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ystern - Air r, Turbocharger - 09

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Air Intake

System - Air Filter, Turbocharger

09

Job No.

Function of turbocharger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Testing turbocharger boost pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removal and installation of turbocharger .................................... Function of engine overload protection - Turbodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Testing engine overload protection - Turbodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removal and installation of air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removal and installation of air cleaner - Turbodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

09 - 050 09 - 100 09 - 150 09 - 200 09 - 250 09 - 400 09 - 400

0911

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09-050

Function of turbocharger

Turbocharger survey

602.96

Garrett TB 025 1990 or T 025 KKK K14 *) Garrett TB 03 3, or T 03 3, ) ) KKK K24 3, )

0.85-0.95 bar (13.75 - 14.25 psi)

603.96

0.85-0.95 bar (13.75 - 14.25 psi)

l) Optronal 2) Productron breakpornt at a later point In time KKK = Kuhnle, Kopp und Kausch. 3) For Callfornla with air recirculation valve.

Engine 602.961, Garrett TB 025

Boost pressure control Turbine housing valve Fresh air Inlet Compressed air Bypass passage Exhaust Inlet Exhaust outlet 011 feed 011 discharge

Engine 603.96, Garrett TB 03

a C h

Boost pressure control valve Compressor housing Turbine housing

09.10 III - 050/l

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Garrett TB 03 with air recirculation valve

a b
C

Boost pressure control Air recirculation valve Compressor houslng

Po%?o4313

KKK-K24 with air recirculation valve

a b
C

Boost pressure control valve Air reclrculatlon valve Compressor houslng Turbtne housing

General The exhaust gas turbocharger (EGT) is a flow machine. The energy of the engine exhaust gas is used for driving a turbine, which in turn drives a compressor through a shaft. The EGT is installed between the exhaust manifold and the exhaust pipe. It is connected to the engine oil circuit for lubrication and cooling. A boost pressure control valve, fitted to the turbine housing or separately, ensures that a boost pressure of 0.95 bar is not exceeded. if a problem develops in the boost pressure control valve, engine failure is prevented by means of an engine overload protection system.

09.10 III - 050,2

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The exhaust gases of the engine are passed through the exhaust manifold into the turbine housing (h) and flow onto the turbine wheel (i). The flow energy of the exhaust gases starts the turbine wheel (i) rotating. This causes the compressor wheel (d) which is connected through the shaft (n) to the turbine wheel (i) to be driven at the same speed. The maximum rotation speed is approx. 135,000 rpm. The fresh air drawn in by the compressor wheel (d) is compressed and sent to the engine.

nfm

e-----

i
P07-0473-57A

Functional diagram turbocharger KKK K24 (Engine 603.96)

d e f g h

I I
k I

Boost pressure control valve Compressor housing Compressor wheel Control line Axial bearing Beanng bushing Turbtne houslng Turbine wheel Spnng Diaphragm Valve

Charge housing Shaft Fresh arr Inlet Compressed air (to engine) Bypass passage/boost pressure control valve Exhaust Inlet Exhaust outlet Oil feed 011 discharge Control pressure

09.10 III - 05013

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137

PO9-0026-59

Function diagram
1 103
110

137 138 S66 Y30

Injectton pump ALDA unit Exhaust manifold Turbocharger Charge air pipe Pressure switch, engine overload protection Switch-over valve, engme overload protectlon

Boost pressure control valve Compressor wheel Control line Air admIssIon Turbine wheel Compressor Inlet (fresh air) Compressor outlet (compressed arr) Exhaust gases to turbine wheel Exhaust outlet

09.10 III - 050/4

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Air Recirculation Valve (refer also to EDS Operation No. 07.1-010) In order to create more favorable combustion conditions for the trap oxidizer, the air recirculation valve is continuously opened or closed in accordance with the performance

characteristic map. After the closing operation, a residual vacuum of approx. 30 mbar is retained at the air circulation valve.

