Bamboo Construction Source Book
Bamboo Construction Source Book
Bamboo Construction Source Book
Source Book
Bamboo Construction
Source Book
Foreword
In the past, many people built their own houses, either by themselves or with help
from their neighbors and from local artisans and builders. They knew how to select the best building materials from what was available locally and knew how
to use those materials most efficiently to make houses which responded to the
local seasons and met their various needs: economic needs, functional needs,
cultural needs and environmental needs. A lot of this understanding about how
to build was implicit - nobody spoke about it or wrote it down or thought of it as
anything special. But all the same it represented an enormous heritage of local
building wisdom and it was passed down from generation to generation through
the process of building itself.
By contrast, most houses today are not designed and built by their owners but
by contractors or masons or carpenters, and a lot of that particular local wisdom
about building that used to belong to people has been lost. At the same time,
greater and greater numbers of people in Asia are finding themselves without
decent shelter, living in squalor and insecurity in urban slums and rural settlements,
and yet aspiring to the kind of generic brick-and-concrete house they will never
be able to afford. In light of this, it is important for us to re-think our strategies for
housing the poor, and to re-visit some of that traditional building wisdom, in which
people and communities were the key agents in building and upgrading their
housing, and local materials and local building techniques were their inexpensive
and environmentally-sustainable tools to do that.
In this handbook, we look in detail at one of those local building materials - bamboo - which for millions of Asian families has always been one of the cheapest,
most-used and most essential local building materials. In the following pages, we
will look at traditional techniques for treating and building with bamboo, and
also examine some new techniques which can enhance that traditional building
wisdom and make bamboo houses that are stronger, longer-lasting, more resistant
to various kinds of disasters and more adaptable to changing climate conditions. We hope that this book will inspire local artisans, community builders and
professionals in the Asia region, and will provide ideas that can be added to the
knowledge they already possess about building with bamboo.
We would like to thank the Hunnarshala Foundation for compiling the material
about bamboo construction which has been used in this handbook. We would
also like to thank the Rockefeller Foundation, whose support to the Asian Coalition
for Housing Rights(ACHR) has helped us to form and strengthen the Community Architects Network (CAN) in Asia, which has become an important regional platform
for building our collective knowledge about housing by people and applying it
in practice.
Community Architects Network (CAN)
May 2013
Preface
Working in flood affected area of Mithilanchal Bihar, was a great learning.
People of this region have built one of the most enduring lifestyle on their fertile
planes and center of their life is bamboo .They say from birth to death every
step of their life is supported by Bamboo . They usually held notion of trying to
build in such a way that nature cannot degrade the material easily does not
exist in this region. However they build in such a way that degrading material
can be changed without bringing down the structure. Sustainability was not
something that these people needed to learn .In fact, that was something that
they could teach, to any one who listened.
Learning from the community encouraged us to bring it forward, to prepare
guidelines for reconstruction of their houses and different manual for construction, based on learning and wisdoms of traditional building. Artisans locally
called Dabiya Mistry, taught how an entire house can be build with just one
multipurpose tool called Dabiya. (Big knife to cut and split bamboo)
Bamboo is ancient resident of earth among the most primitive of grasses, available for people since past million years. It still remains an integral part of human life . It is a renewable resource. During the growth period, it has a good
influence on the climate of the region and helps to control erosion and floods .
Traditional knowledge is an open source for community to use and allows it to
evolve for the future. In contemporary time information technology is becoming more and more popular and widely used by professionals and community.
This book is an attempt to put together basic knowledge of bamboo, sourced
from the wide pool of knowledge across the world and practicing community.
The book also contains information to know more about different topics to
be explored through web-world, that makes this book The Source Book Of
Bamboo Construction.
The book gives basic idea about building with bamboo. It is advisable for
beginners to involve practicing with local artisan to know more and explore
it further.
We have tried to compile this book so that sharing of knowledge begins. For
further improvement your critical views and suggestions are welcome. We hope
this document will be useful to people with concerns towards communities. Last
but not least, this sharing spirit guide us towards building a better world.
This book is an attempt to encourage young professionals , community builders
, artisans and house owners in the region for supporting sustainable ,affordable and maintainable housing where bamboo is available .
Contents
1. About Bamboo
12
3. Bamboo as Material
16
4. Joinery
20
28
34
58
80
Annexure-A
88
Annexure-B
92
Bibliography
94
Aknowlegment
96
1. About bamboo
Bamboo
Fig.3.
