Rice profile

1.0

Production

1.1

Rice is one of the most important food crops of India in term of both area, production and

consumer preference. India is the second largest producer and consumer of rice in the world.
Rice production in India crossed the mark of 100 million MTnes in 2011-12 accounting for
22.81% of global production in that year.
1.2

The productivity of rice has increased from 1984 kg per hectare in 2004-05 to 2372 kg

per hectare in 2011-12. List of notified rice varieties cultivated in India are available at
http://drd.dacnet.nic.in/Downloads/Rice-Varieties-Upto-2010.pdf. State-wise area coverage and
production and yield of rice is given at annex I.
1.3
Indian share in global rice production has been hovering in the range of 19.50 to 24.52 %
as shows the below given table. Indian share dipped below 20 percent only in 2009-10.
Production of rice in India is expected to drop this year from 104.3 million MT to 101.80
million MT (including 11.11 million MT rabi production) due to lower kharif output pegged at
almost 90.69 million MT. Below given table shows the world rice production and percentage
share of India in total production:
Indias Rice Production in Global Context:
Year

World Production in
million MT

Indian Production in million

MT

2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12

399
380
390
405
423
427
438
459
457
449
456

93.34
71.82
88.53
83.13
91.79
93.35
96.69
99.18
89.09
95.98
104.32

Indias share
(In %)
23.39
18.90
22.70
20.53
21.70
21.86
22.08
21.61
19.49
21.38
22.88

2012-13*(Proj.)

463

103

22.25

1.4

Production of rice in major rice producing countries is as follows (Source: USDA):

Qty in thousand MT

Countries
Bangladesh
Brazil
Burma
Cambodia
China
Egypt
India
Indonesia
Japan
Korea South
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Thailand
Vietnam
Others
United States
World Total

2.0

2008/09
2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13Jan 2012/13Feb
31200
31000
31700
33700
33800
34000
8570
7929
9300
7888
8160
8160
11200
11642
10528
10816
10750
10750
3992
4056
4233
4268
4225
4225
134330
136570
137000
140700
143000
143000
4673
4564
3100
4250
4700
4700
99180
89090
95980
104320
99000
99000
38310
36370
35500
36500
36900
36900
8029
7711
7720
7646
7755
7756
4843
4916
4295
4224
4006
4006
2850
3013
2680
2970
2900
3000
6900
6800
5000
6500
6800
6800
10755
9772
10539
10700
10990
10990
19850
20260
20262
20460
20500
20500
24393
24993
26371
27075
27710
27710
33080
35303
37290
37144
38001
37955
6546
7133
7593
5866
6356
6356
448701
441122
449091
465027
465553
465808

State-wise Production & procurement during last three years:

2009-2010
2010-2011

Punjab
Haryana
U.P.
Bihar
A.P.
Orrisa
Tamil
Nadu
West
Bengal

2011-2012

Production

Procurement

Production

Procurement

Production

Procurement

11.23
3.62
10.78
3.59
11.03
6.96

9.27
1.81
2.9
0.89
7.55
2.49

10.83
3.47
12.01
3.32
14.38
6.55

8.63
1.68
2.55
0.88
9.6
2.46

11.31
3.96
12.89
4.75
9.02
6.01

7.73
1.98
3.30
1.53
6.41
2.13

5.91

1.24

6.13

1.54

6.32

1.57

14.6

1.24

12.33

1.31

11.65

1.45

3.0

Year wise Paddy MSP has been as follows:

Marketing year
1998-99
1999-2000
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13

Common
440
490
510
530
550
550
560
570
580+Rs.40 bonus
645+100 bonus
850+50
950+50
1000
1080
1250

Grade-A
470
520
540
560
580
580
590
600
610+40
675+100
880+50
980+50
1030
1110
1280

4.0 Domestic prices of rice

Monthly average rice price trend in domestic market from Oct. 2010 to Sept.2012

Average Rice Price Trend In Domestic Market

Price in Rs per quintal

2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
2100
2000
1900
Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

2010-Oct to 2011 Sep

March

April

May

June

July

August Sept

2011 Oct to 2012 Sep

State wise Wholesale Prices Weekly Analysis for Rice Last week February, 2013:
(Rs per qtl)
State
Prices 24-28
Prices 16-23
Prices 09-15
Prices 24-28
Feb 2013
Feb 2013
Feb 2013
Feb 2012
3403.61
2485.4
2530.53
2267.82
3061.33
3349.99
5110.39
2744.19
1700
1689.43
1681.59
2208.02
2686.02

AP
Assam
Gujarat
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
Maharashtra
Meghalaya
NCT of Delhi
Orissa
UP
West Bengal
Average
5.

