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    M. Pharm Review NAPLEX 41

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    MPHARM

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    M. Pharm Review NAPLEX 41

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    JUSASB
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    MPHARM

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    MPHARM

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    230 views1 page

    M. Pharm Review NAPLEX 41

    Uploaded by

    JUSASB
    MPHARM

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    CHAPTER 5

    G. Identify and communicate appropriate information


    regarding packaging, storage, handling,
    administration, and disposal of medications.
    a. Packaging
    1. The Poison Prevention Act of 1970 states
    that child resistant closures must be on
    prescription containers unless the
    prescription is for an exempted drug or if
    the patient has authorized easy-open
    packaging.
    2. Examples of exemptions from this rule are
    sublingual dosage forms of nitroglycerin,
    potassium supplements in unit dose forms,
    and oral contraceptives in mnemonic
    packaging.
    b. Storage
    1. Expiration date: The expiration date of a
    medication as determined by USP states that
    the expiration date must be no later than the
    expiration date on the manufacturers
    container or one year from the date the drug
    is dispensed, whichever date is earlier. The
    expiration date for certain products such as
    insulin is different. For example, the
    expiration date on insulin products is
    24 months from the date of manufacture.
    However, the stability of the insulin is
    altered once the product is opened and it
    therefore bears a new expiration date.
    The expiration information can be found
    in the products package insert. For example,
    insulin glargine (Lantus) and other
    insulin vials should discarded 28 days after
    the product is opened. Other drug
    products may also have new expiration
    dates when opened. For example,
    Latanoprost (Xalatan) needs to be stored
    in the refrigerator until first use, then
    may be stored at room temperature for
    6 weeks.
    c. Handling
    1. Certain medications need careful handling to
    prevent degradation of the product.
    2. The pharmacist should take precaution
    when preparing medications for patients.
    An example of this would be not shaking a
    vial of colistimethate for reconstitution, but
    rather gentle swirling.
    3. Overall handling of sterile products is
    briefly reviewed in Chapter 3 on
    compounding.
    d. Administration
    1. When a medication is dispensed to the
    patient, the prescription label must have
    specific information*:
     Pharmacy name, address, and telephone
    number
     Assigned prescription number

    *Specific state laws may require additional information.

    Dispensing

    41

     Date of the prescription or the date of its

    filling or refilling (state law often


    determines which date is to be used)
     Name of patient
     Name of prescriber
     Directions for use and any cautionary
    statements
     Controlled substance schedules II, III, or IV
    must contain the following warning:
    CAUTION: Federal law prohibits the
    transfer of this drug to any person other
    than the patient for whom it was
    prescribed.
    2. Most medications are to be discarded in
    the trash, not flushed down the toilet.
    This should be done by taking the
    medications out of their original container
    and mixing with an undesirable substance
    such as coffee grounds or cat litter.
    However, the Office of National Drug
    Control Policy states that certain
    medications (e.g., fentanyl) can be disposed
    of in the toilet.
    3. Patients should be aware of safe and legal
    disposal of drug devices. (e.g., needles
    disposed in appropriate sharps containers).
    4. Disposal instruction is not limited to patient
    knowledge but this knowledge is also
    important for the pharmacist, who may have
    to dispose of hazardous materials such as
    chemotherapeutic drugs.
    H. Identify and describe the use of equipment and
    apparatus required to administer medications.
    a. The pharmacist should be able to describe in
    patient-appropriate language, how each
    medication should be used. This is particularly
    important for describing proper use of inhalers,
    nebulizers, insulin administration, auto
    injectors (e.g., EpiPen), and ophthalmic and
    otic preparations.
    b. In addition to education regarding how to use a
    device, the pharmacist should be able to
    describe other elements of medication use
    (described in greater detail in Chapter 6, Patient
    Education).
    1. Possible adverse effects and their
    management
    2. Therapeutic drug monitoring including
    needed laboratory tests
    3. What to do in the event of a missed dose
    4. Helpful nondrug activities

    References
    Kiliany BJ, Kremzner M, Nelson T: The evolution of
    imprint identification, Pharm Times. Available at http://
    www.pharmacytimes.com/issue/pharmacy/2006/200603/2006-03-5374. Accessed June 2009.
    FDA: Electronic orange book. Available at http://www.fda.
    gov/cder/ob/default.htm. Accessed September 2008.
    FDA: Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994.
    Available at http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/dietsupp.
    html. Accessed September 2008.

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