STRAGGLER FORMS
These are medium-sized bamboos up to 15 metres
tall, with the tip of the culm arching or drooping down
or climbing on adjacent trees.
Example: Melocalamus
bamboo).
compactiflorus
(climbing
10
Web: www.bambootech.org
http://www.lewisbamboo.com/growth-
chart.html
Fig.4.
REED FORMS
These are medium-sized bamboos, which commonly
grow as reed brakes, They have thin-walled culms
up to 9 metres in height with long internodes.
Example: Ochlandra travancorica.
Fig.5.
SHRUB FORMS
These are erect short forms of bamboo found in
temperate species. They mainly occur at high altitudes, and have very thin culms that rise to a
height of up to 5 metres.
Examples: Arundinaria racemosa, Sinarundinaria
falcata. Shrub forms are widespread in Indias Himalayan Regions, near the snow line in Arunachal
Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Himachal Pradesh and Sikkim.
They also occur in the Ghat areas of kerala and
Karnataka.
Fig.6.
11
In northern China, baskets are part and parcel of the rural population. Plain, practical, strong, durable, they are
used chiefly for agriculture; collecting and carrying earth
and manure, winnowing, storing grain, transportation....
Reference
12
Web:
http://www.nid.edu/activities/research-publications/
publications
13
Fig.13.Diagram of
Heding Basket
In 1882 Thomas Edison was begining a light bulb forctory the worlds first using filaments of bamboo.
Reference
14
Web:
http://www.guaduabamboo.com/uses-of-bamboo.html
http://www.organicjewelry.com/bamboo.html
Fig.17. Bamboo Jwellery
15
Fig.21. Bamboo Planters
3. Bamboo as a Material
Bamboo is a versatile, strong, renewable and environmentally
friendly material. A member of the grass family, subfamily Bambusoideae, it is the fastest growing woody plant producing
a mature fiber for use within three years. There are more than
1200 species and 75 genera (Tewari 1993) of bamboo of
which 130 are found in India.
Bamboo has been used since 3500 BC and has more than
1500 documented uses. Bamboo is capable of providing
solutions for shelter, livelihood, and food security for regions
where bamboo grows. They also provide ecological security
by timber substitution and efficient carbon sinks.
However bamboo is subject to attack by fungi and insects
and untreated bamboo have a life expectancy of not more
than five years. The physical and mechanical properties of
bamboo are subjected to a greater variability determined
by culm height, topography and climate under which the
bamboo has grown. Fire presents a potential hazard in any
form of construction, but the risk is especially high in bamboo
buildings. The combination of bamboo and matting and the
tendency of the internodes to burst cause rapid spread of
fire. The risk is increased when the joint lashing is destroyed
which can cause the building to collapse.
Bamboo is an extremely strong fiber with twice the compressive strength of concrete, and roughly the same strength to
weight ratio of steel in tension. In addition, testing has shown
that the shape of bamboo is hollow tube gives it a strength
factor of 1.9 times over an equivalent solid pole. The reason
being that in a beam, the only fibers doing the work are
those in the very top (compression) and bottom (tension).
The rest of the mass is dead weight. The strongest bamboo
fibers have a greater sheer resistance than structural woods,
and they take much longer to come to ultimate failure. (Ref:
Building with Bamboo, Darrel DeBoer). The structural advantages of bamboo are its strength and light weight whereby
properly constructed bamboo buildings are inherently resistant to wind and earthquakes
Barn swallows and other species built mud shelters reinforced with twigs ad fibers. Wattle, daub, and reinforced
concrete are recent evolutions of an ancient technology.
Reference
16
Web:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-17568088
Species
There are many common species that can be used in
construction, including Bambus Bambusa bambos and
Dendrocalamus strictus,Bambusa balcooa, Bambusa tulda, Dendrocalamus asper and Dendrocalamus hamiltonii.
Bambusa bambos is easily recognized by its curving,
spreading branches covered in spines, usually in threes.
Dendrodcalamus strictus is also a distinctive bamboo,
being smaller in diameter and often solid.
Colour
Height
15-30 m
8-16 m
Shape
Curveing culms
Diameter
up to 150 mm
25-80 mm
Internodes
200 - 400 mm
300 - 450 mm
Thickness
Thick-walled
17
18
Web:
http://bambus.rwth-aachen.de/eng/PDF-Files/Bamboo%20
as%20a%20building%20material.pdf
Grading of bamboo
The shape size and quality of bamboo
can vary greatly even within a given
species. The following grading rules will
help in selecting the best material for
construction.
