TMP 4 DDA
TMP 4 DDA
TMP 4 DDA
pubs.acs.org/IECR
ABSTRACT: The corrosion inhibition effect of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seed extracts for mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5
M H2SO4 solutions was investigated by weight loss and electrochemical methods. The inhibition efficiency increased with an
increase in the extract concentration and decreased with an increase in the temperature. Extract concentrations of 2.5 and 1.5 g
L−1 gave maximum inhibition efficiencies in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively. The immersion time was also found to
influence the corrosion inhibition effect in both acidic media. Polarization curves indicate that the extract functions as a mixed
inhibitor, affecting both the anodic and cathodic partial reactions of the corrosion process. Adsorption of the extract onto a mild
steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The mechanism of physical adsorption has been proposed based on the
trend of the inhibition efficiency with temperature. The date palm seed extract is a better corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl
than in a H2SO4 solution.
© 2013 American Chemical Society 14855 dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie401737u | Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52, 14855−14865
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Article
in a 2 M H2SO4 solution has been reported using weight loss and C R (blank) − C R(inh)
hydrogen evolution methods.25 However, there is no published η%= × 100
C R (blank) (2)
report on the corrosion inhibition effect of DPSE for mild steel in
a HCl solution and electrochemical investigations highlighting where CR(blank) and CR(inh) are the corrosion rates in the
the influence of DPSE on the kinetics of anodic and cathodic absence and presence of the inhibitor, respectively, in 1 M HCl
partial reactions of the corrosion process. The present study was and 0.5 M H2SO4 at the same temperature.
undertaken to evaluate the corrosion inhibition potential of 2.3. Electrochemical Measurements. All electrochemical
DPSE for mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions using experiments were performed in a one-compartment cell with
weight loss, linear polarization, potentiodynamic polarization, three electrodes connected to Gamry Instrument potentiostat/
and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measure- galvanostat/ZRA (Reference 3000) with a Gamry framework
ments at 25 and 60 °C. system based on ESA410. Gamry applications include software
DC105 for corrosion, EIS300 for EIS measurements, and the
2. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Echem Analyst 6.0 software package for data fitting. The mild steel
was the working electrode with an exposed surface area of 0.7855
2.1. Material Preparation. The concentrations of the blank cm2 in the corrosive environment; platinum wire was used as the
corrodent were 1 and 0.5 M prepared from AR-grade 37−38% counter electrode and saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as the
HCl (Merck) and 98% H2SO4 (Baker), respectively. All reference electrode. All potentials were measured versus the SCE
preparations were made using doubly distilled water. The tested reference electrode. Tafel curves were obtained by changing the
extract was prepared by boiling 10 g of dried and ground date electrode potential automatically from −250 to +250 mV versus
palm seed in 1 L of 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively, for the open-circuit potential (Ecorr) at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1. Linear
10 min. The solutions were cooled, filtered using Whatman filter polarization resistance (LPR) experiments were done from −20
paper No. 1, and adjusted to 1 L of volume to obtain a stock to +20 mV versus Ecorr at a scan rate of 0.125 mV s−1. EIS
solution (10 g L−1). Different concentrations of the extract (0.5− measurements were carried out under potentiostatic conditions
2.5 g L−1) were prepared by diluting the stock solution with the in a frequency range from 100 kHz to 100 mHz, with an
respective blank corrodent of 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4. amplitude of 10 mV peak-to-peak, using an alternating-current
Mild steel specimens with the following chemical composition (ac) signal at Ecorr. All experiments were measured after
(weight percentage) were used in the experiments: C, 0.15; Mn, immersion for 30 min in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 with and
1.26; V, 0.017; Si, 0.035; S, 0.008; Cr, 0.036; Ni, 0.03; Al, 0.083; without the addition of inhibitor.
