Windows Server 2008 Interview Questions and Answers.

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Windows Server 2008 Questions and Answers:

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1 :: What are some of the new tools and features provided by Windows Server 2008?
Windows Server 2008 now provides a desktop environment similar to Microsoft Windows Vista and includes tools also found in Vista, such as the new backup snap-in and the BitLocker drive encryption feature. Windows Server 2008 also provides the new IIS7 web server and the Windows Deployment Service.

2 :: What are the different editions of Windows Server 2008?

The entry-level version of Windows Server 2008 is the Standard Edition. The Enterprise Edition provides a platform for large enterprisewide networks. The Datacenter Edition provides support for unlimited Hyper-V virtualization and advanced clustering services. The Web Edition is a scaled-down version of Windows Server 2008 intended for use as a dedicated web server. The Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter Editions can be purchased with or without the Hyper-V virtualization technology.

3 :: What two hardware considerations should be an important part of the planning process for a Windows Server 2008 deployment?
Any server on which you will install Windows Server 2008 should have at least the minimum hardware requirement for running the network operating system. Server hardware should also be on the Windows Server 2008 Hardware Compatibility List to avoid the possibility of hardware and network operating system incompatibility.

4 :: How does the activation process differ on Windows Server 2008 as compared to Windows Server 2003?

You can select to have activation happen automatically when the Windows Server 2008 installation is complete. Make sure that the Automatically Activate Windows When Im Online check box is selected on the Product Key page.

5 :: What are the options for installing Windows Server 2008?

You can install Windows Server 2008 on a server not currently configured with NOS, or you can upgrade existing servers running Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003.

6 :: How do you configure and manage a Windows Server 2008 core installation?
This stripped-down version of Windows Server 2008 is managed from the command line.

7 :: Which Control Panel tool enables you to automate the running of server utilities and other applications?
The Task Scheduler enables you to schedule the launching of tools such as Windows Backup and Disk Defragmenter.

8 :: What are some of the items that can be accessed via the System Properties dialog box?
You can access virtual memory settings and the Device Manager via the System Properties dialog box.

9 :: Which Windows Server utility provides a common interface for tools and utilities and provides access to server roles, services, and monitoring and drive utilities?
The Server Manager provides both the interface and access to a large number of the utilities and tools that you will use as you manage your Windows server.

10 :: How are local user accounts and groups created?

Local user accounts and groups are managed in the Local Users and Groups node in the Server Manager. Local user accounts and groups are used to provide local access to a server.

11 :: When a child domain is created in the domain tree, what type of trust relationship exists between the new child domain and the trees root domain?
Child domains and the root domain of a tree are assigned transitive trusts. This means that the root domain and child domain trust each other and allow resources in any domain in the tree to be accessed by users in any domain in the tree.

12 :: What is the primary function of domain controllers?

The primary function of domain controllers is to validate users to the network. However, domain controllers also provide the catalog of Active Directory objects to users on the network.

13 :: What are some of the other roles that a server running Windows Server 2008 could fill on the network?
A server running Windows Server 2008 can be configured as a domain controller, a file server, a print server, a web server, or an application server. Windows servers can also have roles and features that provide services such as DNS, DHCP, and Routing and Remote Access.

14 :: Which Windows Server 2008 tools make it easy to manage and configure a servers roles and features?
The Server Manager window enables you to view the roles and features installed on a server and also to quickly access the tools used to manage these various roles and features. The Server Manager can be used to add and remove roles and features as needed.

15 :: What Windows Server 2008 service is used to install client operating systems over the network?
Windows Deployment Services (WDS) enables you to install client and server operating systems over the network to any computer with a PXE-enabled network interface.

16 :: What domain services are necessary for you to deploy the Windows Deployment Services on your network?
Windows Deployment Services requires that a DHCP server and a DNS server be installed in the domain.

17 :: How is WDS configured and managed on a server running Windows Server 2008?
The Windows Deployment Services snap-in enables you to configure the WDS server and add boot and install images to the server.

18 :: What utility is provided by Windows Server 2008 for managing disk drives, partitions, and volumes?
The Disk Manager provides all the tools for formatting, creating, and managing drive volumes and partitions.

19 :: What is the difference between a basic and dynamic drive in the Windows Server 2008 environment?
A basic disk embraces the MS-DOS disk structure; a basic disk can be divided into partitions (simple volumes). Dynamic disks consist of a single partition that can be divided into any number of volumes. Dynamic disks also support Windows Server 2008 RAID implementations.

20 :: What is RAID in Windows Server 2008?

RAID, or Redundant Array of Independent Disks, is a strategy for building fault tolerance into your file servers. RAID enables you to combine one or more volumes on separate drives so that they are accessed by a single drive letter. Windows Server 2008 enables you to configure RAID 0 (a striped set), RAID 1 (a mirror set), and RAID 5 (disk striping with parity).

21 :: What is the most foolproof strategy for protecting data on the network?
Regular backups of network data provides the best method of protecting you from data loss.

22 :: What conceptual model helps provide an understanding of how network protocol stacks such as TCP/IP work?
The OSI model, consisting of the application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical layers, helps describe how data is sent and received on the network by protocol stacks.

23 :: What protocol stack is installed by default when you install Windows Server 2008 on a network server?
TCP/IP (v4 and v6) is the default protocol for Windows Server 2008. It is required for Active Directory implementations and provides for connectivity on heterogeneous networks.

24 :: When TCP/IP is configured on a Windows server (or domain client), what information is required?
You must provide at least the IP address and the subnet mask to configure a TCP/IP client for an IPv4 client, unless that client obtains this information from a DHCP server. For IPv6 clients, the interface ID is generated automatically from the MAC hardware address on the network adapter. IPv6 can also use DHCP as a method to configure IP clients on the network.

25 :: What are two command-line utilities that can be used to check TCP/IP configurations and IP connectivity, respectively?

The ipconfig command can be used to check a computers IP configuration and also renew the clients IP address if it is provided by a DHCP server. ping can be used to check the connection between the local computer and any computer on the network, using the destination computers IP address.

26 :: What term is used to refer to the first domain created in a new Active Directory tree?
The first domain created in a tree is referred to as the root domain. Child domains created in the tree share the same namespace as the root domain.

27 :: How is a server running Windows Server 2008 configured as a domain controller, such as the domain controller for the root domain or a child domain?
Installing the Active Directory on a server running Windows Server 2008 provides you with the option of creating a root domain for a domain tree or of creating child domains in an existing tree. Installing Active Directory on the server makes the server a domain controller.

28 :: What are some of the tools used to manage Active Directory objects in a Windows Server 2008 domain?
When the Active Directory is installed on a server (making it a domain controller), a set of Active Directory snap-ins is provided. The Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in is used to manage Active Directory objects such as user accounts, computers, and groups. The Active Directory Domains and Trusts snap-in enables you to manage the trusts that are defined between domains. The Active Directory Sites and Services snap-in provides for the management of domain sites and subnets.

29 :: How are domain user accounts created and managed?

The Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in provides the tools necessary for creating user accounts and managing account properties. Properties for user accounts include settings related to logon hours, the computers to which a user can log on, and the settings related to the users password.

30 :: What type of Active Directory objects can be contained in a group?

A group can contain users, computers, contacts, and other nested groups.

31 :: What type of group is not available in a domain that is running at the mixed-mode functional level?

Universal groups are not available in a mixed-mode domain. The functional level must be raised to Windows 2003 or Windows 2008 to make these groups available.

32 :: What types of Active Directory objects can be contained in an Organizational Unit?

Organizational Units can hold users, groups, computers, contacts, and other OUs. The Organizational Unit provides you with a container directly below the domain level that enables you to refine the logical hierarchy of how your users and other resources are arranged in the Active Directory.

33 :: What are Active Directory sites in Windows Server 2008?

