Apply Quality Standard
Apply Quality Standard
Apply Quality Standard
How to Use this Module ....................................................................................... 3 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 4 Technical Terms .................................................................................................. 5 Learning Outcome 1 ............................................................................................ 6 Information Sheet 1.1-1 ...................................................................................... 7 Self-Check 1.1-1 .................................................................................................. 4 Information Sheet 1.2 .......................................................................................... 5 Activity 1.2 .......................................................................................................... 7 Assignment ......................................................................................................... 8 Learning Outcome 2 ............................................................................................ 9 Information Sheet 2.1 ........................................................................................ 10 Self-Check 2.1 .................................................................................................. 14 Activity 2.1 ........................................................................................................ 15 Information Sheet 2.2 ....................................................................................... 16 Self Check 2.2. .................................................................................................. 20 Activity 2.2 ........................................................................................................ 20 Assignment ....................................................................................................... 20 Learning Outcome 3 .......................................................................................... 21 Information Sheet 3.1 ........................................................................................ 22 Self-Check 3.1 ................................................................................................... 29 Activity 3.1 ........................................................................................................ 30 Assignment ....................................................................................................... 30
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Program/ Course: Computer Hardware Servicing NC II Unit of Competency: Apply Quality Standards Module: Applying of Quality Standards
INTRODUCTION:
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on Computer Hardware Servicing. It includes training materials and activities for you to complete. Completion of this module will help you better understand the succeeding module on Computer Hardware Servicing. This module consists of 3 learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities supported by each instruction sheets. Before you perform the instructions read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to as certain to yourself and your teacher that you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome. Upon completion of this module, report to your teacher for assessment to check your achievement of knowledge and skills requirement of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
Refer to assessment criteria of learning outcomes #1-3 of this module.
PRE-REQUISITES:
PC Operation
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TECHNICAL TERMS
Checklist durability Flowchart hardware hazards Histogram hostile ISO OHS help organize data by category enduring; resisting wear describes process in as much detail as possible by graphically displaying the steps in proper sequence refers to the electronic and mechanical components make up a computer system. a risk; danger plots data in a frequency distribution table being an enemy; unfriendly International Standardization Organization Occupational Health and Safety procedures puts data in a hierarchical order which allows the significant problems to be connected first. personal protective equipment essential character nature; degree or grade of excellence shows how two variables are related and is this used to test for cause and effect relationships. as one serving the emblem of a nation; something as accepted as a basis for comparison that
Scatter diagramstandards -
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Program/ Course: Computer Hardware Servicing NC II Unit of Competency: Apply Quality Standards Module: Applying of Quality Standards
Learning Outcome #1: Assess Condition of Received Equipment Assessment Criteria:
1. Work instruction is obtained and work is carried out in accordance with standard operating procedures. 2. Received equipment is checked against workplace standards and specifications. 3. Faulty equipment related to work are identified and isolated. 4. 5. Faults and any identified causes are recorded and/or reported to the concerned person-in-authority in accordance with workplace procedures. 6. Faulty materials are replaced in accordance with workplace standard operating procedures (SOP).
References:
http://www.empf.org/empfasis/aug04/prop.htm http://www.lakeland.cc.il.us/~internal/policymanual/10fiscalaffairs/1026. POL.htm www.gao.gov/new.items/d0871.pdf] www.plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/pubs/nmpmcnl6045.pdf www.cdpr.ca.gov www.freepatentsonline.com
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Characteristic of common materials for increased security is also a great factor in the design and planning process. Evaluation of longevity criteria and assessment of site environmental factors are vital to project planning. Specific knowledge about the project and general common sense must dictate design and material selection. Although many materials can offer enhanced protection, often the most cost-efficient and readily available material that provides reasonable life expectancy for the project must be considered.
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Before planning and designing takes place, you should evaluate the material options and system requirements. Teachers should add several useful reference manuals to their libraries such as installation of hardware, networking, troubleshooting as well as basic PC Operation and Internet for additional information that the students may used in their projects. The characteristic of the materials to be used for specific project must be: of good quality - This is the most important factor when choosing materials to buy. Products with good quality are long-lasting and safe to use because you know that it follows certain standards before being commercialized. reliable - It means that you can be sure that it will perform its function well, will operate safely and will give the best it could give. suitable for the application/purposes - Choose the materials which are very necessary to make the project possible. Making a list of products/materials to buy is a good trait of a wise consumer. Products which are not to be used must be crossed out. low cost - It doesnt mean that you will choose for the less expensive one and exclude the quality. Low cost means you can afford to buy the materials without hurting your pocket and assure of better quality.
