German For Beginners, Basic German

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The key takeaways are that the German course consists of 7 lessons that aim to teach 70% of basic German grammar in around 3.5 hours total. Learning with both the audio lessons and workbook while doing exercises is recommended for effective learning.

The German course consists of 7 lessons that each take about 30 minutes to complete, for a total of around 3.5 hours. Each lesson covers certain grammar topics and includes exercises to practice.

It is recommended to download and listen to the audio lesson first before reading the workbook to learn pronunciation correctly. Doing all exercises after each lesson and using both the audio and workbook is important to avoid incorrect learning. The teacher's skills and student willingness both impact efficiency.

Olena Shypilova

English edition by Yuriy Bereza

German for beginners in 7 lessons


Study course

2012

Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

German for beginners in 7 Lessons


Thank you for choosing and joining our on-line German course. The course consists of 7 lessons. Due to these 7 lessons you will understand that German can be a very simple language to learn if the study is organized the right way. You havent to invest years into studying German in language courses or at universities. You can do it here quickly and efficiently. You should know that the efficiency of any study depends generally on the teacher skills to 80% and on the willingness of the student only to 20%. Our site is dedicated to introduction of teaching methodology we have developed. You wouldnt believe its possible to learn any language in such a short period of time? Try out and get surprised! The course is composed to explain 70% of German grammar, using words, phrases and idioms you will need for your everydays communication. One condition: to avoid the failure that your study becomes one another light-minded attempt to learn something new, you should use both audio-lessons and your workbook as well as do all exercises given after each lesson. Taking a new lesson, you should download the audio-lesson first and only afterwards you can start learning with your workbook. Otherwise, you risk learning pronunciation of sounds, words and phrases incorrectly, and thus, you wont be able to speak and to be understood by your communication partner. In audio-lessons some aspects are considered which might not be considered in the text-version of the course. One lesson will take you about 30 minutes of your time. The total course duration amounts to 3.5 hours. We guarantee you that after this course you will have the most important knowledge of German enough for basic communication. Youll be able to chat with your German friends in Skype, read German books (certainly, consulting a dictionary), understand YouTube-clips in German and use German web-sites. Furthermore, youll be one who knows a foreign language more. If you are not ready to spend 3.5 hours or 3 weeks of your life for this course, dont ever intend to start it!

Olena Shypilova and eustudy.ru team

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Contents
Lesson 1. Pronounces and verbs. Numerals........................................................................................ 4 Exercise 1.......................................................................................................................................... 6 Exercise 2.......................................................................................................................................... 6 Exercise 3. Verb sein (to be)............................................................................................................. 7 Lesson 2. Questions. ............................................................................................................................ 9 Exercise 1. Ask questions. .............................................................................................................. 10 Exercise 2........................................................................................................................................ 10 Exercise 3........................................................................................................................................ 10 Exercise 4........................................................................................................................................ 12 Exercise 5. Ask questions to marked words. .................................................................................. 13 Additional materials on the topic ..................................................................................................... 14 Lesson 3. Modal verbs........................................................................................................................ 15 Exercise 1. Put verbs into correct form. .......................................................................................... 18 Exercise 2........................................................................................................................................ 19 Exercise 3. Put appropriate modal verbs into blank spaces. .......................................................... 20 Additional materials on the topic ..................................................................................................... 21 Lesson 4. Subordinate clause. ........................................................................................................... 22 Exercise 1. Weil or Damit?.............................................................................................................. 24 Exercise 2. Weil or Damit?.............................................................................................................. 24 Additional materials on the topic ..................................................................................................... 26 Lesson 5. Akkusativ. ........................................................................................................................... 27 Exercise 1. Verb haben (to have).................................................................................................... 29 Exercise 2. Put articles to marked words (Nominativ or Akkusativ)................................................ 30 Exercise 3. Put into correct form. .................................................................................................... 30 Additional materials on the topic ..................................................................................................... 31 Lesson 6. Dativ. .................................................................................................................................. 32 Exercise 1. Put words in brackets into correct case (Nominativ, Akkusativ or Dativ)..................... 33 Exercise 2. Position or direction? Wo or Wohin?............................................................................ 34 Lesson 7. Past Tense. ........................................................................................................................ 35 Exercise 1. Write sentences using the Past Tense Perfekt. ........................................................ 36 Exercise 2. Write sentences using the Past Tense Perfekt. ........................................................ 37 Additional information...................................................................................................................... 38

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lesson 1. Pronounces and verbs. Numerals.


Before you start, download audio lesson with extended explanation: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/Unterricht1_voll.mp3

After this lesson youll be able: 1. to tell what is your name, what you do (study, work or are retired), where you live, how old you are; 2. to use the most common phrases the Germans use everyday. There are following pronouns in German:

Pronouns I you (to your friend, relative or fellow) he she It we you (to your friends, relatives or fellows, e.g. Hey, you two!) Sie you (to your boss(es), unacquainted or much elder person(s); polite speech); sie they ich du er sie es wir ihr

Iron rule of German: All German verbs always consist of stem plus ending -en or just -n:

wohnen (to live, esp. to have a residence somewhere) denken (to think) heien (to have name, to be named, to be called) lernen (to learn) studieren (to study) verdienen (to earn, to deserve) arbeiten (to work) kommen (to come) sprechen (to speak) speichern (to save: information, files, goods etc.)

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

To put a verb into correct form, e.g. the verb to live wohnen, and to say correctly: he lives, and not just: he live, you should take away the -en-ending and add the correct ending to the stem, depending on the pronoun you want to combine the verb with: Ich wohn+e I live Du wohn+st You live (ONE person: friend, relative or fellow) Er, sie, es wohn+t He, she, it lives Wir wohn+en We live Ihr wohn+t You live (MULTIPLE persons: friends, relatives or fellows) Sie, sie wohn+en You live (polite speech to ONE/MULTIPLE person(s): boss(es), unacquainted or much elder person(s)), they live Wohnen Ich wohn+e Du wohn+st Er, sie, es wohn+t Wir wohn+en Ihr wohn+t Sie, sie wohn+en Lets consider the often used verb to think denken: Ich denk+e I think Du denk+st You think Er, sie, es denk+t He, she, it thinks Wir denk+en We think Ihr denk+t You think Sie, sie denk+en You, they think Verb heien to have name, to be named, to be called (the letter is read like s). Without this verb youll be able neither to introduce yourself nor to ask somebody about his name or the name of any object or action (How is it called if I make signs with a pen in my notebook? Its called to write. Wie heit es, wenn ich in meinem Helf Zeichen mit einem Kugelschreiber mache? Das (Es) heit schreiben.) So, as you see, its a rather important verb. This verb is conjugated NOT according to the general rule, but for now, it would be enough if you just keep in your mind its conjugation. Ich heie My name is Du heit Your name is Er,sie,es heit His, her, its name is Wir heien Our names are
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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Ihr heit Your names are Sie,sie heien Your name(s) is (are), their names are Iron rule of German: VERB is always on the second place in the sentence!