Cu, 0.038; balance Fe. Test coupons for weight loss and 2.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Surface
electrochemical measurements were cut into 3 cm × 3 cm × 0.25 Morphology. Morphological studies of the mild steel electrode
cm dimensions. These coupons were abraded with silicon surface were undertaken by SEM examinations of electrode
carbide abrasive paper (from grade no. 320 to 800), rinsed with surfaces exposed to different test solutions using a JSM-5800 LV
distilled water, placed in an ultrasonic acetone bath for about 5 scanning electron microscope. Mild steel specimens of
min to remove possible residue of polishing, rinsed with acetone, dimensions 3 × 3 × 0.25 cm3 were polished successively with
dried in warm air, and then stored in moisture-free desiccators silicon carbide abraded paper of different grades (nos. 320−800)
prior to use. and thereafter using cloth with 1 μm diamond paste to a near-
2.2. Weight Loss Measurements. Weight loss measure- mirror finished surface. The precleaned coupons were immersed
ments were conducted in glass vessels containing 250 mL of a for 12 h in the blank solutions 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4
test solution maintained at 25 and 60 °C with a thermostatted without and with 1.5 g L−1 DPSE at 25 ± 1 °C, then washed with
water bath. Tests were performed under total immersion in distilled water, dried in warm air, and submitted for SEM surface
aerated and unstirred conditions in the absence and presence of examination.
the inhibitor. In each experiment, triplicate samples of the
precleaned and weighed mild steel coupons were freely 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
suspended in different test solutions. The test coupons were 3.1. Corrosion Rates and Inhibition Efficiency. The effect
retrieved after 24 and 72 h of immersion, thoroughly cleaned of the addition of DPSE tested at different concentrations on the
using the chemical method for cleaning rust products as corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions
previously reported,26 and reweighed using a digital analytical was studied by weight loss measurements at 25 and 60 °C after 24
balance with a sensitivity of 0.1 mg. The weight loss was taken as h of immersion. The results of the weight loss determinations of
the difference between the weight at a given time and the initial mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 media without and with
weight of the coupon. The standard deviation values among the addition of different concentrations of DPSE are presented in
parallel triplicate experiments were found to be smaller than 5%, Figure 1. Figure 1 shows plots of the (a) corrosion rate and (b)
indicating good reproducibility. inhibition efficiency as a function of the concentration of the
From the weight loss values, corrosion rates in terms of extract at 25 and 60 °C for mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M
thickness loss (mm year−1) were computed using the equation H2SO4. These results show that the tested extract inhibits the
corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 at all
87600ΔW concentrations used in this study because there is a general
C R (mm year −1) =
ρAT (1) decrease in the corrosion rates of mild steel at the end of the
corrosion-monitoring process. Inspection of the plots shows
where CR is the corrosion rate, W is the average weight loss (mg), higher corrosion rates in 0.5 M H2SO4 and also reveals clearly
ρ is the density of a mild steel specimen (g cm−3), A is the surface that DPSE inhibited the corrosion of mild steel in both acidic
area of the specimen (cm2), and T is the exposure time (h). environments with a pronounced effect observed in 1 M HCl.
The inhibition efficiency (η %) of DPSEs was evaluated from The corrosion inhibiting effect increases with increasing DPSE
the following equation: concentration, indicating a dependence of the inhibition process
14856 dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie401737u | Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52, 14855−14865
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Article
Figure 1. Plots of the (a) corrosion rate and (b) inhibition efficiency
against the inhibitor concentration at different temperatures for mild
steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 from weight loss measurements.
Figure 5. Impedance plots for mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 in the absence
and presence of different concentrations of DPSE exemplified as (a)
Nyquist and (b) Bode plots.
been attributed to a surface inhomogeneity of structural or layer capacitance (Cdl). The increase in Rct values in inhibited
interfacial origin such as those found in adsorption processes.36 systems, which corresponds to an increase in the diameter of the
The impedance spectra were analyzed by fitting to the Nyquist semicircle, confirms the corrosion inhibiting effect of the
equivalent circuit model shown in parts a and b of Figure 6 for DPSE. The observed decrease in the Cdl values, which normally
results from a decrease in the dielectric constant and/or an
increase in the double-layer thickness, can be attributed to
adsorption of the extract organic matter (with a lower dielectric
constant compared to the displaced adsorbed water molecules)
onto the metal/electrolyte interface, thereby protecting the
metal from corrosive attack.5 The decrease in Cdl is in accordance
with the Helmholtz model given by the following equation:39
εε0A
Cdl =
d (5)
where d is the thickness of the protective layer, ε is the dielectric
constant of the medium, ε0 is the vacuum permittivity, and A is
the effective area of the electrode. The double-layer capacitance,
Cdl, values were obtained at the frequency at which the imaginary
component of the impedance is a maximum from the equation40
1
Cdl =
2πfmax R ct (6)
The inhibition efficiency from the impedance data was
computed by comparing the values of the charge-transfer
Figure 6. Equivalent circuit diagrams used to fit impedance data in the
resistance in the absence and presence of DPSE as follows:
absence and presence of DPSE in (a) 1 M HCl and (b) 0.5 M H2SO4.
