Development of Pipeline Integrity Management System (PIMS) - Asle Venas - tcm144-482444

Case Study: Development of Pipeline Integrity Management System (PIMS)
Onshore Upstream & Downstream Pipelines

Yee Chin Tang, Elizabeth Hillier and Asle Venas Poland, 02. Dec. 2011
Contents
Background Objective and Scope of Work PIMS Structure PIMS Process Organisation Technical manuals Core work processes Integrity manuals Conclusions key benefits
Case Study: Development of Pipeline Integrity Management System (PIMS) Dec 2011 Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved. 2
Background
Asset scope:
12 crude oil gathering flowlines from field to central pump station (~500km) >1500km long, 28 oil diameter export line Short sections of subsea pipeline for tanker loading Marine terminal & storage tanks
Pipelines pass through various terrains, population densities, environmentally sensitive areas and utilities facilities. Multiple failures experienced historically:
- External corrosion at field joints - 3rd Party Damage - etc.
No systematic Pipeline Integrity Management System in place and inspection & maintenance activities had been led by service provider.
Upstream & Downstream are two entities and operated separately
DNV Objective and Scope of Work

Objectives:
- Establish Asset Integrity Management System (AIMS) and Pipeline Integrity Management System (PIMS) - Harmonize & Integrate integrity processes - Establish Roles & Responsibilities - Establish Continuous Improvement Systems - Establish Strategies for Mitigation, Monitoring and Inspection
Scope of Work (Pipeline only):

- Develop a PIMS - Develop technical manuals (corrosion protection, in-line inspection, defect assessment & repair) - Develop risk assessment & risk based inspection (RBI) methodology - Provide SilverPipe as Integrity Management Software Tool - Perform the initial baseline risk assessment and produce inspection & monitoring routines - Provide PIMS implementation training to the integrity responsible persons
PIMS Structure
Core to the developed system are:

Identified Responsible-Accountable-Consulted-Informed People for each activity Identified key Controlled Documents Clear Integrity Process Flow and Key Activities Managing the flow of controlled documents and information through the system Keep things as simple and live as possible
The Integrity Management (IM) System

Surrounding Facility Systems
The Core
Tuesday, 02 February 2010 Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved. 6
Integrity Management (IM) Process

IM-Process in a life cycle perspective:
Pipeline integrity is
Established during the concept, design and construction phases. Transferred from the development phase to the operations phase. This interface involves transfer of vital data and information about the system. Maintained in the operations phase.
Risk assessment and IM Planning

A) Equipment scope B) Identify threats
Risk assessment and IM Planning main tasks and link to code requirements:
C) Data gathering
D) Data quality review No
Define equipment/item scope ( i.e. all equipment/item that can lead to a failure) For each equipment/item, identify all threats which can lead to a failure
No No
Yes
Data OK?
F) Estimate CoF
E) Estimate PoF
H) Mitigation
G) Risk = PoF x CoF
Yes
Risk OK
No
I) All equip./threats considered?
For each threat; estimate risk - Consequence of failure (CoF) - Probability of failure (PoF) Propose plans for: - Inspection, monitoring and testing (IMT) - Mitigation, intervention and repair (MIR) - Integrity assessment (IA)
Yes J) Aggregated risk
Risk OK
No
Yes K) IM Planning
Integrity Assessment
Overview of damages/anomalies vs. assessment codes
Flow diagram illustrating the different activities the integrity assessment process consists of
Risk What is it?

Risk (R) can be defined as a combination of
- Probability of failure (P) - Consequence of failure (C)
Risk R~PC
EXAMPLE
Integrity Organisation Structure
Integrity tasks roles & responsibilities were defined as per the RACI concept
Responsible Accountable Consulted Informed
Technical Manuals
Pipeline Manuals Corrosion Protection Manuals In-line inspection Manuals Defect Assessment & Repair Manuals
Structure of Manuals:
Objectives and Scope Boundaries Relationship to Integrity System Technical Premise Review of Industry Best Practice COMPANY Operational Requirements & Assessment Techniques Conclusion on keeping the system live
Map of Integrity Documentation

Integrity Philosophy [AIMS Manual] Integrity Strategy [AIMS Manual]
Operating Procedures
Independent Audit
[Audit Manual]
Asset Integrity Management System

[AIMS Manual]
Risk Assessment
[Technical Manuals]
Risk Based Management

[Technical Manual]
Repairs & Modifications

[Defect & Repair Manual]
Threat Evaluation [ Technical Manuals] 3rd Party Impact Corrosion

Physical Environment Operational Error Design / As-Built Flaw
Visual Inspection Technical Assessment

[Defect & Repair Manual] [Corrosion Protection Manual] [Technical Manuals]
Corrosion Inspection
[Corrosion Protection Manual]
[Technical Manuals]
Process Monitoring
[Corrosion Protection Manual] [Technical Manuals]
In-Line Inspection
[In-Line Inspection Manual]
Offshore/River Inspection
[Pipeline Technical Manuals]
Corrosion Protection Manual: External Corrosion Mitigation & Inspection Activities
Detailed in the Referenced Sections
Corrosion Protection Manual : Internal Corrosion Mitigation & Inspection Activities
Example: Monitoring (Internal Corrosion)

Work Processes
Monitoring (Internal Corrosion)
Best Practice/ COMPANY Requirements

Industry Best Practice Internal pipeline corrosion is typically monitored in the industry by the use of one or a combination of the following techniques; - Direct Monitoring - Indirect Monitoring COMPANY Requirements (Design/Operational) The activities below are required to be done by the COMPANY responsible person as instructed by the manual. Direct Monitoring The use and installation of direct monitoring devices should be considered during original pipeline design or where installation of a retrofit is considered necessary to monitor areas of interest. This Indirect Monitoring Product samples should be taken regularly and analysed by a qualified chemist to determine the concentrations of significant corrosive constituents in the products.
In-Line Inspection Manual: Inline Inspection Programme Pre Assessment
Process Step
Key Actions Determining Objectives Inline Inspection Goals and
System Selection
Determining Physical & operational characteristic e.g. pipe design, type of fluid Collection of ILI tool specification e.g operational limitation, historical success rate of survey technique
Defect Assessment & Repair Manual : Pipeline Defect Assessment
Integrity Manuals
Risk Assessment Manual
- Structure 1. Objectives and Scope Boundaries 2. Relationship to Integrity System 3. Risk Assessment 4. COMPANY Risk Assessment Process 5. Baseline Risk Assessment Results
Inspection & Monitoring Routine User Manual

- Structure 1. Objectives and Scope Boundaries 2. Relationship to Integrity System 3. Integrity Actions Planning 4. User Guide To COMPANY Integrity Actions Planning
Risk Management Risk Assessment

A Risk Assessment is a structured process through which all the credible Threats to the pipeline are examined and a consistent evaluation of the Risk of the associated Failure Event is completed. Once a consistent Risk Level is evaluated for the pipeline asset, the decision has to be made as to what to do to manage the risk.
Risk Assessment is a Decision Support Tool
Risk Assessment
Risk Based Decision
Integrity Programme
Threat Evaluation
3rd Party Impact
Description The threat of 3rd party accidental or deliberate impact on the pipeline is an event-based scenario. This means that there is a large uncertainty in predicting occurrence with time Sources Construction Vandalism Transport link Anchor Ship Sinking Fishing Mitigations Depth of Burial Physical barriers Visibility and maintenance of the Pipeline RightOf-Way (ROW) Public Awareness Regular Surveys
Corrosion
Description Buried and submerged pipelines are exposed to both internal and external corrosive environments.
Physical Environment
Description The pipeline should be adequately designed to meet the requirements of the operating environment. The operating environment implies both internal flow regime and external physical environment. Sources Storm Fire Seismic Subsidence Landslide Hydrodynamic (offshore) Mitigations Depth of Burial Physical barriers Maintenance of the Pipeline Right-OfWay Proper Design
As-Built Flaws
Description Design and Manufacturing flaws may be flaws in the fabrication of the steel itself, out of specification material properties, a flaw in the construction process or it may be a problem in the coating or CP system. Sources Seam Weld (fabrication) Coating / CP (fabrication) Out-of-Spec Material Girth Weld (construction) Dents / Gouges (construction) Mitigations Fabrication Specifications Construction Specifications Independent Verification Independent Audit Pressure Hydrotest
Improper Operation
Description Operational misuse arises as a failure event through incorrect operating procedures or a failure to follow the correct procedure by company personnel. Sources Operator Error Incorrect Procedures Poor Management of Change Insufficient Training & Competence Mitigations Robust operating procedures Adequate training and employment selection Independent Audit
Sources CO2 H2S MIC General External Hydrogen Cracking Process Related Mitigations Internal Process Control Corrosion Inhibition Regular Cleaning Pigging External Cathodic Protection Coating
Probability Assessment- PoF Assessment Sheet