Exercise 1
1. Ich hei 2. Ich lern 3. Ich wohn 4. Ich studier 5. Ich verdien 6. Aber ich arbeit Peter. (heien to have name, to be named, to be called) Deutsch. (lernen to learn) in Moskau. (wohnen to live; in Moskau in Moscow) nicht. (studieren to study, nicht not) gut. (verdienen to earn, gut good, well) viel. (aber but; arbeiten to work; viel a lot, much)

7. Mein Freund komm aus Deutschland. (mein Freund my friend; kommen to come; aus Deutschland from Germany) 8. Er hei 9. Er arbeit 10. Er wohn Richard. hier auch. (auch also, too) in Moskau.

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht1Aufgabe1_antwort.php

Exercise 2
1. Ihr lern 2. Wir studier 3. Du wohn 4. Ihr studier 5. Sie (she) lern 6. Er arbeit Deutsch. viel. in Moskau. zusammen. (zusammen together) hier.

dort. (dort there) zusammen. (die Gruppe the group)

7. Die Gruppe arbeit

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht1Aufgabe2_antwort.php

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

You have certainly noticed that some words start whit a capital-letter. Iron rule of German: all nouns start with capital-letters. Now, lets try to tell about your age. Well focus upon the most used numerals.

From 0 to 9 0 null 1 eins 2 zwei 3 drei 4 vier 5 fnf 6 sechs 7 sieben 8 acht 9 neun

From 10 to 19 10 zehn 11 elf 12 zwlf 13 dreizehn (3,10) 14 vierzehn (4,10) 15 fnfzehn (5,10) 16 sechzehn 17 siebzehn 18 achtzehn 19 neunzehn

From 20 to 29 20 zwanzig 21 einundzwanzig (1 and 20) 22 zweiundzwanzig (2 and 20) 23 dreiundzwanzig (3 and 20) 24 vierundzwanzig 25 fnfundzwanzig 26 sechsundzwanzig 27 siebenundzwanzig 28 achtundzwanzig 29 neunundzwanzig

Decades 10 zehn 20 zwanzig 30 dreiig 40 vierzig 50 fnfzig 60 sechzig 70 siebzig 80 achtzig 90 neunzig 100 hundert

Now, well combine numerals with the very important German verb sein to be. This verb is conjugated in spite of the general declination rule (as the English verb to be is), so you just have to keep it in mind:

sein Ich bin Du bist Er, sie, es ist Wir sind Ihr seid Sie, sie sind

Using the verb sein, you can tell about your age: Ich bin sechsundzwanzig (26) Jahre alt I am twenty six years old. Er ist vierzig (40) Jahre alt. He is forty years old. Du bist zwanzig (20) Jahre alt. You are twenty years old.

Exercise 3. Verb sein (to be).


1. Ich 2. Ich 3. Ich 4. Sie Student. (student) faul. (lazy) nicht verheiratet. (verheiratet sein to be married; nicht not) ledig. (ledig single)

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

5. Der Text 6. Der Platz hier 7. Wir 8. Das 9. Das

schwer. (der Text text, schwer difficult) frei. (der Platz place; hier here; frei free)

aus Moskau. (aus Moskau from Moscow) ein Zimmer. (das Zimmer room) die Leute. (die Leute people) Alexander. (mein Name my name)

10. Mein Name 11. Du 12. Du 13. Ich

mein Freund. (mein Freund my friend) toll. (toll great) der Rentner. (der Rentner pensioner)

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht1Aufgabe3_antwort.php

Lets summarize our pleasing results!


Now, you can tell your name, where you live, where you work, where you come from, whether you earn well, that you study or work, how old you are. The most used phrases with the verb sein: Das ist toll! This is great! Das ist wunderbar! This is wonderful! Das ist kstlich. Its delicious. Ich bin mde. Im tired. Ich bin zufrieden. Im glad/Im satisfied. Ich bin unzufrieden. Im dissatisfied. Ich bin satt. Im full (opposite to Im hungry). Ich bin fertig. Im ready. One more piece of advice: If you dont want to be ignored or took like a fool, dont ever use quasi typical German idioms like Das ist phantastisch! (which is supposed to be the most used phrase in German adult videos) or Nicht schieen!, or Hitler kaputt! (which are thought to be the most popular German idioms of World War II). Anyway, they arent proud of their history of the 20th century.

For us its rather important to know what difficulties you face when having our course. So, we thankfully accept every comment or critics via Skype (eustudy.ru) or e-mail ([email protected]).

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lesson 2. Questions. Interrogative words.


Before you start, download audio lesson with extended explanation: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/Unterricht2_voll.mp3

In the last lesson you learned how to tell about yourself and your friends. Now its time to learn asking questions and getting information you need from your communication partner. Well, it is very simple: 1. If you have NO interrogative word (how, where, when, why, who etc.), the verb moves from the second place (remember the iron rule?) upon the first one. 2. If you have ANY interrogative word, it is placed first, and the verb remains its second place according to the iron rule. Example: You work at school. Du arbeitest in der Schule. 1. Arbeitest du in der Schule? Do you work at school? 2. Wo arbeitest du? Where do you work? We are going to the park Wir gehen in den Park. 1. Gehen wir in den Park? Are we going to the park? 2. Wohin gehen wir? Where are we going? His name is Martin Er heit Martin. 1. Heit er Martin? Is his name Martin? 2. Wie heit er? What is his name? Caught any analogy? (Is it a table? What is it? Ist das ein Tisch? Was ist das?) The most used interrogative words: Interrogative words wie? how? wer? who? was? what? wo? where? (position) wohin? where? (direction) woher? where from? wann? when? warum? why? wie viel (wie viele)? how much (how many)?

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 1. Ask questions.


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. heien Sie? Ich heie Michael Meier. wohnen Sie, Herr Meier? Ich wohne in Bonn. kommen Sie? Ich komme aus Bremen. sind Sie geboren? Ich bin in Bremen geboren. (Where were you born? I was born in Bremen) alt sind Sie? Ich bin 27 Jahre alt. (How old are you?, lt old) arbeiten Sie? Ich arbeite in Berlin. machen Sie hier? (machen to do, hier here) Ich suche die Wohnung. (suchen to seek, to look for, die Wohnung flat) kommen Sie zu uns? (zu uns to ours (literally: to us)) Ich komme morgen (morgen tomorrow)

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht2Aufgabe1_antwort.php

Exercise 2.
Paul fragt Steve: 1. (besuchen) du Deutschunterricht gern? (besuchen to visit, to go to, der Deutschunterricht German lesson, gern gladly) 2. (arbeiten) 3. (sein) du fleiig? (fleiig diligent, diligently) du aufmerksam? (attentive, attentively)

Anton fragt Paul und Steve: 1. (kommen) 2. Wo (wohnen) 3. (sprechen) 4. (lesen) ihr aus Kanada? ihr? ihr deutsch? ihr viel zu Hause?

