iPOLL Search Results -- Downloaded: March 17, 2016 8:39:30 AM EDT

-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [May, 1961]

Can you tell me who the 'Freedom Riders' are and what their purpose is?
48%
Any mention of segregation, integration, etc., correct local laws
29%
Any mention of the composition of the group of people
12%
Any mention of what they are trying to do--help integration in inter-sta
te commerce, prevent segregation in buses, bus stations, etc.
17%
Agitators, troublemakers, communists, etc.
1%
Incorrect, general
31%
Don't know/No answer
6%
Not asked--haven't heard/read about recent outbreaks of racial trouble i
n the South
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization May 28-June 2, 1961, and based on
personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,502. [USGALLUP.61-646.R08
]
Dataset: USAIPO1961-0646
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [May, 1961]
Do you approve or disapprove of what the 'Freedom Riders' are doing?
22%
61%
18%

Approve
Disapprove
No opinion

Note: Asked of those who gave an answer when asked who the 'Freedom Riders' are
and what their purpose is (67%)
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization May 28-June 2, 1961, and based on
personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,502. [USGALLUP.61-646.R09
A]
Dataset: USAIPO1961-0646
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [May, 1961]
Do you think 'sit-ins' at lunch counters, 'freedom buses,' and other demonstrati
ons by Negroes will hurt or help the Negro's chances of being integrated in the
South?
57%
28%
16%

Hurt
Help
No opinion

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization May 28-June 2, 1961, and based on

personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,502. [USGALLUP.61-646.R11
]
Dataset: USAIPO1961-0646
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Survey Research Service Amalgam [April, 1963]

Some people feel that in working for equal rights for negroes, Reverend (Martin
Luther) King is moving too fast, others think he is not working fast enough. Wha
t do you think?
8%
71%
21%

He is moving too fast

He is moving at the right speed
He isn't moving fast enough

Subpopulation: Blacks (11%)

Methodology: Conducted by National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicag
o during April, 1963, and based on personal interviews with a national adult sam
ple of 1,515. [USNORC.16OSRS.R29]
Dataset: USNORCSRS1963-0160
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Survey Research Service Amalgam [April, 1963]
If there were to be a peaceful parade, march or picketing here in this (town) (a
rea) in favor of equal rights for negroes, would you take part?
72%
28%

Yes
No

Subpopulation: Blacks (11%)

Methodology: Conducted by National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicag
o during April, 1963, and based on personal interviews with a national adult sam
ple of 1,515. [USNORC.16OSRS.R32]
Dataset: USNORCSRS1963-0160
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [June, 1963]
DO YOU THINK MASS DEMONSTRATIONS BY NEGROES ARE MORE LIKELY TO HELP OR MORE LIKE
LY TO HURT THE NEGRO'S CAUSE FOR RACIAL EQUALITY?
27%
60%
4%
9%

HELP
HURT
MAKE NO DIFFERENCE (VOL.)
NO OPINION

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization June 21-June 26, 1963, and based o
n personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,606. [USGALLUP.63-674.Q
008]
Dataset: USAIPO1963-0674
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [August, 1963]
HAVE YOU HEARD OR READ ABOUT THE PROPOSED MASS CIVIL RIGHTS RALLY TO BE HELD IN
WASHINGTON, D.C. ON AUGUST 28 (1963)?
71%
29%

YES
NO

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization August 15-August 20, 1963, and bas

ed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,588. [USGALLUP.63-6

76.Q005A]
Dataset: USAIPO1963-0676
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [August, 1963]
WHAT ARE YOUR FEELINGS ABOUT THIS (PROPOSED MASS CIVIL RIGHTS RALLY TO BE HELD I
N WASHINGTON D.C. ON AUGUST 28, 1963)?
23%
35%
7%
18%
17%

FAVORABLE
UNFAVORABLE--GENERAL
UNFAVORABLE--PREDICT VIOLENCE
UNFAVORABLE--WON'T ACCOMPLISH ANYTHING
NO OPINION--UNDECIDED

Subpopulation: HEARD/READ ABOUT RALLY (71%)

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization August 15-August 20, 1963, and bas
ed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,588. [USGALLUP.63-6
76.Q005B]
Dataset: USAIPO1963-0676
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [May, 1964]
Do you think mass demonstrations by Negroes are more likely to help or more like
ly to hurt the Negro's cause for racial equality?
16%
74%
4%
6%

