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    Microstrip Patch Antenna Design

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    Ngoc Lan Nguyen
    This document discusses the design principles of microstrip patch antennas. It begins with an introduction of common wireless technologies that use antennas and why microstrip antennas are useful. It then covers the basics of antenna design including wavelength and radiation. Several key design aspects are outlined such as determining initial dimensions using transmission line models, comparing designs using EM solvers, and iterating the design. Equations for calculating antenna footprint dimensions and equivalent circuit models are also presented. An example walkthrough demonstrates applying the equations in Excel and validating the design in an EM solver. The document concludes with discussing the presenter's PhD work on tunable antennas and future research directions.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Microstrip Patch Antenna Design

    Uploaded by

    Ngoc Lan Nguyen
    363 views19 pages
    This document discusses the design principles of microstrip patch antennas. It begins with an introduction of common wireless technologies that use antennas and why microstrip antennas are useful. It then covers the basics of antenna design including wavelength and radiation. Several key design aspects are outlined such as determining initial dimensions using transmission line models, comparing designs using EM solvers, and iterating the design. Equations for calculating antenna footprint dimensions and equivalent circuit models are also presented. An example walkthrough demonstrates applying the equations in Excel and validating the design in an EM solver. The document concludes with discussing the presenter's PhD work on tunable antennas and future research directions.

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    This document discusses the design principles of microstrip patch antennas. It begins with an introduction of common wireless technologies that use antennas and why microstrip antennas are useful. It then covers the basics of antenna design including wavelength and radiation. Several key design aspects are outlined such as determining initial dimensions using transmission line models, comparing designs using EM solvers, and iterating the design. Equations for calculating antenna footprint dimensions and equivalent circuit models are also presented. An example walkthrough demonstrates applying the equations in Excel and validating the design in an EM solver. The document concludes with discussing the presenter's PhD work on tunable antennas and future research directions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    363 views19 pages

    Microstrip Patch Antenna Design

    Uploaded by

    Ngoc Lan Nguyen
    This document discusses the design principles of microstrip patch antennas. It begins with an introduction of common wireless technologies that use antennas and why microstrip antennas are useful. It then covers the basics of antenna design including wavelength and radiation. Several key design aspects are outlined such as determining initial dimensions using transmission line models, comparing designs using EM solvers, and iterating the design. Equations for calculating antenna footprint dimensions and equivalent circuit models are also presented. An example walkthrough demonstrates applying the equations in Excel and validating the design in an EM solver. The document concludes with discussing the presenter's PhD work on tunable antennas and future research directions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    Microstrip Patch Antenna Design Principles

    Ben Horwath

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Outline
    Introduction Antenna basics Microstrip antennas Design methodology Design guidelines Footprint equations Circuit equivalent equations Quick example EM solvers PhD work-to-date Future efforts Some good references Questions
    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Introduction
    For consumer devices, wireless is everywhere!
    LTE (700 MHz), GSM (850MHz/1.9GHz), Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), Bluetooth (2.4 GHz), GPS (1.575 GHz) With more coming: 5G (or whatever),
    Wireless Display, Wireless USB, etc.

    Apples iPhone 4 is popular science

    But illustrates sizes and importance of good antenna design

    Why microstrip antennas?


    The patch antenna is a good place to start for antenna fundamentals
    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Antenna Basics
    How is radiation achieved? Wavelength is key:
    V
    1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -0.2 0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2

    , 2

    * Balanis, Constantine A. Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2005.

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Microstrip Antennas
    With the microstrip antenna, l/2 is a bit too big for consumer mobile devices Typically for space and military applications Easy to design/manufacture, yet very capable
    Good value, great for antenna arrays

    Scale is better for millimeter wave RF (60+ GHz)

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Design Methodology
    Find a comfortable model
    Transmission Line easiest, can be done in Excel Cavity higher accuracy, higher complexity Full Wave very accurate/adaptable, super complex

    Using specifications, generate initial design


    Resonance frequency, gain, substrate, footprint, etc.

    Compare with an EM solver


    Tune parameters such as ereff and DL (more details soon)

    Re-iterate design, prototype, measure Finalize design for manufacturing


    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Design Guidelines
    For microstrip antennas, a good 1st step is to assume a standard substrate
    like Rogers RT/duroid 5880

    Importance of er, h To avoid cross polarization, keep 1 < W/L <1.5 Rule of l/2 versus ~0.48l

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Footprint-Generating Equations
    An initial guess at the patch width:

    [1]

    2 , 2 + 1 + 1 1 = + 1 + 12 2 2 + 0.3
    1 2

    Find effective parameters: [2]

    , > 1

    + 0.264 = 0.412 [3] 0.258 + 0.8 Get patch length: = 2 [4] 2


    * Balanis, Constantine A. Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2005.

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Circuit Equivalent Equations

    [5] 1 = 1 + 1 , 2 = 2 + 2 1 1 2 , = 2 [6] 1 = 120 24 1 0.636 ln [7] 1 = 120 Via admittance transfer function: [9] 2 = 2 + 2 = 1 1 [8] 2 = 1 , 2 = 1

    [10] = 1 + 2 = 21
    [11] 1 = =
    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    For this discussion we will ignore mutual effects

    Quick Example
    Rogers RT/duroid 5880 chosen:
    h=0.508mm, 100mm x 100mm board, er=2.2

    Want an antenna for GSM, fr=1.9GHz Use equations in Microsoft Excel


    W=6.24cm, L=5.30cm, Zin=151.8W Feed set to be 50W (standard): Wo=1.6mm

    Confirm antenna using an EM solver


    Sonnet yields Zin=209.7W at 1.88GHz

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Equations Implemented in Excel

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Sonnet Implementation

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Sonnet S11 Response

    1.88 GHz

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Sonnet Radiation Patterns


    6.5 dBi

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    A Few EM Solvers
    *
    Microwave Office (AXIEM)*

    HFSS* ADS*

    * SCU Design Center


    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Some Good References


    Antenna Theory Constantine Balanis
    Used for Antennas I (ELEN 715)

    Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook Garg et al


    Title says it all, but a few inaccuracies have been found

    Antenna Theory and Microstrip Antennas D.G. Fang

    www.antenna-theory.com
    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    PhD Work-to-date
    Focus on tunable antennas
    Add impedance elements to electrically change the characteristics of the antenna (Zin, E field)

    60 GHz on-chip tunable antennas and array


    Adaptive field patterns tuned by IMPATT diodes

    Mantenna
    Wearable antenna array operating at 50-500 MHz Direction finding for military applications

    77 GHz system optimization


    Extending Prof. Al-Attars monolithic transmitter work
    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Future Efforts
    Gain full theoretical control of the antenna
    Change bandwidth, fr, E field/directivity at will Use a range of IMPATT locations and values

    Investigate adaptive array pattern control


    Optimize via array geometry

    OTA for PhD completion


    Develop a test system, work with industry
    RF tx/rx chains plus control

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

    Questions?

    Contact Info: Ben Horwath [email protected] www.horwathtech.com

    SCU Center for Analog Design and Research

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