Cleaner Production
Cleaner Production
Cleaner Production
Prepared by the Institute of Environmental Engineering (APINI) Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Sponsored by UNEP, Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics
What is waste?
There are literally hundreds words for different types of waste:
allowance
BOD broke contaminated solids core loss customer returns damage drainings dust effluent evaporation furnace loss
greenhouse loss
hidden losses leakage non-conforming material overfill packaging process loss rework second quality stock loss washings and etc.
!!!
Waste is waste what ever you call it : take the opportunity to cut waste and increase profits!
for modifying
Products
Processes Efficiency
to enhance
Services
Reduction Of Risks
which improves
Competitive Advantage
12
Properly implemented CP :
always
reduces long-term liabilities which companies can face many years after pollution has been generated or disposed at a given site
Properly implemented CP :
usually
increases profitability lowers production costs enhances productivity provides a rapid return on any capital or operating investments required
increases product yield leads to the more efficient use of energy and raw materials
Properly implemented CP :
usually
(continuation) results in improved product quality increases staff motivation relies on active worker participation in idea generation and implementation reduces consumer risks reduces the risk of environmental accidents is supported by employees, local communities, customers and the public
Properly implemented CP :
often
avoids regulatory compliance costs leads to insurance savings provides enhanced access to capital from financial institutions and lenders is fast and easy to implement requires little capital investment
Increasing productivity
CP barriers
Internal to the companies:
Lack
of information and expertise Low environmental awareness Competing business priorities, in particular, the pressure for a short term profits Financial obstacles Lack of communication in firms Middle management inertia Labour force obstacles
CP barriers
External to the companies:
- Soft loans from Financial institutions Community involvement International trade incentives
CP attacks the problem at several levels at once, introduction of a industry/plant level program requires
- the commitment of top management - a systematic approach to CP in all aspects of the production processes
CP management system
Marketing Top management commitment Pre-assessment CP policy declaration
Start CP project Top Management reviews Final report Measure progress Project implementation Assessment report Project organisation
+
Cash flow Financial position Management Adequacy of security Loan structure Sectoral outlook Competitiveness
Appraisal
+
Screening Appraisal Preventive Risk management Monitoring
+(-)
+(-) Agreement
If CP project is presented to financial institution, it should be clear that company already undertook voluntary actions aimed at:
rationalising the use of raw materials, water and energy inputs, reducing the loss of valuable material inputs and therefore reducing operational costs reducing the volume and/or toxicity of waste, wastewater and emissions related to production improving working conditions and occupational safety in a company making organisational improvements improving environmental performance by the implementation of no-cost and low-cost measures from the companys funds reusing and/or recycling the maximum of primary inputs and packaging materials
Effluent treatment, incineration, and waste recycling outside the production process are not regarded as CP
Broader Aplication of CP
CP is closely linked to:
Environmental Management Systems Total Quality Management Health and Safety Management
Government Agenda
Sustainable development
Business Agenda
EHS Auditing
ICC Charter
EMS
Time
!!!
CP is a journey not a destination
An understanding of the business value to be gained from efficient use of natural resources is an important first step toward sustainability: toward building a world in which resources are managed to meet the needs of all people now and in the future.
