Arm Bars and Joint Locks PDF
Arm Bars and Joint Locks PDF
Arm Bars and Joint Locks PDF
Important note
With ground fighting techniques the author recommends that
you practice only under supervision to avoid accidents and
always employ the tap system in practice (if you want to
submit or a technique is too painful or you wish to stop
practice at any time tap the mat, tap yourself or your
opponent with your hand or foot; if this is not possible just
say to your opponent tap). If an opponent taps out it is
imperative that you release your hold immediately or suffer
the consequence of what might be serious injury, and
remember, what goes around comes around. If you do not
release when he taps he may not release the next time you
tap.
If you have or believe you may have a medical condition the
techniques outlined in this book should not be attempted
without first consulting your doctor. Some of the techniques
in this book require a high level of fitness and suppleness and
should not be attempted by someone lacking such fitness.
The author and the publishers cannot accept any responsibility
for any proceedings or prosecutions brought or instituted
against any person or body as a result of the use or misuse of
any techniques described in this book or any loss, injury or
damage caused thereby.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
With special thanks to Marc McFann and my good friend and
grappling sempai Rick Young.
Contents
Review
Introduction
13
Chapter one
From the Mount Position
20
Chapter two
From the scarf hold
33
Chapter three
From the upper 4 1/4 pin
42
Chapter four
From the side 4 1/4 pin
52
Chapter five
Leg bars from the opponents scissor guard
61
Chapter six
Finishing from Juji Gatame
75
Chapter seven
Drilling
82
Conclusion
88
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Review
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
10
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Review
The Jack-Knife
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
11
G E O F F
12
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Introduction
Introduction
Many people underestimate the potency of the bars and locks,
mostly because they have only seen and not felt them in the
controlled arena or contest arena. Certainly from a
spectators point of view, the arm bar goes on and the
opponent taps out - and thats about the end of it. In reality,
on the pavement arena the opponent will not tap out and, if
you have the desire you can literally snap off the opponents
limbs like twigs.
One of my friends in Coventry, a renowned Judoka, was once
cornered by an unsuspecting youth down a dark alley. My
friend had already told the chap that he did not want to fight
and then tried to walk away, his assailant, sure that he was on
to a winner because my friend refused to fight, gave chase
and tried to force the issue. Seconds later he had a broken
leg and two broken arms. This is the prowess of the Kansetsuwaza (Joint locks). Id be lying if I told you that many of the
joint locks are advanced ground fighting techniques that will
need many hours of flight time to perfect, but thats OK,we
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
13
14
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Introduction
cup of tea in hand (just finished a couple of toasted tea cakes,
actually) telling you of the prowess of the ground fighter and
my love for the ground fighting arts I know that, should a
fight kick off when I nip into the city today it will be the
punching range that I seek and 95 % of the time that is where
I will finish the altercation, usually with my opponent
unconscious. Even though the ground is where most fights
end up, it is not where they start, they start at conversation
range, which is punching range.
If you can maintain this range with the use of a fence (see
Three Second Fighter book/video) and attack the attacker from
there with a pre-emptive strike (working on the premise that
you have already lost the option of flight and cannot verbally
defuse the situation) the fight will end, clinically, and usually
in seconds, from where it started. Unfortunately most people
do not operate from a fence and they will not, for whatever
reason, become pre-emptive so the fight usually always goes
through vertical grappling and hits the ground in a hurry. This
is when (and why) the ground fighting knowledge is a God
send.
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
15
16
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Introduction
in him will give anyone of any standard the hardest five
minutes of their life if they are not switched on.
The untrained fighter is the most unpredictable fighter on
the planet, he will not fight to a pattern and will not respond
to many of the tricks that work against the indoctrinated gym
fighter, he will wear the broken nose you give him like a badge
of battle - and still carry on, and if he beats you he will beat
you bad, literally kicking you in the head until some one steps
forward to stop him or he stops from sheer exhaustion. So
when we fight the monster on the street we have to be a
bigger animal than he, and we need to know techniques that
will and can destroy if we want them to. The saddest people
that I have met are people that say Oh no, I wouldnt use
that technique as though biting or butting are below them,
these are the people that are going to really struggle when
the shit hits the fan because they are so ill prepared and so
out of date that they will be blasted off the planet by an enemy
that will hit them so hard with their own morality that they
will go back in time and when they wake up their clothes will
be out of fashion, but at least then their clothes might match
their concepts.
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
17
G E O F F
18
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Introduction
Note: There are several bars that can be employed from
your back, and from a kneeling position, in order to keep the
books in the series categorical. I have not entered them in
this text, they will be covered in detail in Fighting From Your
Knees and Fighting From Your Back.