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SELF-CHECK 1.1-1
I. Enumerate the following. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering. 1. Give three factors to be considered when choosing the right material? ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 2. Give three characteristic of materials to be used for specific project? ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________
II.
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Test II
Match the packing slip to the items received and ensures that the materials are destined on tour department. - That you are receiving materials indicated on the purchase order regard with its quantity and discount. - That the materials are in acceptable condition. - The terms regarding installation and/or set-up of equipment are met.
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Methodology The teacher will be the assessor. Students will be randomly assigned that will: 1.) act as Quality Checker; 2.) responsible for monitoring and coordinating the checking arrangements and; 3.) must generate reports when receiving the equipments. The Quality checker will record the date of receipt, name of the materials purchased, quantity, official receipt number, signature of the person who bought the materials and signed his name afterwards. The Quality checker will identify if the materials are in good condition or damage and /or needing for replacements. This will also be recorded on his report. Feedback Once the Quality checker has completed all the reports, the assessor will check if the Quality Checker provides all the data needed in the report.
Example of Log Report (to be completed by the Quality checker) Date Received O.R. # Item Name Quantity Signature Quality Checker
Quality Checker: Item Name Total no. in Good Condition Total no. of Errors
Date: Comments
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3. - June 20, 2008 - 10 PS/2 keyboard, 10 Optic mouse, 2 power supply - Received from Allan Rivera (Octagon), OR#12544 - 3 defective keyboard need replacement 4. - June 28, 2008 - 2 CD-Rom drive - Received from Jun Salcedo (PC Chain), OR#20400
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ASSIGNMENT 1.1-1
1. What is workplace procedure? 2. Give five examples of behavior that may affect the quantity of work. 3. Give five examples of behavior that may affect the quality of work.
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Program/ Course: Computer Hardware Servicing NC II Unit of Competency: Apply Quality Standards Module: Applying of Quality Standards
Learning Outcome #2: Assessment Criteria:
Work performance is documented in accordance with workplace procedure. 1. Completed work is checked against workplace standards. 2. Errors are identified and corrected. 3. In case of deviations from specific quality standards causes are documented and reported in accordance with the workplaces standard operating procedures.
References:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_service http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_standard http://www.technet.unsw.edu.au/tohss/swp.htm http://xnet.rrc.mb.ca/healthsafety/safeworkprocedures
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Workplace Procedure is a set of written instructions that identifies the health and safety issues that may arise from the jobs and tasks that make up a system of work. A safe working procedure should be written when:
designing a new job or task changing a job or task introducing new equipment reviewing a procedure when problems have been identified, example from an accident or incident investigation
the tasks that are to be undertaken that pose risks the equipment to be used in these tasks
the control measures that have been formulated for these tasks
any training or qualification needed to undertake the the personal protective equipment to be worn
task
action to be undertaken to address safety issues that may arise while undertaking the task
Following certain procedures is very important to perform a given operation. The table below shows different elements and their corresponding performance criteria to be able to identify occupational health and safety hazards,
and assess risk, as well as follow instructions and procedure in the workplace with minimal supervision. The students will also be capable of participating and contributing to OHS management issues.