R ct − R ct°
mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively. η%= × 100
R ct (7)
The circuit consists of the solution resistance Rs, the charge-
transfer resistance Rct, the constant phase element (CPE) for a where Rct° and Rct are the charge-transfer resistances in the
HCl corrosive medium, and in addition the inductive elements absence and presence of the inhibitor, respectively. The values of
RL and L for a H2SO4 corrosive medium. For the description of a inhibition efficiency given in Tables 2 and 3 for mild steel
frequency-independent phase shift between an applied ac corrosion in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively, show that
potential and its current response, a CPE is used, which is the inhibition efficiency increases with an increase in the
defined in impedance representation as37 concentration of DPSE in 1 M HCl, while in 0.5 M H2SO4, the
inhibition efficiency increases with an increase in the
ZCPE = Y0−1(jω)−n (4) concentration of the extract up to 1.5 g L−1 and thereafter
where Y0 is the CPE constant, n is the CPE exponent, which can decreases with a further increase in the concentration.
be used as a guage of the heterogeneity or roughness of the LPR measurements give a virtual instantaneous measurement,
surface,38 j2 = −1 is an imaginary number, and ω is the angular enabling the corrosion rate and performance of the inhibitors to
frequency in rad s−1. Depending on n, CPE can represent be monitored with time. The most important electrochemical
resistance (ZCPE = R, n = 0), capacitance (ZCPE = C, n = 1), parameter derived from LPR measurements is the polarization
Warburg impedance (ZCPE = W, n = 0.5), or inductance (ZCPE = resistance (Rp), which is defined as the slope of the potential−
L, n = −1). The values of the electrochemical parameters derived current density (E vs i) curve at the corrosion potential, Ecorr. The
from Nyquist plots for mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M polarization resistance values without and with different
H2SO4 in the absence and presence of different concentrations of concentrations of DPSE for mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl
DPSE are listed in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. The results and 0.5 M H2SO4 as well as corrosion inhibition efficiency
presented in the tables reveal that the DPSE increased the obtained by the LPR method are given in Table 4. The inhibition
magnitude of Rct, with a corresponding decrease in the double efficiency from the LPR data was estimated by comparing the
values of the polarization resistance in the absence and presence
Table 2. EIS Parameters for Mild Steel in a 1 M HCl Solution of DPSE as follows:
in the Presence of DPSE Rp
η%=1− × 100
extract Y0 (Ω sn R p° (8)
concn Rs (Ω cm−2) × Rct (Ω Cdl (μF α2 ×
(g L−1) cm2) 10−6 n cm2) cm2) 10−4 η% where Rp° and Rp are the polarization resistances in the absence
1M 3.249 139.7 0.90 54.72 122.7 0.78 and presence of inhibitor (DPSE), respectively. The results
HCl obtained show that the polarization resistance increased upon
0.5 1.884 75.2 0.89 312.4 3.9 2.34 82.48 introduction of DPSE into the corrosive media. Also, the
1.0 3.607 67.8 0.88 325.2 3.6 2.60 83.17 polarization resistance increases with an increase in the
1.5 3.587 66.4 0.89 369.9 2.7 2.67 85.21 concentration of DPSE in an HCl medium. In a H2SO4 medium,
2.0 4.694 65.9 0.89 387.5 2.5 0.92 85.88 the polarization resistance increases with an increase in the DPSE
2.5 3.707 66.3 0.89 414.0 2.2 1.08 86.78 concentration up to 1.5 g L−1 and thereafter decreases. The
14860 dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie401737u | Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52, 14855−14865
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Article
Table 3. EIS Parameters for Mild Steel in a 0.5 M H2SO4 Solution in the Presence of DPSE
extract concn (g L−1) Rs (Ω cm2) Y0 (Ω sn cm−2) × 10−6 n Rct (Ω cm2) L (Ω cm2) RL (Ω cm2) Cdl (μF cm2) α2 × 10−4 η%
0.5 M H2SO4 3.84 165.2 0.89 28.2 257.3 1.08
0.5 5.62 131.4 0.91 117.6 875.4 1199 27.2 1.99 76.0
1.0 6.32 112.3 0.87 147.3 71.1 2107 17.1 2.06 80.9