F-

Ar

I f

D 9

Ii
PQ7-0472-57

Function diagram turbocharger KKK with air recirculation valve California Model year 1986187
Control valve, exhaust gas control flap AIM recwculatlon valve Compressor houslng Compressor wheel Connector hose Axial bearing Bearing bush Turbine houslng Turbine wheel Compressron sprtng Diaphragm Boost pressure control valve lntermedrate housrng Compressor Inlet (fresh air) Compressor outlet (compressor air) Bypass passage, boost pressure control valve Exhaust gas to turbine wheel Exhaust gas outlet Vacuum connectlon to vacuum transducer Recirculated air Lubrication 011 Inlet Lubrlcatron011 outlet Boost pressure (control valve exhaust gas control flap)

9 h

k m

09.10 III - 05015

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Boost pressure Control Valve (KKK) To prevent the boost pressure from rising above a certain level, a boost pressure control valve (a) is attached to the turbine housing (h). The boost pressure is taken from the compressor housing and passed through the connecting hose (14) to the boost pressure control valve. When maximum boost pressure is reached, the boost pressure control valve begins to open and allows the exhaust gas to flow along the bypass passage (c). Part of the exhaust gas flows directly into the exhaust system, resulting in a constant boost pressure level.

14 Connecting h o s e

Boost pressure control valve Control line Turbine housing Spnng 1 k Diaphragm I Valve C Bypass passage Exhaust gas outlet E a e h

1000 _ 900 800 7 0 0 6 0 0 5 0 0 4 0 0

1 2 0 0 1600 2 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 2 8 0 0 3 2 0 0 3 6 0 0

4000 4 4 0 0

4800

Boost pressure diagram - full load

09.10 III - 050/6

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Idle and Lower Part Load No boost pressure occurs during idling and in the lower part load range; therefore, the engine operates as a naturally aspirated engine. Upper Part Load and Full Load As the engine load and speed increase, e.g. with an increase in the exhaust gas flow, the turbine wheel (i) is accelerated producing a boost pressure up to a certain value via the compressor wheel (d). The compressed charge air is passed through the charge air pipe to the individual cylinders. The boost pressure allows an increased quantity of fuel to flow through the ALDA unit at the injection pump. Although boost pressure exists in the deceleration mode, fuel injection is stopped as a result of the control rod position (deceleration fuel cutoff).

09.10 III - 05017

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09-l 00

Testing turbocharger boost pressure

PO9-0030-59

Tester Pulse

(001) generator

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (021) .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

connect, disconnect. connect, disconnect. connect to measuring point and test boost A pressure. connect to measuring point and test boost B pressure.

Tester (020) with Y distributor Tester (020) with Y distributor

09.10 III - 100/l

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Tester (020) with Y distributor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . connect to measuring point and test boost C pressure. Specification: 0.85-0.95 bar gauge pressure at 4000 rpm full load in drive position . 3 Note This test can be conducted on the dynamometer or on the road. .

If the specified boost pressure is not reached, perform the following checks: Connecting line from boost pressure control valve to compressor housing. Switchover valve of engine overload protection (09-250). White vacuum line and rubber connections. If all components are in working order, replace turbocharger.

Test data Boost pressure at full load in drive position at 3 n = 4000 rpm 0.85-0.95 bar gauge pressure

Special tool

603 589 03 21 00

Commercial tester Digital tester (or tachometer installed in car) e.g. Bosch, MOT 002.01 Sun, DIT 9000 Sun, FMT-101 S/Master 3, Sun, MCM-2110, All-Test 361 O-MB

09 10 III- 10012

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emoval and Installation of turbocharger

P14-0080-57

Vehicle

.............................. . . . . . . . .

drive onto the platform or inspection pit. detach, attach. remove, install (09-400). loosen and detach, attach intake hose (167). remove, install (9 bolts) of which 6 are accessible from above, 3 accessible from below (Figure 4). detach, attach. loosen, tighten. Tightening torque 45 Nm.

