Module 2 - Hydromet Hazards 4
Module 2 - Hydromet Hazards 4
Module 2 - Hydromet Hazards 4
SUSAN R. ESPINUEVA
HYDRO-METEOROLOGY DIVISION, PAGASA, DOST
Department of Science and Technology Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
Flood forecasting and warning Flood Forecasting and Warning is giving advance notice that a flood is imminent or is in progress at a certain location or in a certain river basin. - Accuracy - Timeliness
Flood Forecasting and warning can only be done if a river system or watershed is equipped with a monitoring facilities, i.e. rainfall and water level monitoring facilities and a good communication system.
Network of rainfall & water level stations for flood forecasting & warning system in the Pampanga river basin
Definition of flood/flooding/inundation Overflowing by water of the normal confines of a stream or body of water, or accumulation of water by drainage over areas which are not normally submerged.
- to forewarn the people living in the low-lying areas of the increase in water level of the river and the expected flood situation;
- to forewarn people living in the target area of the dam on the present and expected flood situation; and - to alert the agencies concerned with flood control and /or flood fighting activities in the event of the occurrence of flood.
Rainfall Station
Water Level Station
Warning Station
Rainfall Supervisory
Relay Station
Field Center
Control Station
Patrol Car
7 17
4 5 6 3 6 2
11 16
2 1 2 2 2 2
Inputs
Forecast Model
Outputs
Rainfall observation
Hourly hydrographs
Observed water level /discharge Rainfall forecasts from Numerical Weather Prediction models
Satellite data
Inundation map
Flood information issued by PAGASA River basin Flood information Telemetered Flood bulletins major river basins (PABC) Hydrological forecasts Telemetered Flood bulletins (Angat, Flood Warning Pantabangan, Information San Roque & Dam Updates Magat Time of issuance 5AM & 5PM, intermediate bulletins are issued at 11AM and 11PM Daily at 8AM As the need arises
Agencies involved in the FFWSDO project implementation: NPC / NIA PAGASA DPWH NWRB OCD
Dam authorities in their respective areas of jurisdiction National flood and warning forecasting center
Monitoring agencies
FFWSDO Protocols
Background Information
ABULOG CAGAYAN
In the Philippines, there are 18 major river basins. Before 2006, early warning system (EWS) on flood covered major river basins.
BICOL
ABRA
TAGALOAN AGUSAN
TAGUM LIBUGANON DAVAO BUAYAN -MALANGUN
CAGAYAN DE ORO
AGUS LAKE LANAO MINDANAO
However, the PAGASA extended the establishment of EWS in other river basins due to the increasing occurrence of flooding in the country.
2. PAGASA
3. Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
3. Installation of monitoring facilities, flood signages & hydrographic surveys establish assessment levels; 4. On-site training of observers 5. Seminar on data observation/ retraining 6. Special IEC and flood drill/dry run 7. Turn over of CBFEWS to LGUs
Water level at the Meaning monitoring station 1 bell or 1-second of Water level has READY People are brief siren for every 2 reached Level 1 made aware of an seconds for 30 impending flood. seconds 2 bells or two 1The Level 1reached GET SET People second siren for the Level 2 in 30 are advised to prepare every 2 seconds for minutes or less for a possible flood. 30 seconds Continuous ringing Water level at the GO People are of bells or siren for monitoring station advised to respond/ 20 to 30 seconds. reached Level 3 evacuate for an expected flood.
Strategies of CBFEWS
D at a O RR Observers bs /Ra er in va fa tio ll W n Up ea da the Disaster te/ r In fo Operation Center r e th fo (DOC) ea In W ate/ d l Municipal Hall al Up f in on Ra ati / a v Water Level at s e r D b Observers O
Target Community
Evacuation Center
Flood info
River Observation
1 Color 2 Speed of Flow 3- Sound 4 Presence of Debris
PDCC
Weather Update / Info
RDCC
Legend: Information starts here in case of large-scale
system (Ex. typhoon and monsoon). Information starts here in case of local/ small-scale system (Ex. Thunderstorm and ITCZ).
Laguna
province
DUMANGAS, Iloilo
Angat &
Pantabangan
FFWSDO
1973 1978
1972
Flood disaster in Bulacan
1983
1986
1992
1993
2003
2004 2009
EO 2011 Ipo telemetered FFWSDO - operational 2012 Caliraya FFWSDO will be operational
1. Establishment of FFWS Centers (buildings) in the other 13 major river basins in the country 2. Installation of 1000 monitoring stations (rainfall and water level gauges all the major river and principal river basins 3. Implementation on FEWS projects (local and foreign funded) 4. Enhancement of flood forecasts showing the extent or limits of inundation NOAH program (DOST) 5. Continue flood hazard mapping activities
www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph