Lecturer: Dr. Montasir O. Ahmed LEARNING OUTCOMES To evaluate the stressescaused by combined loads Lecture Outlines Stress Analysis Working Examples Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Normal force P leads to: Shear force V leads to: Bending moment Mleads to: A P stress normal uniform = o , It VQ on distributi stress shear = t ,
beam) straight (for , I My on distributi stress al longitudin = o Stress Analysis Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Resultant stresses by superposition: Once the normal and shear stress components for each loading have been calculated, use the principal of superposition to determine the resultant normal and shear stress components. Stress Analysis EXAMPLE 2 A force of 15 kN is applied to the edge of the member shown in Fig. 83a. Neglect the weight of the member and determine the state of stress at points B and C. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd EXAMPLE 2 (cont) For equilibrium at the section there must be an axial force of 15 000 N acting through the centroid and a bending moment of 750 000 Nmm about the centroidal or principal axis. The maximum stress is Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions ( )( ) MPa 75 . 3 40 100 15000 = = = A P o ( ) ( )( ) MPa 25 . 11 100 40 12 1 50 75000 3 max = = = I Mc o EXAMPLE 2 (cont) The location of the line of zero stress can be determined by proportional triangles Elements of material at B and C are subjected only to normal or uniaxial stress. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions ( ) mm 3 . 33 100 15 75 =
= x x x (Ans) on) (compressi MPa 15 (Ans) (tension) MPa 5 . 7 = = C B o o EXAMPLE 4 The member shown in Fig. 85a has a rectangular cross section. Determine the state of stress that the loading produces at point C. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd EXAMPLE 4 (cont) The resultant internal loadings at the section consist of a normal force, a shear force, and a bending moment. Solving, Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions kN 89 . 32 kN, 21.93 kN, 45 . 16 = = = M V N EXAMPLE 4 (cont) The uniform normal-stress distribution acting over the cross section is produced by the normal force. At Point C, In Fig. 85e, the shear stress is zero because A / = 0. thus Q = 0. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions ( ) ( )( ) MPa 32 . 1 25 . 0 05 . 0 10 45 . 16 3 = = = A P c o EXAMPLE 4 (cont) Point C is located at y = c = 0.125m from the neutral axis, so the normal stress at C, Fig. 85f, is Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions ( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) | | MPa 16 . 63 25 . 0 05 . 0 125 . 0 10 89 . 32 3 2 1 3 = = = I Mc c o EXAMPLE 4 (cont) The shear stress is zero. Adding the normal stresses determined above gives a compressive stress at C having a value of Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions MPa 5 . 64 16 . 63 32 . 1 = + = = I Mc c o EXAMPLE 5 The rectangular block of negligible weight in Fig. 86a is subjected to a vertical force of 40 kN, which is applied to its corner. Determine the largest normal stress acting on a section through ABCD. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd EXAMPLE 5 (cont) For uniform normal-stress distribution the stress is For 8 Kn.m, the maximum stress is For 16 kN.m, the maximum stress is Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions ( )( ) kPa 125 4 . 0 8 . 0 40 = = = A P o ( ) ( )( ) | | kPa 375 4 . 0 8 . 0 2 . 0 8 3 12 1 max = = = x x x I c M o ( ) ( )( ) | | kPa 375 8 . 0 4 . 0 4 . 0 16 3 12 1 max = = = y x y I c M o EXAMPLE 5 (cont) By inspection the normal stress at point C is the largest since each loading creates a compressive stress there Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Solutions (Ans) kPa 875 375 375 125 = = c o Important Points in this Lecture When the element is subjected to different types of loads, the principal of superposition can be used to predict the resultant stress as the material behave in elastic manner Next Class Transformation of Stresses Thank You