Risk Model Combines Matrix Model with Indexing Model Uses COMPANY Corporate Risk Matrix Index Model used to provide consistency of assessment Uses quantitative input data to arrive at a semiquantitative risk assessment Index Scores are not explicitly linked to Risk Level to preserve Engineering Control
Consequence Determination
Sectioning based on
- High Consequence Area (HCA) - Terrain Type - Highly Sensitive Areas
Highest CoF for section prevails

HCA Category Cat 1 <= 46 buildings within 1 mile Cat 2 >46, <100 buildings within 1 mile Cat 3 >100 buildings within 1 mile Cat 4 Where multi-story buildings are prevalent, heavy/dense traffic, numerous utility underground Consequence Score 1 2 3 4 Terrain Type Desert Grassland Mountains Consequence Score 1 2 2 Highly Sensitive Areas CoF = 4
A waterway where commercial navigation exist

High Polulation Area >50,000 people or >1000 people per square mile Unusually Sensitive area, i.e. drinking water source, treatment plants, area containing endangered species, area close to other pipelines, power lines etc.
Farmland
Wetland Forest/Jungle Urban Areas Rivers Lakes/Sea
3
4 4 4 5 5
Risk Matrix
5 4 3 2 1 Consequence/ Likelihood Major Major Moderate Minor Minor 1 Major Major Moderate Moderate Minor 2 Severe Severe Major Moderate Moderate 3 Catastrophic Severe Severe Major Major 4 Catastrophic Catastrophic Severe Major Major 5
Risk Assessment Process Flow
Baseline Risk Assessment in SilverPipe Risk Summary
Aggregated Risk presented in Section 5 28 Main Pipeline

Inspection & Monitoring Routine User Manual

Risk Category Integrity Action Repair options to be considered as an immediate requirement, with mobilisation of repair team as soon as practically possible (within 1 month). Inspection team to be on site to monitor development of threat on a very frequent basis, as appropriate. Evaluation and Justification to be clearly presented as to why the line can continue to operate. Mitigation options to be considered in addition to increasing the inspection and monitoring requirements. Where detected as a Hotspot, consideration for further inspection using detailed investigation to be completed as soon as practically possible, where repair or mitigation is not completed. Evaluation to be completed as to whether line can continue to operate during inspection. A change to the Inspection and Monitoring Routine frequency, to increase the inspection and monitoring requirements for the pipeline is required. Sources of mitigation should be identified and applied where practicable to reduce the risk to Moderate. Where detected as a Hotspot, consideration should be given to for further inspection using detailed investigation to be completed as soon as practically possible. Evaluation to be completed as to whether line can continue to operate during inspection, although anticipated that line can continue to operate. Change to scheduled Inspection and Monitoring Routine should be made, to monitor the Hotspot area with an increased frequency for two further inspection cycles, if repair or mitigation is not deemed appropriate to ensure risk development does not continue. Risks are generally understood and adequately characterised by the current inspection and monitoring routine. No anticipated change in the Inspection and Monitoring Routine. No reduction in Inspection and Monitoring Routine is deemed appropriate. Where detected as a Hotspot, consideration should be given to an increase in inspection and monitoring efforts in this area for a single cycle of inspection to ensure that Hotspot area does not develop. Where practicable, sources of mitigation may be employed to reduce the risk to a Minor category. Generally the Inspection and Monitoring Routine is deemed more than adequate to characterise the risk to the pipeline system. Where multiple integrity cycles have been seen to demonstrate a consistent minor risk rating, consideration can be made to reduce the Inspection and Monitoring requirements for the system. Where detected as a Hotspot, generally a Minor risk will not require any further mitigating actions or examination. Hotspot can be closed and logged as Event on the pipeline within SilverPipe.
Risk-Based Inspection Method Integrity Action based on Risk Category

