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Drive Test Parameters: GSM & Cdma

Drive tests are performed to monitor and optimize network performance over time. Key GSM parameters measured include RxLevel, RxQuality, Frame Erasure Rate, Bit Error Rate, Carrier to Interferer ratio, and Speech Quality Index. These help identify issues like low signal levels, poor call quality, interference, and fading. CDMA networks are monitored using RxLevel, TxPower, Ec/Io ratio, C/I ratio, and Signal to Noise Ratio to maintain call performance and throughput. Maintaining these metrics within normal ranges ensures quality of service.

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moon_4747508
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71 views

Drive Test Parameters: GSM & Cdma

Drive tests are performed to monitor and optimize network performance over time. Key GSM parameters measured include RxLevel, RxQuality, Frame Erasure Rate, Bit Error Rate, Carrier to Interferer ratio, and Speech Quality Index. These help identify issues like low signal levels, poor call quality, interference, and fading. CDMA networks are monitored using RxLevel, TxPower, Ec/Io ratio, C/I ratio, and Signal to Noise Ratio to maintain call performance and throughput. Maintaining these metrics within normal ranges ensures quality of service.

Uploaded by

moon_4747508
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Drive Test Parameters

GSM & CDMA

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 1


Why perform a Drive test?
Every alive Network needs to be under continues
control to maintain/improve the performance.
Optimization is basically the only way to keep track of
the network by looking deep into statistics and
collecting/analyzing drive test data.
Drive test helps operation and maintenance for
troubleshooting purposes.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 2


GSM Parameters
RxLevel
RxQuality
Frame Erasure Rate ( FER )
Bit Error Rate ( BER )
Carrier to Interferer ( C/I )
Speech Quality Index ( SQI )

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 3


RxLevel
The power level corresponding to the average received
signal level of the downlink as measured by the mobile
station.
Normal Range is from -30 to – 70.
Level lower than -70 shows low signal levels.
Amplifiers, New site proposal, Hardware check could
alter the low signal level.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 4


RxQuality
The level corresponding to the mobile station's
perceived quality of the downlink signal.
Normal range is from 0 to 4.
Quality higher than 4 can result in Call drops, Call
blocks, Muted calls, Handover failures, Interference.
Numerous alternatives could be used to make the
quality normal, which can include setting RF
parameters from OMC.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 5


Frame Erasure Rate ( FER )

A speech quality degrade factor that indicates fading


and interference.
Normally should be less than 4%.
FER greater than 4% that degrades RxLevel,
RxQuality, BER, SQI and C/I indicates fading that
leads to Call drops, Call blocks, Muted calls and
Handover failures.
FER plays a major role in troubleshooting of
Interference.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 6


Bit Error Rate ( BER )
The number of received bits that have been altered
due to noise, interference and distortion, divided by
the total number of transferred bits during a studied
time interval.
For a perfect system, no bits are to be lost.
Loss of bits can result in fading and interference that
leads to Call drops, Call blocks, Muted calls and
Handover failures.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 7


Carrier to Interferer ( C/ I )
Co–channel interference is the term used for
interference in a cell caused by carriers with the same
frequency present in other cells.
Normal Range of C/I should be greater than 12 dB.
Value lower than 12 dB indicates interference with a
certain frequency that could be co-channel or adjacent
channel interference.
Neighbor sites should be properly planned to
overcome interference problems.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 8


Speech Quality Index ( SQI )
SQI is an estimate of the perceived speech quality as
experienced by the mobile user, is based on handover
events and on the bit error and frame erasure
distributions.
SQI should be greater than 18.
Low SQI indicates degraded speech quality and
interference.
RF parameter tuning could level the SQI back to its
normal value.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 9


CDMA Parameters
RxLevel
TxPower
Carrier Energy to Interference( Ec/Io )
Carrier to Interferer ( C/I )
Signal to Noise Ratio ( SNR )

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 10


RxLevel
The power level corresponding to the average received
signal level of the downlink as measured by the mobile
station.
Normal Range is from -30 to – 80.
Level lower than -80 shows low signal levels.
New site proposal, Hardware check could alter the low
signal level.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 11


TxPower
Tx Power Control determines how the transmit power
of the receiving base station will vary.
TxPower should be upto -20.
Value less than -20 will indicate Interference that can
result in Call drops, Call blocks, Voice breaks.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 12


Carrier Energy to Interference ( Ec/Io)

The ratio of received pilot energy, Ec, to total received


energy or the total power spectral density, Io.
Ec/Io should be upto -13dB.
Values less than -13dB could be due to bad terrain,
interference or increased number of users.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 13


Carrier to Interferer ( C/ I )
Co–channel interference is the term used for
interference in a cell caused by carriers with the same
frequency present in other cells.
Normal Range of C/I should be less than 12dB.
Value greater than 12 dB indicates interference with a
certain frequency that results in a low throughput.
Neighbor sites should be properly planned to
overcome interference problems.

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 14


Signal to Noise Ratio ( SNR )
Signal to Noise ratio of the carrier.
SNR should be less than 6%.
Values higher than that will result in low throughput,
voice quality breaks

Tuesday, December 07, 2021 Made By: Khalid Mahmood 15

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