1.5 5.74 99.9 0.87 177.5 2021.0 3220 11.8 2.68 84.1
2.0 5.99 101.2 0.87 164.8 1401.0 2875 13.6 2.73 82.9
2.5 5.39 146.2 0.88 113.0 431.2 2519 29.3 3.35 75.1
Table 4. Comparison of the Inhibition Efficiencies from the Three Electrochemical Techniques
EIS PDP LPR
acidic medium extract concn (g L−1) Rct (Ω cm−2) η% icorr (μA cm−2) η% Rp (Ω cm−2) η%
1 M HCl 54.72 303.3 44.41
HCl 0.5 312.4 82.5 49.9 83.6 249.1 82.2
1.0 325.2 83.2 48.3 84.1 281.8 84.2
1.5 369.9 85.2 40.7 86.6 360.0 87.7
2.0 387.5 85.9 36.5 87.9 354 87. 5
2.5 414.0 86.8 32.5 89.3 414.4 89.4
0.5 M H2SO4 28.2 836.9 32.54
H2SO4 0.5 117.6 76.0 170.1 79.67 107.7 69.8
1.0 147.3 80.9 116.7 86.1 154.8 78.9
1.5 177.5 84.1 106.6 87.3 168.1 80.6
2.0 164.8 82.9 119.3 85.8 158.2 79.4
2.5 113.0 75.1 175.8 78.9 94.4 65.7
increase in the Rp values in inhibited systems also confirms the studied was computed from the weight loss measurements as η %
corrosion inhibiting effect of the DPSE. Table 5 shows = θ × 100 (assuming a direct relationship between the surface
comparative values of the corrosion inhibition efficiency of coverage and inhibition efficiency) and then fitted theoretically
DPSE with other plant-based extracts for mild steel in acidic to different adsorption isotherms. The value of the correlation
media at ambient temperature. The results in the table show that coefficient (R2) was used to determine the best-fit isotherm. The
the values of the inhibition efficiency obtained from DPSE best result was obtained with a Langmuir adsorption isotherm
compare favorably with other plant extracts reported in the model. Figure 7 shows the plot of C/θ against C. Linear plots
literature. were obtained that show that adsorption of the constituents of
A comparison of some corrosion parameters and inhibition DPSE onto a mild steel surface follows the Langmuir adsorption
efficiencies obtained from the three electrochemical methods isotherm. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm is characterized by
(EIS, PDP, and LPR) used in the present study are given in Table C 1
4. From the table, it can be observed that the values of the = +C
parameters obtained from the three techniques are in good θ K ads (9)
agreement. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies followed the
where θ is the surface coverage, C is the concentration, and Kads is
same trend. DPSE is observed to be a better corrosion inhibitor
the equilibrium constant of the adsorption process and is related
in HCl than in H2SO4. Comparative studies of corrosion
the standard Gibbs free energy of adsorption by the equation
inhibition of organic species in chloride (HCl)- and sulfate
(H2SO4)-containing solutions have shown that the inhibiting 1 ⎛ −ΔGads° ⎞
effect of organic species in HCl is much higher than that in K ads = exp⎜ ⎟
55.5 ⎝ RT ⎠ (10)
H2SO4 acid solutions.41−43 It has been suggested that chloride
ions, being less hydrated than sulfate ions, have a stronger where 55.5 is the concentration of water expressed in mol dm−3,
tendency to adsorb than do sulfate ions on the metal by creating R is the molar gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature.
an excess negative charge toward the solution phase, which favors Adsorption parameters derived from the plots are listed in the
synergistic adsorption on the metal surface.43 This may be the Supporting Information (Table S1). The results in the table
reason for an increased protective effect in the chloride- indicate that Kads, whose values indicate the binding power of the
containing solution. inhibitor to the metal surface,45 is seen to decrease with
3.5. Adsorption Isotherms. The general consensus in increasing temperature. Such behavior can be interpreted on the
corrosion inhibition literature is that the primary step in the basis that increases in the temperature result in desorption of
action of inhibitors in acidic solutions is believed to be adsorption some adsorbed constituents of the extracts on the metal surface
onto the metal surface. This involves the assumption that the and are consistent with the proposed physisorption mechanism.