Der Lehrer fragt die Studenten (die Studenten students): 1. Wie (heien) 2. (verstehen) all) 3. (sein) 4. (machen) ihr? ihr alles gut? (verstehen to understand, alles everyting, ihr aufmerksam? ihr die Aufgaben fleiig? (die Aufgaben tasks)

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht2Aufgabe2_antwort.php


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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 3. Using interrogative words Wie? Wer? Was? Wo? Wie alt? Wie viel? Wohin?, make up an interview with Tim. 1. Hallo, Ich frage etwas, OK? (etwas something) Ja, natrlich. (sure) 2. heit du? Ich heie Tim. 3. bist du? Ich bin fnfzehn. 4. Und wohnst du?

Ich wohne in Gummersbach. 5. liegt das? (liegen to lie, to be situated) Das liegt nicht weit von Kln. (nicht weit von not far from) 6. Und tut deine Mutter? (tun to do, deine Mutter your mother)

Sie ist Lehrerin. (die Lehrerin teacher (she)) 7. arbeitet sie? Sie arbeitet in der Schule. (die Schule school) 8. Kinder haben deine Eltern? (die Kinder children, deine Eltern your parents)

Sie haben drei Kinder, ich bin der lteste. (haben to have, der lterste the eldest (one)) 9. Und sind deine Schwestern? (die Schwestern sisters)

Sie sind beide zehn. (beide both) 10. heien sie? Sie heien Ina und Eva. 11. Schule besuchen sie? (besuchen to visit, to go to) Sie sind an der Realschule. (die Realschule secondary school) 12. geht ihr dahin? (dahin there (direction)) Wir fahren mit dem Bus. (We go by bus)
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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

13. Vielen Dank fr das Interview, Tim. (Thank you very much for the interview, Tim) Gern geschehen. (My pleasure) Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht2Aufgabe3_antwort.php

Exercise 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. foot) 6. 7. 8. 9. Martin? Nein, er heit Peter. ? Ja, wir lernen Deutsch. ? Ja, ich spreche Deutsch. ? Ja, das Leben ist schwer. (Yes, the life is hard) du aus Moskau? Ja, ich komme aus Moskau. du im Studentenwohnheim? Ja, ich wohne im Studentenwohnheim (student hostel). hier Deutschunterricht? Nein, hier ist Englischunterricht. ? Ja, der Platz hier ist frei. (der Platz place) ? Ja, ich gehe immer zu Fu. (immer zu Fu always by

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht2Aufgabe4_antwort.php

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 5. Ask questions to marked words.


Frage 1: Ich bin in Italien. Wo bist du? Wohin bist du in? Wohin bist du?

Frage 2: Du singst heute. (You sing today) Was singst du? Wann singst du? Wo singst du?

Frage 3: Er geht schnell. (schnell quick, quickly) Was geht er? Wie geht er? Wo geht er?

Frage 4: Wir fahren nach Deutschland. (fahren to go, nach Deutschland to Germany) Wo fahrt ihr? Wohin fahrt ihr? Wie fahrt ihr?

Frage 5: Ihr ruft laut. (You call loudly, rufen to call, laut loudly, loud) Wo ruft ihr? Was ruft ihr? Wie ruft ihr?

Frage 6: Ich lache jeden Tag. (lachen to laugh, jeden Tag every day) Wo lachst du? Wann lachst du? Wie lachst du?

Frage 7: Sie sind frei. (free) Wer seid frei? Wer sind frei? Wer ist frei?

Frage 8: Ich sitze im Haus. (sitzen to sit, im Haus at home) Was sitzt du? Wohin sitzt du? Wo sitzt du?

Frage 9: Er geht ins Haus. (ins Haus into the house) Wohin geht er? Wo geht er? Wie geht er?

Frage 10: Ihr seid hier. (hier here) Wo ist hier? Wer sind hier? Wer ist hier? Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht2Aufgabe5_antwort.php
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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lets summarize our pleasing results


After two lessons you can not just tell about yourself, but also ask others about you want to know. We hope, you like the achievements youve reached in about one hour of learning German

Additional materials on the topic


We advise you to watch a YouTube-video and to listen to real Germans. See how they get acquainted and ask questions: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nd0Y_iIaJns&feature=related

For us its rather important to know what difficulties you face when having our course. So, we thankfully accept every comment or critics via Skype (eustudy.ru) or e-mail ([email protected]).

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lesson 3. Modal verbs.


Before you start, download audio lesson with extended explanation: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/Unterricht3_voll.mp3

Congratulations! What people spend weeks or even months in different language courses for, you know after two lessons! So, what about today? After this lesson youll be able to decorate your speech with words can, want, know and make sentences like: I can call you on Friday. I must prepare everything. They can do it later.

Iron rule of German: German verbs have only two places in a sentence: the second one and the last one.

The verb on the second place is always in a conjugated form. The verb in the very end of the sentence is either in the infinitive form or in any tense-appropriate form. Well, in German English variant it would look like this: I can you on Friday call. I must everything prepare. They can it later do.

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Verbs: 1. knnen can, to be able Sie kann deutsch sprechen She can speak German. Er kann nicht kommen He cannot come. Ich kann morgen anrufen I can call tomorrow. (anrufen to call, to phone) knnen Ich kann Du kannst Er, sie, es kann Wir knnen Ihr knnt Sie, sie knnen 2. mssen/sollen must/should Ich muss nach Hause gehen I must go home. (nach Hause home (direction)) Du musst deiner Mutter helfen You should help your mother. (deiner Mutter your mother, helfen to help) Wir mssen bis morgen warten We must wait till tomorrow. (bis morgen till tomorrow, warten to wait) mssen/sollen Ich muss soll Du musst sollst Er, sie, es muss soll Wir mssen sollen Ihr msst sollt Sie, sie mssen sollen 3. wollen/mchten to want/would like Er will Arzt werden He wants to become a doctor. (der Arzt doctor, werden to become, to get) Ich mchte Paul mitnehmen I would like to take Paul along. (mitnehmen to take along) Wir mchten mehr verdienen We would like to earn more. (mehr more) Mchtet Ihr morgen zu uns kommen? Would you like to come to ours tomorrow? (zu uns to ours (literally: to us)) wollen/mchten Ich will mchte Du willst mchtest Er, sie, es will mchte Wir wollen mchten Ihr wollt mchtet Sie, sie wollen mchten

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

4. drfen may Darf ich fragen? May I ask? (fragen to ask) Darf ich reinkommen? May I come in? (reinkommen to come in) drfen Ich darf Du darfst Er, sie, es darf Wir drfen Ihr drft Sie, sie drfen 5. mgen to like Ich mag Eis. I like ice-cream. (das Eis ice-cream) Er mag nicht arbeiten. He does not like working. mgen Ich mag Du magst Er, sie, es mag Wir mgen Ihr mgt Sie, sie mgen

6. wissen to know, to have an idea Ich wei, dass ich nichts wei I know that I know nothing. (nichts nothing) wissen Ich wei Du weit Er, sie, es wei Wir wissen Ihr wisst Sie, sie wissen

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 1. Put verbs into correct form.


