Krab 8.0 EN
Krab 8.0 EN
Krab 8.0 EN
TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
MEASURING TROLLEY FOR TRACK GEOMETRY
Page 1
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1.
1.2.
2.
2.1.
2.1.1.
The head
2.1.2.
Events
2.2.
*.KRX
3.
4.
FILE
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
Recent files
10
4.4.
10
4.5.
10
4.6.
10
4.7.
10
4.8.
File | Save as
10
4.9.
Save Project as
10
4.10.
File | Export
10
4.11.
11
5.
EDIT
12
5.1.
12
5.1.1.
Events button
13
5.1.2.
RP button
14
5.2.
Edit | Data
15
5.3.
17
5.4.
19
5.5.
19
5.6.
Edit | Resampling
20
5.7.
21
6.
OPTIONS
22
6.1.
Options | Options
22
6.1.1.
Card Calculation
22
6.1.2.
Card Print
23
6.1.3.
24
6.1.4.
Card Options
25
6.1.5.
26
6.2.
28
6.3.
28
6.4.
Options | Limits
29
Page 2
6.5.
30
6.6.
31
7.
EVALUATION
32
7.1.
32
7.2.
32
7.3.
32
7.4.
32
7.5.
32
7.6.
34
7.7.
35
7.8.
35
7.9.
35
7.10.
36
7.11.
Evaluation | Statistics
37
7.12.
37
8.
GRAPH
38
8.1.
38
8.2.
39
8.3.
39
8.4.
40
9.
WINDOW
42
10.
HELP
43
10.1.
Help | About
43
Page 3
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1.
KRAB8.0 is designed for operating systems Windows 98 and higher. It follows previous extensively used
version of the evaluation software KRAB7.x. In addition to several small improvements of operation it
features the following new functions:
Introduces evaluation of new data file format .KRX. This format includes limits used during the
measurement and may include track events (facilities) database. According to these events,
program computes design values of specific geometrical values and shifts evaluation limits
according to computed design values.
Introduces work with projects. Projects enable the user to save unfinished work for later.
List of last opened files and projects
Changes in graph display
Display GPS events via .gpx files directly in GoogleEarth
Track map - work with ground plan of track
1.2.
Software KRAB 8.0 allows comprehensive processing of the geometrical data acquired during measurement
by KRAB trolley on the tracks. These so-called primary geometrical data are saved in the files *.KRM, *.KRL,
*.KRK or *.KRX. The main function of KRAB 8.0 software is calculation of so-called complete set of GPK
values. They are calculated using the mathematical procedures on the primary data, which derive the
geometrical values in terms of EN13848, i.e. alignment and longitudinal top of the rail in the wave bands D1
(1-25 m) or D2 (25-70 m). Apart from the so-called real geometry it is possible to operate with deflections on
the optionally long and asymmetric chord.
Calculated values could be displayed, evaluated from the point of view of local errors using command
Evaluation | Local errors, evaluated using so-called section evaluation Evaluation | Section evaluation and
also printed. Software KRAB 8.0 allows to evaluate up to 5 files at the same time. Names of all currently
opened files are shown in the pull down list in the lower right corner. All file operations relate to the file
selected from this list.
List of the geometrical values has been extended with cant according to ORE (so-called ORE Verwindung),
summary signal of the local errors (Gesamtsignal Einzelfehler GSE), summary signal of the standard errors
(Gesamtsignal Standardabweichung GSS), cyclic contacts (CS), curvature could be calculated for left and
right rail.
All software functions are divided into eight basic parts, which are shown in the upper menu bar:
File
Edit
Options
Evaluation
Graph
Print
Window
Help
KRAB 8.0 is controlled using pull down menu with items representing individual commands, which directly
perform certain operations (calculation, display, print etc.) or display dialog windows, which allow to set
required parameters for these commands. Some of the most often used functions are accessible also using
the toolbar in the upper main window or shortcuts.