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ELEMENT
1. Identify hazards and assess risk.
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
1.1 Identify hazards in the work area and during the performance of workplace duties. 1.2 Assess level of risk 2.1 Report hazards in the work area to designated personnel according to workplace procedures Follow workplace procedures and work instructions for assessing and controlling risks with minimal supervision. Whenever necessary, within the scope of responsibilities and competencies, follow workplace procedures for dealing with hazards and incidents, fire and/or other emergencies. Describe employee rights regarding consultation on OHS matters Raise task and/or job specific OHS issues with appropriate people in accordance with workplace procedures and relevant OHS legislative requirements Contribute to participative arrangement for OHS management in the workplace within organisational procedures and the scope of responsibilities and competencies Provide feedback to supervisor on hazards in work area in line with organisational OHS policies and procedures Provide support in implementing procedures to control risks in accordance with organisational procedures
2.2
2.3
3.1 3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Verbal Written In English In a community language Provided visually eg. video, OHS signs, symbols and other pictorial, presentation, etc. Application of the hierarchy of control, namely: Eliminate the risk Reduce/minimise the risk through Engineering controls Administrative controls Personal protective equipment
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ELEMENT
Reports identifying workplace hazards may be verbal or written and may include:
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
Face to face Phone messages Notes Memos Specially designed report forms Hazards identified Problems encountered in managing risks associated with hazards Clarification on understanding of OHS policies and procedures Communication and consultation processes Follow up on reports and feedback. Effectiveness of risk controls in place Training needs Recommendations on changes to work processes, equipment or practices Listening to the ideas and opinions of others in the team Sharing opinions, views, knowledge and skills Identifying and reporting risks and hazards Using equipment according to guidelines and operating manuals OHS Management Issues
Examples of OHS issues which may need to be raised by workers with designated personnel may include:
Tardiness, absenteeism, leaving without permission Excessive visiting, phone use, break time, use of the Internet Misuse of sick leave
3. 4.
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Inaccuracies, errors Failure to meet expectations for product quality, cost or service Customer/client dissatisfaction Spoilage and/or waste of materials Inappropriate or poor work methods
Work Behavior Which Result in Performance Problems A. Inappropriate behavior (often referred to as "poor attitude")
Negativism, lack of cooperation, hostility Failure or refusal to follow instructions Unwillingness to take responsibility ("passing the
buck")
Insubordination Power games
B. Resistance to change
Unwillingness, refusal or inability to update skills Resistance to policy, procedure, work method changes Lack of flexibility in response to problems
Inappropriate communication style: over-aggressive, passive Impatient, inconsiderate, argumentative Destructive humor, sarcasm, horseplay, fighting Inappropriate conflict with others, customers, co-workers, supervisors
Smoking, eating, drinking in inappropriate places Sleeping on the job Alcohol or drug use Problems with personal hygiene Threatening, hostile, or intimidating behavior
Unit of Competency APPLYING QUALITY STANDARD Page
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SELF-CHECK 1.2-1
I. Write QN if the statement affects the quantity of work and QL if the statement affects the quality of work. Write your answer on the space provided before each number. ______ 1. Poor scheduling of work ______ 2. Failure to meet expectations for product quality, cost or service ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ 3. Customer/client dissatisfaction 4. Preventable accidents 5. Misuse of sick leave 6. Tardiness 7. Slow response to work requests 8. Break time 9. Excessive visiting 10. Spoilage and/or waste of materials
II. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the otherwise is wrong. __________ 1. Poor attitude results in performance problem. __________ 2. A safe working procedure should be written when retrieving old tasks. __________ 3. Preventable accidents may affect the quantity of work. __________ 4. Following certain procedure is very important in performing given operation or to a given event. __________ 5. Safe working procedure should not identify the tasks that are to be undertaken that pose risks. III. What is Workplace Procedure? ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________
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Use a T-Chart to compare and contrast the activities of the student inside the classroom against workplace procedure. Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
Similarities
Difference
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in a product, and the data is used to drive engineering and manufacturing process improvements. B. STATISTICAL CONTROL Many organizations use statistical process control to bring the organization to Six Sigma levels of quality, in other words, so that the likelihood of an unexpected failure is confined to six standard deviations on the normal distribution. Traditional statistical process controls in manufacturing operations usually proceed by randomly sampling and testing a fraction of the output. Variances of critical tolerances are continuously tracked, and manufacturing processes are corrected before bad parts can be produced. C. COMPANY QUALITY The company-wide quality approach places an emphasis on three aspects: 1. Elements such as controls, job management, adequate processes, performance and integrity criteria and identification of records 2. Competence such as knowledge, skills, experience and qualifications 3. Soft elements, such as personnel integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit and quality relationships. The quality of the outputs is at risk if any of these three aspects are deficient in any way. D. TOTAL QUALITY CONTROL Total Quality Control is the most necessary inspection control of all in cases where, despite statistical quality control techniques or quality improvements implemented, sales decrease. As the most important factor had been ignored, a few refinements had to be introduced: 1. Marketing had to carry out their work properly and define the customers specifications. 2. Specifications had to be defined to conform to these requirements. 3. Conformance to specifications i.e. drawings, standards and other relevant documents, were introduced during manufacturing, planning and control. 4. Management had to confirm all operators are equal to the work imposed on them and holidays, celebrations and disputes did not affect any of the quality levels.