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
19
Chapter One
From the Mount position
As I have stated in every book in this series, the mount position
is probably the most potent pin of them all with many finishing
possibilities, and easy access to the standing position should
you require. Basically the pin is best employed as a podium
from which to attack and turn the opponent for the
devastating reverse mount strangle (see Chokes and Strangles).
There are, however, one or two very fast arm bars that are
very accessible from the mount and that can end an altercation
in a split second - they need plenty of practise and a feel ( a
feel is an intangible thing that cannot really be taught, rather
the practitioner has to earn it with hundreds of hours flight
time) needs to be found to really make them work.
In the controlled arena, when the fights are all out with very
few holds barred, 50% of my victories come via the arm bar
(the other 50% Approx. come via the choke and strangle),
ironically the opponent feeds the arm to you on the majority
of occasions in his bid to attack you or to escape. The best
G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
The Grapevine
In all honesty I do not find this a very strong bar but it can
work on some people so it is worth a mention, it is also a
good way of tying an opponents arm off so that you can hit
him with your free hand, its very hard for an opponent to
defend his face with only one arm. The grapevine works really
well whilst the opponent is compliant, ie in drilling work, but
when compliancy is taken away most opponents manage to
struggle free after a few seconds, though that may be all you
need to destroy an opponent from this position. Again we
are not chasing this technique rather we are waiting for the
opponent to offer it to us, this he will do in the form of
grabbing or attempted striking. As his left arm (or right) grabs
at your collar/shirt etc. wrap your left arm around it at the
elbow, from your left to your right, so that his hand is palm
up under your arm-pit, grab your left with your right hand
and lean back and place pressure on his elbow joint.
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
22
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Shoulder lock
Grab the opponents outstretched left arm with your right
hand to pin in place, turn your body to your own right and sit
through to your right with your left foot, simultaneously grip
the opponents arm with your left hand also. This will turn
the opponent onto his side. From here sit slightly forward
so that your weight is on his straightened arm, this will place
pressure on his elbow joint, if you pull back hard on his arm
it will break the elbow joint.
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
24
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Roll Forward
If you roll him a little more forward and sit your weight on
his shoulder it will move the lock to a shoulder lock that, if
forced will take the shoulder out of joint.
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
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S E R I E S
29
Roll through
If the opponent rolls as you go for the lock and resists so that
you cannot complete the bar dont fight too hard for it just
go with the flow and roll with him so that you are on your
belly and his arm is in the reverse arm bar position. Pull the
arm back and push your hips forward against his elbow.
G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
31
G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Chapter Two
From the Scarf Hold
Some of the bars and locks in this chapter were touched on/
covered in Pins: The Bedrock but because I cannot presume
that the reader has read that volume I shall repeat them here
also. If you did read that volume please accept my apologies
for repeating (though of course they do stand repeating).
If the opponents right arm gets free from under your left
arm you can use one of several bars and locks.
1) Bar it over your right leg. Push his right arm, at the elbow
and palm up, across your right thigh.
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G E O F F
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5) Right leg tie off. In his bid to stop you tying off his arm
under your left leg the opponent may direct his energy
towards your right leg, if so quickly tie it off under your right
leg, to make the lock more secure and painful wrap your left
leg around the foot of your left leg and pull back with your
left leg.
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
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F I G H T I N G
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F I G H T I N G
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
39
Shoulder Lock
It is also an option from the kneeling position to take a forward
shoulder lock. Force the opponents arm straight, same as
before, by punching him in the face or poking his eyes/face/
throat with your fingers until he releases. When he does his
arm will straighten, step
over his body with your
right leg and kneel across
his face with your left leg,
sit forward onto the arm
to make the hold.
G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
41
Chapter Three
From the upper 4 1/4 pin
This is not my favourite place to take arm bars from, I use
the pin more as a travellers rest hold. Having watched a lot
of the American shoot fighting (this is very much all out fighting
where compliancy is rarer than a tax rebate) they very much
favour taking the arm bars from the upper 4 1/4 position,
especially the Juji Gatame arm bar, and they are expert at it
too. Other excellent ground fighters like the brilliant Neil
Adams also take the arms bars, especially Juji Gatame from
just about every position you could think of. But these fighters
are innovators who constantly break tradition to find new
concepts and better techniques. There is nothing stopping
you (who ever you are) doing exactly the same.