Nodes- nodes are the strong points in the culm and should be used to advantage
especially at critical joints. (Follow details as given in drawings).
Splitting- it is a good practice to cut bamboo lengths longer than required to allow cutting away of split ends that can have a serious effect on the strength of the
bamboo
Insect/fungal attack- bamboo culms that show signs of insect or fungi attack
should be avoided.
19
4. Joinery
Tool
Bamboo is generally used as it is in required length or in split form. Traditionally
this task is performed by only one tool. Though there are few carpentry tools that
can be used for different purposes. Usually, below shown traditional tools are
used by bamboo artisan for harvesting and construction.
Joinery of Bamboo
All the joinery in the structure is based on four types of lashing
and three types of shear keys. The following terminologies will
describe the joinery.
Lashing: Lashing is used for joining two or more poles together
with a tying material.
Wrap: A wrap is a turn around two or more poles.
Frap: A frap is turn made between two poles to pull the wrap
together.
Dowel: Dowel is a pin (wood or bamboo with fibers in longitudinal direction) of 10 mm. Diameter inserted right through the pole
21
Joinery
Diagonal Lashing: The square lashing shall begin and end in a clove
hitch. It shall be used in condition
where there is tendency for poles to
spring apart.
22
Book : B.A.P.E.P.S Government of Bihar,India, Re-construction of MultiHazard Resistant house, Part-II Technical Guideline For Bamboo base
construction
Joinery
Avoid the crushing of horizontal Members
Pressure
Wood cylinder
Fig. 32.
24
Web:
http://www.guaduabamboo.com/bamboo-joinery.html
Detail No.1
Detail No.2
Detail No.3
Detail No.4
Detail No.5
Fig. 33.
25
Joinery
Double And Quadruple
Beams - Support
Detail No.1
Detail No.2
Detail No.3
Detail No.4
Fig. 34.
Reference
Book : B.A.P.E.P.S Government of Bihar,India, Re-construction of MultiHazard Resistant house, Part-II Technical Guideline For Bamboo base
construction
26
Simple Single
Beam Examples
Fig. 35.
Fig. 36.
27
28
4
7
6
1. Rubber Gloves
2. Adjustable Wrench
3. Tape
4. Hardwood back saw
5. Funnel
6. Clamp
7. Adjustable Spanner
8. Screwdriver
9. Hand Operated Pump
Fig. 37.
B
C
H
E
Fig. 38.
29
Fig. 39.
Prepare Bamboo
Make a fresh cut on the bamboo with the
Hardwood back saw about 10 cm away
from the node.
Fig. 40.
Fig. 41.
Reference
30
Web:
http://www.inbar.int/publications/?did=71
http://bambootech.org/files/PRESERVATION%20BOOK.pdf
Fig. 42.
Fig. 43.
2
1
7
Sodium Dichromate + Copper Sulphate + Boric Acid
325 gm.
250 gm.
125 gm.
Reference
32
Web:
http://www.inbar.int/publications/?did=71
= 700 gm.
For Non Structural member like, wall lattice, Splits Boric acid and Borex to be
used in 1:1.5: Proportion.
i.e. for 14 liter of tank
Borex
420 gm.
Boric Acid
280 gm.
= 700 gm.
33
6. Building Systems
& Components
Consideration for Site Selection
We like to share construction method adopted in the context
of Kosi Flood Rehabilitation work in Bihar with appropriation
one can adopt this in to their context, part or whole.
The site should be chosen on high enough ground, wherever
possible, above the normal annual average flood level in
the area. Where it is not feasible the height of the plinth is to
be at least 150 mm above the normal annual average flood
level. After construction of plinth, if required, the land around
can be raised by filling soil.
Compacted
earth
Extended plinth by
using Earth filling
34
Web:
http://www.bamboocomposites.com/bamboo%20based%20housing%20system.htm
36
37
38
Bamboo Superstructure
Bamboo as discussed earlier is prone to fungal and borer
attack due to presence of starch. This strach needs to be
removed through chemical treatment to ensure longevity of
bamboo structures.
The distace between two posts
shall not be more than 1.2m
centre to center
39
Super Structure
Diagonal Bracing
Diagonal bracing between the posts in each
wall at the corners from plinth level end to attc
level end shall be provided. It shall be mirrored
in the opposite corners of the wall.
Fig.55.
Knee Bracing
Alternatively. knee bracing may be provided at
each post to connect post and the attic level
beam
41
Super Structure
Wall
Lattice shall be tied properly to the bamboo
posts, the attic level or eave level beam depending on the context.