5 4 3 2 1 Consequence/ Likelihood Major Major Moderate Minor Minor 1 Major Major Moderate Moderate Minor 2 Severe Severe Major Moderate Moderate 3 Catastrophic Severe Severe Major Major 4 Catastrophic Catastrophic Severe Major Major 5
Catastrophic
Severe
Major
Moderate
Minor
Example Inspection & Monitoring for Corrosion Threat (1)

Inspection Type ILI (Refer to Doc 2.1, In-lineinspection manual for operational requirement and assessment technique) Threats Covered Internal/ External Corrosion/ Manufacturi ng Flaws Risk Category N/A General Notes Frequency Comments ILI is the most preferable method. Consideration should be given to make pipeline piggable. Unpiggable pipelines, use Direct Inspection Repairs to be completed within 1 month or as soon as practically possible. Evaluation and Justification to be clearly presented as to why the pipeline can continue to operate at current existing operational parameters. Or inspection interval of half of remaining life whichever is smaller. Verification Digs as per ILI manual. Or inspection interval determined through A.8.5 of the Corrosion Protection Manual (Doc.2.6) Verification Digs as per ILI manual. Verification Digs as per ILI manual. Verification Digs as per ILI manual.
Catastrophic
Maximum inspection intervals to be determined based on the degradation rates and/ or condition assessment
Severe
2 yearly
Major Moderate Minor
4 yearly 6 yearly 12 yearly
ILI can also detect DFI flaws
Inspection & Monitoring for Corrosion Threat (cont)

Direct Inspection Internal/ External Corrosion As alternative / to ILI for Manufact non-piggable uring pipeline,or Flaws verification of ILI results Gauge and UT measurement Severe 2 yearly For locations susceptible to internal corrosion, same locations are to be inspected again during future inspection. For locations susceptible to external corrosion, locations have not been inspected are to be identified and selected for future inspection Or inspection interval of half of remaining life as minimum. At least 10 locations (length dependent) covering sample of low points, welded joints, areas susceptible to stray current interference, etc. Major 4 yearly For locations susceptible to internal corrosion, same locations are to be inspected again during future inspections to determine the degradation rates. For locations susceptible to external corrosion, locations have not been inspected are to be identified and selected for future inspection At least 5 locations (length dependent) covering sample of low points, welded joints, areas susceptible to stray current interference, etc. Moderate 6 yearly For locations susceptible to internal corrosion, same locations are to be inspected again during future inspections to determine degradation rates. For locations susceptible to external corrosion, locations have not been inspected are to be identified and selected for future inspection At least 5 locations (length dependent) covering sample of low points, welded joints, areas susceptible to stray current interference. For locations susceptible to internal corrosion, same locations are to be inspected again during future inspection. Minor 12 yearly For locations susceptible to external corrosion, locations have not been inspected are to be identified and selected for future inspection All General Notes Annual Minimum of 2 digs. For verification digs after an ILI run, please refer to the Corrosion Protection Manual (Doc.2.6). Direct inspection can be time consuming and costly. For non-piggable pipeline (alternative to ILI), please follow the followings as [er rosl: Repairs to be completed within 1 month or as soon as practically possible. Evaluation and Justification to be clearly presented as to why the line can continue to operate. Make line piggable as soon as practically possible. Or inspection interval of half of remaining life as minimum. At least 10 locations (length dependent) covering sample of low points, welded joints, areas susceptible to stray current interference, etc.
Catastrophic
Inspection & Monitoring User Manual Key Performance Indicators

Purpose: To ensure that the integrity management system remains relevant, efficient, and up-to date at all times, its performance will be monitored and assessed on a regular basis. KPIs are performance measure aimed at all aspects of the integrity management process. Characteristics:
Measurement of Plan vs Actual Indication of effectiveness of preventive measure Leading & Lagging Monitor Monthly, quarter, yearly
KPIs Example Corrosion (1 of 5)