Page 4
F1 = context help
F2 = save primary data file
F3, Ctrl F3 = load primary data file, append other file
F4 = graphic display of the values
F5, Ctrl+F5 = select part of the section, select part of the section according to the
selected part of the graph
F8, Ctrl+F8 = close currently opened file, close all opened files
Insert / Delete = insert / select turning point
Alt-F4 = close windows
Ctrl+X = exit
Program
configuration
Head editation
Track map
Compare two files
Save file
Horizontal windows
Close file
Open file
Graphic output
Geometry calculation
Cascade windows
Section evaluation
Graphic evaluation
Compare two signals
Page 5
The file name is formed from the date and time of the measurement start (file creation).
XDDHHMMS.KR
X
- month hexadecimal (1=January,...9=September, A=October B=November,
C=December)
DD
- day
HH
- hour
MM
- minute
Head
S
- check sign
1024/2048 byte
Measurement data file *.KRM / *.KRL/*.KRK is composed
from three parts:
Head
Primary geometrical values
Description
2.1.1.
The head
The header has fixed size 1024 bytes (*.KRM) or 2048 bytes
(*.KRL/*.KRK) and contains the following data:
Primary
geometrical
values
Measurement title*
Remark*
Events
Date and time of the measurement end
Serial number of the KRAB measurement software used for the file creation
Number of the measured primary geometrical values N
Number of the measured samples M
Location of the KRAB trolley on the track
Initial distance in km of the measured trail*
Type of the measured data (tram rails, rail trails or tamping)*
Used chord base
The sections length of the asymmetric measuring chord
Length of the events list (for *.KRM/*.KRL max 50, for *.KRK without limitations)
Number of used events (for *.KRM/*.KRL max 200, for *.KRK without limitations)
Sequential numbers of the event samples and code samples (for *.KRM/*.KRL max 200, for *.KRK
without limitations)
Values of the calibrations factors and shifts of the geometrical values with respect to the format,
which is used for their storage.
*) data marked by asterisk could be edited by Edit | Header command.
2.1.2.
Events
Events are attached at the end of the data file. They have a different structure based on the file type (given
by the extension *.KRM/*.KRL/*.KRK). Maximum number of events is limited to 50 for files *.KRM, *.KRL. If
two such files are combined together, events over 50 are lost. *.KRK files do not have limitations for number
of events.
Page 6
*.KRX
Page 7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Primary gauge
(pr_Gauge)
Primary alignment
(pr_Alignment)
Primary top
(pr_Top)
Primary alignment
(pr_Cant)
Prim. quasi-twist
(pr_QTwist)
Primary alignment on the long base
(pr_AligLong)
7. Primary top on the long base
(pr_TopLong)
Fig. 1
Rail twist is vertical distance of point 5 referring plane given by points (1, 3,
4).
Quasi Twist qZK is vertical distance of point 5 refering plane given by points
(1, 3, 2) = (1, 3, 4).
Calculated quantities:
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
(Tp_R)
(Tp_L)
(Ct_dyn)
(Ct_Qs)
(Cant)
(1000/R_R)
(1000/R_L)
(Al_dyn_R)
(Al_dyn_L)
(Al_R)
(Al_L)
(Ga_dyn)
(Ga_Qs)
(Ga)
(Ga/m)
(Tw1)
(Tw2)
(Tw3)
(ORE_twist)
(GSE)
(CycTop)
(GSS)
(uf)
Page 8
4. FILE
Examples in the following text of this manual are based on the file
containing sample geometrical data measurements A310747X.krl Demo,
J.Turek.
Commands under item File are used for operation
*.KRM/*.KRL/*.KRK containing primary measured values.
4.1.
with
the files
Select file *.KRM/KRL/KRK and load its contents. It allows selection of the file based either on the name or
contents of the header. Click on the file name list in the lower left window. Listing through the file name list
automatically shows header data: name, remark, and length of the measured track, date, time and duration
of the measurement.
4.2.
This option enables to open project file (.kproj). Project joins several opened files with their settings. Files
saved within a project are automatically opened, recalculated and specific parameters (subsections, extreme
sections, speed zones, opened windows and their positions) are saved to project file.
Page 9
Recent files
Program memorizes last 20 opened files. This option enables fast access to them.
4.4.
The current file is removed from the list in the right lower window after pressing Yes button.
4.5.
Close all opened files. This action needs to be confirmed. The list in the right
lower window is cleared after pressing Yes button.
