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    Cretinism

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    Jay
    Congenital hypothyroidism, also known as cretinism, results from a failure of thyroid formation or a defect in thyroxine synthesis. This causes a profound lack of thyroid hormone during development which leads to irreversible mental retardation, physical deformities, and short stature. If left untreated, cretinism causes a form of dwarfism due to deficient growth hormone secretion and delayed bone growth. Diagnosis involves identifying signs and symptoms such as pallor, enlarged tongue, coarse features, and spasticity.

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    Cretinism

    Uploaded by

    Jay
    135 views1 page
    Congenital hypothyroidism, also known as cretinism, results from a failure of thyroid formation or a defect in thyroxine synthesis. This causes a profound lack of thyroid hormone during development which leads to irreversible mental retardation, physical deformities, and short stature. If left untreated, cretinism causes a form of dwarfism due to deficient growth hormone secretion and delayed bone growth. Diagnosis involves identifying signs and symptoms such as pallor, enlarged tongue, coarse features, and spasticity.

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    Endocrine Pathology

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    Congenital hypothyroidism, also known as cretinism, results from a failure of thyroid formation or a defect in thyroxine synthesis. This causes a profound lack of thyroid hormone during development which leads to irreversible mental retardation, physical deformities, and short stature. If left untreated, cretinism causes a form of dwarfism due to deficient growth hormone secretion and delayed bone growth. Diagnosis involves identifying signs and symptoms such as pallor, enlarged tongue, coarse features, and spasticity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    135 views1 page

    Cretinism

    Uploaded by

    Jay
    Congenital hypothyroidism, also known as cretinism, results from a failure of thyroid formation or a defect in thyroxine synthesis. This causes a profound lack of thyroid hormone during development which leads to irreversible mental retardation, physical deformities, and short stature. If left untreated, cretinism causes a form of dwarfism due to deficient growth hormone secretion and delayed bone growth. Diagnosis involves identifying signs and symptoms such as pallor, enlarged tongue, coarse features, and spasticity.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    CRETINISM

    Overview
    Etiology

    Pathogenesis

    Congenital hypothyroidism [developmental failure of


    thyroid formation (thyroid dysgenesis); defect in
    thyroxine (T4) synthesis*; or dietary deficiency of iodine
    (not common in USA now due to iodinated salt)]
    Profound lack of thyroid hormone in a developing child
    (includes teenagers); thyroid hormone acts
    synergistically/permissively with growth
    hormone/factors that act directly on bone (indirect
    effect on growth); thyroid hormone is required for
    normal synthesis and secretion of growth hormone **

    Clinical Significance
    Diagnosis
    Signs and
    Symptoms

    Complications

    Irreversible mental retardation; pallor; protuberant


    abdomen; enlarged protruding tongue (macroglossia);
    edematous face and course facial features (wide-set
    eyes, broad nose); dry rough skin; delayed epiphyseal
    closure (short stature); spasticity and motor
    incoordination
    Untreated leads to a form of dwarfism (short stature
    due to deficient growth hormone secretion)

    Treatment and
    Management
    * Recall, T4 is the inactive form (prohormone) and MC form of thyroid

    hormone found in the blood; T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone. The
    thyroid gland concentrates iodine into iodinate tyrosine residues in
    thyroglobulin to ultimately form T4 and T3 (thyroid hormones)
    ** Thyroid hormone does not affect PTH, cortisol, iron or selenium

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