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    Granite Material Fact Sheet 022509

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    Granite Material Fact Sheet 022509

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    GRANITE

    N AT U R A L S T O N E C O U N C I L

    M A T E R I A L FA C T S H E E T

    MARKET OVERVIEW: The United States is one of the chief producers of dimension stone in the world, having generated an estimated 1.3 million tons in 2006. Granite sales comprised the largest portion of this market at 39% by tonnage. Despite its abundance in the U.S., granite is purchased from a number of other countries. Brazil, China, India, Italy, and Norway typically lead as sources of imports to the U.S. Exports of the material are shipped predominantly to Canada, China, and Italy.
    Sources:  Dolley, T.P. 2007. 2006 Minerals Yearbook: Stone, Dimensional. U.S. Geological Survey. pg. 72.0-72.14. Dolley, T.P. 2008. 2007 Mineral Commodity Summaries: Stone (Dimension). U.S. Geological Survey. pg. 160-161. Stone World Magazine. Monthly Statistics. Accessed 15 December 2008. <http://www.stoneworld.com/CDA/HTML/a8142955339b7010VgnVCM100000f932a8c0>.

    Products & aPPlications: Common Dimensions Characteristics of quarried stone are dependent upon the attributes of the deposit from which the stone was extracted; each quarry is able to offer a range of products unique in dimensions, color, and structural properties to its deposit. Therefore, it is preferable that the designer and stone supplier collaborate closely prior to and throughout the design process since planning a project around readily available stone reduces the environmental impact of raw material extraction. Nevertheless, the most common dimensions of granite on the market are as follows: BLOCKS: Maximum size of 8ft x 5ft x 5ft SLABS: Maximum size of 8ft x 5ft with thickness of 2-3cm Common Building Applications Cladding (exterior/interior) Landscaping Flooring Moulding Other Uses: aggregate, curbing, & mulch Available Finishes TEXTURED Bushhammered Machine -tooled Rock face Sandblasted Shot-sawn Split face Honed Polished Waterblasted

    Photo courtesy of Planet Granite

    formation & sources: Granite is an igneous rock that forms when magma cools slowly beneath the earths surface, forming large, easily visible crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Scientifically, an intrusive (plutonic) igneous rock must contain between 10% and 50% quartz to be classified as granite, but other similar stones such as gabbro, diabase, anorthosite, sodalite, gneiss, and basalt are sometimes sold as granite commercially. The granite quarried in North America comes mainly from the eastern and upper Midwest United States, but quarries can be found from coast to coast.

    Paving Statuary

    SMOOTH

    Circular-sanded Flamed

    Custom finishes may also be available through your stone supplier.

    This factsheet was developed by the Natural Stone Council as part of a continuous effort to provide reliable and useful information regarding Genuine Stone products. The information presented has been extensively reviewed by owners and operators of granite quarries and fabrication facilities. To access factsheets for other stone types and learn more about Genuine Stone, including the industrys environmental initiatives, visit www.genuinestone.com.
    COPYRIGHT 2008 NATURAL STONE COUNCIL

    environmental data: Quarrying Embodied Energy (Btu/ton) Embodied Water (gal/ton) Global Warming Potential (kg CO2 equivalents) 4.6 million 310 100 Processing 17 million 9,500 500

    indoor air qualitY: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) None emitted directly from granite May source from adhesives and sealants applied; low-VOC options are available on the market Resources: refer to MSDS of chemical(s) used

    Source:  Natural Stone Council. Granite Dimensional Stone Quarrying and Processing:A Life-Cycle Inventory. August 2008. Center for Clean Products. University of Tennessee. <http://isse.utk. edu/ccp/projects/naturalstone/results_pubs.html>.

    PhYsical ProPerties: A wide variety of granites exist on the market, both foreign and domestic, and these can be drastically different in density, hardness, porosity, and aesthetics. Users should verify that the granite they plan to use is applicable to the demands of the project and has a successful history in such installations. ASTM test data is the most common data available to compare the properties of any stone, including granite. Performance: Durability Countertops: lifetime Flooring: 100 years with proper maintenance Exterior applications: lifetime
    Source: N  ational Association of Home Builders. 2007. Study of Life Expectancy of Home Components. <http://www.nahb.org/fileUpload_details.aspx?contentID=72475>.

    Reuse & Recyclability Ensure reclaimed granite meets ASTM specifications before using for structural purposes Example applications: Concrete mixture Landscaping Retaining walls Fill Re-installation on new buildings Statuary ASTM standards: ASTM C-615 Standard Specification for Granite Dimension Stone Includes material characteristics, physical requirements, and sampling appropriate to the selection of granite for general building and structural purposes. The table below lists the required test values for granite; the necessary tests are prescribed by and located in the ASTM standards. PROPERTY
    Density, min lb/ft3 (kg/m3) Absorption by weight, max, % Compressive strength, min, psi (MPa) Modulus of rupture, min, psi (MPa) Abrasion resistance, min, hardness* Flexural strength, min, psi (MPa) *Pertains only to stone subject to foot traffic.

    Photo by Jennifer Adams

    Walkways

    REQUIRED TEST VALUE


    160 (2560) 0.40 19,000 (131) 1500 (10.34) 25 1200 (8.27)

    Adapted from C-615 Standard Specification for Granite Dimension Stone, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be obtained from ASTM (www.astm.org).

    Photo by Jennifer Adams

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