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IS 6135 (1981): Soda Ash, Fused, Technical [CHD 1:
Inorganic Chemicals]
IS : 6135 - 1981
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL
( First Revision )
First Reprint MARCH 1993
UDC 661.321.1
Copyright 1982
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
January 1982 Gr 3


AMENDMENT NO. 1 JULY 1988
TO
IS : 6135 - 1981 SPECIFICATION FOR
SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL
( First Revision )
( Page 4, clause 2.2 ) Substitute the following for the existing
clause :
'2.2 Volatile Matter Content The material, when tested according
to the method prescribed in Appendix A, shall show volatile matter
content not exceeding 2 percent at the time of manufacture and packing.'
( CDC 56 )
Printed at Simco Printing Pr ess, Delhi, India

Acids, Alkalis and Halides Sectional Committee, CDC 56
Chairman
PROF K. S. RAO
Members
DR J. R. SANGHAVI ( Alternate
Prof K. S. Rao )
SHRI S. K. BASU
Representing
Central Salt & Mari ne Chemicals Research Institute,
Bhavnagar
to
Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,
New Delhi
SHRI D. S. CHOWDHURY ( Alternate )
SHRI M. L. BHAMBANI
SHRI R. C. BHATACHARYA
National Test House, Calcutta
Directorate General of Technical Development,
New Delhi
SHRI H. KHAPARDE ( Alternate )
SHRI P. S. HARI HARAKRI SHNAN
SHRI B. N. LAHI RI
SHRI A. S. NATARAJAN
The Travancore Rayons Ltd, Rayonpuram
Salt Commissioner, Govt of India, Jai pur
Standard Alkali, Chemicals Division, Bombay
SHRI T. P. VENAKATRAMAN ( Alternate )
SHRI M. PADMANABAN
SHRI ASHOK PAREKH
The Met t ur Chemical & Industrial Corporation Ltd,
Met t ur Dam
Gwalior Rayon Silk Mfg ( Wvg ) Co Ltd, Nagda
SHRI M. K. MAHESHWARI ( Alternate )
SHRI N. S. PARTHASARTHY E. I. D. -Parry ( India ) Ltd, Madras
SHRI A. G. KRI PAL SI NGH ( Alternate )
SHRI A. K. RAO D. C. M. Chemical Works, New Delhi
SHRI D. V. N. SASTRY ( Alternate )
SHRI V. N. RAO Tat a Chemicals Ltd, Bombay
SHRI R. K. GANDHI ( Alternate )
SHRI P. RAO Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Lt d, Calcutta
SHRI R. K. CHATTERJEE ( Alternate )
SHRI N. K. SACHAR
SHRI J . B. SHARMA ( Alternate )
SHRI G. R. SANTHANAKRISHNAN
SHRI K. V. MANI ( Alternate )
Gujarat Alkalies and Chemicals Lt d, Vadodara
Travancore Chemical & Mfg Co Ltd, Mettur Dam
( Continued on page 2 )
Copyright 1982
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher thall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL
(First Revision)
IS : 6135 - 1981

IS : 6135 - 1981
( Continued from page 1 )
Members
SHRI V. S. SAXENA
SHRI R. C. SINHA ( Alternate )
DR N. SEN
SHRI S. K. SUBBAROYAN
DR A. N. BHAT ( Alternate )
SHRI J. N. TAWAKLEY
Representing
Ballarpur Industries Ltd, New Delhi
Indian Soap and Toiletries Makers' Association,
Bombay
Hindustan Lever Ltd, Bombay
Indian Dyestuff Industries Ltd, Bombay
SHRI N. R. FADNIS ( Alternate )
SHRI S. S. THAKUR Indian Paper Mills Association, Calcutta
SHRI N. K. GUPTA ( Alternate )
DR M. S. VAIDYA
SHRI H. K. VENKATARAMAIAH
DR K. M. VERMA
SHRI B. R. WALAVALKAR
Dharamsi Morarji Chemical Co Ltd, Bombay
Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd, Rasayani
Fertilizer ( Planning and Development ) India Lt d,
Sindri
Saurashtra Chemicals, Porbandar
SHRI L. K. MALAVIYA ( Alternate )
DR HARI BHAGWAN,
Director ( Chem )
Director General, ISI ( Ex-officio Member )
Secretary
SHRI S. K. MATHUR
Deputy Director ( Chem ), ISI
Alkalis and Allied Products Subcommittee, CDC 56 : 2