4.6.
4.7.
4.8.
File | Save as
Save *.KRM/KRL/KRK file on hard drive under different name. It is recommended to retain the original name
and add characters to it, so that the data about time and date of the measurement start are maintained (see
2).
4.9.
Save Project as
This option enables to save project file (.kproj). Project joins several opened files with their settings. Files
saved within a project are automatically opened, recalculated and specific parameters (subsections, extreme
sections, speed zones, opened windows and their positions) are saved to project file.
4.10.
File | Export
Page 10
4.11.
Page 11
5. EDIT
This section of menu items contains commands changing contents of the
files with measured data (*.KRM/*.KRL/*.KRK). It allows changing header
data and events as well as primary values signals.
5.1.
Edit header data of *.KRM/*.KRL/*.KRK/*.KRX file. It opens the following dialog window, which allows
editing the following data:
Measurement description
Remark
Starting point of the measured section
Increasing or decreasing of the KM chainige Up/Down
Measured track type (only for information)
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Calibration data table for sensors of the primary geometrical values. Sections of the measuring chord
c1[m] and c2[m] (see chapter 5.3) are important to determine the design values of the curvature.
5.1.1.
Events button
Events button opens window allowing edition of events entered during measurement. Window contains list
of events entered during measurement. This list is displayed in the table with three columns (Sample
sequential number of the sample, Code of the event and Name of the event). Each row of the table
represents one event. Clicking on the row highlights it and allows editing, deleting or entering new event.
Events sequential numbers need not to be maintained. Maximum length of the list is 200 events (this
limitations does not apply to *.KRK files).
Sequential number of the sample uniquely represents the position on the measured track, to which
the event refers. This definiteness does not apply generally. One value of the kilometer distance
Page 13
KM
120,155
120,105
120,055
120,005
119,955
119,905
119,855
1
401
801
1201
1601
Sample number
Two different samples 361 and 441 (in purple) belong to KM 120.215 for this particular graph.
The event code is the sequential number from Event list within <1, 2047>. The first 50 codes mark
so-called track events, the others are reserved for kilometer distance shift according to the following
equation:
KM change [m] = event code - 1000
KM change may be in range 949 m decrease and 1047 increase of the current KM (this limitation
does not apply to *.KRK and *.KRX files).
The event name is any text string with maximum length of 16 characters.
5.1.2.
RP button
Page 14
Subsection could be removed by clicking to the required line of the list and pressing button
. Double click
on the sub-section line to pen the editation window, where the required speed zone, end of sub-section
(given by sample number) and sub-section name is set. The sub-section start is given by the end of previous
sub-section.
The final division could be saved into *.TSZ (Track Speed Zone) file using button
saved file by button
Note:
5.2.
This is critical point, where speed zones, further used for the evaluation of the local defects,
are defined. The window Options | Evaluation parameters (see Chapter 6.3) allows to set
the speed zones as well, but this means only, that the newly opened measurement file
(*.KRM/*.KRL/*.KRK) is assigned this speed zone into automatically generated sub-section,
covering full length of measured track (name Uniform RP). If a newly opened *.KRK file
contains information about RP, it has priority over value in Options | Evaluation parameters
window.
Edit | Data
Edit signals of the track primary geometrical values. The command opens submenu
(see figure on the right). The first command Show all shows all N measured
geometrical signals, each in the independent graphic edit window. Command Hide all
closes all opened graphic edit windows on desktop. Independent signals could be
displayed using other menu commands. It opens graphic edit window with the signal of
the selected channel.
Page 15
Fig. 1
The basic function of the graphic edit window is to show the signal, allow change of the horizontal and
vertical scale and read signal ordinates using cursor. The horizontal scale could be changed using buttons
[+] and [], the vertical scale could be changed using [] and []. Click on the window with the KM value of
the horizontal cursor position to toggle between KM value and sequential sample number.
Tip!
This is the easiest way to find the sample number and km value of the significant point of the
track or noticeable geometrical error. The sample number could be used to set a new event
(chapter 5.1.1), boundary of the speed zones (chapter 5.1.2) or sub-section start/stop (chapter
5.4).