Bottom section of noise encapsulation Hose clip (144)

Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................... Partition wall (A) between trap oxidizer and air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vacuum lines red/violet/brown on EGR valve (60) and red/violet/blue on air recirculation valve . . . . Clip (119) on corrugated pipe (61) . . . . . . . . . . .

09.10 III - 15011

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Corrugated pipe (61) ..................... Exhaust gas recirculation valve (60) .......... . . . . . . . remove, install. remove, install. Tightening torque 25 Nm. unbolt, bolt on. Tightening torque 45 Nm. unbolt, bolt on and remove at the same time with trap oxidizer. remove, install. Replace gasket (138 d). detach, attach. remove, install. unbolt, bolt on. Replace seal. unscrew, screw on. loosen, unscrew. remove, install. remove, install.

Trap oxidizer (139) on exhaust manifold Supporting bracket

. . ....... .. . ..... ..... ...........

Charge air connecting line (138 a) Engine breather

........................

Mixing pipe (135) with exhaust gas recirculation valve (60) ............................ Oil feed line (141) of turbocharger (137) Mounting bracket (134) Mounting bracket (177) Nuts (134 a) (from top and bottom) ....... ................... .......... ...................

Turbocharger (137) ......................

Note
The specified tightening torques are reference values.

Removal, installation Note

3 Loosen hose clip (144) from air flow sensor and detach intake hose (167).

09.10 III - 150/2

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4 Remove partition wall (9 bolts), of which A 6 (WAFlO) are accessible from above, 2 (WAF8) and 1 (WAFIO) accessible from below.

5 Detach vacuum lines red/violet/brown on EGR valve and red/violet/blue on air recirculation valve.

6 Loosen clips on corrugated pipe, and B remove corrugated pipe.

Unbolt trap oxidizer from exhaust manifold, remove trap oxidizer and supporting bracket at the same time.
7

Remove charge air connecting line (138 a).

09.10 III - 150 3

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9 Detach engine breather hose.

10 Detach mixing pipe (135) with exhaust gas recirculation valve from cylinder head.

11 Unbolt oil feed line (141) from turbocharger (replace seal). 12 Loosen both mounting brackets (134) on the exhaust manifold and turbocharger. 13 Loosen bolts of exhaust pipe - accessible from above (arrows).

14 Loosen bottom bolt of exhaust flange. 15 Unbolt mounting (177) from alternator flange to turbine housing on both components. 16 Remove turbocharger. 17 Install corrugated pipe with flange onto new turbocharger. 18 Clean sealing surfaces mechanically.

09.10 III - 150/4

..................

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20 Install new trap oxidizer, insert supporting bracket at the same time and install. Tightening torque 45 Nm. 21 Install EGR valve together with corrugated pipe. 22 Install partition panel. 23 Connect vacuum line red/violetbrown to EGR valve and vacuum line red/violetblue to air recirculation valve. 24 Connect intake hose to air flow sensor and tighten hose clip. 25 Install air cleaner complete. 26 Completely reinstall bottom section of noise encapsulation .

09.10 III - 15015

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09-200

Function of engine overload protectiom - Turbodiesel

A pressure switch is installed in the charge air pipe as an overload protection for the mechanical parts of the engine. In the event that the boost pressure rises above 1 .l k 0.15 bar gauge pressure, air is admitted to the ALDA unit through the switchover valve and the fuel quantity is limited to that of a naturally aspirated engine.