Tradition is great for acquiring a firm foundation, but
sometimes you have to break down the walls of conventional
acceptance if you want to be different, to be better. When I
first left the KUGB, with whom I had been, on and off, for
twenty years, lots of people slagged me off and said that I
had sold out (though funnily enough I do not remember any
of them actually saying that to my face) and that I had lost my
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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Juji Gatame
Rather than take the arm bar from the conventional upper 4
1/4, this would make for slow movement, come to a crouching
position over the opponent, as illus. He will feed one arm or
the other to try and escape (if he feeds both you have a choice
as to whether to go to the left or the right). If he feeds his
right arm then take hold of it with your left hand and quickly
turn to your own right and place your left leg over his face
and plant it next to the right side of his head.
Lie onto your back and trap the opponents head with your
left leg, simultaneously wedge your right foot underneath his
body at his left hand side. His arm will be between your legs,
pull down on his arm and push up with your hips to complete
the bar. If he rolls forward to block the bar roll with him onto
your own belly and execute the reverse arm bar, if he stands
up take the standing arm bar or force him over on to his
back and into the conventional juji Gatame. If the opponent
feeds the opposite arm, when you are in the upper 4 1/4 go
the opposite way and reverse the latter instructions.
G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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Chapter Four
From the side 4 1/4 pin
This is another travellers rest hold that is better suited as a
resting place. It is very easy to defend and excellent for getting
to the more potent mount position or even the scarf hold,
however there are some bars that can be taken from this
position (see also Chokes and Strangles in this series).
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F I G H T I N G
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G E O F F
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G R O U N D
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G E O F F
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the
necessary
energy.
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Chapter Five
Leg Bars from the opponents
scissor guard
A very familiar place to end up in is the opponents scissor
guard. A good ground fighter can hold an opponent here for
a very long time, appropriately the scissor guard is also the
innate safety mechanism used by fighters in a street situation
who find themselves on their backs. When the opponent locks
his legs around your waist it can be a very difficult place from
which to escape. An experienced ground fighter will use a
scissor guard to rest and also to force an impatient fighter to
make a mistake. When he does hell take advantage and finish
the fight from his back with arm bars, chokes, turns etc (as
detailed in Fighting from your Back). There are one or two
reliable escapes from the opponents scissor guard that will
enable you to attack his legs with locks and bars, or climb
through into the mount position and finish from there. With
practise it is possible to break an opponents limbs with the
following locks but, from my experience, it takes a lot of
flight time to get it right so practise is the imperative once
again.
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Groin attack
Reach down to the opponents groin and poke your thumb
into his ingual canal. This is situated about an inch to the left
and an inch higher than the pubic bone, both sides (right at
the top of the thigh by the groin area), again this is usually
good for breaking down the guard. If you cannot find it then
grab the opponent by the testicles and squeeze and pull and
rip, this will move his guard down.
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
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63
Leg sweep
Force your right arm (or left) between the opponents legs
(at your right hand side) and sweep the opponents legs over
and past your head then move down into the side 4 1/4 pin.
This is not an easy technique, but it is one that does work on
some opponents. It can be used in conjunction with the
others, ie. strike the opponents inner thigh and as his guard
breaks push your arm through and sweep his legs around to
the side.
G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
65
Back slam
If you are struggling to break the opponents guard you can
use the back slam, though this does take an awful lot of back
and leg strength. Reach through and grab the opponents
lapels (or any appendage) with both hands, stand up lifting
the opponent and slam his back into the floor. (this would
work particularly well in the street scenario if you could drop
the opponent onto an uneven surface like a curb etc). This
will knock the wind out of him and force his guard to break,
often the opponent will break his guard as soon as you lift
him off the ground.
G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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Boston Crab
Although you will have seen this technique probably a
thousand times on the show wrestling on TV and thought
nothing of it because show wrestling is often seen as
unrealistic, this technique is actually a very dangerous and
effective move. It was the favourite finishing technique of the
legendary English wrestler Bert Asarati, who had over seven
thousand bouts and held the British Title for 25 years.
Grab the opponents legs, from the outside in and round the
back of his knees, with both arms and stand up, force the
opponent, to your right (or left), onto his belly and step over
his back with your left leg, sit onto his back and pull back
hard on his legs. Be very careful in training otherwise there
will be discs popping out all over the place. Never fall back
onto the opponents back otherwise you might easily break
it. If you let go of the legs you are already in a vertical position
whilst the opponent is still on the floor.
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
G E O F F
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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G E O F F
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Chapter Six
Finishing from Juji Gatame
In the sport of Judo where atemi is not allowed the art of
finishing Juji Gatame has become quite a complex matter (that
is, when you take the arm bar and the opponent interlinks
his hands to block the bar).