Page 16
Fig. 2 The green signal of the primary alignment is offset. The red signal is
correct. Left part of the signals is from the straight rail.
The vertical lines mark events, purple break points. The break points are inserted at the cursor position by
Insert key. The break point is deleted by positioning the cursor over it and pressing Delete key. The function
of the break points is described in section 6.1.3. If the cursor is positioned over the event, its name is shown
in the upper part of the window on the right.
5.3.
This new function allows introducing the design (project) parameters of the
measured track. The design parameters are defined for the Cant and
Alignment and typically have form of the trapezoidal bent line.
The design value of the cant is defined by the positions of the starting and final
points of the superelevation ramp and design value of the cant in these points.
The design value of the rail alignment is defined by the positions of the starting and final points of the
tapering curve and curvature value in these points. The rail curvature is given by the deflection of the bend of
the design radius R over the physical chord of the Krab trolley, which has been used for the measurement.
The section lengths of the measuring chord of alignment c1[m] and c2[m] could be read from the file header
(see chapter 5.1). The curvature value is calculated from the equation:
v = (1000 * c1 * c2) / (2R), where v[mm], c1 [m], c2 [m], R[m]
As we know the design values of the radiuses from the track profile, it is advised to prepare the table values
of the design deflection by this equation in Excel. Interactive creation and editing of the bent line of the
design values is available in the graphic editation window, which is opened when the menu items Cant and
Alignment are activated. This window is similar to the graphic editation window of the primary geometrical
values. Unlike this window it has two buttons for the numerical values of both signals (primary cant or
alignment and design values) at the cursor position and more buttons in the toolbar. These buttons have the
following functions:
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Page 18
5.4.
To select subsection from the whole active file. This command is activated also by F5 key. Click on the
Selected section option and select first and last sample of the subsection. The scrollers could be used for
selection. The KM value is displayed in the information window on the right. Cancel subsection selection by
clicking on the Full section option.
Start and end of the subsection is exactly defined by the sequential number of the sample (the KM value is
not unique identifier contrary to the sequential number, see 5.1.1). All other commands (graph printing,
evaluation, statistics etc.) relate only to selected subsection. The exception is Evaluation | Geometry
calculation F12. This commands works over whole set of the primary data.
The subsection selection could be made also in the editation window of the primary alignment, top or twist
(see 5.2).
5.5.
This command organizes the measurement data in such a way, that it appears that the real measurement
was performed in the other direction (rewind). The command:
Page 19
5.6.
Edit | Resampling
If the measured section contain bends, the lengths of the left and right
rail differs. This causes the un-synchronization of the length when
comparing two measuring passages IRC wheel drives on two rail
sections with different length, even though the rail length was identical.
In order to correct this problem use Edit | Resampling command on the
measured data. The procedure is described on Fig. 4.
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Based on the measured rail curvature the curve radius R is calculated and the equidistant positions of the
samples of the rail, which was used by IRC wheel, are projected to the track axis. These projections form
new non-equidistant sampling base of the primary geometrical values. The final step of re-sampling is
interpolation of the geometrical values from the non-equidistant base to the initial equidistant sampling base
with the sampling step of 0.25 m, which is related to the rail axis.
As the algorithm operates with the rail curvature, it is important to correct offset of the primary alignment
signal (see chapter 5.2). The algorithm must know the nominal gauge, so that the difference between left
and right rail length could be calculated. Location of IRC and nominal gauge must be confirmed in the dialog
window, which is opened immediately after the command is activated. Right/left means with respect to the
trolley, which is pushed in the correct position (see Fig. 3).
Page 20
This function opens dialog window, which allows to select the file to be attached to the current file (its name
is in the right bottom part of the information bar). If the selection is confirmed, the geometrical data from the
selected file are attached at the end of the active file. The header data of the current file remain unchanged.
The event distances are recalculated. If both files contain more than 200 events or more than 50 different
event names, the excess events are lost (this limitation does not apply to KRK files).
The function is used to join two connected measurements, divided for example by the break.
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6. OPTIONS
Commands in this part of menu are used for setup of the program,
graphic output, evaluation parameters, tables of the local defects and
tables with parameters for calculation of the quality.