1. (knnen) Ich schon gut schwimmen. (schon already, gut good, well, schwimmen to swim) morgens sehr frh aufstehen. (morgens every 2. (mssen) David morning, sehr frh very early, aufstehen to get up) 3. (wollen) Du immer neben mir sitzen! (immer always, neben mir next to me, sitzen to sit) nie etwas sagen. (seine Kinder his children, nie 4. (drfen) Seine Kinder never, etwas somethimg, sagen to say) 5. (sollen) Du 6. (wissen) Peter 7. (mgen) Im Sommer gladly) 8. (knnen) Meine Eltern heute today) 9. (wollen) Ich 10. (mssen) Wann 11. (drfen) Hallo, mehr studieren! (mehr more) die Antwort nicht. (die Antwort answer) ich gern ein Eis. (im Sommer in summer, gern heute nicht kommen. (meine Eltern my parents,

springen. (springen to jump) du aufstehen? ich etwas fragen? (etwas something) nicht wo sie sind.

12. (wissen) Heinz und Rainer

13. (mgen) Die Schler ihre Deutschlehrerin. (die Schler pupil, ihre Deutschlehrerin their German teacher (she)) 14. (sollen) Margot, du schweigen! (schweigen to keep quiet)

15. (wollen) Wir um neun Uhr anfangen. (um neun Uhr at 9 oclock, anfangen to start) 16. (drfen) In der Schule to talk) du nicht zu viel reden. (zu viel too much, reden

17. (wissen) Ihr immer die richtige Antwort. (immer always, richtig right, correct, die Antwort answer) 18. (sollen) Morgen 19. (knnen) Er 20. (wissen) Ich correct) ihr zu Doktor Mller kommen. (morgen tomorrow) am Montag telefonieren. (am Montag on Monday) , dass alles richtig ist! (alles everything, all, richtig right,

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht3Aufgabe1_antwort.php

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 2.
1. Pommes especially) mag mgen magst 2. Ich das gern fr dich tun. (fr dich for you, tun to do) wir besonders gern. (pommes French fries, besonders

will wollen willst 3. ich die Tr zumachen? (die Tr door, zumachen to close)

sollen soll sollt 4. ihr jeden Abend ausgehen? (jeden Abend every evening, ausgehen to go out)

darf drft drfen 5. Es ist schon spt, ich late) mss muss mssen 6. Paul ich nicht. gehen. (es ist schon spt its late already, spt

mgen mag magst 7. deine Brder schon schwimmen? (deine Brder your brothers)

knnen kann knnt 8. Hier man nicht rauchen. (rauchen to smoke)

darf drfst drfen 9. Du sofort zum Direktor gehen! (sofort immediately, zum Direktor to the director) sollst sollen soll 10. Du auch hier bleiben. (auch too, also, bleiben to remain)

kann knnen kannst Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht3Aufgabe2_antwort.php

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 3. Put appropriate modal verbs into blank spaces.


Meine Arbeit (My work) Also, ich immer schon sehr frh aufstehen. Meistens (mostly) stehe ich um

sechs Uhr (at 6 oclock) auf. Da die Passagiere noch schlafen (to sleep). Ich mache dann das Frhstck und arbeite am Vormittag (before noon) bis 11 Uhr. Die Arbeit ich sehr schnell (quickly) machen, wir haben viele Passagiere (Passagiere passangers). Meine Kollegen (my colleagues) und ich, wir natrlich (certainly) immer sehr freundlich (friendly) sein. Aber nicht alle Passagiere sind freundlich, manchmal (sometimes) sind sie arrogant (arrogant). Sie immer schnell gehen. Und da alles schnell haben (to have), alles Sie bitte etwas (a little) nicht immer hier

ich nicht sagen: "

warten (to wait)?". Ich finde meine Arbeit ganz interessant, aber ich arbeiten, vielleicht (probably) noch ein Jahr. Dann zurck (back).

ich wieder nach Deutschland

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht3Aufgabe3_antwort.php

Lets remember how our German English variant of modal verbs usage looks like: I can you on Friday call. Ich kann dich am Freitag anrufen. I should everything prepare. Ich soll alles vorbereiten. They can it later do. Sie knnen spter das machen.

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lets summarize our pleasing results!


From now on, you can tell what you can do and what you want to get. You can even refuse something if you cannot do this or just dont know how to do this. And our additional materials to this lesson help you to fix your achievements and show you that you know and can really much! We wish you know, want, may, can and love always!

Additional materials on the topic


We suggest you to watch a video-clip dedicated to how real Germans use modal verbs in their everydays life. What do students think about Muenster (Mnster) a town in Germany? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXSkr4Fyn_o Do not try to translate or to understand everything; just try to find words and phrases you know. English subtitles will help you. Well, and try to keep the most used German phrases and idioms: Wie geht es dir? How are you? Mir geht es gut. Im fine. Wie findest du das? How do you find it? What do you think about it? Auf jeden Fall. Anyway. Eigentlich. Actually. Es ist geil! Thats awesome! Das gefllt mir. I like it!

For us its rather important to know what difficulties you face when having our course. So, we thankfully accept every comment or critics via Skype (eustudy.ru) or e-mail ([email protected]).

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lesson 4. Subordinate clause.


Before you start, download audio lesson with extended explanation: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/Unterricht4_voll.mp3

Today well talk about why you do different things in your life. For example: Even now, you are here because you want to learn German. And maybe youve just moved to a big city where you can find a good job.

So, lets consider phrases like: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I learn German because Im going to Germany. I work very hard so that my family has enough money. He hopes that hell go to China in 2 months. Shes not sure whether shell be able to live in Moscow. Wed like to ask first when hell have time? Im going to call you tomorrow if you dont object.

Such phrases consist from two parts. For example: I learn German because Im going to Germany. This sentence has two parts (sentences) as well: the main one I learn German, and the dependent one (called subordinate clause) Im going to Germany.

According to German grammar rules, the verb always remains on the second place in the declarative sentence: I learn German. Ich lerne Deutsch. I am going to Germany. Ich fahre nach Deutschland.

In the main sentence we follow the above mentioned iron rule: Ich lerne Deutsch. In the subordinate clause you should place the verb in the very end of the sentence, NOT on the second place! Ich nach Deutschland fahre. Then, we link these two parts with the conjunction weil because and build up a correct German sentence (complex sentence).