Unit of Competency APPLYING QUALITY STANDARD Page
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5. Inspections and tests were carried out, and all components and materials, bought in or otherwise, conformed to the specifications, and the measuring equipment was accurate, this is the responsibility of the QA/QC department. 6. Any complaints received from the customers were satisfactorily dealt with in a timely manner. 7. Feedback from the user/customer is used to review designs. 8. Consistent data recording and assessment and documentation integrity. 9. Product and/or process change management and notification.
To conclude, the above forms are the basis from which the philosophy of Quality Assurance has evolved, and the achievement of quality or the fitness-forpurpose is Quality Awareness throughout the company. 4. Final Product Table 1.2.1 shows the Quality System Elements required by ISO 9000 in the making of the final product.
3 4 5
6 7
Define and document commitment, policy and objectives, responsibility and authority, verification resources and personnel. Appoint a management representative and conduct regular reviews of the system Quality system Establish and maintain a documented quality system ensuring that products conform to specified requirements Contract Review Ensure that customer's contractual requirements are evaluated and met Product Plan, control and verify product development to development ensure that specified requirements are met Document System for control and identification of all documents control regarding quality, e.g. procedures, instructions, and specifications Purchasing Ensure that purchased products conform to specified requirements Product System to identify and control traceability of product identification and at all stages from raw materials through production to traceability the final product as delivered to the customer Process control Ensure and plan the control of production which direct- ly effects quality by documented work instructions, monitoring and control of processes Inspection and Inspect and test incoming products, intermediate and
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testing
10 Inspection, measuring and test equipment 11 Inspection and test status 12 Control of nonconforming products 13 Corrective actions 14 Handling, storage packaging and delivery 15 Quality records
final product; establish product conformance to specified requirements and identify non-conforming pro- ducts; maintain inspection and test records Selection and control of equipment to ensure reliability and accuracy in measuring data For the whole process the products shall be identified and clearly marked concerning test status, including indication of conformance or non-conformance Identification, documentation, evaluation, isolation (if possible) and disposition of non-conforming products Prevention of reoccurrence of failures (nonconformance) Protection of the quality of the product during handling, storage, packaging and delivery Records, including those which demonstrate that the specified requirements have been met, shall be control- led and maintained Regular, planned internal audits shall be carried out, documented and recorded to verify the effectiveness of the quality system Training requirements at all levels shall be identified and the training planned, conducted and recorded Although not required by the ISO 9000 standards, these two points should be given special attention in all food companies
Customer service is a series of activities designed to enhance the level of customers satisfaction that is, the feeling that a product or service has met the customers expectation. Its importance varies by product, industry and customer.
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ASSIGNMENT 1.2-1
When do you say that your work is of good quality? 1. What are quality checking procedures? 2. Give the processes for quality improvement?
Reference:
www.wikipedia.com
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Program/ Course: Computer Hardware Servicing NC II Unit of Competency: Apply Quality Standards Module: Applying Quality Standards
Learning Outcome #3: Validate Ones Work for Quality Improvement
Assessment Criteria:
2. Work is carried out in accordance with process improvement procedure. 3. Performance of operation or quality of product of service is monitored to ensure customer/person-in-authority satisfaction.
Resources:
http://www.paramounthealthcare.com/body.cfm?id=65 http://www.mcrcc.osmre.gov.ph http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk http://www.swce.gov.uk http://deming.eng.clemson.edu/pub/tutorials/qctools/flowm.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_management http://www.empf.org/empfasis/aug04/prop.htm
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Quality supports dependability Dependability supports Speed Speed supports Flexibility Flexibility supports Cost.