6.1.
Options | Options
It is used for program setup (preferences, print, GPK calculations, ). It contains four cards.
6.1.1.
Card Calculation
It defines parameters of the frequency bands and filter types for each geometrical value. Levels and
alignment is defined either in real geometry or as versine. Parameters in this card may be changed only if
the program was started with parameter /mistr (krab.exe /mistr).
Trapezoidal non-recursive filter with the trapezoidal weighted window. It corresponds to the floating mean
used twice. The length of the first floating mean is 20/39 of the boundary wavelength. The
length of the second is 2/3 of the first floating mean.
Triangular
non-recursive filter with the triangular wavelength window. It corresponds with the same
floating mean of the 4/9 boundary wavelength used twice.
Butterworth recursive filter of the 4th order used twice both ways. This filter has almost same selective
properties as FIR-Kaiser.
The boundary wavelength (Max, Min) is defined as the wavelength, whose amplitude of the transfer function
for given filter is equal to (see Fig. 5).
Page 22
Fig. 5 Transfer functions of the filters for rail alignment and curvature
Gauge/? [m] calculates Change of gauge (Ga/m) signal on specified base in [m]
Gauge total checkbox if unchecked, only Ga_dyn (shortwave part of gauge) is evaluated in Local defects
Cant total checkbox - if unchecked, twist (Tw1, Tw2, Tw3) is calculated only from shortwave part of cant
BB checkbox if checked, in non-zero sections of cant design signal (regardless whether they were
entered manually or from track database) twist design values are replaced with +/-1.1 [mm/m] respecting
cant slope sign. This is special fiction for BB.
6.1.2.
Card Print
Contains parameters for the print setup. The parameters are valid for printing of graphs as well as tables.
Page 23
It defines appearance of the window for graphic editation of the primary signals; see Chapter 13, Fig. 1. Also
the parameters for the break points are defined here.
Break points setting. The break points may be added manually or automatically. The break point is
inserted manually at the cursor position by Insert key in the graph of the editation of the primary data. The
break points are shown by the vertical lines; its color is selected in the card. Add/delete points by positioning
cursor over the break point line and press Insert/Delete keys. Distance in [m] from the theoretical position of
the cursor on both sides, where Insert/Delete keys are active, so-called cursor sensitivity, is given in the
Active cursor field. The centre line is recalculated after each change of the break points, so that the best
interaction could be found.
The break points are automatically located by command Evaluation | Break points calculation (Ctrl F12). The
algorithm of the automatic location is as follows:
1. Wavelength band-pass signal is filtered; the items Min and Max wavelength band-pass give its limit
wavelengths. The Triangular filter (floating mean used twice) is used for the wavelength band-pass.
2. Square of the calculated signal is so-called test signal, which is unipolar (positive). Local maximum
of the unipolar signal determine location of the break points.
3. The local maximum of the test signal is located using algorithm, which uses insensitivity band. This
value is entered on the card in units of the testing signal, i.e. [mm2].
4. Algorithm for location of the local maxima ignores such values, which are smaller, than the filtered
value of the testing signal by simple floating mean in place of the local maximum. The length of the
floating mean (not the limit wave length of the filter characteristic) is the third value on the Card
Graphs of data editation /Break points.
Automatically found break points could be manually modified (deleted, inserted). To delete all break points at
the same time use command Evaluation | Delete all break points.
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6.1.4.
Card Options
Language field allows to set the language, which will be used by the program. The languages shown in the
window are fixed and may not be changed. The language selected from the external text file ING may be
edited. It is therefore possible to create a new language version of the software by simple copying and
translation of the new ING file.
The Export field allows to set the way the command 4.6 Save Project as
This option enables to save project file (.kproj). Project joins several opened files with their settings. Files
saved within a project are automatically opened, recalculated and specific parameters (subsections, extreme
sections, speed zones, opened windows and their positions) are saved to project file.
File | Export will work. If the step for export is selected higher than basic 0.25 m, the events will not be
completely exported.
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6.1.5.
