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    Basic Organelles

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    maxinejanellalee
    The document describes several key cellular organelles: Mitochondria produces energy for the cell through chemical reactions, controls water levels, and breaks down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The Golgi body packages proteins for the cell. Centrioles are involved in cell division and lie perpendicular to each other near the nucleus. The plasma membrane controls what enters and exits the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum stores and transports materials through the cell. Chromosomes contain genetic information and thicken during cell division. Microtubules act as conveyor belts to move vesicles, organelles, and chromosomes within cells.

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    Basic Organelles

    Uploaded by

    maxinejanellalee
    39 views2 pages
    The document describes several key cellular organelles: Mitochondria produces energy for the cell through chemical reactions, controls water levels, and breaks down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The Golgi body packages proteins for the cell. Centrioles are involved in cell division and lie perpendicular to each other near the nucleus. The plasma membrane controls what enters and exits the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum stores and transports materials through the cell. Chromosomes contain genetic information and thicken during cell division. Microtubules act as conveyor belts to move vesicles, organelles, and chromosomes within cells.

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    Basic organelles

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    The document describes several key cellular organelles: Mitochondria produces energy for the cell through chemical reactions, controls water levels, and breaks down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The Golgi body packages proteins for the cell. Centrioles are involved in cell division and lie perpendicular to each other near the nucleus. The plasma membrane controls what enters and exits the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum stores and transports materials through the cell. Chromosomes contain genetic information and thicken during cell division. Microtubules act as conveyor belts to move vesicles, organelles, and chromosomes within cells.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    39 views2 pages

    Basic Organelles

    Uploaded by

    maxinejanellalee
    The document describes several key cellular organelles: Mitochondria produces energy for the cell through chemical reactions, controls water levels, and breaks down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The Golgi body packages proteins for the cell. Centrioles are involved in cell division and lie perpendicular to each other near the nucleus. The plasma membrane controls what enters and exits the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum stores and transports materials through the cell. Chromosomes contain genetic information and thicken during cell division. Microtubules act as conveyor belts to move vesicles, organelles, and chromosomes within cells.

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Maxine Janella M.

    Lee
    ELM1
    Cellular Organelles

    Mitochondria

    - Second largest organelle with unique


    genetic structure
    - Double-layered outer membrane with inner folds
    called cristae
    - Energy-producing chemical reactions take place on
    cristae
    - Controls level of water and other materials in cell
    - Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and
    carbohydrates, and forms urea

    Golgi Body
    - Protein 'packaging plant'
    - A membrane structure found near nucleus
    - Composed of numerous layers forming a sac

    Centrioles
    - Paired cylindrical organelles near nucleus
    - Composed of nine tubes, each with three tubules
    - Involved in cellular division
    - Lie at right angles to each other

    Plasma Membrane
    - Outer membrane of cell that controls cellular traffic
    - Contains proteins (left, gray) that span through the
    membrane and allow passage of materials
    - Proteins are surrounded by a phospholipid bi-layer.
    Endoplasmic Reticulum

    - Tubular network fused to nuclear membrane


    - Goes through cytoplasm onto cell membrane
    - Stores, separates, and serves as cell's transport
    system
    - Smooth type: lacks ribosomes
    - Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in
    surface

    Chromosomes
    - Usually in the form of chromatin
    - Contains genetic information
    - Composed of DNA
    - Thicken for cellular division
    - Set number per species (i.e. 23 pairs for human)

    Microtubules act as conveyer belts inside cells. They help


    to move vesicles, granules and organelles like
    mitochondria, and chromosomes via special attachment
    proteins. Vesicles get attached to microtubule associated
    proteins and move along the microtubule conveyer belt.
    The microtubule associated proteins include kinesins and
    dynein which move along the microtubules in opposite
    directions.

    Reference:
    http://www.buzzle.com/articles/microtubules-function.html
    http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microtubule

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