The inside of the wall panel shall be mud/cement plastered while the outside will have to be
cement plastered.
Reference
Book :
B.A.P.E.P.S Government of Bihar,India, Re-construction
of Multi-Hazard Resistant house, Part-II Technical
Guideline For Bamboo base construction
42
Web: http://www.bath.ac.uk/ace/research/
cicm/news-and-events/files/trujillo_11.40.pdf
http://www.inbar.int/publications/?did=71
Fig.58
Fig.59
Fig.60
43
Super Structure
Wall
The wall shall be made using wattle and daub
technique.
For latticework between the posts, any mature
split bamboo shall be used. Traditionally Bambusa Tulda is used mor often.
The bamboo strips shall be coarsely woven
(vertical weft and horizontal warp). A maximum
of two bamboo splits can be used as warp or
weft.
This bamboo shall be treated as per the IS
1902: 2006 recommendations for non-structural bamboo ( see Annexure B)
For lattice, Jafri(The woven mat of split bamboo)
may be used. This provides skeleton for daub
work.
Fig.61.
44
Fig.62.
Fig.63.
45
Roof
Attic Level Floor
In all bamboo houses, attic should be provided
for use during floods. It shall be strong enough
to take live load alnog with dead load in flood
conditions.
The attic height at the eave level shall be minimum 75cm and the clear story height below attic shall be minimum 2.1 m.
46
Web:
http://books.google.co.in/books?id=v3riDLVen
TQC&lpg=PA40&ots=MjJI6PKHM4&dq=bamb
oo%20building%20system&pg=PA61#v=onep
age&q&f=false
Bamboos (minimum 60 mm
diameter) as secondary beams on main beams shall
be placed at distances of not more
than 60 cm. Secondary beams shall be
tied to main beams at each junction.
47
Roof
Attic Level Floor
Fig.67.
Web:
http://www.holcimfoundation.org/T1559/
Locally-manufactured_cob_and_bamboo_
school_building_Pakistan.htm
48
Fig.69.
49
Roof
Attic Main Beam as a Bundle of 3 Bamboo
Fig.70.
Reference
Web: http://bamboo.wikispaces.asu.
edu/7.+Types+of+Joints
50
Fig.71.
51
Roof
Pitched Roofs
Houses with bamboo walls can have followings
type of roofs.
CGI Sheet roof - hipped or Gable
Burnt clay tile roof - hipped or gable
The understructure for roofs can be made with
bamboo or wood.
For roof understructure, Mature Bambusa Balcoa
or Bambusa Tulda or equivalent bamboo shall be
used.
The spacing between principal rafters shall not
be more than 60 cm in case of CGI sheet roofs: In
case of burnt clay tiles, it shall not be more than
30 cm.
The bottom most purlins at the end of roof overhang shall be tied to the eave level beam.
The slope of the roof shall be as per relevant IS
codes. In case of urnt clay tile roofs, the slope
shall be minimum 300. Conventionally, sloping CGI
roofs can range from 22.5 0 to 350 to avoid suction (negative pressure) on roof covering during
high speed winds.
The roof shall have on overhang of minimum 45 cm
on all four sides
The end of the cantiliver portion of the rafter shall
be lashed to the posts.
In case of CGI sheets, it needs to be fixed with the
understructure using J bolts and bitumen washers
to make it waterproof. Nails shall not be used for
anchoring of CGI sheets.
52
Fig.72.
53
Fig.73.
Roof
Pitched Roofs
Fig.74.
Fig.75.
54
Fig.76.
55
Couple of Examples
Fig.77.
Web:
http://openarchitecturenetwork.org/projects/
dlygad2_nominee_bambooshelter
56
57
7. Steps of bamboo
house construction
Reference
Book :
58
59
Site Selection
Flooded Areas
Inappropriate land
River or Canal
Fig.79
Appropriate land
Fig.80
325 sq.ft
Note:
If the soil is not good for foundation, please contact some
engineer.
1. House on inappropriate land may cause damage in
disaster.
60
Raised Plinth
Brick Pedestal
Fig.81.
Pile
Fig.82.
61
Setting Out
Take Care in Setting out
According to drawing
first fix one side of the
house on the land
Note:
1. According to the land and future expansion plans,
the house to be set out in such a way that toilet and
sevices are well accommodated.
2. Excavation to be done according to markings on
ground.
62
Fig.84.