In the manufacturing industry it is commonly stated that Quality drives productivity. Improved productivity is a source of greater revenues, employment opportunities and technological advances. The best way to think about quality is in process control. If the process is under control, inspection is not necessary. However, there is one characteristic of modern quality that is universal. In the past, when we tried to improve quality, typically defined as producing fewer defective parts, we did so at the expense of increased cost, increased task time, longer cycle time, etc.
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With development teams of two or three in daily contact and frequently exchanging views and criticisms, detailed, written quality and task-completion checking procedures may be felt to be unnecessary. Procedures still need to be agreed and the results need to be documented. The need to check quality and task completion applies at all stages of the development process but is underlined especially during the prototype validation stages. The importance of documenting checks applies whatever the size of the team and whatever the complexity of the software. In the production of assets, this may involve checking to confirm the following:
that all the asset files listed in the product specification document have been produced; that files are correctly named; that files are the correct byte size or near the projected file size (examining the file-sizes in a directory listing can be helpful in identifying problem files which are either much too large or much too small); that files are the correct resolution (screen-size and bit-depth in the case of graphics; duration, sampling frequency and bit-depth in the case of sound files); that the quality of files displaying on the target monitor or heard on target listening equipment is acceptable.
Note that sampling is seldom a satisfactory checking method. Checking should be exhaustive, unless for reasons of time or economy this is impossible. Usually, however, trying to economize on checking and testing is a false economy and cutting corners here will often come back to haunt the development team. At the end of the day, all files will need to be tested and, if at all possible, this should be done sooner rather than at a later trial stage. Quality Improvement Processes
Manufacturers can choose from a variety of tools to improve their quality processes. The trick is to know which tools to use for each situation and increasing the sophistication of the tools in the repertoire. Easy to implement and follow up, the most commonly used and well-known quality process is the plan/do/check/act (PDCA) cycle (Figure 1). Other processes are a takeoff of this method, much in the way that computers today are takeoffs of the original IBM system. The PDCA cycle promotes continuous improvement and should thus be visualized as a spiral instead of a closed circle.
Unit of Competency APPLYING QUALITY STANDARD Page
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Another popular quality improvement process is the six-step PROFIT model in which the acronym stands for: P = Problem definition. R = Root cause identification and analysis. O = Optimal solution based on root cause(s). F = Finalize how the corrective action will be implemented. I = Implement the plan. T = Track the effectiveness of the implementation and verify that the desired results are met. If the desired results are not met, the cycle is repeated. Both the PDCA and the PROFIT models can be used for problem solving as well as for continuous quality improvement. In companies that follow total quality principles, whichever model is chosen should be used consistently in every department or function in which quality improvement teams are working.
Figure 1. The most common process for quality improvement is the plan/do/check/act cycle outlined above. The cycle promotes continuous improvement and should be thought of as a spiral, not a circle.
Once the basic problem-solving or quality improvement process is understood, the addition of quality tools can make the process proceed more quickly and systematically. Seven simple tools can be used by any professional to ease the quality improvement process: flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, cause and effect diagrams, histograms, scatter diagrams, and control charts. (Some books describe a graph instead of a flowchart as one of the seven tools.) The key to successful problem resolution is the ability to identify the problem, use the appropriate tools based on the nature of the problem, and communicate the solution quickly to others. Inexperienced personnel might do best by starting with the Pareto chart and the cause and effect diagram before tackling the use of the other tools. Those two tools are used most widely by quality improvement teams.
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FLOWCHARTS Flowcharts describe a process in as much detail as possible by graphically displaying the steps in proper sequence. A good flowchart should show all process steps under analysis by the quality improvement team, identify critical process points for control, suggest areas for further improvement, and help explain and solve a problem. Flowcharts can be simple, such as the one featured in Figure 2, or they can be made up of numerous boxes, symbols, and if/then directional steps. In more complex versions, flowcharts indicate the process steps in the appropriate sequence, the conditions in those steps, and the related constraints by using elements such as arrows, yes/no choices, or if/then statements.
Figur e 2. A basic production process flowchart displays several paths a part can travel from the time it hits the receiving dock to final shipping.