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

I learn German because Im going to Germany. Ich lerne Deutsch, weil Ich nach Deutschland fahre. You remain home because you does not speak German well yet. Sie bleiben zu Hause, weil Sie noch nicht gut Deutsch sprechen. (bleiben to remain, noch nicht not yet) Unfortunately, I am not coming because I am driving my sister to the railwaystation. Leider komme ich nicht, weil ich meine Schwester zum Bahnhof fahre. (leider unfortunately, meine Schwester my sister, der Bahnhof railway-station, fahren to drive, to go (by any vehicle)) What should we do if there are two verbs in the dependant part (subordinate clause)? If we have two verbs in the subordinate clause (its called compound predicate): ich mchte nach Deutschland fahren (I would like to go to Germany), we should put the verb which is usually on the second place (the conjugated one) mchte in the very end of the sentence: ich nach Deutschland fahren mchte. I learn German because I would like to go to Germany. Ich lerne Deutsch, weil ich nach Deutschland fahren mchte. You remain home because you can not speak German well yet. Sie bleiben zu Hause, weil Sie noch nicht gut Deutsch sprechen knnen. (Many Russians can hear this sentence at the German embassy when they try to get a visa ) Unfortunately, I can not come because I should drive my sister to the railwaystation Leider kann ich nicht kommen, weil ich meine Schwester zum Bahnhof fahren soll.

How to say I learn German so that the Germans can understand me? These two sentences are combined by means of the conjunction damit so that: I learn German so that the Germans can understand me. Ich lerne Deutsch, damit mich die Deutschen verstehen knnen. (die Deutschen the Germans, verstehen to understand) Say it one more time so that they dont forget it. Sag es noch einmal, damit sie es nicht vergessen. (noch einmal one more time, once again, vergessen to forget) I tell you this story so that you dont do my mistake. Ich erzhle dir diese Geschichte, damit du meinen Fehler nicht machst. (diese Geschichte this story, erzhlen to tell, to narrate, der Fehler mistake) The teacher repeats the rule once again so that all students understand it. Der Lehrer wiederholt die Regel noch einmal, damit alle Studenten sie verstehen. (wiederholen to repeat, die Regel rule, verstehen to understand)

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 1. Weil or Damit?


1. Karl arbeitet am Wochenende, seine Familie genug Geld hat. (am Wochenende on week-end, seine Familie his family, genug enough, das Geld money) 2. Ich kann nicht mitkommen, ich sehr beschftigt bin. (mitkommen to come along, beschftigt sein to be busy) 3. Stefanie kauft ein Auto, ihr der Weg zum Bro nicht so viel Zeit nimmt. (kaufen to buy, das Auto car, ihr her, der Weg zum Bro the way to the office, zu viel Zeit so much time, nehmen to take) 4. Ich kaufe immer grnen Tee, ich schwarzen Tee nicht gut finde. (grn green, schwarz black, der Tee tee) 5. Erik studiert an der Uni, study at the university) 6. Monika lernt Deutsch, 7. Monika lernt Deutsch, er mehr Geld verdient. (an der Uni studieren to sie nach Deutschland gehen will. sie nach Deutschland gehen kann.

8. Wir sprechen ber unsere Probleme, sie nicht grer werden. (ber Probleme sprechen to talk about problems, grer bigger, werden to become) 9. Wir gehen in den Park, es heute so schn ist.

10. Die Eltern nehmen einen Babysitter, sie heute Abend ausgehen knnen. (nehmen to take, ausgehen to go out, der Abend evening) Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht4Aufgabe1_antwort.php

Exercise 2. Weil or Damit?


1. Ich lerne Deutsch, relatives) ich deutsche Verwandte habe. (die Verwandte

2. Ich lerne Deutsch, ich mit meinen Verwandten sprechen kann. (sprechen mit to speak with, to talk to) 3. Ich studiere an der Uni, better) ich eine bessere Arbeit finden kann. (besser

4. Ich studiere an der Uni, ich eine gute Ausbildung brauche. (brauchen to need, die Ausbildung education) 5. Er kauft einen Computer, interesting, finden to find)
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er Computers interessant findet. (interessant

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

6. Er kauft einen Computer, to surf the Internet)

er im Internet surfen kann. (im Internet surfen

7. Wir fahren nicht mit dem Rad, wir es nicht nach Hause tragen. (mit dem Rad fahren to ride a bicycle, nach Hause home (direction), tragen to carry) 8. Wir fahren nicht mit dem Rad, es Winter ist. (der Winter winter)

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht4Aufgabe2_antwort.php

Question Wozu? what for? If we use conjunctions weil and damit, we have a subject both in the main and the subordinate clause: Ich mache das, weil ich das richtig finde (I do it because I find it right). But after wozu-question we wont have any subject in the second part even in English: What do you do sport for? Wozu treiben Sie Sport? I do sport to remain healthy. Ich treibe Sport, um gesund zu bleiben. I would like to go to Germany to earn money for my study. Ich mchte nach Deutschland fahren, um Geld fr mein Studium zu verdienen. He would like to know more to find a job. Er mchte mehr wissen, um einen Job zu finden. Would you like to save money to fly to the USA? Mchtest du Geld sparen, um in die USA zu fliegen? (sparen to save, fliegen to fly) Youve certainly noticed that we dont have any subject in the subordinate part of the sentence. Such constructions are very popular in German and very simple at the same time.

Complex sentences like: I know that the train arrives at 9 sharp. Ich wei, dass der Zug Punkt 9 ankommt. (Punkt 9 at 9 sharp, ankommen to arrive) Hes not sure whether hell fly to Germany in two days. Er ist nicht sicher, ob er in zwei Tagen nach Deutschland fliegt. Well do this when you say. Wir machen es, wann du sagst. Ill talk to him if you dont object. Ich spreche mit ihm, wenn du nichts dagegen hast. What should we do with them? How should we compose them? Remember: For the subordinate clause the rule is anyway the same: the verb goes to the very end of the sentence. If we have two verbs, the conjugated verb should be the last one.
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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lets summarize our pleasing results


If you did it and if youve understood that German is ABSOLUTELY simple, wed love to invite you to our next lesson and look forward to see you at our site again.

Additional materials on the topic


Watch a video-clip about how the Germans (often!) make mistakes themselves when composing complex sentences: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8glSCGXTZs. In the video a German teacher draws a very illustrative scheme and shows that verb should be before the point in a complex sentence. The sentence in the video contains a mistake: Wir sind der beste Radiosender, weil bei uns gibt es die beste Musik We are the best radio station because at ours there is the best music. Idiom es gibt means there is/are: es gibt berall gute Leute there are good people everywhere, es gibt einen Baum im Garten there is a tree in the garden. Its part gibt is the he-form of the verb geben (to give). As a part of that idiom it has no selfmeaning but remains still a verb and thus, should be in the end of the sentence. Anyway, remember the idiom es gibt; it will surely enlarge your vocabulary. Watching the video, just listen to the Germans speaking, and focus on the sentence structures, dont try to translate or to understand everything. If youll be able to recognize words or phrases youve learned, you can be proud of yourself youre doing right!