Convener
SHRI B. R. WALAVALKAR
Members
Saurashtra Chemicals, Porbandar
SHRI L. K. MALAVIYA ( Alternate to
Shri B. R. Walavalkar )
SHRI M. L. BHAMBANI
SHRI M. V. DESAI
DR J. M. TUREL ( Alternate )
SHRI P. S. HARIHARAKRISHNAN
SHRI J AI . GOPAL JAIN
SHRI R. N. MODY
National Test House, Calcutta
The Atul Products Ltd, Atul
Travancorc Rayons Ltd, Rayonpuram
Dhrangadhra Chemical Works Ltd, Dhrangadhra
Indian Soap & Toiletries Makers' Association,
Bombay
SHRI R. S. VAIDYANATHAN ( Alternate )
SHRI A. S. NATARAJAN Standard Alkali, Bombay
SHRI T. P. VENKATARAMAN ( Alternate )
SHRI M. R. RAMACHANDRAN Tat a Chemicals Ltd, Mithapur
SHRI S. GANAPATHY ( Alternate )
SHRI RAMESH CHAND All India Glass Mfrs' Association, New Delhi
SHRI C. K. L. SOMANY ( Alternate )
SHRI D. SESHASAYEE Mettur Chemical & Industrial Corporation Lt d,
Mettur Dam
SHRI R. V. RAMANI ( Alternate )
SHRI M. P. SHENOY
SHRI R. C. SINHA
SHRI T. L. BOLIA ( Alternate )
SHRI J. N. TAWAKLEY
SHRI N. R. FADNIS ( Al t ernat e )
SHRI S. S. THAKUR
Tat a Oil Mills Co Ltd, Bombay
Ballarpur Industries Lt d, Yamunanagar
Indian Dyestuff Industries Ltd, Bombay
Indian Paper Mills Association, Calcutta
SHRI P. L. BURMAN ( Alternate )
2
IS : 6135 - 1981
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL
(First Revision)
0. F O R E WO R D
0.1 This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian
Standards Institution on 1 October 1981, after the draft finalized by the
Acids, Alkalis and Halides Sectional Committee had been approved
by the Chemical Division Council.
0.2 This Indian Standard was originally issued in 1971. The Sectional
Committee responsible for its preparation decided to revise it in the
light of the progress made by the industry. In the revised standard, the
minimum limit for alkalinity has been raised from 96 to 97 percent and
the maximum limit for sulphate has been lowered to 1.5 percent. The
material is hygroscopic and it absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide
from the atmosphere. An adjustment in the mass of the material has,
therefore, been permitted in the present revision if the volatile matter
exceeds 2 percent.
0.3 Soda ash, fused, is mainly used in foundries for ferious castings for
the removal of sulphur from pig iron. It melts high up in the cupola
stack where it fluxes with limestone and helps to speed up the combustion
reactions and restricts the oxidising melting zone at the tuyeres. It
thereby gives sound castings with superior grain structure and, being a
good degasifier, minimizes the blow hole defects. It also imparts
fluidity to the slag, thus ensuring smoother and continuous cupola
operation.
0.4 Soda ash, fused, is sold under various trade names. It is the fused
and densified form of soda ash, technical, and comes in the form of pigs
weighing 1.0 0.2 kg each. In this form, it is less liable to weathering
and deterioration. It is mainly soda ash and does not crumble and dust.
It has a fusion point of about 850C. It does not require any special
storage facilities.
0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of
this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in
3
IS : 6135 - 1981
accordance with IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained
in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified
value in this standard.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of
sampling and test for soda ash, fused, technical.
2. REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Descri pti on The material shall be in the form of light grey
pigs weighing about 1.0 0.2 kg.
2.2 Vol ati l e Matter Content The material, when tested according
to the method prescribed in Appendix A, shall show volatile matter
content not exceeding 2 percent.
2.2.1 If the material shows a volatile matter exceeding 2 percent, the
delivery mass shall be adjusted as prescribed below:
Mass of material to be credited =
where
M = mass in g of the material actually delivered, and
A = percentage of volatile matter in the material as
delivered.
2.3 The material, when tested according to the methods prescribed in
Appendix B, shall comply with the requirements given in Table 1.
Reference to the relevant clauses of Appendix B is given in col 4 of the
table.
3. PACKING AND MARKING
3.1 Packing Fifty to fifty five pigs shall be packed in double gunny
bags with grass packing weighing approximately 50 kg net or as agreed
to between the purchaser and the supplier.
3.2 Marking Each package shall be marked with the manufacturer' s
name or trade-mark, if any, mass of the material in the container
and batch number.
*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ).
4
IS : 6135 - 1981
S L
No.
(1)
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
TABLE 1 REQUIREMENTS FOR SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL
( Clause 2.3 )
CHARACTERISTIC
(2)
Tot al alkalinity ( as Na
2
CO
2
), percent
by mass, Min
Mat t er insoluble in wat er, percent by
mass, Max
Sulphate ( as Na
2
SO
4
), percent by
mass, Max
Chlorides ( as NaCl ), percent by mass,
Max
Iron ( as Fe
2
O
3
), percent by mass, Max
REQUI REMENT
( ON DRY BASIS )
(3)
97.0
0.3
1.5
1.0
0.10
METHOD OF
TEST ( R E F
TO CL NO. I N
APPENDI X B )
(4)
B-3
B-4
B-5
B-6
B-7
3.2.1 The bags may also be marked with the ISI Certification Mark.
NOTE The use of the ISI Certification Mark is governed by the provisions of the
Indian Standards Institution (Certification Marks) Act and the Rules and Regu-
lations made thereunder. The ISI Mark on products covered by an Indian Standard
conveys the assurance t hat they have been produced to comply with the require-
ments of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and quality
control which is devised and supervised by ISI and operated by the producer. ISI
marked products are also continuously checked by ISI for conformity to t hat
standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence for t he
use of the ISI Certification Mark may be granted to manufacturers or processors
may be obtained from the Indian Standards Institution.
4. SAMPLING
4.1 Representative samples of the material shall be drawn and adjudged
at prescribed in Appendix C.
A P P E N D I X A
( Clause 2.2 )
DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE MATTER CONTENT
A-1. PROCEDURE
A-1.1 Place about 2 g of the material ( see B-2.1 ) in a weighing bottle
provided with a stopper and weigh accurately. Remove the stopper and
heat for 1 h at a temperature of 250 to 300 C. Cool in a desiccator.
Place the stopper and weigh. Repeat until the mass remains constant.
5

IS : 6135 - 1981
A-2. CALCULATION
Volatile matter content,
percent by mass =
where
M
1
= mass in g of the material before heating, and
M
2
= mass in g of the material after heating.
A P P E N D I X B
( Clause 2.3 and Table 1 )
METHOD OF TEST FOR SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL
B-1. QUALITY OF REAGENTS
B-1.1 Unless specified otherwise, pure chemicals and distilled water
( see IS : 1070-1977* ) shall be used in tests.
NOTE 'Pure chemicals' shall mean chemicals that do not contain impurities
which affect the results of analysis.
B-2. PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE
B-2.1 Powder about 20 g of the material and pass it through 250-micron
IS sieve and use this material for the determination of voltatile matter
content. Use this prepared sample for further analysis.
B-3. DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ALKALINITY
B-3.1 Reagents
B-3.1.1 Standard Hydrochloric Acid 1 N.