Help
Hurt
Make no difference (Vol.)
No opinion

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization May 22-May 27, 1964, and based on
personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,640. [USGALLUP.64-691.R11
]
Dataset: USAIPO1964-0691
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [August, 1964]
Now I want to ask you about the riots by Negroes in New York, Rochester and Jers
ey City. Do you think Negroes helped their cause, hurt it by these demonstration
s, or won't it make much difference one way or the other?
87%
2%
4%
7%

Hurt Negro cause

Helped Negro cause
Not much change
Not sure

Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during August, 1964, and bas
ed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size is
approximate. As reported in the Washington Post. [USHARRIS.081764.R2]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
------------------------------------------------------------

Gallup Poll (AIPO) [September, 1964]

Have you heard or read about recent violent Negro demonstrations in several nort
hern cities?
91%
9%

Yes
No

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization September 18-September 23, 1964, a

nd based on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,600. [USGALLU
P.64-698.R14A]
Dataset: USAIPO1964-0698
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [October, 1964]
PEOPLE HAVE DIFFERENT VIEWS ABOUT THE NEGRO DEMONSTRATIONS. WITH WHICH VIEW DO Y
OU AGREE? SOME PEOPLE SAY THE NEGROES SHOULD STOP THEIR DEMONSTRATIONS NOW THAT
THEY HAVE MADE THEIR POINT EVEN THOUGH SOME OF THEIR DEMANDS HAVE NOT BEEN MET.
OTHERS SAY THEY HAVE TO CONTINUE DEMONSTRATING IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE BETTER JOBS,
BETTER HOUSING, AND BETTER SCHOOLING. (WITH WHICH VIEW DO YOU AGREE?)
73%
19%
8%

NEGROES SHOULD STOP DEMONSTRATIONS

HAVE TO CONTINUE
DON'T KNOW

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization October 8-October 13, 1964, and ba

sed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,550. [USGALLUP.699
.Q013]
Dataset: USAIPO1964-0699
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [January, 1965]
Do you think it is generally a good idea or a bad idea to conduct school boycott
s where children are kept away from school in order to protest the lack of integ
ration in schools?
19%
64%
17%

Good idea
Bad idea
Not sure

Subpopulation: Blacks
Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during January, 1965, and ba
sed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size is
approximate. As reported in The Washington Post. [USHARRIS.020865.R4]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [February, 1965]
How would you rate the job that... Martin Luther King... has done in the fight f
or Negro rights?
94%
3%
3%

Positive
Negative
Not sure

Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during February, 1965, and b
ased on personal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 1,250. Sample
size is approximate. As reported in The Washington Post. [USHARRIS.022565.R1D]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [March, 1965]
How would you feel about clergymen in your own church taking part in protest mar
ches on civil rights issues. Would you approve or disapprove of this?
33%
56%
12%

Approve
Disapprove
No opinion

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization March 18-March 23, 1965, and based
on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,541. [USGALLUP.65-708
.R05]
Dataset: USAIPO1965-0708
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [May, 1965]
In the recent showdown in Selma, Alabama over Negro voting rights, have you tend
ed to side more with the civil rights groups or with the State of Alabama?
48%
21%
19%
12%

Civil Rights Groups

State of Alabama
Neither
Not sure

Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during May, 1965, and based
on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size is app
roximate. As reported in The Washington Post. [USHARRIS.051765.R1]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [July, 1965]
Do you feel demonstrations by Negroes have helped more or hurt more the advancem
ent of Negro rights?
36%
45%
19%

Helped cause
Hurt cause
Not sure

Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during July, 1965, and based
on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size is ap
proximate. As reported in The Washington Post. [USHARRIS.071265.R1]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [August, 1965]
Do you think most Negroes believe in nonviolent action or do you think most Negr
oes would like to use violence in their demonstrations?
59%

Non-violence

21%
20%

Violence
Some do/Some don't

Subpopulation: Whites
Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during August, 1965, and bas
ed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size is
approximate. As reported in The Washington Post [USHARRIS.083065.R1]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Gallup Poll (AIPO) [October, 1965]
TO WHAT EXTENT, IF ANY, HAVE THE COMMUNISTS BEEN INVOLVED IN THE DEMONSTRATIONS
OVER CIVIL RIGHTS --A LOT, SOME, TO A MINOR EXTENT OR NOT AT ALL?
48%
27%
10%
6%
10%

A LOT
SOME
MINOR EXTENT
NOT AT ALL
DON'T KNOW

Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization October 29-November 2, 1965, and b

ased on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 2,399. [USGALLUP.71
9.Q019D]
Dataset: USAIPO1965-0719
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [August, 1966]
I'd like to ask you if you were in the same position as Negroes, if you think it
would be justified or not to march and protest in demonstrations?
46%
54%

Justified
Not Justified

Subpopulation: Whites response

Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during August, 1966, and bas
ed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size is
approximate. As reported in the Washington Post [USHARRIS.081566.R4]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [October, 1966]
All in all, do you feel the demonstrations by Negroes on civil rights have helpe
d more or hurt more in the advancement of Negro rights?
85%
15%

Hurts Negro
Helps Negro

Subpopulation: Whites
Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during October, 1966, and ba
sed on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size is
approximate. As reported in The Philadelphia Inquirer. [USHARRIS.101066.R3]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.