54 52 50 48 46 4 4 42 4 0 38 36 34 32 30 28 1200 1600 2000 2400 2600 1 1 1 [/mm;

I
i

3200 3600 4000 4 4 0 0 4800

PO9-0025-13

A B

Naturally aspirated engine quantity (P = 1050 mbar) Full load quantrty with turbocharglng

Location of Components

1 2 3 6 65 103 Y22

Injection pump Governor Fuel pump Stop unit Vacuum COntfOl Valve ALDA unit Actuator

PO7-2430-138

Y30 Switch-over valve, engine overload protection

09.10 III - 200/l

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S66

Switch, engme overload protectlon

Pressure, vacuum diagrams (refer to 07.1-500). Wiring diagrams (refer to 07.1-400).

09.10 III - 2001 2

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09450

Testing engine overload protection - Turbodiesel

137

PO9-0027-59

1 103 110 137 138 S66 Y30

Injection pump ALDA unit Exhaust mantfold Turbocharger Charge air pipe Pressure switch, engine overload protection Switch-over valve, engine overload protectlon

Boost pressure control valve Compressor wheel Control line Air admIssIon Turbine wheel Compressor Inlet (fresh air) Compressor outlet (precompressed air) Exhaust gases to turbine wheel Exhaust outlet

09.10 III - 250/l

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2-pin connector on swrtchover valve (Y30) . . . . . detach and briefly energize with voltage. The switchover valve must audibly actuate; replace if necessary. detach and test for continuity with ohmmeter. The pressure switch (S66) is open in the off position. remove. Connect pressure switch to cable of nozzle tester KDJE-P 400. Connect ohmmeter to pin of pressure switch and to housing. Build up pressure of 1 .l 2 0.15 bar at nozzle tester; the pressure switch must not have any continuity. Replace pressure switch if necessary.

l-pin connector on pressure switch (S66) . . . . . .

Engine overload protection switch (S66) . . . . . . .

Special tools

I201 589 00 99 00

Commercial tester
Digital multimeter Valve tester e.g.Sun, DMM 5 e.g. Bosch, KDJE-P 400 (Bosch Order Designation) e.g. Bosch No. 1687 231 000 e.g.Bosch No. 0684 200 700

Optionally O-6 bar pressure gauge Optionally nozzle tester EFEP 60l-i

09 10111-2502

................

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emoval and installation of air cleaner

A. Standard version and Federal as of 1984

102a
A

Suction line (98) . . . . . Closing catch, 6 off (92) Air cleaner cover (90) . ................... Air cleaner filter element (91) ............... Nut Bolt (95a) .......... ....... . . . . . . . Washer (95b)

installation position. open, close. remove, reinstall. remove, reinstall. remove, reinstall. remove, reinstall. remove, reinstall. remove, reinstall. remove, reinstall. remove, reinstall, ensure proper seating. replace according to condition. remove, reinstall. replace according to condition.

(9%) . . . . . . . . . .

Bracket, 2 off (95) Sealing boot (93)

Air guide housing (94) .

Rubber, 4 off (96) . . . . Intake scoop (102) . . . Pin (102a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

09.10 II - 40011

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Engine 602.91
Air cleaner cover (90) and filter element (91) of revised material.

Production breakpoint: December 1989

201.126

602.911

09.10 II - 40012

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.

Model 201

PO9-0028-57

Air cleaner element (91) Air cleaner cover (90) Air guide housing (94 a) Cup seal (142) Hose strap (144)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

remove, install. Ensure correct position during installation. remove, install. remove, install. remove, install. remove, install. slacken, tighten, remove, install. remove, install. renew according to condition. bolt on, unbolt. remove, install. unclip, clip in place. remove, install. remove, install. remove, install.

.................... ..................

Air guide housing (94) .................... ......................... ....................... ..................

Intake pipe air line (145) Nut(95a)

Stopper (146) .......................... ............................ .................... .......................... ......................... Air flow sensor (B2 1) Wire clip (92) Washer (95 b) Bolt (95 c)

Air cleaner cover (90 a) ................... ............................

09.10 III - 40013

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Repair Instruction
When the engine is running, the fender cover (right) must be removed, otherwise the fresh air intake (arrow) is blocked.

09.10 Ill - 40014