corrosion reactions are prevented from occurring over the area of The values of the free energy of adsorption, which lie between
the metal surface covered by adsorbed inhibitor species, whereas −9.0 and −18.72 kJ mol−1 (in both environments), indicate that
these corrosion reactions occurred normally on the inhibitor-free the extracts function by physically adsorbing on the metal
area.44 To clarify the nature of the adsorption, the degree of surface. Generally, values of the free energy of adsorption up to
surface coverage (θ) is very important and its value for the −20 kJ mol−1 are consistent with electrostatic interaction
different concentrations of DPSE at the two temperatures between charged molecules and a charged metal (which indicates
14861 dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie401737u | Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52, 14855−14865
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Article
Figure 8. SEM images for exposed mild steel in (a) a 1 M HCl solution, (b) 1 M HCl containing 1.5 g L−1 DPSE, (c) a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. and (d) 0.5
M H2SO4 containing 1.5 g L−1 DPSE at 25 °C for 12 h.
is accompanied by desorption of those constituents of DPSE that temperature, supporting the earlier proposed physisorption
are attached to the metal surface via physical adsorption, leading mechanism for DPSE.
to reduced surface coverage and, hence, lower inhibition 3.7. Surface Morphology. The surface morphologies of
efficiency. exposed mild steel to 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions in the
The activation parameters for the corrosion process were absence and presence of 1.5 g L−1 DPSE after 12 h of immersion
calculated from an Arrhenius-type plot according to the at 25 °C were examined using SEM. The results shown in Figure
following equation: 8a,c reveal that the mild steel specimens underwent active
dissolution, as indicated by the roughness of the surface in the
CR 2 Ea ⎛ 1 1⎞
log = ⎜ − ⎟ absence of DPSE in both acidic environments, as expected due to
CR1 2.303R ⎝ T1 T2 ⎠ (11) corrosive attack of the acidic solutions. The attack was uniform
with no evidence of selective corrosion (localized attack). In the
where CR1 and CR2 are the corrosion rates at temperatures T1 presence of DPSE (parts b and d of Figure 8 in 1 M HCl and 0.5
and T2, respectively, and R is the molar gas constant. M H2SO4, respectively), the rough surface is seen to decrease,
An estimate of the heat of adsorption was obtained from the indicating an inhibiting effect of DPSE on the surface of mild
trend of the surface coverage with the temperature as follows:48
steel due to the formation of protective layers that create a barrier
⎡ ⎛ θ ⎞ ⎛ θ ⎞⎤⎛ TT ⎞ for charge and mass transfer, and there is slight evidence of
Q ads = 2.303R ⎢log⎜ 2
⎟ − log⎜ 1 ⎟⎥⎜ 1 2 ⎟ adsorbate presence on the metal surface.
⎣⎢ ⎝ 1 − θ2 ⎠ ⎝ 1 − θ1 ⎠⎦⎥⎝ T2 − T1 ⎠
kJ mol−1 (12) 4. CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions can be drawn from the work.
where θ1 and θ2 are the degrees of surface coverage at 1. DPSE is found to inhibit the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M
temperatures T1 and T2, respectively. HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions. The inhibition effect is
The calculated values for both parameters are given in concentration-dependent. The extract concentrations of 2.5 and
Supporting Information (Table S2). Inspection of the data shows
1.5 g L−1 gave maximum inhibition efficiency in 1 M HCl and 0.5
that the activation energy is higher in the presence of extracts
M H2SO4, respectively.
compared to the blank solutions. A similar observation has been
reported for the corrosion inhibition effect of steel in 0.2 M HCl 2. The corrosion inhibition effect was also found to be
using date palm leaves and henna extracts.23 This result, in influenced by the immersion time. An increase in the inhibition
addition to the observed decrease in the inhibition efficiency with efficiency with prolonged immersion as the extract concentration
an increase in the temperature, suggests that DPSE did not alter is increased in 1 M HCl was observed, while in a 0.5 M H2SO4
the mechanism of the corrosion process.49 Rather, corrosion solution, a decrease in the inhibition efficiency with an increase in
inhibition occurred primarily through a geometric blocking effect the immersion time was observed with an increase in the extract
of the inhibitor on the mild steel surface, reducing access of the concentration up to 2.0 g L−1.
aggressive corrosive media. The negative Qads values indicate that 3. DPSE offers better corrosion protection for mild steel in 1 M
the degree of surface coverage decreased with increasing HCl than in 0.5 M H2SO4.
