Iron, copper, iodine, and fluoride are essential minerals that the body requires in small amounts. Iron is important for oxygen transport and energy production. It is mostly recycled and absorbed in the stomach. Copper acts as a cofactor in enzymes and helps transport oxygen. It is carried by albumin and stored in the liver, brain, and kidneys. Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and replaces hydroxyl groups in calcium phosphate salts in teeth.
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Iron, copper, iodine, and fluoride are essential minerals that the body requires in small amounts. Iron is important for oxygen transport and energy production. It is mostly recycled and absorbed in the stomach. Copper acts as a cofactor in enzymes and helps transport oxygen. It is carried by albumin and stored in the liver, brain, and kidneys. Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and replaces hydroxyl groups in calcium phosphate salts in teeth.
Iron, copper, iodine, and fluoride are essential minerals that the body requires in small amounts. Iron is important for oxygen transport and energy production. It is mostly recycled and absorbed in the stomach. Copper acts as a cofactor in enzymes and helps transport oxygen. It is carried by albumin and stored in the liver, brain, and kidneys. Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and replaces hydroxyl groups in calcium phosphate salts in teeth.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Iron, copper, iodine, and fluoride are essential minerals that the body requires in small amounts. Iron is important for oxygen transport and energy production. It is mostly recycled and absorbed in the stomach. Copper acts as a cofactor in enzymes and helps transport oxygen. It is carried by albumin and stored in the liver, brain, and kidneys. Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and replaces hydroxyl groups in calcium phosphate salts in teeth.
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IRON COPPER Iodine Fluoride
Properties Well conserved; 90% recycled 75 % thyroid gland
25% lactating mammary gland 3-5 g; 100 – 150 g 20-30 g 2.5 mg 30 % TOTAL IRON BINDING CAPACITY Absorption 1. HEME iron porphyrin complex 1. assoc. w/ METALLOTHIONEIN 2. NON-HEME Fe2+ (by gastric juice) Transport 1. Mucosal Tf + Apf = FERRITIN 1. bounded to ALBUMIN (intes’l lumen to mucosal cells) 2. Serum Tf – carries Fe3+ (mucosal cells to tissues) Storage 1. FERRITIN – readily mobilized 1. bound to CERULOPLASMIN 2. HEMOSIDERIN – not mobilized BRAIN, HEART, LIVER and LIVER, BM, SPLEEN and MXs Kidneys Excretion 1. Bleeding 1. Bile 2. Feces, sweat 3. Exfoliation Function 1. O2 transport – Hb and Mb 1. Coenzyme 1. integral part of TH 1. resistance to dental caries 2. Oxidative Prod. of ATP via a. cyt c oxidase 2. FLUORAPATITE REDOX (Fe2+ Fe3+) – b. SOD – replaced OH group in Ca2+ P04- cytochromes c. tyrosinase salts 3. P450 system – H20 insol. sol. d. lysyl oxidase - less absorbed < hydroxyapatite 4. Immune system 2. O2 of Fe2+ before transport a. neutrophils, WBC 3. Collagen Cross-linking b. Tf and Lacto Tf 4. mito ENERGY production 5. Cognitive Performance 5. ANTI-OXIDANT 6. synth. of Melanin and Catecholamine