable
z.

*IV= Independent variable, DV**= Dependent variable


Extraneous variable***= undesirable variables that influence the relationship between the variables that an
experimenter is examining

Partial Correlation QARM

Example: It has been seen people who got money for health checkup , they are more likely to visit
doctor for checkup henceforth they are more likely to diagnosed with diseases
(Refer health_funding.sav file in SPSSs Sample folder)
BIVARIATE CORREALTION

PARTIAL CORRELATION (removing effect : Visits to health care)

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