This book briefly gives idea to build bamboo house as per above drawing.
The plan can be vary accordingly to need of house owners
Fig.85.
63
Fig.86.
Foundation
area
should not contain
leaves and other
things which decay.
Foundation
should
be in level and clean
loose soil to be removed
Fig.87.
Reference
Book :
64
Fig.90.
Fig.89.
Fig.88.
Brick Soling.
Fig.92.
From center mark 15 X 15 and do masonary
in such away that you get 5X 5 gap in between .make two coarse of brick masonary,
filll concrete in the center gap .
Fig.91.
Fig.93.
Repeat the process till you reach up to ground level .
Fig.94.
65
Fig.95.
Fig.96.
For the bamboo wall plinth band of size 10wide and 4thick is required. Place the reinforcement as per the picture. Place the cage of 8mm thick reinforcement. Fill the concrete
in proportion of cement 1.5 sand and 3 aggregate.
Fig.97.
66
Fig.98.
Fig.99.
Above 5 wall,
last layer of 10
wall to be done
as shown in fig.
Fig.101.
Do concreting as
shown above. Provisions of holes to insert
bamboo later should
be made.
Distance between two
pedestal should not
exceed more than 5
Fig.100.
67
Fig.103.
Fig.102.
68
Fig.106.
Fig.105.
Fig.104.
Fixing of pile in
foundation
Fig.107.
Fig.108.
Fig.110.
Fig.110.
69
-
5 thick brick wall
to be built from 9 below
ground level, between two
piles. The masonry is to be
completed till plinth level.
-
Last layer of masonry should be 10 wide
to save the shuttering cost.
Fig.111.
-
4 thick and 10
wide band is required for
the bamboo wall.
-
Place the cage of
8mm thick reinforcement .
Fig.112. fill concrete in proportion of1 cement 1.5 sand
and 3 aggregate.
-
Place the pvc
pipe of 4 in the pedestal which should be removed before setting of
concrete so that bamboo column can be fixed
later.
Reinforcement detail at the corners and the T-Junctions.
Note :
Same foundation and plinth can be used for brick wall
houses. Instead of band of10 thick beam 12mm dia bars
can be used. The total number of main bars should be 4.
70
Fig.113.
Hole is ready to
house bamboo post.
Fig.114.
Fig.115.
Do concreting as shown
above. Provisions of
holes to insert bamboo
later should be made.
Distance between two
pedestal should not
exceed more than 5
71
Nessecery Details
Ones
the
bamboo pole
is housed in a
plinth put dry
fine sand to
fill the remaining gap and
insert shear
pin as shown
in figure 118.
Fig.119(a).
Fig.118.
Fig.119(b).
Reference
Book :
72
Fig.120.
Fig.121.
Fig.122.
Fig.123.
Fig.127.
Fig.124.
Fig.126.
Bamboo matt and windows fixing detail.
Fig.125.
Complete House
73
Fig.129.
Fig.128.
Bamboo Lattice
Fig.130.
Fig.131.
Bamboo Lattice
Fig.132.
Roof joinery.
Fig.133.
Corner joint.
Fig.134.
Fig.135.
75
Tying technique
Square lashing
The square lashing shall begin and
end in a clove hitch. It shall be
used in condition where there is no
tendency for poles to spring apart.
Fig.137.
Diagonal lashing
The square lashing shall
begin and end in a clove
hitch. It shall be used in
conditions where there is
a tendency for poles to
spring apart.
Fig.138
76
Fig.139.
CGI sheets
Country tiles
Fig.142.
Fig.140.
Fig.141.
Fig.145.
Fig.144.
77
Plaster
Ensure that the
bamboo work is
strong
enough,
apply
cement
plaster on the
exterior and mud
plaster inside.
Fig.146.
Fig.147
Fig.148
Fig.149.
Note:
To calculate the cost of a house, Fill rate of material and workers in the estimate sheet provided
in the next page.
78
Item
Quntity
Unit
15
61
90
Bag
Cft
Cft
26
36
19
1600
1
10
14
Kg
Kg
Kg
No.
Kg
Days
Days
8
110
110
Bag
Cft
No.
20
9
200
5
110
2
2
5
20
25
L.S.
10
No.
No.
No.
Kg.
No.
No.
No.