Active Directory sites are physical locations on the networks physical topology. Each regional domain that you create is assigned to a site. Sites typically represent one or more IP subnets that are connected by IP routers. Because sites are separated from each other by a router, the domain controllers on each site periodically replicate the Active Directory to update the Global Catalog on each site segment.

34 :: How can client computer accounts be added to the Active Directory?

Client computer accounts can be added through the Active Directory Users and Computers snapin. You can also create client computer accounts via the client computer by joining it to the domain via the System Properties dialog box. This requires a user account that has administrative privileges, such as members of the Domain Administrator or Enterprise Administrator groups.

35 :: What firewall setting is required to manage client computers such as Vista clients and Windows 2008 member servers?
The Windows Firewall must allow remote administration for a computer to be managed remotely.

36 :: Can servers running Windows Server 2008 provide services to clients when they are not part of a domain?
Servers running Windows Server 2008 can be configured to participate in a workgroup. The server can provide some services to the workgroup peers but does not provide the security and management tools provided to domain controllers.

37 :: What does the use of Group Policy provide you as a network administrator?
Group Policy provides a method of controlling user and computer configuration settings for Active Directory containers such as sites, domains, and OUs. GPOs are linked to a particular container, and then individual policies and administrative templates are enabled to control the environment for the users or computers within that particular container.

38 :: What tools are involved in managing and deploying Group Policy?

GPOs and their settings, links, and other information such as permissions can be viewed in the Group Policy Management snap-in.

39 :: How do you deal with Group Policy inheritance issues?

GPOs are inherited down through the Active Directory tree by default. You can block the inheritance of settings from upline GPOs (for a particular container such as an OU or a local computer) by selecting Block Inheritance for that particular object. If you want to enforce a higher-level GPO so that it overrides directly linked GPOs, you can use the Enforce command on the inherited (or upline) GPO.

40 :: How can you make sure that network clients have the most recent Windows updates installed and have other important security features such as the Windows Firewall enabled before they can gain full network access?
You can configure a Network Policy Server (a service available in the Network Policy and Access Services role). The Network Policy Server can be configured to compare desktop client settings with health validators to determine the level of network access afforded to the client.

41 :: What is the purpose of deploying local DNS servers?

A domain DNS server provides for the local mapping of fully qualified domain names to IP addresses. Because the DNS is a distributed database, the local DNS servers can provide record information to remote DNS servers to help resolve remote requests related to fully qualified domain names on your network.

42 :: What types of zones would you want to create on your DNS server so that both queries to resolve hostnames to IP addresses and queries to resolve IP addresses to hostnames are handled successfully?
You would create both a forward lookup zone and a reverse lookup zone on your Windows Server 2008 DNS server.

43 :: What tool enables you to manage your Windows Server 2008 DNS server?
The DNS snap-in enables you to add or remove zones and to view the records in your DNS zones. You can also use the snap-in to create records such as a DNS resource record.

44 :: In terms of DNS, what is a caching-only server?

A caching-only DNS server supplies information related to queries based on the data it contains in its DNS cache. Caching-only servers are often used as DNS forwarders. Because they are not configured with any zones, they do not generate network traffic related to zone transfers.

45 :: How is the range of IP addresses defined for a Windows Server 2008 DHCP server?
The IP addresses supplied by the DHCP server are held in a scope. A scope that contains more than one subnet of IP addresses is called a superscope. IP addresses in a scope that you do not want to lease can be included in an exclusion range.

46 :: What TCP/IP configuration parameters can be provided to a DHCP client?

The DHCP server can supply a DHCP client an IP address and subnet mask. It also can optionally include the default gateway address, the DNS server address, and the WINS server address to the client.

47 :: How can you configure the DHCP server so that it provides certain devices with the same IP address each time the address is renewed?
You can create a reservation for the device (or create reservations for a number of devices). To create a reservation, you need to know the MAC hardware address of the device. You can use the ipconfig or nbstat command-line utilities to determine the MAC address for a network device such as a computer or printer.

48 :: To negate rogue DHCP servers from running with a domain, what is required for your DHCP server to function?
The DHCP server must be authorized in the Active Directory before it can function in the domain.