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Programming Android - Graphics

This document discusses various techniques for 2D graphics and animation in Android, including: - Drawing to views or canvases - Using shapes, drawables, paints, and canvases - Animating properties over time through transition drawables, animation drawables, and animators - Advanced techniques like SurfaceView for threaded drawing and multi-touch gestures

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Vivien Hajdu
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161 views59 pages

Programming Android - Graphics

This document discusses various techniques for 2D graphics and animation in Android, including: - Drawing to views or canvases - Using shapes, drawables, paints, and canvases - Animating properties over time through transition drawables, animation drawables, and animators - Advanced techniques like SurfaceView for threaded drawing and multi-touch gestures

Uploaded by

Vivien Hajdu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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2D Graphics

ImageView Canvas

View Animation Property Animation

Draw to a View
Simple graphics, little or no updating

Draw to a Canvas
More complex graphics, with regular updates

Something that can be drawn, such as a bitmap, color, shape, etc. Examples: BitmapDrawable ShapeDrawable ColorDrawable

Can set Drawable objects on Views Can do this via XML or programmatically

Applications display a single ImageView ImageView holds an image of a bubble

Demonstration of the! GraphicsBubbleXML and GraphicsBubbleProgram ! projects in the IDE"

Used for drawing primitive shapes Shape represented by a Shape class PathShape - lines RectShape - rectangles OvalShape - ovals & rings

Applications display two Shapes within a RelativeLayout The two shapes are partially overlapping and semi-transparent

Demonstration of the! GraphicsShapeDraw! project in the IDE"

A Bitmap (a matrix of Pixels) A Canvas for drawing to the underlying Bitmap A Drawing Primitive (e.g. Rect, Path, Text, Bitmap) A paint object (for setting drawing colors & styles)

Canvas supports multiple drawing methods drawText() drawPoints() drawColor() drawOval() drawBitmap()

Specifies style parameters for drawing, e.g., setStrokeWidth() setTextSize() setColor() setAntiAlias()

Application draws several boxes holding text, so using different paint settings each time

Demonstration of the! GraphicsPaint! project in the IDE"

Can draw to generic Views, or to SurfaceViews

Use when updates are infrequent Create a custom View class System provides the canvas to the View when it calls the Views onDraw() method

Create a Custom SurfaceView Provide secondary thread for drawing Application provides its own canvas and has greater control over drawing

This application draws to custom View It has an Internal Thread that periodically wakes up and causes the View to move and to be redrawn

Demonstration of the! GraphicsCanvasBubble! project in the IDE"

Used for more high-performance drawing outside the UI thread

SurfaceView manages a low-level drawing area called a Surface The Surface represent a drawing area within the View hierarchy

Subclass SurfaceView & implement SurfaceHolder.Callback SurfaceHolder.Callback declares lifecycle methods that are called when the Surface changes

Set up SurfaceView Draw to SurfaceView

Use SurfaceViews getHolder() to acquire Surface

Register for callbacks with SurfaceHolders addCallback() surfaceCreate() surfaceChanged() surfaceDestroyed()

Create the thread on which drawing operations will execute

Acquire lock on Canvas


SurfaceHolder.lockCanvas()

Draw
Canvas.drawBitmap()

Unlock Canvas
SurfaceHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost()

Demonstration of the! GraphicsCanvasBubbleSurfaceView! project in the IDE"

Changing the properties of a View over a period of time Size Position Transparency Orientation

TransitionDrawable AnimationDrawable Animation

A 2-layer Drawable Can fade between 1st & 2nd layers

This application uses the same shapes as the GraphicsShapeDraw applications Shows Cyan shape then fades to Magenta shape

Demonstration of the! GraphicsTransitionDrawable! project in the IDE"

Animates a series of Drawables Each Drawable is shown for a specific amount of time

Uses an Animation Drawable to present a frame by frame animation

Demonstration of the! GraphicsFrameAnimation! project in the IDE"

A series of transformations applied to the content of a View Can Manipulate animation timing to give effect of sequential or simultaneous changes

Application displays a single ImageView and animates several of its properties

Demonstration of the! GraphicsFrameAnimation! project in the IDE"

Animation - Changing properties of an Object over a period of time

ValueAnimator Timing engine TimeInterpolator defines how values change as a function of time AnimatorUpdateListener called back at every animation frame change TypeEvaluator Calculates a propertys value at a given point in time

AnimatorSet combines individual animations to create more complex animations

Uses a ValueAnimator to animate changing an ImageViews background color

Demonstration of the! GraphicsValueAnimator! project in the IDE"

Same as the GraphicsTweenAnimation, Uses the ViewPropertyAnimator class, which is a simplified animator for Views

Demonstration of the! GraphicsViewPropertyAnimator! project in the IDE"

MultiTouch & Gestures

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