B-3.1.2 Methyl Orange Indicator Solution Dissolve 0.01 g of methyl
orange in 100 ml of water.
B-3.2 Procedure Weigh accurately about 1 g of the prepared sample.
Transfer it completely to a 500-ml conical flask and dissolve it in 100
ml of water. Add 4 drops of methyl orange indicator solution and
titrate with standard hydrochloric acid.
*Specification for water for general laboratory use ( second revision ).
6
IS : 6135 - 1981
B-3.3 Calculation
Total alkalinity ( as Na
2
CO
3
),
percent by mass =
where
A = volume in ml of standard hydrochloric acid used in
titration,
N = normality of standard hydrochloric acid, and
M = mass in g of the material taken for the test.
B-4. DETERMINATION OF MATTER INSOLUBLE IN WATER
B-4.1 Procedure Weigh accurately about 10 g of the prepared
sample ( see B-2 ). Transfer it to a 400-ml beaker, add about 100 ml of
freshly boiled distilled water and boil the soultion for about 10 minutes.
Filter through a weighed sintered glass crucible ( G No. 4 ) or Gooch
crucible. Wash thoroughly with hot water and dry to constant mass at
110 5C.
B-4.2 Calculation
Matter insoluble water,
percent by mass =
where
M
1
= mass in g of the residue, and
M
2
= mass in g of the material taken for the test.
B-5. DETERMINATION OF SULPHATES
B-5.1 Reagents
B-5.1.1 Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid See IS : 265-1976*.
B-5.1.2 Barium Chloride Solution 10 percent ( m/v ).
B-5.2 Procedure Dissolve about 5 g of the prepared sample
( see B-2 ), accurately weighed, in 100 ml of water and add concentrated
hydrochloric acid to make the solution slightly acidic. Boil well to
decompose the carbonates. Cool, filter through a folded filter paper and
wash the filter paper thoroughly, collecting the filtrate and washing in a
500-ml beaker. Dilute combined filtrate and washings to about 250 ml,
boil and add 10 ml of hot barium chloride solution to the boiling solution.
*Specification for hydrochloric acid ( second revision ).
7

IS : 6135 - 1981
Boil again for 2 min, let it stand for 4 h and filter through a tared Gooch
crucible or sintered glass crucible G 4. Wash the precipitate free from
chlorides and dry to constant mass at 110 5C
B-5.3 Calculation
Sul phat es ( as Na
2
SO
4
),
per cent by mass =
wher e
C = mass in g of t he preci pi t at e, and
M = mass in g of material taken for the test.
B-6. DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES
B-6.1 Reagents
B-6.1.1 Concentrated Nitric Acid see IS : 264-1976*.
B-6.1.2 Standard Silver Nitrate Solution 0.1 N.
B-6.1.3 Nitrobenzene
B-6.1.4 Standard Ammonium Thiocyanate Solution 0.1 N.
B-6.1.5 Ferric Ammonium Sulphate Indicator Solution Sat ur at ed.
B-6.2 Transfer about 2 g of the prepared sample, ( see B-2 ), accurately
weighed, to a conical flask, neutralise with concentrated nitric acid and
then add 5 ml of the acid in excess. Add 20 ml of standard silver
nitrate solution. Add 3 ml of nitrobenzene and shake vigorously.
Titrate with standard ammonium thiocyanate solution using ferric
ammonium sulphate indicator. Carry out a blank using 20 ml of
standard silver nitrate solution.
B-6.3 Calculation
Chlorides ( as NaCl ),
percent by mass =
where
V
1
= volume in ml of standard ammonium thiocyanate
solution required for 20 ml standard silver nitrate
solution,
V
2
= volume of standard ammonium thiocyanate solution
used in B-6.2,
*Specification for nitric acid ( second revision ).
8

IS : 6135 - 1981
N = normality of standard ammonium thiocyanate, and
M = mass in g of the material taken for the test.
B-7. TEST FOR IRON
B-7.1 Apparatus
B-7.1.1 Messier Cylinders 100-ml capacity.