CHECK SHEETS Check sheets help organize data by category. They show how many times each particular value occurs, and their information is increasingly helpful as more data are collected. More than 50 observations should be available to be charted for this tool to be really useful. Check sheets minimize clerical work since the operator merely adds a mark to the tally on the prepared sheet rather than writing out a figure (Figure 3). By showing the frequency of a particular defect (e.g., in a molded part) and how often it occurs in a specific location, check sheets help operators spot problems. The check sheet example shows a list of molded part defects on a production line covering a week's time. One can easily see where to set priorities based on results shown on this check sheet. Assuming the production flow is the same on each day, the part with the largest number of defects carries the highest priority for correction.
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Figure 3. Because it clearly organizes data, a check sheet is the easiest way to track information.
PARETO DIAGRAMS
The Pareto diagram is named after Vilfredo Pareto, a 19th-century Italian economist. are caused by 20% of the potential sources. A Pareto diagram puts data in a hierarchical order (Figure 4), which allows the most significant problems to be corrected first. The Pareto analysis technique is used primarily to identify and evaluate nonconformities, although it can summarize all types of data. It is perhaps the diagram most often used in management presentations. To create a Pareto diagram, the operator collects random data, regroups the categories in order of frequency, and creates a bar graph based on the results.
Figur e 4. By rearranging random data, a Pareto diagram identifies and ranks nonconformities in the quality process in descending order.
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Figure 5. Fish bone diagrams display the various possible causes of the final effect. Further analysis can prioritize them.
A fish bone diagram displays all contributing factors and their relationships to the outcome to identify areas where data should be collected and analyzed. The major areas of potential causes are shown as the main bones, Later, the subareas are depicted. Thorough analysis of each cause can eliminate causes one by one, and the most probable root cause can be selected for corrective action. Quantitative information can also be used to prioritize means for improvement, whether it be to machine, design, or operator.
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HISTOGRAMS The histogram plots data in a frequency distribution table. What distinguishes the histogram from a check sheet is that its data are grouped into rows so that the identity of individual values is lost. Commonly used to present quality improvement data, histograms work best with small amounts of data that vary considerably. When used in process capability studies, histograms can display specification limits to show what portion of the data does not meet the specifications.
After the raw data are collected, they are grouped in value and frequency and plotted in a graphical form (Figure 6). A histogram's shape shows the nature of the distribution of the data, as well as central tendency (average) and variability. Specification limits can be used to display the capability of the process.
Figure 6. A histogram is an easy way to see the distribution of the data, its average, and variability.
SCATTER DIAGRAMS
A scatter diagram shows how two variables are related and is thus used to test for cause and effect relationships. It cannot prove that one variable causes the change in the other, only that a relationship exists and how strong it is. In a scatter diagram, the horizontal (x) axis represents the measurement values of one variable, and the vertical (y) axis represents the measurements of the second variable. Figure 7 shows part clearance values on the x-axis and the corresponding quantitative measurement values on the y-axis.
Figure 7. The plotted data points in a scatter diagram show the relationship between two variables.
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CONTROL CHARTS
A control chart displays statistically determined upper and lower limits drawn on either side of a process average. This chart shows if the collected data are within upper and lower limits previously determined through statistical calculations of raw data from earlier trials (Figure 8).
Figure 8. Data points that fall outside the upper and lower control limits leads to investigation and correction of the process.
In preparing a control chart, the mean upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL) of an approved process and its data are calculated. A blank control chart with mean UCL and LCL with no data points is created; data points are added as they are statistically calculated from the raw data.
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SELF-CHECK 1.4-1
I. Define the following. 1. Quality ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 2. Flow Chart ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 3. Check Sheet ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 4. Pareto Diagram ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
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CONDITION Tools 1.
2 3
Good
Defective
Testing devices 1.
2 3
Materials 1.
2 3
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ASSIGNMENT 1.4-1
As a Computer Hardware Servicing student, what tools are appropriate in your industry?
Cut pictures of tools used in Computer Hardware Servicing and be able to identify their functions.
Reference: Mc Laughlin, Robert, Sasser, Susan Ralston, Fix your own PC. Philippines Graphics Arts, Inc., Tandang Sora St., Caloocan City Legaspi, Carlos, Caina, Mark Anthony Operate A Personal Computer. Dasmarinas Computer Learning Center.
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