14863 dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie401737u | Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52, 14855−14865
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Article
4. Corrosion inhibition is afforded by virtue of adsorption of granatum extract on mild steel in acidic environments: Experimental and
DPSE components onto the mild steel surface, which can be theoretical studies. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2012, 51, 668−677.
approximated by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. (10) Gerengi, H.; Sahin, H. I. Schinopsis lorentzii extract as a green
5. The results of potentiodynamic polarization measurements corrosion inhibitor for low carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution. Ind. Eng.
indicate that DPSE behaved as a mixed inhibitor, affecting both Chem. Res. 2012, 51, 780−787.
(11) Garai, S.; Garai, S.; Jaisankar, P.; Singh, J. K.; Elango, A. A
cathodic hydrogen evolution and anodic mild steel dissolution
comprehensive study on crude methanolic extract of Artemisia pallens
reactions. (Asteraceae) and its active component as effective corrosion inhibitors of
6. Impedance spectra show a high-frequency capacitive loop mild steel in acid solution. Corros. Sci. 2012, 60, 193−204.
related to the charge-transfer process of the metal corrosion and (12) Li, X.; Deng, S.; Fu, H. Inhibition of the corrosion of steel in HCl,
double-layer behavior. H2SO4 solutions by bamboo leaf extract. Corros. Sci. 2012, 62, 163−175.
7. The phenomenon of physical adsorption is proposed from (13) Deng, S.; Li, X. Inhibition by Ginkgo leaves extract of the corrosion
the trend of a decrease in the inhibition efficiency with an of steel in HCl and H2SO4 solutions. Corros. Sci. 2012, 55, 407−415.
increase in the temperature, which is corroborated by the values (14) Pereira, S. S. A.; Pegas, M. M.; Fernandez, T. L.; Magalhaes, M.;
of the kinetic parameters obtained from the experimental data. Schontag, T. G.; Lago, D. C.; de Senna, L. F.; D’Elia, E. Inhibitory action
■
*
ASSOCIATED CONTENT
S Supporting Information
of aqueous garlic peel extract on the corrosion of carbon steel in HCl
solution. Corros. Sci. 2012, 65, 360−366.
(15) Li, L.; Zhang, X.; Lei, J.; He, J.; Zhang, S.; Pan, F. Adsorption and
corrosion inhibition of Osmanthus f ragran leaves extract on carbon steel.
Parameters obtained from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm Corros. Sci. 2012, 63, 82−90.
and activation (Ea and Qads) data. This material is available free of (16) Soltani, N.; Tavakkoli, N.; Khayatkashani, M.; Jalali, M. .R;
charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.
■
Mosavizade, A. Green approach to corrosion inhibition of 304 stainless
steel in hydrochloric acid solution by the extract of Salvia of f icinalis
AUTHOR INFORMATION leaves. Corros. Sci. 2012, 62, 122−135.
Corresponding Author (17) Lebrini, M.; Robert, F.; Lecante, A.; Roos, C. Corrosion inhibition
*E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: +966 3 860 7902. Fax: of C38 steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid medium by alkaloids extract from
+966 3 860 3996. Oxandra asbeckii plant. Corros. Sci. 2011, 53, 687−695.
(18) Ji, G.; Shukla, S. K.; Dwivedi, P.; Sundaram, S.; Prakash, R.
Notes Inhibitive effect of Argemone mexicana plant extract on acid corrosion of
The authors declare no competing financial interest.
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mild steel. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50, 11954−11959.
(19) Krishnegowda, P. M.; Venkatesha, V. T.; Krishnegowda, P. K. M.;
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Shivayogiraju, S. B. Acalypha torta leaf extract as green corrosion
The authors gratefully acknowledge King Fahd University of inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) for providing the facilities for 2013, 52, 722−728.
the research. (20) Kamal, C.; Sethuraman, M. G. Caulerpin, A bis-indole alkaloid as a
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green inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl solution from
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