This card contains parameters, which together with table of the standard deviations 1 and 2 (see 6.5)
control commands Evaluation | Section evaluation two measurements. The method of the calculation is
given by the transformation function z = f(), where z represents quality ZKV and is standard deviation
SDO.
All transformation functions with passes through points P1[1,z1] and P2[2,z2], except RENFE function:
Page 26
m
b
Exponential
z a (1 e
Logarithmic
Butterword
a (1
Inv. exponential
a e
Power (potential)
z b m
RENFE
z 10 5 , pro 1
z 10 2 , pro 1
Ln( )
m
b
1
)
1 ( )m
b
m
b
The RENFE curve is fixed (does not have the parameters) and is always decreasing.
Page 27
Setup of the output and contents of the graph of the geometrical values (see Chapter 8).
The graph consists from up to ten paths top down. The marking field on the left in front of the path name
inserts/removes the path from the graph.
Each graph path may contain up to two geometrical signals shown by the signal name in windows Signal 1
and Signal 2.
The color of both signals could be changed by right click of the mouse on the respective roll down menu of
all available geometrical signals.
The path name is any text string, which appropriately describes the path contents.
Attention, the software does not check its relevance; it therefore should not be confusing!
Width [mm] is the displaying width of the path in the printed graph. On the monitor the path width is only
proportional to the other paths. The number fields Min and Max [mm] determine what signal 1 amplitude will
correspond to the upper or lower path boundary; in connection with path width determines the amplitude
scale of the geometrical Signal 1 according to equation Width : (Max - Min).
The field amplification shows multiplication constant of amplitude of the second Signal 2. It allows to display
the second signal in a scale different than the first signal. The amplitude scale of the possible second signal
is given by the equation Gain Width : (Max - Min).
Setup of the graphical evaluation could be saved in the GSK file or it could be loaded from the previously
saved GSK file. This allows to save several types of the setup in different files and easily change the setup
(by loading from the file).
Newly, you can also access Options of graphic evaluation directly from graph:
6.3.
It opens the dialog window, with the parameters, which, together with the limit values table (see 6.4), control
commands Evaluation | Local defects:
Use limits from data file. (If they exist) radiobutton - .krx files include limits used during the measurement.
If you want to use these limits, keep this box checked.
Use internal limits (from file krab.mh) radiobutton choose this if you want to use limits defined in .mh file
Limits for: - choose which levels you want to evaluate. Possible choices are Level 1,2,3; Level 2,3; Level 3
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Limits in max [km/h] column are used for track quality index (TQI) calculation, when REFER calculation
method is selected.
6.4.
Options | Limits
The command opens table, which allows to set the limit values (thereinafter limits) for evaluation of the local
defects. These limits use functions 8.5 and 8.8. The three twist bases are set in the table as well as limits for
cyclic connections.
Page 29
The data in the table are by default loaded from the file Krab.mh. After the exit from Krab 8.00 the software
automatically saves performed changes into this file.
Save as button saves the current table contents into the user file. It is recommended to use MH extension.
Load button allows to load values to the table from the other user file (created by Save... button).
The groups of commands Evaluation | Local defects uses limit values from the current table of limits of the
local defects. The user is obliged to secure compliance of the limits with regulations and standards like SN,
SR103 etc.
6.5.
The command opens table where it is possible to set the standard deviation 1 and 2 values, which
correspond to two quality marks z1 and z2 see 6.1.5 Card Section evaluation.
The data in the table are by default loaded from the file Krab.zk. After the exit from Krab 7.00 the software
automatically saves performed changes into this file.
Save as button saves the current table contents into the user file. It is recommended to use ZK extension.
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6.6.
In this dialogue you can enter parameters for two special german values used by german railway. For other
users only the Gsw uf column is important. Indicated speeds are, depending on speed zone, used for
calculation of cant deficiency (CD) signal.
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7. EVALUATION
This part of the menu contains commands for evaluation of the
track geometrical values.
7.1.
F12
This part of the program operates the main function
Calculation of the real GPK values. The command runs
sequence of the calculations, which is reported to user through
reports on the monitor. The result of the calculation is
transformation of the primary geometrical values to the
complete set of the rail geometrical position.\
7.2.
