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    Historical Background of Orienteering

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    leomille2
    Orienteering began as humans explored unmapped areas and has grown into a large competitive sport. Events in Sweden can attract over 10,000 competitors over 5 days. Orienteering involves cross country running with a map and compass to navigate between checkpoints. It is a lifelong sport that can be done individually or in groups to improve fitness and develop outdoor skills like navigation and self-reliance.

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    Historical Background of Orienteering

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    leomille2
    368 views2 pages
    Orienteering began as humans explored unmapped areas and has grown into a large competitive sport. Events in Sweden can attract over 10,000 competitors over 5 days. Orienteering involves cross country running with a map and compass to navigate between checkpoints. It is a lifelong sport that can be done individually or in groups to improve fitness and develop outdoor skills like navigation and self-reliance.

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    Orienteering began as humans explored unmapped areas and has grown into a large competitive sport. Events in Sweden can attract over 10,000 competitors over 5 days. Orienteering involves cross country running with a map and compass to navigate between checkpoints. It is a lifelong sport that can be done individually or in groups to improve fitness and develop outdoor skills like navigation and self-reliance.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    368 views2 pages

    Historical Background of Orienteering

    Uploaded by

    leomille2
    Orienteering began as humans explored unmapped areas and has grown into a large competitive sport. Events in Sweden can attract over 10,000 competitors over 5 days. Orienteering involves cross country running with a map and compass to navigate between checkpoints. It is a lifelong sport that can be done individually or in groups to improve fitness and develop outdoor skills like navigation and self-reliance.

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    BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ORIENTEERING Orienteering began when humans, seeking new horizons, first ventured from their

    familiar environs into an unmapped world, Organized orienteering however, is a relatively new addition to the sports world particularly in the United States. Today, some orienteering meets rank as the largest participative athletic events in the world: the O-Ringen competition in Sweden attracts ever 10,000 competitors for 5 days of competition. More and more people are engaging in orienteering as a form of a recreational activity and a competitive sport, including Filipinos. This can be organized and commonly found accessible tracts of land. Schoolyards, parks and town forest reserves are ideal places to hold an orienteering course. This activity can be conducted for males and females organized in groups, pairs, or individuals. Values Orienteering has many appealing attributes for modern physical education and recreation. People from 10 to 70 years old, even without extraordinary physic, physical and mental abilities, can participate in this sport. This can be a lifetime sport. The participants in this activity have to be competitive since they are engaged in a wide range of commitment and challenge. OBJECTIVES Orienteering, in whatever setting it might be offered, can foster the attitude that the outdoors is a safe and interesting place. The following objectives are considered outcomes of an orienteering program: 1. 2. 3. 4. Gain the basic skills of land navigation using a map and a compass Improve ones physical fitness Learn to be self-reliant in the outdoors. Acquire an increased awareness of the environment.

    DEFINITION OF TERMS: 1. Orienteering - is a challenging outdoor adventure activity that combines cross country running and the ability to read a map and use a compass. 2. Map - is a graphical representation of the earth surface projected to the plane and drawn to scale. 3. Map Reading is the knowledge and skills necessary to interpret correctly and efficiently map information. 4. Compass - is an instrument used to measure an azimuth on the ground. 5. Azimuth - is an angle measured clockwise from magnetic, true and grid north base lines. 6. Back Azimuth - is simply the azimuth viewed backward. TWO MAJOR TOOLS USED IN OREENTEERING 1. Map 2. Compass TYPES OF COMPASSES WHICH CAN ALSO BE USED IN ORIETEERING ACTIVITIES 1. Plain watch compass This compass appears as a pocket watch and is suitable for general travel that requires limited accuracy 2. Wrist compass Similar to the plain watch compass, the wrist compass has a wrist band, allowing the wearer free use of both the hands. 3. Lensatic compass E Also called the army prismatic compass, the lensatic compass features excellent sighting devices but is lacking a protractor base, so it cannot be used to take a compass bearing.

    4. Mirror compass The mirror compass is similar to an orienteering compass, but it also has a sighting device that uses a mirror for added precision. The mirror compass is used for course setting, map making, and backpacking, but is considered too heavy for conventional orienteering. SIX STEPS IN MAP ANALYSIS 1. Marginal Information 2. Coordinates 3. Directions

    4. Scale, Distance. 5. Elevation and Relief 6. Symbols, Conventional Signs and Colors

    MARGINAL INFORMATION - an instruction placed around the outer edges of the map a. Sheet Name found in center of the top margin. b. Sheet Number - found on the upper right margin. c. Series name and Scale found in upper left margin, these are the name and scale of a map series. d. Series Number - appears in the upper right hand margin and the lower left margin. e. Edition Number - found in either in the upper margin or the lower margin. f. Bar Scale &.Map Scale - they are located in the lower margin and centered on the map. g. Legend - located in the lower left margin. It illustrates and identifies some of the symbols used on the map. h. Declination Diagram - located in the lower margin and indicates the relationship of map feature to true north, grid north, and magnetic north. i. Declination Protractor - consist of an index point along the lower border of map labelled "P" and a protractor scale which is in the upper margin. j. Coverage Diagram ~ found in the lower left margin and indicates the methods by which map was made. k. Index to Adjoining Sheets - appears in the lower margin. It identifies the map sheets surrounding the map you have in your position. l. Index to Boundaries - .appear in the lower margin and right hand margin of the map. COORDINATES a. Finding Grid Square b. Finding Grid Coordinate. RULE IN READING THE MAP Read, Right, Up RULE IN FINDING THE BACK AZIMUTH If the forward azimuth is more than 180 degrees, subtract 180 degrees, if it less than 180 degrees, add 180 degrees. FINDING THE FOLLOWING: 1. Age of the Map (AOM) 2. Magnetic Variation (MV) 3. Grid Declination (GD) 4. Magnetic Declination (MD) 5. Grid Magnetic Angle (GMA) Formula: 1. Present Year minus the year when the map was made = AOM 2. Age of the map multiplied by the Annual Magnetic Change = MV 3. Grid North plus True North = GD 4. True North plus Magnetic North = MD 5. Grid Declination plus Magnetic Declination = GMA

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