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    Activity No. 1.3 Determination of The Empirical & Molecular Formula

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    This document provides instructions for a lab experiment to determine the empirical and molecular formulas of an unknown hydrocarbon through combustion. Students will use an online simulation to burn a hydrocarbon sample and measure the masses of produced CO2 and H2O. They will then calculate the empirical formula and use the molecular weight to determine the molecular formula. The procedure, data table, and post-lab questions guide students through the process.

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    Activity No. 1.3 Determination of The Empirical & Molecular Formula

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    This document provides instructions for a lab experiment to determine the empirical and molecular formulas of an unknown hydrocarbon through combustion. Students will use an online simulation to burn a hydrocarbon sample and measure the masses of produced CO2 and H2O. They will then calculate the empirical formula and use the molecular weight to determine the molecular formula. The procedure, data table, and post-lab questions guide students through the process.

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    Acitvity 1.3(2)

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    This document provides instructions for a lab experiment to determine the empirical and molecular formulas of an unknown hydrocarbon through combustion. Students will use an online simulation to burn a hydrocarbon sample and measure the masses of produced CO2 and H2O. They will then calculate the empirical formula and use the molecular weight to determine the molecular formula. The procedure, data table, and post-lab questions guide students through the process.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    52 views4 pages

    Activity No. 1.3 Determination of The Empirical & Molecular Formula

    Uploaded by

    Optional Alternate
    This document provides instructions for a lab experiment to determine the empirical and molecular formulas of an unknown hydrocarbon through combustion. Students will use an online simulation to burn a hydrocarbon sample and measure the masses of produced CO2 and H2O. They will then calculate the empirical formula and use the molecular weight to determine the molecular formula. The procedure, data table, and post-lab questions guide students through the process.

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    of 4

    Name: ________________________________ Teacher: _______________ Date Per:_________

    Yr.& Sec.: _____________________ Seat No. ______ Group No._______ Date Sub: _________

    Activity No. 1.3


    Determination of the Empirical & Molecular Formula

    PRE-LAB ACTIVITY PROBLEMS: (Answer these questions before you start the computer simulation.)

    1. When ethanol is burned in the apparatus in the simulation, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water
    (H2O) are given off. The masses of CO2 and H2O can be determined by measuring the increase
    in mass of the CO2 and H2O absorbers, respectively. Suppose that in one experiment the
    combustion of 11.5 g of ethanol produced 22.0 g of CO2 and 13.5 g of H2O. Calculate the mass
    of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the original 11.5 g sample of ethanol. Then find the number
    of moles of each element to obtain the empirical formula of ethanol.

    2. Suppose we have a compound containing the elements, C, H, and S. A 7.96 mg sample of this
    compound is burned in oxygen and found to form 16.65 mg of CO2. The sulfur in 4.31 mg of the
    compound is converted into sulfate by a series of reactions, and precipitated as BaSO 4. The
    BaSO4 was found to have a mass of 11.96 mg. The molecular weight of the compound was found
    to be 168 g/mol. Using this data, what is the molecular formula of the compound?

    1
    PROBLEM:
    You will be experimenting with the combustion reaction of hydrocarbons and
    determining the empirical and molecular formula of an unknown hydrocarbon.

    PROCEDURE:
    The computer simulation from animationsindex by Tom Greenbowe, Professor of
    Chemistry and Coordinator of General Chemistry, Iowa State University can be found at
    the following URL:
    http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/stoichio
    metry/stoic_excess_oxy.html

    1. Click “Select Gases.” Then click the button before “CxHy.” Skip Step 2.
    2. Proceed to Step 3. Select amount of gas by dragging the cursor on the lever up to the
    desired amount of gas in grams. ( ________ grams)
    3. Start the reaction by clicking the blue play button.
    4. As you see particles entering the CO2 and H2O absorbers, click “Products” and then
    click the button before “grams.”
    5. Record the amount of products on your DATA and also the molecular weight of the
    unknown by clicking the button “molwt.”
    6. Get the empirical and molecular formula of the unknown. Show your solution.

    DATA
    Mass of CO2 = _____________ grams
    Mass of H2O = _____________ grams
    Molecular Weight of CxHy = ______________ grams

    COMPUTATION

    2
    POST-LAB QUESTIONS
    1. Name and describe the reaction in the apparatus.
    _______________________________________________________________________
    _______________________________________________________________________
    _______________________________________________________________________
    ___
    2. What is the use of the CO2 and H2O absorbers?
    _______________________________________________________________________
    _______________________________________________________________________
    __

    3. What is the meaning of the word “empirical” in chemistry?


    _______________________________________________________________________
    _______________________________________________________________________
    __

    4. How did you determine the molecular formula?


    _______________________________________________________________________
    _______________________________________________________________________
    __

    3
    CONCLUSION

    _____________________________________________________________________________
    _____________________________________________________________________________
    __

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