3112.04
2508.72
2624.37
2363.38
3097.11
3388.16
4830.2
3025
1600
1506.34
1688.05
2212.38
2602.35

3086.73
2494.15
2651.15
2297.43
3064.07
3552.21
5246.38
1953.75
1700
1748.01
1671.84
2210.95
2739.58

2048.33
2154.87
2129
2167.57
2173.43
2610.35
4008.45
2712.9
1500
2119.46
1433.67
1924.39
2303.17

Indias Rice Trade

Indias Export and Import of Rice
Year

Export of Rice
Quantity (in
million MT)

Import of Rice

2001-02
2002-03

2.21
5.06

Value (In
US$
million)
665.5
1218.2

Quantity (in
million MT)
neg
neg

Value (In
US$
million))
0.01
0.23

2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08

3.41
4.78
4.09
4.75
6.47

907
1506.5
1405
1556
2927.5

neg
neg
neg
neg
neg

0.06
na
0.08
0.09
0.11

2008-09

2.49

2454

neg

0.11

2009-10

2.16

2365.7

neg

0.08

Share in
global rice
export
quantity (in
%)
8.67
19.62
13.05
17.21
14.62
16.28
20.01
8.94

2010-11

2.47

2544.7

neg

0.20

8.60
6.86

2011-12

7.18

4940

0.001

1.16

18.89

5.1 Major export destinations of Indian export

S.No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Country

U ARAB EMTS
SAUDI ARAB
IRAN
NIGERIA
KUWAIT
IRAQ
UK
USA
SENEGAL
YEMEN REPUBLC
COTE D' IVOIRE
INDONESIA
EGYPT A RP
SOUTH AFRICA
BENIN
BANGLADESH PR
JORDAN
SINGAPORE
OMAN
NEPAL

Values in US$ Million

2010-2011
624.69
689.68
446.2
0.49
239.9
36.36
77.48
55.34
65.35
0.75
2.37
2.72
13.27
0.77
2.63
25.05
8.06
8.17
10.03

2011-2012
820.72
760.25
600.31
352.01
295.47
167.3
143.12
119.95
116.88
116.83
109.84
109.62
94
91.54
90.59
54.45
51.69
44.66
42.58
42.35

5.2

6.0

Indias rice export since 09/09/2011 (Units are in lakh MTs)

Months
Non
Basmati Total Months
Non
Basmati
Basmati
2012-13
2001-12 2001-12 200112
4.5
3.4
7.9
Oct-11
6.64
Oct-11
5.5
4
9.5
Nov-11
6.49
Nov-11
5.9
2.5
8.4
Dec-11
5.32
Dec-11
5.45
2.75
8.2
Jan-12
5.45
Jan-12
5.75
1.76
7.51
Feb-12
5.6
2.25
7.85
Mar-12
5.8
1.35
7.15
Apr-12
5.3
1.9
7.2
May-12
5.5
1.75
7.25
Jun-12
5.25
2.25
7.5
Jul-12
3.75
1.71
5.46
Aug-12
2.25
1.25
3.5
Sep-12
Total
60.55
26.87
87.42

Basmati

Total

2012-13

201213

1.95
2.08
1.05
3.12

Domestic market balance sheet (source: Agriwatch)

Figures in million MT
Crop Year October-September
2010-11

2011-12

2012-13 E

Beginning Stocks with govt

24.3

25.51

28.86

Production

95.98

104.32

98

Total Availability

120.28

129.83

126.86

Domestic consumption

48

50

52.5

Govt. Procurement

34.9

35.03

40

Exports

2.77

8.74

7.4

Total Usage

85.67

93.77

99.9

stock with Millers /Stockiest

9.1

7.2

Ending Stocks

25.51

28.86

19.96

Av Monthly Consumption

4.17

4.38

Stock to Month Use

6.38

6.93

4.56

Stock to Consumption Ratio

0.53

0.58

0.38

7.0

Major Exporters

Major rice exporters are Thailand, Vietnam, India, US, Burma and Pakistan. Share of exporters
in total global trade has been uneven depending on uneven production, govt.s policy regarding
export and procurement and price parity. However, Thailand and Vietnam have been two regular
and bigger exporters. India topped this year as the largest exporters due to opening up nonbasmati export in Sept.2011.The below given table shows the yearly export performance by
major exporting countries:
Major Exporters (Fig. in Million MT)
Year

Burma

India

Pakistan

Thailand

United States

Vietnam

2000/2001
2001/2002
2002/2003
2003/2004
2004/2005
2005/2006
2006/2007
2007/2008
2008/2009
2009/2010
2010/2011
2011/2012
2012/2013 E