For us its rather important to know what difficulties you face when having our course. So, we thankfully accept every comment or critics via Skype (eustudy.ru) or e-mail ([email protected]).

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lesson 5. Akkusativ.
Before you start, download audio lesson with extended explanation: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/Unterricht5_voll.mp3

Today we are going to consider German nouns for the first time and to learn how to operate with them. For instance, how to say properly: I work in a cafe and everyday I see a man coming with a woman to the cafe. He orders a coffee and a fruit-cake and she takes just a cup of tee. In one hour the man pays, takes the woman by the arm, and they leave. The marked nouns in the text are direct objects - Accusative (Akkusativ). The question for the direct object in German is What?, Whom? and Where? (direction). Lets consider the sentences from the text: I see (Whom?) a man. He comes (Where?) to the caf. He orders (What?) a coffee and a fruit cake. She takes (What?) a cup of tee. The man takes (Whom?) the woman by the arm. In German it looks the following way: Masculine Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Accusative (Akkusativ) Wen? (Whom?) Was? (What?) Wohin? (Where?) This is the (a) man. Das ist der (ein) Mann. This is the (a) park. Das ist der (ein) Park. I see the (a) man. Ich sehe den (einen) Mann. I take the (an) apple. Ich nehme den (einen) Apfel. He goes in the park. Er geht in den Park.

Feminine Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Accusative (Akkusativ) Wen? (Whom?) Was? (What?) Wohin? (Where?) This is the (a) woman. Das ist die (eine) Frau. This is the (a) town. Das ist die Stadt. I see the (a) woman. Ich sehe die (eine) Frau. I take the (a) cup. Ich nehme die (eine) Tasse. She goes to the town. Sie fhrt in die Stadt.

Neutral Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Accusative (Akkusativ) Wen? (Whom?) Was? (What?) Wohin? (Where?) This is the (a) car. Das ist das (ein) Auto. This is the (a) cafe. Das ist das (ein) Gasthaus. I sell the (a) car. Ich verkaufe das (ein) Auto. I take the (a) glas. Ich nehme das (ein) Glas. I go th the (a) cafe. Ich gehe in das (ein) Gasthaus.

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Plural Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Accusative (Akkusativ) Wen? (Whom?) Was? (What?) Wohin? (Where?) These are the (_) people. Das sind die (_) Leute. These are the (_) shops. Das sind die (_) Geschfte. I see the (_) people. Ich sehe die (_) Leute. They go to the (_) shops. Sie gehen in die (_) Geschfte.

Youve surely noticed two details. If not, we give you a cue: First, there is NO INDEFINITE article in the plural form (as in English). Second, ONLY MASCULINE DEFINITE article der is being changed to den (the others remain the same): Masculine
der (ein) Mann

Feminine
die (eine) Frau

Neutral
das (ein) Auto

Plural
die Leute

Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Accusative (Akkusativ) Wen? (Whom?) Was? (What?) Wohin? (Where?)

der (ein)

die (eine)

das (ein)

die

den (einen)

die (eine)

das (ein)

die

The verb haben to have. When we use this verb, all nouns (objects), combined with this verb, have the Accusative-form. Declination of this verb is an exception of the general rule (as well as for English to have): haben Ich habe Du hast Er, sie, es hat Wir haben Ihr habt Sie, sie haben

Germans use negative article kein(e) to negate nouns. You can find very much in common with the English no: This is a woman. She has no man. Das ist eine Frau. Sie hat keinen Mann. I have no time. Ich habe keine Zeit. But: This is not a girl. Das ist kein Mdchen. I do not have any car. Ich habe kein Auto.
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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Negation Nominative Negation Accusative

Masculine der (ein) Mann kein keinen

Feminine die (eine) Frau keine keine

Neutral das (ein) Auto kein kein

Ploral die Freunde keine keine

This is a flat. This is not a flat, this is a house. I have no flat. Das ist eine Wohnung. Das ist keine Wohnung, das ist ein Haus. Ich habe keine Wohnung. Its a car. It isnt a car, its a bus. I have no car.. Das ist ein Auto. Das ist kein Auto, das ist ein Bus. Ich habe kein Auto. These are friends. They are not friends. He has no friends. Das sind Freunde. Sie sind keine Freunde. Er hat keine Freunde.

Exercise 1. Verb haben (to have).


1. Ich 2. Wir 3. Er 4. Du 5. Ihr den Bruder. (der Bruder brother) die Wohnung. (die Wohnung flat) eine gute Idee. (gut good, die Idee idea) Geschwister. (die Geschwister brother(s) and sister(s), siblings) Hunger. (der Hunger hunger, Hunger haben to be hungry) ein Zimmer. (mein Bruder my brother, das Zimmer room)

6. Mein Bruder

7. Ich keine Lust. (die Lust desire, keine Lust no desire (very often used if one doesnt want to do something)) 8. Sie (she) keine Ahnung. (die Ahnung idea, notion, keine Ahnung haben to have no idea/notion (of something) (very often used if one doesnt know something)) 9. Sie (they) 10. Du viel Geld. (das Geld money)

Recht. (Recht haben to be right)

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht5Aufgabe1_antwort.php

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 2. Put articles to marked words (Nominativ or Akkusativ)


1. Ich sehe 2. Haben Sie for me) 3. Wo kann ich 4. Ich suche shop, store) 5. Herr Peters hat 6. here) 7. Es gibt Schwimmbad (das) in unserer Stadt. (s gibt there is/are, das Schwimmbad swimming-pool, in unserer Stadt in our city/town) 8. Es tut mir leid, aber ich wei auch nicht, wo Apotheke (die) ist. (Es tut mir leid I am sorry, its a pity, die Apotheke pharmacy, drugstore) 9. Entschuldigung, ich suche Botschaft (die). (Entschuldigung sorry, excuse me (before a polite compelation or question, or after doing something wrong or bad, die Botschaft embassy) Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht5Aufgabe2_antwort.php Bahnhof (der). (der Bahnhof railway-station (building)) Stadtplan (der) fr mich? (der Stadtplan city-map, fr mich Bank (die) finden? (die Bank bank, finden to find) Geschft (das). (suchen to seek, to search, das Geschft Kinder (die). (die Kinder children)

Bahnhof (der) ist nicht weit von hier. (nicht weit von hier not far from

Exercise 3. Put into correct form.