This function calculates break points position (start and end points of the tapering curves) based on the
parameters set in Card Graphs of data editation. If the automatically found points are not suitable for the
user, he may repeat the calculation with changed parameters or he can set the points manually using
Insert/Delete keys in the primary alignment signal editation window. Using File | Close Project
Closes current project.
File | Save (F2) function the break points are saved into the primary values file and are retained and
accessible for later use.
7.3.
This function deletes all break points. Regardless if they have been loaded from the primary values file
KRM/KRL, calculated or inserted manually.
7.4.
This function calculates primary alignment signal mean value using filtration method with parameters, which
are set in the card Options | Program configuration | Card Calculation for curvature. The first four classic
filters (FIR-Kaiser, Trapezoidal, Triangular, Butterword) do not use break points. If the linear approximation
filter is selected, the signal mean value is calculated based on the current break points using linear
approximation between individual break points. The detailed description is shown in Options | Program
configuration | Data editation graphs. The function should be used for tracks with bents with R<300 mm
(especially for shifts and tram tracks).
The command Evaluation | Center line of primary alignment (Shift Ctrl F12) is executed automatically after
the primary geometrical values file is opened. This is the reason why the same mean signal value is visible
in the signal editation window each time. The functions 8.2, 8.3 and 8.4 are used in practice only if the track
with small radiuses is evaluated and the mean value needs to be determined by the linear approximation
method based on the break points. Recalculation of the mean value by the classical filtration for changed
parameters is less frequent.
7.5.
The command calculates and shows a general table of the local defects. Exceeding of the allowed value
(limit) by the given geometrical value is considered as the local defect. The operation of the command
depends on the speed zone or division to the speed zones (see paragraph 5.1.2) and scope of use of limits
of the local defects (see 6.3 Options | Evaluation parameters). The table contains bookmarks according to
the number of the sub-sections of the individual speed zones. The example of the record of the local defect
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This table as well as any other could be exported to the text file or printed using
icon enable to export GPS events to .gpx file.
GoogleEarth) and displays track on the map.
icons.
opens Track Map. In track map you can see a ground view of the track based on curvature
measuring.
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Defects display
Navigation panel
ZOOM
Display events
Display speed zones
Angle of rotation
In Defects display you can choose which local defects you want to see and their importance indicated by
colors. You can also rotate and zoom the ground view of the track. Ground view can be exported to .kml file.
Cursor is connected to cursor in the Graphic evaluation.
7.6.
The data in the table show how many % of the total section length comprises of the places, where the local
defect limits are exceeded.
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7.7.
This command calculates and shows table, which is similar to Evaluation | Local defects, which respects
custom practices of the local defect marking according to SN736360.
7.8.
This command calculates and shows table, which is similar to Evaluation | Local defects, which respects
custom practices of the local defect marking.
7.9.
The command compiles table of the standard deviations and quality indexes. It uses settings from the
6.1.5 Card Section evaluation and parameters from the table 6.5 Options | Quality index. The principle of
the section evaluation consist of division of the selected track section to so-called basic sections. On each
basic section (usually 200 m long) the values of the standard deviations (SDO, ) of the four geometrical
values are calculated:
Dynamical alignment to the rail axis Al_dyn_A
Dynamical gauge Ga_dyn
Dynamical cant Ct_dyn
Dynamical top in the rail axis Tp_A
These standard deviations are used for calculation of the so-called quality index (QI, z) using one of the
transformations z = f(), described in 6.1.5. The transformation parameters m and b depend on the selected
speed zone and are calculated based on the values in the table Options | Quality index. The so-called total
quality index, tamping index ZP and quality number CK are calculated next. CK is weighted average of the
four standard deviations described above; the weights are shown in the last row of the table Options |
Quality index. The basic section length could be se in Card Section evaluation. If the section length is
higher than the total length, the total signal length is used as the section length. The command Section
evaluation tries to divide the selected section to the basic section in such a way, that the divisions between
individual basic sections are located on the KM values, which are multiplication of the basic section length.
The exponential transformation is used in the following example:
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Use the
button to open a track map associated with Section evaluation. Use section display to
choose, which quality index you want to display.
Section display
7.10.
Evaluation | Section
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7.11.