0.67
1.002
0.388
0.13
0.19
0.047
0.031
0.541
1.052
0.445
0.778
0.7
0.6

1.685
6.3
5.44
3.1
4.569
4.688
5.74
4.654
2.09
2.082
2.774
10.4
7.25

2.429
1.628
1.992
1.868
2.801
3.664
2.839
2.982
2.91
4
3.385
3.75
4

7.521
7.245
7.552
10.137
7.274
7.376
9.557
10.011
8.57
9.047
10.647
6.5
8

2.59
2.954
3.86
3.31
3.496
3.66
2.923
3.336
3.032
3.514
3.528
3.222
3.282

3.528
3.245
3.795
4.295
5.174
4.705
4.522
4.649
5.95
6.734
7
7.2
7

8.0

Major Importers

Global Rice Balance Sheet for major Importing Countries (Figures in million MT)
Country
Beginnin Milled
Proj Prod Import - Export Domestic
g Stocks Prod 12-13 12-13
12
-13
Cons 1112-13
12
Indonesia
4.825
36.9
58.11
1.7
0
39.55
Iran
0.856
1.55
2.348
1.9
0
3.4
Iraq
0.19
0.117
0.176
1.35
0
1.385
Malaysia
0.796
1.7
2.615
1.085
0
2.71
Nigeria
1.18
2.85
4.524
3.2
0
5.2
Philippines
1.809
11
17.46
1.5
0
12.85

Ending
Stocks
11-12
4.825
0.856
0.19
0.796
1.18
1.809

Proj
Imports
2013
3.472
2.544
1.195
1.914
4.02
1.104

Saudi Arabia

0.191

0.959

0.191

1.15

0.02

1.15

9.0

IGC Rice Balance Sheet (As on 29.11.2012)

IGC estimate
released on
17.01.13
Rice
Production
Trade
Consumption
Carry over St.
ear change
Major exporters

10.0

200708

431
29
427
81
5
19

200809

448
29
435
92
11
27

200910

441
31
437
96
4
29

201011

448
36
446
99
2
31

(Quantity in million MT)

2011-12
estimated

464
36
457
105
7
36

2012-13 forecast
29.10.12 (Milled
basis)

17.01.13

464
36
466
104

464
36
467
103
-2
37

37

FOB Prices of Major Exporters (High Quality White Rice)

(USD/MT)

Grade/Variety
100%B - 5%DWP,
US 4%
Brokens, Thai A 1
super
Fragrant homali
/basmati
25%, US-15%
Parboiled, US-4%

11.0

Thailand

Vietnam

India

Pakistan

USA

565

410

455

440

615

540

350

335

350

1145

555

1525

NR

540

375

400

380

610

575

455

455

630

Policy Measures for Rice

S.No.
1

Date
20.03.2008

Policy Measures
Import duty on Semi-milled or wholly milled Rice whether or not
polished or glazed (1006 30) reduced to Nil

01.04.2008

Vide Notification no. 93 (RE-2007)/2004-2009 dated 01.04.08 of DGFT

under Department of Commerce, Export of Non-Basmati Rice (1006 10,
1006 10 10, 1006 10 90, 1006 20 00, 1006 30, 1006 30 10, 1006 30 90,
1006 40 00 ) prohibited.
Export of Basmati Rice including PUSA Basmati 1121, dehusked,
brown, semi-milled, milled both in either par-boiled or raw condition
(10063020) permitted only if the minimum FOB price is US $ 1200 per
MT or Rs. 48,000/- per MT. Grain of rice to be exported shall be more
than 7mm of length and ratio of length to breadth of the grain shall be
more than 3.6. Export to Russian Federation permitted subject preshipment quality certification and Export of Basmati Rice restricted

03.04.2008

10.05.2008

07.12.2009

09.09.2011

21.02.2012

23.02.2012

10

04.07.2012

through Kandla, Kakinada, Kolkata , JNPT, Mumbai , Mundra and

Pipavav ports only.
Vide DGFT notification no 137 (RE-2007)/2004-2009 dated 03.04.08
export of Basmati Rice made not entitled for DEPB benefits under Sl.
No. 22C and 22D of the Miscellaneous Product
Vide notification no. 66/2008-Customs dated 10.05.08, export of Basmati
Rice permitted with export duty of Rs. 8000 per MT.
Export of 10,000 MT of organic wheat allowed per annum vide DGFT
Notification No. 20 (RE-2009)/2009-2014 dated 07.12.2009, subject to
certification/registration by APEDA and export from Customs EDI Ports.
Vide Notification No 71 (RE 2010)/2009-2014 dated 9.9.2011 of
DGFT, all varieties of non-Basmati rice made free for export out
of privately held stocks. Export permitted only through Custom EDI
ports.
Notification No 97 (RE 2010)/2009-2014 21.2.2012 of DGFT,
i) Minimum Export Price (MEP) of Basmati Rice reduced to US$ 700
per MT. Earlier it was US$ 900 or Rs. 41,400/- per MT FOB. MEP is
expressed only in terms of US dollar. (ii) Export is now permitted
through all EDI ports. Earlier it was allowed only through six ports. (iii)
There is no change in any of the other existing conditions for export of
basmati rice as have been notified from time to time. These conditions
have been consolidated in the column Nature of Restrictions in the
table of para 2.
Vide DGFT Notification No. 98 (RE 2010)/2009-2014 dated
23.02.2012 export of non-basmati rice made free with following
conditions:
(i) State Trading Enterprises (STEs) including M/s. NCCF & NAFED
also permitted to export privately held stocks of non-basmati rice.
(ii) Export of non-basmati rice also permitted from non-EDI Land
Custom Stations on Bangladesh and Nepal border. The only
requirement for export through LCS is registration of quantity with
DGFT.
Vide DGFT Notification No.6 (RE-2012) /2009-2014 dated 4.7.2012
MEP on export of basmati rice removed.