(J. Lash, President of J. Lash the World Resources Institute)
CenDES
Centre for Business Sustainable Development
Recent, on-going and planned onCleaner Production and EcoEcoefficiency Projects in Portugal
BENEFITS Financial results annual savings > 128 250 investment = 1 030 137 Environmental benefits annual savings > 175 000 (4 options) wastewater discharge = 114 000 m3/year sludge produced = 500 t/year other wastes > 7 t/year water consumption = 89 000 m3/year CO2 emissions = 550 t/year
5% 35 %
30 - 35 months 0 - 6 months Off-site recycling In-site recycling
15 %
Good housekeeping
50 %
25 %
45 %
6 - 30 months Source reduction
25 %
ABB/ M s e t, S.A. ( M e t a l W o r k i n g)
BENEFITS Financial results annual savings = 69 000 investment = 71 000 Environmental benefits reduction of energy consumption = 88,4 tep/year water consumption = 1 000 m3/year raw materials cons.> 12 000 kg/year reduction of the generation of hazardous waste > 3 000 kg/year wastewater = 1 000 m3/year
ABB/ M s e t, S.A. ( M e t a l W o r k i n g)
4%
Pay-back time
0 1 year Off-site recycling
12 %
Substituio de materiais
6% 42 %
Good housekeeping
42 %
Product modification
1 3 years
94 %
P A R M A L A T P o r t u g a l , S.A. ( D a i r y P r o d u c t s )
BENEFITS Financial results annual savings: 470 000 investments = 145 000 Environmental benefits reduction of: water consumption 4,0 m3/m3 milk proc. wastewater discharge 2,46 m3 effluent/m3 milk proc. energy consumption 316 tep/year production increase of: 1,25 M liter of milk proc. social benefits workers health risks reduction noise and workplace contaminants (4 options) more environmental trained people seminars and training courses improvement of companys public image donations to charity institutions attitudes changing towards Sustainable Development catalyst to change
P A R M A L A T P o r t u g a l , S.A. ( D a i r y P r o d u c t s )
Pay-back time
0 1 years
Immediate
40 %
20%
26 %
Process Modification
5%
Materials Substitution
16 %
In-site recycling
53 %
Good housekeeping
20 %
20 %
RIETER, L d a (C a r C o m p o n e n t s )
BENEFITS Financial results annual savings > 65 000 investment = 207 000 Environmental benefits reduction of: environmental noise = 5-10 dB energy consumption water consumption > 35 200 m3/year elimination of SO2 e Ni emissions to air reuse of CO2 > 115 800 kg/year
RIETER, L d a (C a r C o m p o n e n t s )
4% 36 %
Immediate 1 3 years Process Modification Materials Substitution
44 %
Good housekeeping
18 %
9%
12 %
0 1 year In-site recycling > 3 years
4%
Off-site recycling
9%
64 %
BENEFITS
Financial results
annual savings > 255 000 Investment = 110 000 Environmental benefits reduction of: wastewater = 26 700 m3/year toxic materials dispersion = 91 t/year energy intensity = 2% materials consumption = 92 t/year water consumption = 26 700 m3/year
29 %
1 3 years
15 %
0 1 year
Process Modification
48 %
Good housekeeping
35 % 3%
Materials Substitution
16 %
In-site recycling
1%
Process Modification
35 %
15%
3%
Off-site recycling
R E F R I G E , S . A . ( B e v e r a g e s)
BENEFITS
Financial results annual savings > 65 000 investment = 405 000 Environmental benefits reduction of: environmental noise = 5-10 dB energy consumption water consumption > 35 200 m3/year elimination of SO2 e Ni emissions to air reuse of CO2 > 115 800 kg/year
R E F R I G E , S . A . ( B e v e r a g e s)
13 % 11%
Off-site recycling Process Modification
13 %
In-site recycling
8%
Materials Substitution
55%
Good housekeeping
O n - going Projects
Partners: INETI/CENDES, AERLIS (Business Association), General Directorate of Industry, Torres Vedras Municipality
Objective: to contribute to sustainability at local level focusing on cleaner production projects implementation in companies (micro economic level) and involving the main stakeholders (meso economic level).
Funding: POE/FSE
Duration: 15 months
Objective: to contribute to sustainable business development in the glass region of Marinha Grande, through the implementation of cleaner production strategies in companies.
Funding: POE/FSE
Duration: 15 months
Cooperation: Setbal Municipality, Quercus (Environmental NGO), Arrbida Natural Park, Sado Estuary Natural Reserve Institutional support: DGI (General Directorat of Industry)
Duration: 2 years
Partners: INETI/CENDES, General Directorate of Industry, AIDA, AIA, ABIMOTA and APIFER (Business Associations), IST and UA (Universities).
Objective: To support the implementation of cleaner production strategies in companies located in Aveiro as a contribution to regional sustainable development.
Funding: POE/FSE
Duration: 2 years
Objectives: To promote the stakeholders dialogue as a mean for companies ecoefficiency improvement; Stimulate the companies to adopt and implement eco-efficiency as a leading business concept; Reinforce business competitiveness;
Funding: POE/FSE
Duration: 27 months