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    Volumetric Efficiency of Compressor

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    Peshala Gamage
    1) The document discusses volumetric efficiency of a compressor, which is defined as the ratio of actual air flow rate to the theoretical air flow rate, and is affected by factors like delivery pressure, clearance volume, number of compressor stages, operating temperature, and valve operating speed. 2) It describes how the temperature and pressure of compressed air changes - temperature drops as heat is lost to pipes and tanks, and pressure drops across valves, gates, and pipes due to turbulence and friction. 3) Methods to more accurately measure pressure differences across an orifice are proposed, such as using a low-density liquid in a manometer or pressure sensors.

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    Volumetric Efficiency of Compressor

    Uploaded by

    Peshala Gamage
    4K views3 pages
    1) The document discusses volumetric efficiency of a compressor, which is defined as the ratio of actual air flow rate to the theoretical air flow rate, and is affected by factors like delivery pressure, clearance volume, number of compressor stages, operating temperature, and valve operating speed. 2) It describes how the temperature and pressure of compressed air changes - temperature drops as heat is lost to pipes and tanks, and pressure drops across valves, gates, and pipes due to turbulence and friction. 3) Methods to more accurately measure pressure differences across an orifice are proposed, such as using a low-density liquid in a manometer or pressure sensors.

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    Volumetric Efficiency of compressor

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    1) The document discusses volumetric efficiency of a compressor, which is defined as the ratio of actual air flow rate to the theoretical air flow rate, and is affected by factors like delivery pressure, clearance volume, number of compressor stages, operating temperature, and valve operating speed. 2) It describes how the temperature and pressure of compressed air changes - temperature drops as heat is lost to pipes and tanks, and pressure drops across valves, gates, and pipes due to turbulence and friction. 3) Methods to more accurately measure pressure differences across an orifice are proposed, such as using a low-density liquid in a manometer or pressure sensors.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    4K views3 pages

    Volumetric Efficiency of Compressor

    Uploaded by

    Peshala Gamage
    1) The document discusses volumetric efficiency of a compressor, which is defined as the ratio of actual air flow rate to the theoretical air flow rate, and is affected by factors like delivery pressure, clearance volume, number of compressor stages, operating temperature, and valve operating speed. 2) It describes how the temperature and pressure of compressed air changes - temperature drops as heat is lost to pipes and tanks, and pressure drops across valves, gates, and pipes due to turbulence and friction. 3) Methods to more accurately measure pressure differences across an orifice are proposed, such as using a low-density liquid in a manometer or pressure sensors.

    Copyright:

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    c

    VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY OF A
    COMPRESSOR c

    Instructed By :- Mr.S.Ganesh
    Group Members :- R.S.V. Piyasena
    P.P.G.C. Prasanna
    R. Prasanthan
    M.G.M.M. Premathilaka
    A.B.D.S. Priyadarshana
    G.P.N.S.G. Punchihewa
    O.C. Ranawaka
    U.I. Ranganath
    Name :- T.G.P. Priyadarshana
    Index No :- 080382R
    Course :- B.Sc. ENG. Mechanical
    Module :- ME 2030
    Practical No :-
    Date of conduct :- 12/07/2010
    Date of submission :- 19/07/2010
    c
    Discussion
    A compressor is devise that take work input and store it as potential energy (pressure energy).
    Since it does not deliver any output power, efficiency cannot be defined using energy concept. As the
    air intake and delivering it at high pressure is the main job of the compressor. Because the air intake
    and exhaust is what mostly considered factors it is good approach to define a term as volumetric
    efficiency.

    As noted above this concept does not consider the input energy, leakages, friction loss that plays
    a major role in overall performance of the machine. A term that considers some these factors will be
    a good term to describe the property of a good compressor.

    Factors affecting Volumetric Efficiency


    —c Delivery pressure.
    —c Clearance volume of the pistons.
    —c Number of stages in the compressor.
    —c Operating temperature.
    —c Valve operating speed.
    —c Cooling.
    —c row close to the isothermal process.
    —c Speed of rotation of the engine.c

    Temperature & Pressure variation of the delivery gas


    The temperature variation of the delivery gas from the outlet from the compressor to the outlet
    of the delivery from the orifice under steady state condition can be given as following.

    Temperature variation

    —c Temperature drop during the flow of the outlet pipe (from outlet to external tank).
    There is somewhat long pipeline from the compressor outlet to the tank so the
    outlet gas temperature drops due to heat transfer between the pipe and atmosphere. The pipe has
    colored while in order to reduce the heat transfer but there is always a drop in temperature.
    —c Temperature drop at the pressure controlling gate.

    The gate opening and closing create turbulence around the gate which in turn
    absorbs energy from the flow there is small temperature drop between the two ends of the gate.

    —c Temperature drop at the storing tank.

    Pressurized air is kept in the tank for some time since the air is at high
    temperature than atmosphere some amount of heat is rejected to atmosphere so there is a temperature
    drop.

    If there are any valves, gates on the line then the temperature might get reduces due to throttling.
    Pressure variation

    —c Pressure changes at the outlet pipe due to the valve action.

    Because the air is delivered at a high pressure than the tank pressure there is
    always a cyclic pressure variation.

    —c Pressure drop at the controlling gates

    Gates produce some irregularities in the cross section of the tube. That cause
    pressure drop between the two sides of the gate.

    —c Pressure drop in the pipe line.

    To get a flow in pipes there must be a pressure drop between the two ends of
    the pipe this drop is a gradual one that happen in the two pipes, in one from the compressor to tank
    and from tank to the orifice.

    Measuring the pressure difference between the two ends of the orifice
    Some methods can be adapted to measuring the pressure difference between two ends of the
    orifice with more accuracy using the following methods.

    —c A liquid of low density (than water) can be used to get high sensitivity.

    Colored alcohol can be used as the fluid for the


    manometer. Petroleum fuels can be used also, like kerosene.

    —c Pressure sensors can be introduced to get a high accuracy.

    Gauge pressure sensors can be used to get the gauge


    pressure sensors can be directly used to get the pressure. This is very high accurate than the normal
    measuring techniques.

    Comparison of graphs

    The given graph in the practical is much more like the expected graph there is some deviation in
    one value but overall they look same.

    volumetric
    efficiency Ä ÄÄ p 
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä ÄÄ
    Ä Ä ÄÄ
    Pressure  
    
    expected graph practical graph

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