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Python Reference Card

The document provides a reference card summarizing common Python statements, operators, and data types for learning Python through data hacking and examples parsing CSV and XML data files and downloading data from the web. It covers variable assignment, printing, conditionals, strings, lists, dictionaries, files, exceptions, functions, modules, loops, and basic data types. Examples demonstrate reading and processing CSV portfolio data and parsing an XML portfolio file to perform calculations on the data.

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marczucker
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663 views2 pages

Python Reference Card

The document provides a reference card summarizing common Python statements, operators, and data types for learning Python through data hacking and examples parsing CSV and XML data files and downloading data from the web. It covers variable assignment, printing, conditionals, strings, lists, dictionaries, files, exceptions, functions, modules, loops, and basic data types. Examples demonstrate reading and processing CSV portfolio data and parsing an XML portfolio file to perform calculations on the data.

Uploaded by

marczucker
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Learn Python Through Data Hacking

Basic Statements name = value! print(item)! ! ! Variable Assignment Printing Conditional String Operations len(s)! ! ! s[n]!! ! ! s[start:end] s.strip([chrs]) s.upper() s.lower() s.split([sep]) s.startswith(prefix) s.endswith(suffix) sep.join(parts) List Operations items = []! ! len(items) items[n] items[start:end] items.append(x) items.insert(n, x) items.remove(x) items.sort() for x in items: statements [expr for x in items if condition] Dictionary Operations map = { } ! ! map[key] = value v = map[key] del map[key] key in map map.keys() map.values() map.items() # # # # # # # # Empty dict Assign item Lookup item Delete item Test exists List of keys List of vals List of items # # # # # # # # # Empty list Length Indexing Slice Add to end Insert at n Remove x Sort items Iteration # # # # # # # # # # Length Indexing Slice Strip chars Case convert Case convert Split on sep Test start Test end Join parts

Reference Card
Operators x x x x x x x x x x x + y - y * y / y ** y < y <= y > y >= y == y != y ! !# Math

if condition:! ! statements else: statements while condition:! statements

# Tests

Loop on condition

for x in sequence:! Iterate over data statements def func(x, y, z):! Dene a function statements return result import module! ! Library import

x in y! x not in y

# Membership

try:!! ! ! Exceptions statements except Exception as e: statements Basic Python Types None!! ! ! True, False! ! 123 !! 12.34 ! 'Hello' ! "World" ! ! ! [1, 2, 3] ! ('ACME', 50, 91.1)! {'a' : 2, 'b': 3}! Nothing Booleans Integer Float String String List Tuple Dictionary

Files # Read file all at once f = open('filename','r') data = f.read() f.close() # Read file line-by-line f = open('filename', 'r') for line in f: statements f.close() # Write to a file f = open('filename','w') f.write(text) f.close()

# List # Comprehension

Learn Python Through Data Hacking


Parsing CSV Data portfolio.csv Name,Shares,Price "AA",100,32.20 "IBM",50,91.10 "CAT",150,83.44 "MSFT",200,51.23 "GE",95,40.37 "MSFT",50,65.10 "IBM",100,70.44 # Read data and perform a calculation import csv f = open('portfolio.csv', 'r') total = 0.0 for row in csv.DictReader(f): shares = int(row['Shares']) price = float(row['Price']) total += shares * price f.close() # Turn the file into a list of dicts f = open('portfolio.csv', 'r') portfolio = list(csv.DictReader(f)) f.close() # Sort data by price portfolio.sort(key=lambda s: s['Price']) # Filtering data more100 = [s for s in portfolio if s['Shares'] > 100] Parsing XML Data portfolio.xml <portfolio> <stock> <name>AA</name> <shares>100</shares> <price>32.20</shares> </stock> <stock> <name>IBM</name> <shares>50</shares> <price>91.1</price> </stock> ... </portfolio> # Parse XML and perform a calculation from xml.etree.ElementTree import parse doc = parse('portfolio.xml') total = 0.0 for stock in shares = price = total +=

Examples

doc.findall('stock'): int(stock.findtext('shares')) float(stock.findtext('price')) shares * price

Downloading Data From the Web # Python 2 import urllib u = urllib.urlopen('http://www.python.org') data = u.read() # Python 3 import urllib.request u = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.python.org') data = u.read()

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