11.1

Present policy

Import
Exim Code
1006
1006 10
1006 10 10

Item Description
Policy
Rice
Rice in husk (paddy or rough):
Of seed quality
Restricted

1006 10 90

Other

1006 20 00

Husked (Brown) Rice

1006 30

Semi-milled or wholly milled

rice, whether or not polished or
glazed:

1006 30 10

Rice, parboiled

1006 30 20

Basmati rice

1006 30 90

Other

1006 40 00

Broken rice

Policy Conditions

State Trading
Enterprise
State Trading
Enterprise

Import subject to conditions at

Licensing note (2) below.
Import allowed through FCI subject to
para 2.11 of Foreign Trade Policy.
Import allowed through FCI subject to
para 2.11 of Foreign Trade Policy.

State Trading
Enterprise
State Trading
Enterprise
State Trading
Enterprise
State Trading
Enterprise

Import allowed through FCI subject to

para 2.11 of Foreign Trade Policy.
Import allowed through FCI subject to
para 2.11 of Foreign Trade Policy.
Import allowed through FCI subject to
para 2.11 of Foreign Trade Policy.
Import allowed through FCI subject to
para 2.11 of Foreign Trade Policy.

Export
At present export of rice is free.
12.0

Status in FTAs/PTAs/RTAs

India has kept rice in negative list under major trade agreements like as SAFTA Agreement
(LDCs & non-LDCs), ASEAN FTA, India-Korea CEPA, India-Malaysia CECA, India Japan
CEPA, India-Singapore CECA etc.

13.

SPS

requirements

for

import

of

rice

into

India

(http://plantquarantineindia.org/pdffiles/Consolidated_Version_PQ_Order_2003upto_4th_amendment_2008.pdf )
S.No.

Plant
species

Category of
plant
material

Country
of Origin

Oryza
sativa
(Rice)

(i) Grains for Any

consumption
Country

Additional
declarations
required to be
incorporated into
Phytosanitary
Certificate
Free from Granary
weevil (Sitophilus
granarius)

Special conditions of
import

Fumigation
with
Methyl bromide @
32 g/cu. m at 21oC
and above for 24 hrs
under NAP and the
treatment
to
be
endorsed
on
phytosanitary
certificate or by any
other
fumigant/substance in
the manner approved
by
the
Plant
Protection
Adviser
for this purpose.

Annexure-I
Area, Production and Yield of Rice for the year 2010-11 and 2011-12.
Area - Million Hectares
Production - Million Tonnes
Yield - Kg./Hectare
State
West Bengd
Uttar Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Punjab
Bihar
Tarnil Nadu
Chattisgarh
Odisha
Karnataka
Assam
Haryana
Jharkhand
Maharashtra
Madhya Pradah
Gujarat
Kerala
Others
All India

Area
5.46
5.95
400
2.82
334
2.01
3.77
4.02
1.39
2.17
124
1.69
1.54
1.66
0.82
21
1.79
43.97

2011-12
Production
12.42
13.53
9.31
6.41
7.59
4.58
8.58
9.13
3.17
4.93
2.81
3.85
3.50
3.78
1.86
0.47
4.07
100

Yield
2719
2358
3146
3741
2158
3423
1597
1448
2897
1849
3044
2018
1821
1106
2162
2668
@
2372

Area
4.94
5.66
4.75
2.83
2.83
1.91
3.7
4.23
1.54
2.57
1.25
0.72
1.52
1.6
0.81
0.21
1.79
42.86

2010-11
Production
13.05
11.99
14.42
10.84
3.1
5.79
6.16
6.83
4.19
4.74
3.47
1.11
2.7
1.77
1.5
0.52
3.8
95.98

@ Since area/production is low in individual states, yield rate is not worked out

Yield
2642
2118
3036
3830
1095
3031
1665
1615
2721
1844
2776
1542
1776
1106
1852
2476
@
2239