1. Wir wollen ein Eis essen. Wir gehen in Eiscaf Venezia (das).

2. Die Mnner stellen die Autos vor Buchhandlung (die). (der Mann man, die Mnner men, stellen to place, to put, vor before, in front of, die Buchhandlung bookstore) 3. Die Frau geht in Konditorei (die). (die Konditorei cake-shop) 4. Die Frau braucht eine Zeitung. (brauchen to need, die Zeitung newspaper) Sie geht an Zeitungskiosk (das). 5. Die Frau mchte Wurst kaufen. (die Wurst sausage, kaufen to buy) Sie geht in Metzgerei (die). (die Metzgerei butchers) Markt (der). (frisches Obst fresh Apotheke (die). (Pillen pills,

6. Ich will frisches Obst. Ich gehe auf fruits, der Markt market) 7. Wenn ich Pillen brauche, gehe ich in tablets)

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht5Aufgabe3_antwort.php

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

And now, lets get back to the text from the beginning of the lesson. You are going to understand all constructions in it easily now you know much indeed! I work in a cafe and everyday I see a man coming with a woman to the cafe. He orders a coffee and a fruit-cake and she takes just a cup of tee. In one hour the man pays, takes the woman by the arm, and they leave. Ich arbeite in einem Cafe und sehe jeden Tag einen Mann, der mit einer Frau in das (in das = ins) Cafe kommt. Er bestellt einen Kaffee und einen Obstkuchen und sie nimmt nur eine Tasse Tee. In einer Stunde bezahlt der Mann, nimmt die Frau unter den Arm, und sie gehen weg. (weggehen to leave, to go away).

Additional materials on the topic


Here you find one more video about mistakes made by Germans in German http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oaSFxqmJQM. So, which article should be used with the word Heft notebook der or das? Well, if even the Germans dont know which article is to use, what should we do after all? We have the only alternative: either to learn every word with article (which is hardly possible) or to remember where to look for right answers in the dictionary. We hope youve managed one of the most difficult issues in German, havent you? Well then, lets continue!

For us its rather important to know what difficulties you face when having our course. So, we thankfully accept every comment or critics via Skype (eustudy.ru) or e-mail ([email protected]).

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lesson 6. Dativ.
Before you start, download audio lesson with extended explanation: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/Unterricht6_voll.mp3

Today were going to continue one of the most difficult issues in German doing it the simplest and most comfortable way. And namely, how to say: I give my documents to the man in the office, I buy a toy in the store, I give flowers to my wife in the cafe. Here we deal with indirect objects. It accords with Dative (Dativ) in German and answers questions To whom/which? and Where? (position) I give my documents (to whom?) to the man (where?) in the office. I buy a toy (where?) in the store. I give flowers (to whom?) to my wife (where?) in the cafe. In English indirect object can be also used without any preposition: Tell the doctor about youve just told me. (doctor and me are indirect objects we can recognize them by question (to) whom?) In German it works like follows: Masculine Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Dative (Dativ) Wem? (To whom/which?) Wo? (Where?) This is the (a) man. Das ist der (ein) Mann. This is the (a) park. Das ist der (ein) Park. I tell the (a) man that I am in the (a) park. Ich sage dem (einem) Mann, dass ich in dem (einem) Park bin.

Feminine Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Dative (Dativ) Wem? (To whom/which?) Wo? (Where?) This is the (a) woman. Das ist die (eine) Frau. This is the (a) city. Das ist die (eine) Stadt. I tell the (a) woman that she can buy flowers in the (a) city. Ich sage der (einer) Frau, dass sie Blumen in der (einer) Stadt kaufen kann.

Neutral Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Dative (Dativ) Wem? (To whom/which?) Wo? (Where?) This is the (a) child. Das ist das (ein) Kind. This is the (a) store. Das ist das Geschft. I promise (to) the (a) child to buy a toy in the (a) store. Ich verspreche dem (einem) Kind, ein Spielzeug in dem (einem) Geschft zu kaufen.

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Plural Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Dative (Dativ) Wem? (To whom/which?) Wo? (Where?) These are the people. Das sind die Leute. These are the cities. Das sind die Stdte. I sell cars to the people which live in the cities. Ich verkaufe den Leuten, die in den Stdten wohnen, die Autos.

Masculine
der (ein) Mann

Feminine
die (eine) Frau

Neutral
das (ein) Kind

Plural
die Leute

Nominative (Nominativ) Wer? (Who?) Was? (What?) Dative (Dativ) Wem? (To whom/which?) Wo? (Where?)

der (ein) dem (einem)

die (eine) der (einer)

das (ein) dem (einem)

die den Leuten

Exercise 1. Put words in brackets into correct case (Nominativ, Akkusativ or Dativ)
1. (der Mann) Ich frage 2. (der Verkufer) Ich gebe 3. (die Kundin) Ich sehe nach dem Weg. (der Weg way, direction) das Geld. (der Verkufer seller) auf dem Markt. (die Kundin customer (she)) . (der Ober waiter, das

4. (der Ober) Ich habe kein Messer. Ich rufe Messer knife, rufen to call) 5. (die Kinder) Ich kaufe 6. (die Kinder) Ich sehe street corner) einen Hamburger.

an der Straenecke. (an der Straenecke on the

7. (die Lehrerin) Ja, gibt mir mein Zeugnis! (die Lehrerin teacher (she), das Zeugnis certificate) 8. (die Mnner) Ich sehe 9. (die Kundin) Ich gebe 10. (der Ober) Ja; soup) 11. (das Eis) Ich esse bei der Bank. (bei der Bank at the bank) meine Tte. (die Tte bag, packet) bringt mir eine Hhnersuppe. (die Hhnersuppe chicken im Sommer. (essen to eat, im Sommer in summer) jeden Tag. (in der Schule in/at the

12. (der Lehrer) In der Schule sehe ich school, jeden Tag everyday)

13. (die Lehrerin) Am Montag gebe ich meine Hausaufgabe. (am Montag on Monday, die Hausaufgabe home task)

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

14. (die Mutter) Ja, macht mir morgens mein Frhstck. (morgens in the morning (every morning), das Frhstck breakfast) Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht6Aufgabe1_antwort.php

Exercise 2. Position or direction? Wo or Wohin?


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. wohnt Christian? In der Kastanienstrae. gehst du jetzt? In die Bibliothek. ist Roger? Zu Hause. muss Daniela gehen? Zum Zahnarzt. (zum Zahnarzt to dentist, der Zahnarzt dentist) mchtest du fahren? Nach Norwegen. (Norwegen Norway) arbeitet Claudia? In einem Eiscaf. gehen wir heute? Ins Theater. (das Theater theatre)

Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht6Aufgabe2_antwort.php

Lets summarize our pleasing results


Weve learned almost whole basic German grammar in 6 lessons having spent 2.5 weeks. You can not overlook the efficiency: you invested only 3 hours of your life into German + you saved about EUR 240 (or even more). So much you would pay for 4 months at the language course (where you would learn the alphabet, reading words, counting your fingers, you would describe not only your room or flat but also those of your friends and neighbors, write letters about how your day looks like or how you feel today etc.) and so much would cost your evenings devoid of any free time. Were looking forward to meet you. And let all of your difficulties remain in the past. By the way, did you know that Germans are so much lazy and prefer therefore to use only two grammar tenses the Present and the Past? Well, on the other hand its much easier than getting crazy because of English sequence of tenses

For us its rather important to know what difficulties you face when having our course. So, we thankfully accept every comment or critics via Skype (eustudy.ru) or e-mail ([email protected]).