Threat Leading/ Lagging Performance Compliance with Excellent inspection plans Fair (Including ILI, direct inspection, all CP Below Average inspections, CVI for flanges & fittings) Poor ILI Excellent Data collection Fair Below Average Poor Not Required ILI results compare with Excellent verification digs Fair Measurement scoring guidance 95% completed on time 80% completed within 1 month of due date 80% completed on time for inspection with interval of 2 weeks or less 60% completed within 1 month of due date 60% completed on time for inspection with interval of 2 weeks or less 60% completed 100% data collected >80% data collected Between 50-80% of data collected <50% data collected This KPI is not required to be measured during the months where ILI is not carried out. All verification dig completed and ILI and verification dig results within 10% of each other. All verification dig completed and ILI and verification dig results within 20% of each other. All verification dig completed and ILI and verification dig results >20% of each other. No verification dig completed or No match between ILI results and verification digs This KPI is not required to be measured during the months where ILI is not carried out.
Remarks
Corrosion
Corrosion
Leading
Leading
Leading
Below Average
Poor
Not Required
Sample IMR 1
(Inspection/Maintenace Routine work sheet)
Title
Responsible Person & Validity

Pipeline Details and Safe Operating Limits
Pipeline Sketch
Risk Profile & Summary
Sample IMR 2 Inspection
Sample IMR 3 Monitoring
Conclusions Key benefits

Developed an integrity philosophy designed to meet regulatory and corporate integrity requirements. Highlighted the important a series of controlled documents required to present an auditable and controlled integrity process
A fit-for-purpose integrity organization, including defined roles and responsibilities, to deliver the requirements of the integrity philosophy
Developed core working processes which are required to meet the integrity objectives set out in the company integrity philosophy.
Safeguarding life, property and the environment

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Case Study: Development of Pipeline Integrity Management System (PIMS)

Onshore Upstream & Downstream Pipelines

Upstream & Downstream are two entities and operated separately

DNV Objective and Scope of Work

Scope of Work (Pipeline only):

Core to the developed system are:

The Integrity Management (IM) System

Integrity Management (IM) Process

Risk assessment and IM Planning

D) Data quality review No

G) Risk = PoF x CoF

I) All equip./threats considered?

Yes J) Aggregated risk

Risk What is it?

Integrity Organisation Structure

Map of Integrity Documentation

Asset Integrity Management System

Risk Based Management

Repairs & Modifications

Threat Evaluation [ Technical Manuals] 3rd Party Impact Corrosion

Visual Inspection Technical Assessment

Corrosion Protection Manual: External Corrosion Mitigation & Inspection Activities

Detailed in the Referenced Sections

Corrosion Protection Manual : Internal Corrosion Mitigation & Inspection Activities

Example: Monitoring (Internal Corrosion)

Best Practice/ COMPANY Requirements

In-Line Inspection Manual: Inline Inspection Programme Pre Assessment

Key Actions Determining Objectives Inline Inspection Goals and

Defect Assessment & Repair Manual : Pipeline Defect Assessment

Inspection & Monitoring Routine User Manual

Risk Management Risk Assessment

Risk Assessment is a Decision Support Tool

Risk Based Decision

Probability Assessment- PoF Assessment Sheet

Highest CoF for section prevails

A waterway where commercial navigation exist

Risk Assessment Process Flow

Baseline Risk Assessment in SilverPipe Risk Summary

Aggregated Risk presented in Section 5 28 Main Pipeline

Inspection & Monitoring Routine User Manual

Risk-Based Inspection Method Integrity Action based on Risk Category

Example Inspection & Monitoring for Corrosion Threat (1)

Major Moderate Minor

4 yearly 6 yearly 12 yearly

ILI can also detect DFI flaws

Inspection & Monitoring for Corrosion Threat (cont)

Inspection & Monitoring User Manual Key Performance Indicators

KPIs Example Corrosion (1 of 5)

Responsible Person & Validity

Risk Profile & Summary

Sample IMR 2 Inspection

Sample IMR 3 Monitoring

Conclusions Key benefits

Safeguarding life, property and the environment

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