Days
Days
Days
Rate
Amount
Plinth
1
2
3
4
Cement
Aggregate
Sand
Reinforcement
10mm
8mm
6mm
5
6
7
8
Brick
Binding Wire
Mason
Helper
Super Structure
1
2
3
4
Cement
Sand
Bamboo
G.I.Sheet
7 Ft Long
6 Ft Long
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
J Bolt
Zeeper Materail For Fastining
Bamboo Treatment
Door ( 3 X 66)
Window (2 X 2)
Mason
Bamboo Artisan
Helper
Material For Mud Plaster & Floor
Bamboo Mat For Roof Under Celling
Total Cost Of House
Cost Per Sq Ft
No
79
Fig.151.
Fig.150.
Reference
Book:
Fig.152.
Web:
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/34928606.
http://webecoist.momtastic.com/2011/06/20/building-with-bamboo13-super-sustainable-structures/
80
Fig.153.
Fig.154.
Fig.155.
Fig.156.
Fig.157.
81
Fig.158.
Fig.159.
Fig.88.
Fig.160.
Web Links
http://www.architectoo.com/bamboostructure-design-at-assembly-room/
http://permacoletivo.files.wordpress.
com/2008/06/bamboo-building.pdf
82
Fig.161.
Fig.164.
Fig.162.
Fig.165.
83
Fig.163.
Fig166.
Fig.167.
Fig.168.
Fig.169..
Web :
http://inhabitat.com/ibuku-constructs-three-new-bamboo-homes-inbalis-gorgeous-green-village/
http://inhabitat.com/co2-bambu-brings-low-cost-low-carbon-bamboo-housing-to-nicaragua/co2-bambu-homes-5/
84
Fig.170.
Fig.171.
85
Fig.172.
Fig.173.
Fig.174.
Web :
http://inhabitat.com/balis-new-big-tree-chocolate-factoryis-the-worlds-largest-commercial-bamboo-structure/big-treefarms5/?extend=1
http://naturalhomes.org/bamboo-rice.htm
http://arkitektura.ph/posts/the-bamboo-bridge-in-davao
86
Fig.175.
Fig.176.
Fig.177.
Annexure-A
Alternative-1
A sample Design of House with Bamboo walls
and CGI Sheet Roor
Reference
Book:
B.A.P.E.P.S Government of Bihar,India, Re-construction of Multi-Hazard
Resistant house, Part-II Technical Guideline For Bamboo base construction
88
89
Annexure-A
Alternative-2
A sample Design of House with Bamboo walls
and CGI Sheet Roor
90
91
Annexure-B
Table 1 General Properties of Bamboo
Bamboo
Species
Description
Bambusa
Balcoa
Bambusa
Tulda
Bambusa
Nutans
Culm
height
Diameter
Internodes
Wall thickness
8-15 cm
20-40 cm
5-10cm
4070cm
Thin walled
5 - 10cm
25 - 45cm
Thick Walled
Web :
http://www.bambootech.org/files/mechanicaltesting%20
report.pdf
92
http://inhabitat.com/balis-new-big-tree-chocolate-factory-is-the-worlds-largest-commercial-bamboo-structure/
big-tree-farms5/?extend=1
Bamboo Species
Moisture
Specific
Gravity
Shrinkage in Wall
Thickness
Shrinkage in
Diameter
Bambusa Balcoa
0.79-0.85
11.1 to 4.8%
4.2 2.5%
4.6 6.6%
Bambusa Tulda
Bambusa Nutans
References
0.722
0.673
Bamboo species
Bending Strength
N/mm2
Compressive
Strength
N/mm2
Sheer Strength
N/mm2
Modulus of
Elasticity
N/mm2
Bambusa Balcoa
12.3
51 to 57.3
9.3-12.7
Bambusa Tulda
12.3
68
Bambusa Nutans
7.6
47.9
References
KK Seethalakshmi,
MS Muktesh Kumar, Kerela Forest
Research Institute
(KFRI)
11.9
(-1.9+1.2)
9.9
(-1.1+1.0)
10.5
(-2.2+3.8)
NK Naik, IIT, Mumbai
10.0
10.7
KK Seethalakshmi, MS Muktesh
Kumar, Kerela
Forest Research
Institute (KFRI)
93
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Aknowlegment
This book is a result of a collective effort made by a large
team. The contributions made by each team member is
immensely valuable. The names of all key contributors
who are part of the larger collective is mentioned below:
96
Kiran Vaghela
Civil Engineer
Mahavir Acharya
Civil Engineer
Prajesh Jethwa
P.G.D.M.
Henish Kakadiya
Architect
Dipti Tanna
Architect
Dinesh Charan
Design Support
Zumi Shah
Architecture Trainee
97