-----------------------------------------------------------Harris Survey [December, 1966]

Tell me for each man if in your opinion you think he is helping or hurting the N
egro cause of civil rights... Martin Luther King?
36%
50%
14%

Helping
Hurting
Not Sure

Subpopulation: Whites
Methodology: Conducted by Louis Harris & Associates during December, 1966, and b
ased on personal interviews with a national adult sample of 1,250. Sample size i
s approximate. As reported in The Philadelphia Inquirer [USHARRIS.121966.R1A]
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Religion And Civil Rights [January, 1967]
Negroes would be better off if they would take advantage of the opportunities th
at have been made available rather than spending so much time protesting.
7%
11%
30%
53%

Definitely disagree
Probably disagree
Probably agree
Definitely agree

Survey by Jeffrey K. Hadden

Methodology: Conducted by National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicag
o during January, 1967, and based on personal interviews with a national adult s
ample of 1,515. [USNORC.67REL.R38H]
Dataset: USNORCSRS1967-4011
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
In the cause of Negro rights, have you personally or has any member of your fami
ly... taken part in a sit-in?
11%
89%

Done
Not done

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
26A]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
In the cause of Negro rights, have you personally or has any member of your fami
ly... marched in demonstration?
19%
81%

Done
Not done

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
26B]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
If you were asked, would you... take part in a sit-in?
41%
38%
21%

Would
Would not
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
27A]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
If you were asked, would you... march in a demonstration?
46%
38%
16%

Would
Would not
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
27B]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
If you were asked, would you... picket a store?
42%
40%
18%

Would
Would not
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
27C]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
Do you think activities of these kinds (sit ins, demonstrations, picketing a sto
re, stop buying at a store, going to jail) have helped Negroes or hurt them in t

heir effort to win their rights?

70%
14%
17%

Helped
Hurt
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
28]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
Have you heard or read about recent demonstrations on college campuses by Negro
college students?
89%
11%

Yes
No

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
39]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
In your opinion, are Negro college students who get involved in these demonstrat
ions (on college campuses) helping or hurting the Negro cause?
40%
32%
28%

Helping
Hurting
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
40]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
Some Negro college students have carried guns during these demonstrations on col
lege campuses. Do you approve or disapprove of that?
11%
81%
8%

Approve
Disapprove
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
41]

Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
(Now I want to read off to you a list of people--some living and some dead--and
groups prominent in the fight for Negro rights in the past few years. For each,
I wish you would tell me how you would rate the job that person or group has don
e--excellent, pretty good, only fair, or poor.)... Malcolm X
13%
14%
14%
21%
38%

Excellent
Pretty good
Only fair
Poor
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
53G]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Negro Survey [May, 1969]
Do you think the methods the civil rights leaders use, like marches, picketing,
and demonstrations, are helping or hurting the cause?
74%
10%
8%
9%

Helping
Hurting
Makes no difference (vol.)
Not sure

Survey by Newsweek
Methodology: Conducted by Gallup Organization during May, 1969, and based on per
sonal interviews with a national adult blacks sample of 977. [USGALLUP.GO6955.Q
54]
Dataset: USAIPOSPGONEW1969-6955
Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.
-----------------------------------------------------------Justifying Violence: Attitudes of American Men Survey [June, 1969]
On the whole, would you say that most negro/black/colored protesters are trying
to be helpful, or that they are looking for trouble, or they aren't one way or t
he other?
45%
23%
32%
1%

Looking for trouble

Not one way or the other
Trying to be helpful
Don't know

Methodology: Conducted by Survey Research Center, University of Michigan June 28

-August 31, 1969, and based on personal interviews with a national adult men age
16-64 w/black oversample (see note) sample of 1,374. Results are weighted to be
representative of a national adult men population. The principal investigators
were Monica D. Blumenthal, Robert L. Kahn, and Frank M. Andrews. [USSRC.45379B.Q
F02]

Data provided by The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research.

------------------------------------------------------------