B-7.2 Reagent s
B-7.2.1 Dilute Hydrochloric Acid approximately 15 percent ( v/v ).'
B-7.2.2 Ammonium Persulphate
B-7.2.3 Potassium Thiocyanate Solution 5 percent.
B-7.2.4 Dilute Sulphuric Acid 10 percent ( v/v ).
B-7.2.5 Standard Iron Solution Dissolve 0.490 g of ferrous ammonium
sulphate [ FeSO
4
( NH
4
)
2
SO
4
.6H
2
O )] in 10 ml of dilute sulphuric acid
and dilute with water to 1 000 ml. One millilitre of the diluted solution
is equivalent to 0.1 mg of iron ( as Fe
2
CO
3
).
B-7.3 Procedure Weigh accurately 1.00 g of the prepared sample
( see B-2 ) and dissolve it in 20 ml of water. Add about 5 ml of hydro-
chloric acid to make it acidic and 30 mg of ammonium persulphate and
boil to oxidize the iron. Cool and make up the volume to 100 ml with
water in a volumetric flask. Take 10 ml aliquot of the solution in the
Nessler cylinder. Add 5 ml of potassium thiocyanate solution, dilute
to make with water, and stir well. Into a second Nessler cylinder, add
5 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid and about 30 mg of ammonium per-
sulphate, 5 ml of potassium thiocyanate solution and 1 ml of standard,
iron solution. Dilute to the mark with water. Compare the colour of
the solution in the two cylinders.
B-7.3.1 The limit prescribed in Table 1 shall be taken as not having
been exceeded if the intensity of the colour produced with the material
is not higher than that produced by the standard solution.
A P P E N D I X C
( Clause 4.1 )
SAMPLING OF SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL
C-1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF SAMPLING
C-1.0 In drawing samples, the following precautions and directions
shall be observed.
9
IS : 6135 - 1981
C-1.1 Samples shall not be taken in an exposed place.
C-1.2 The sampling instrument and sample containers shall be clean
and dry.
C-1.3 After filling, sample containers shall be sealed air-tight and
marked with full details of sampling.
C-2. SCALE OF SAMPLING
C-2.1 Lot In any consignment, material of the same grade and
belonging to one batch of manufacture shall constitute a lot.
C-2.2 For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements of
the specification, tests shall be carried out for each lot separately. The
number of pigs ( n ) to be selected for the purpose depends on the size
of the lot ( N ) and shall be in accordance with Table 2.
TABLE 2 SCALE OF SAMPLING
LOT SIZE
(N)
(1)
Up to 50
51 to 100
101 to 300
301 t o 500
501 and above
SAMPLE SIZE
(n)
(2)
3
4
5
7
10
C-2.3 The pigs of soda ash shall be selected equally from the gunny
bags. If there are more than 10 gunny bags in the lot, selection of
10 bags shall be made at random. For random selection procedures
IS : 4905-1968* may be referred to.
C-3. PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLES
C-3.1 From each of the pigs selected under C-2, 50 g of soda ash shall
be collected. These portions, termed as individual samples, shall be
used for making prepared samples as prescribed under B-2.1. There
shall be as many prepared samples as the number of pigs selected in
the sample. The remaining portions of individual samples shall be
mixed together to give a composite sample of mass 100 g. Composite
sample also shall be treated as prescribed in B-2.1 for further analysis.
*Methods for random sampling.
10
IS : 6135 - 1981
C-4. NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY
C-4.1 Test for total alkalinity shall be performed on individual samples.
Tests for all the other characteristics shall be conducted on the composite
sample.
C-4.2 If a test result on total alkalinity is denoted by then the criteria
for accepting the lot in respect of this characteristic ( 0.4 R ) shall
be greater than or equal to 96.0, where and R stand for the mean and
range of test results.
C-4.3 For all other characteristics mentioned in Table 1, the composite
sample shall satisfy the corresponding requirements if the lot is to be
accepted under this clause.
11

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