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Lesson 7. Past Tense.


Before you start, download audio lesson with extended explanation: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/Unterricht7_voll.mp3

Now the foregoing 6 lessons are in the past and were starting the last but not least topic of this initial course. Our todays topic is the Past Tense in German or How to say I was in Berlin yesterday, I bought new shoes a couple of days ago, I came back from Paris last week and the most pleasing one Ive learned German! Here we have to make a short introduction into correlation between German and English grammar tenses (at last!): Present Continuous/Simple/Perfect Continuos Present Perfect All Past Tenses Prsens Imperfekt/Perfekt Imperfekt/Perfekt/Plusquamperfekt

German Perfekt and Imperfekt (Past Tenses) are interchangeable. Imperfekt is rather typical for printed and official language (books, papers, reports etc.) and Perfekt for spoken language and everydays communication. But such dividing is nevertheless tentative and not strict. Well focus upon Perfekt which is used in the spoken German language widely indeed. I buy a car. Ich kaufe ein Auto Du kaufst ein Auto Er, sie, es kauft ein Auto Wir kaufen ein Auto Ihr kauft ein Auto Sie, sie kaufen ein Auto I (have) bought a car. Ich habe ein Auto gekauft Du hast ein Auto gekauft Er, sie, es hat ein Auto gekauft Wir haben ein Auto gekauft Ihr habt ein Auto gekauft Sie, sie haben ein Auto gekauft

German Perfekt consists of auxiliary verb haben (to have) or sein (to be) + Prtizip II (participle II) of the main verb. The construction of Perfekt has very much in common with the construction of English Perfect Tenses. So, what about Partizip II? For most verbs they have a simple scheme: prefix ge- + verb stem + ending -t instead of -en: to buy kaufen = ge+kauf+t to seek suchen = ge+such+t

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

There are verbs in German which make Prtizip II in some different ways, for example just by means of prefix ge-: to drive fahren = gefahren (English: to work worked, but to drive driven) to come kommen = gekommen (English: to come come) to see sehen = gesehen (English: to see seen) to sleep schlafen = geschlafen (English: to sleep slept) There are also other models: to be sein = gewesen (English: to be been) Such irregular verbs you can find in the end of any dictionary or in the Internet. Now, well try to make correct sentences. What should we do? We put properly conjugated auxiliary verb upon the second place in the sentence (remember the iron rule?), and Partizip II (participle II) of the main verb goes into the very end of the sentence. Ich suche eine Wohnung in Berlin Ich habe eine Wohnung in Berlin gesucht. Wir kaufen ein Auto Wir haben ein Auto gekauft. Er malt ein Bild Er hat ein Bild gemalt. (malen to draw, das Bild picture) Du arbeitest heute viel Du hast gestern viel gearbeitet. (gestern yesterday)

Exercise 1. Write sentences using the Past Tense Perfekt.


Herr Schlapp kommt nach Hause. Was hat Herr Schlapp zu Hause gemacht? (Herr Mister) 1. das Schlsselloch suchen. (das Schlsselloch keyhole) 2. den Schlssel ins Loch stecken. (der Schlssel key, das Loch hole, opening, stecken to put, to set, to plug) 3. die Tr ffnen. (die Tr door, ffnen to open) 4. sich vor den Fernseher setzen. (sich setzen to sit down, vor den Fernseher in front of TV-set (direction)) 5. ein Bier aus dem Khlschrank holen. (das Bier beer, aus dem Khlschrank from the fridge, der Khlschrank refrigerator, fridge, holen to get) 6. sich ins Bett legen. (sich legen to lie down, das Bett bed) Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht7Aufgabe1_antwort.php

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Exercise 2. Write sentences using the Past Tense Perfekt.


Frau Fleiig kommt nach Hause. Was hat sie zu Hause gemacht? (Frau Miss or Mistress) 1. Ordnung machen in der Kche. (Ordnung machen to get in order, die Kche kitchen) 2. Geschirr splen. (Geschirr splen to wash dishes, das Geschirr dish, dishes, splen to rins, to wash) 3. die Fenster putzen. (die Fenster putzen to clean windows, das Fenster window, putzen to clean) 4. die Wsche bgeln. (die Wsche bgeln to iron laundry, die Wsche laundry, bgeln to iron) 5. die Kleider von ihrem Sohn nhen. (die Kleider nhen to sew clothes, von ihrem Sohn of her son, nhen to sew, to needle) 6. im Garten arbeiten. (der Garten garden) Check up! http://german.eustudy.ru/en/Unterricht7Aufgabe2_antwort.php

As we mentioned, some verbs make Perfekt with auxiliary verb sein. These are mainly verbs of movement: to drive, to go, to come, to fly, or verbs of state change: to wake up, to stand up, to fall asleep, to grow, to die. I come to Berlin Ich komme nach Berlin Du kommst nach Berlin Er, sie, es kommt nach Berlin Wir kommen nach Berlin Ihr kommt nach Berlin Sie, sie kommen nach Berlin I came to Berlin yesterday Ich bin gestern nach Berlin gekommen Du bist gestern nach Berlin gekommen Er, sie, es ist gestern nach Berlin gekommen Wir sind gestern nach Berlin gekommen Ihr seid gestern nach Berlin gekommen Sie, sie sind gestern nach Berlin gekommen

This is it!
For those whod like to download all 7 lessons in one file, you can use these links: 7 lessons in one pdf file: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/voll.pdf 7 lessons in one mp3 file: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/audiofiles/eng_germ/voll.mp3 Key to exercises in one pdf file: http://german.eustudy.ru/en/antworte.pdf

http://german.eustudy.ru/en

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Olena Shypilova German for beginners in 7 Lessons English edition by Yuriy Bereza

Additional information
Thats all to our basic German course, and we hope youve managed everything to 200%. We thank you very much for the time weve been together. Now, as we promised, you are able to talk to your German friends via Skype, read books consulting a dictionary, use German web-sites and watch German YouTube-videos. If you feel like not having understood something, you can anytime review our course using audio lessons and workbook. After this course, motivated by your success, you will probably turn on the heat to travel to Europe which was impossible because of communication barriers. And maybe you have decided to work for a German company and move to the Old World, or you have recognized that there is nothing impossible or difficult in the new and concluded to aboutface your life. Anyway, we wish you good luck for your initiatives! If you want to learn more about German, to work with native speakers and to polish your skills, we invite you to our webinars, courses and lessons held by teachers from Germany and Austria. Learning German at our service and with the support of our professional team, you are going to score your achievements in a very short time, saving your most valuable resource time all the while as well. Detailed schedule of webinars, courses and lessons you can find at our site:

http://german.eustudy.ru/en
We thank you and wish you to succeed in German! Olena Shypilova and eustudy.ru team

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