In the world of real where atemi is the order of the day this
is not such a complex matter, you simply give the opponent
pain in another area so that he is forced, often subconsciously,
to release his grip to defend that area. If I push my thumb in
the opponents eye he is going to have to release his grip on
his own hand to stop me, in doing so he allows me the bar.
Here are a few ideas to work on. If you want more detail on
releases I highly recommend Neil Adams book Arm Locks,
published by Ippon Books.
There are different schools of thought on technique and how
to develop it. I try to develop it as close to the way, and the
place, that I intend to use it as possible. Everything I train is
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G E O F F
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G E O F F
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G R O U N D
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Wrist flex
This is a finishing technique on its own. Grab the opponents
hand, whichever one is uppermost and bend it forward at
the wrist, when the pain hits, the opponent will release his
grip and allow you to take the juji Gatame.
Finger bend
Grab the opponents fingers, or thumb, on the nearest hand
and bend back hard, when the pain hits, the opponent will
release his grip and allow you to take the juji Gatame.
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Finger strike
Wrap the opponents fingers with your right middle knuckles,
when the pain hits, the opponent will release his grip and
allow you to take the juji Gatame.
T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
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Kick biceps
Place your foot onto the opponents biceps, the arm furthest
away from you, and kick or push with your leg to break his
grip, when the opponent releases his grip take the juji Gatame.
Eye poke
Poke or press the opponents eye with your left hand, when
the pain hits, the opponent will release his grip and allow you
to take the juji Gatame.
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T H O M P S O N S
G R O U N D
F I G H T I N G
S E R I E S
Head punch
Punch the opponent in the face, when the pain hits, the
opponent will release his grip and allow you to take the juji
Gatame.
G E O F F
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G R O U N D
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Chapter Seven
Drilling
Drilling is the bread and butter training of everyone that I
ever knew or read about who was any good. The more you
drill the more the technique becomes yours, once you acquire
the feel the technique will be yours forever. Its not as if you
have to drill these techniques for ever more (though there
will always be new ones to drill) but you do have to at the
beginning.
When I was first learning and perfecting my hand techniques
I would think nothing of going for a 5 mile run and then doing
anything up to 40 rounds on the punch bag to get my hands
where I wanted them to be. Sometimes my hands and arms
would hurt so much that I couldnt hit at all on my seminars.
My friends said that I was mad and that 40 rounds in one
session was, at best, unhealthy, and of course there were the
sceptics that didnt believe I did 40 rounds anyway.
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Drilling
But there were things that I found in those marathon sessions
that could not be discovered in any other way (how much
your hands hurt for one thing), intangible things, a certain
feel for a technique, a new discovery. Things that have stayed
with me to this day and will forever more, things that I cannot
even pass on to my own students because I cant explain them
properly. But when people look at my technique they see
and feel something there that they do not see and feel in
their own technique or the technique of other people.
When they ask me what that extra something is I cannot give
them the answer, only that I found the intangible difference
in one of my marathon sessions. When I went to Bob Spour
to learn the ferocious art of Thai he couldnt believe how
quickly I picked it up. I picked up the technique because I
would take it away with me and treat it like a day at work
(not that I encourage conventional work of course, far better
to spend your days training, or talking about training, or
reading about training, or watching videos about training), I
would spend whole sessions on the right leg thigh kick, then
whole sessions on the left leg. I spent hours and hours and
hours just on single technique, and it is the most boring thing
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Juji Gatame
Sit through and make the bar, then straight back to the scarf
hold position - repeat 25 times and then change to the left
scarf hold and repeat the sequence.
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Conclusion
I hope that this book has given you a taste for the bars and
locks. Remember, stick with them, they are not nearly as
immediate as the chokes and strangles, but once perfected
they certainly are as effective and they definitely do work
when the shit hits the fan and reality is on the menu. My
friend Neil Adams won the world Judo championships, one
of the toughest fighting arenas on the planet, against a Japanese
opponent, with Juji Gatame so, if you can work it against one
of the top Judoka in the world, someone who has developed
the manipulative strength and knowledge to block the
technique, then you will make it work against just about
anyone.
Many people give up on the Kansetsu-Waza because they
seem over technical and take a lot of learning. After failing
once or twice they throw them away, please dont be one of
those people, stick with it, persevere, study and youll enjoy
one of the most devastating finishing techniques in any arena
that there is to have. There will be more on arm bars and
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Conclusion
chokes in the last two volumes of this series: Fighting From
Your Back and Fighting From Your Knees.
Thank you very much for taking the time to read this text, I
hope it has helped, and I hope that you enjoy the rest of the
series.
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