Evaluation | Statistics
This command opens the dialog window for selection of the individual geometrical value and subsequently
calculates and displays window with the statistical characteristics. The individual statistics are defined as
follows:
Minimum:
minimum value
Maximum:
maximum value
Average:
average value
x
1
Abs. deviation:
1
n
xi
i 1
| ( xi x) |
i 1
Standard deviation:
1
n 1
( xi x ) 2
i 1
nc
SDO noncentered:
Variance:
Skewness:
Kurtosis:
7.12.
v 2
sw
ct
n 1
n 1
xi2
i 1
( xi x)2
i 1
1
n
( xi x )3
i 1
1
n
( xi x )4 3
i 1
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8. GRAPH
8.1.
The command opens window, which could display up to 10 paths, each may
show one or two geometrical value signal. The number of the displayed tracks, their width, min, max, signals
and colors could be set in 6.2 Options | Graphic evaluation. The horizontal scale could be changed using
buttons + and - in range of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 m. The current KM value of the cursor position
is displayed in the upper left corner. Click on the KM field to toggle between KM/sample display. The vertical
red lines mark position of the events or KM value shifts. Position cursor over the line (using mouse or
arrows) to display the event name in the upper window bar. The horizontal dashed lines show local defects
limits.
Events
Print
Min/max
Subsection
[+] Highlight section
[-] Highlight section
Send message to
associated
application
Scale
Event
Cursor
The green line marks boundary between neighboring speed zone sections. The purple line marks the break
points. These lines are not printed.
The icon Show event list is in the right toolbar. Click on the item in the list and the displayed graph moves to
the particular position on the track.
Icon Print starts graph printing, which is affected by the setup in Card Print. The layout of the paths and
signals corresponds to the monitor. The printer is selected after the command is executed (from the installed
printers in Windows 95/98/NT). In order to archive files it is useful to print it into PDF file using e.g. Acrobat
Writer.
The Temporary path scale icon opens list of the paths and after the selection is made it displays window for
temporary change. The change applies only for the monitor display, not for printing and is valid until the
graph window is closed. The editing window could be displayed any time by double clicking on the particular
path.
Drag mouse and right click at the beginning and end to select the sub-section and activate it using icon
Subsection. The graph will show only data from this selected subsection.
Use the right mouse button to highlight a section. Then by [+] Highlight section button you can add a section
to highlighted sections and save (Options | Highlighted sections) all highlighted sections to ascii file. You can
also remove section from highlighted sections by putting cursor over highlighted section and pressing [-]
Highlight section.
Send message to associated application sends a message to application (e.g. AutoCAD)
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The command shows the dialog window for selection of the two files of measurements and required signals
to compare:
The window is divided into upper and lower part. The upper part shows both selected signals and the lower
part shows their difference. Both parts are divided by the scroll bar, which shifts the second signal in the
direction of the X-axis with respect to the first signal. Click at the scroll bar arrows to shift the signal by
0.25 m, click into the scroll bar to shift by 1 m. This allows precise synchronization of both signals. The
cursor allows to read signal values and their difference. The lower numerical window shows the standard
deviation of the difference signal in the displayed length.
8.3.
The command is similar as the previous one, but allows to compare more geometrical signals at the same
time, while no difference signals are displayed. The command displays dialog window for selection of the
files:
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The paths are appointed in the same way as for Graph | Track (F4). Each path shows two signals of the
same quantity from different measurements. If Options | Graphic evaluation defines for one path two signals
the second is ignored. The signal color of the second measurement depends on setting of Signal 2 in
Options | Graphic evaluation.
8.4.
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Navigation panel
ZOOM
Display events
Display speed zones
Angle of rotation
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9. WINDOW
This part of menu contains commands for organization of the open windows, their
order (cascade, tile), minimization and icon layout. This is useful mostly when user
works with more files at the same time (their mutual comparing etc.).
It also allows to select the active window from all opened files.
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10.
HELP
This part of menu allows to display help and show information about the
software (version, license owner, author).
The PC must have Internet connection in order to access Internet pages
of the manufacturer.
10.1.
Help | About
Shows initial screen with the software owner name and version number.
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