GPRS Signalling Introduction

Introduction
Siemens
Introduction
Contents
1
1.1
1.2
Overview GPRS Signaling Protocols

GPRS Signaling Planes
GPRS Transmission Plane
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Siemens
Introduction
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Introduction
Siemens
Overview GPRS Signaling Protocols
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Introduction
The final objective of this course is to enable the participant to understand the
signaling protocols of the GPRS network for the detection of signaling errors and
inconsistencies by means of protocol tester (e.g. K1205) and GPRS tracer. For that
reason, we are going to study various GPRS relevant protocols.
The following external signaling protocols and interfaces have been defined by GSM
for the GPRS Switching Subsystem (GSS):
l
the Um-interface (air interface) between BSS and MS. For this interface only the
higher layers, terminating in the SGSN are part of the course
the Gb-interface between BSS and SGSN
the Gc-interface between GGSN and HLR
the Gd-interface between SGSN and SMS GMSC
the Gf-interface between SGSN and EIR
the Gi-interface between GGSN and Packet Data Network (PDN)
the Gn-interface between SGSN and GGSN or SGSN and another SGSN (the so
called GPRS Backbone network)
the Gp-interface between SGSN and other PLMNs
the Gr-interface between SGSN and HLR
and finally, the Gs-interface between SGSN and MSC/VLR.
Additionally, the already existing GSM-interfaces still exist: e.g. Um-, A-, C-, D-, E-, F, G-interfaces of the SSS exist. These interfaces are not part of this course and will
be handled in great detail in the GSM Signaling Protocol course TM3101.
In the first version for GPRS (GR1.0) not all interfaces are used. Therefore our closer
examination will concentrate on the interfaces and signaling procedures used for the
moment. These are the interfaces Gb, Gi, Gr. The interfaces Gs, Gd and Gn are as
well interesting from functional point of view. For that reason procedures running on
that interfaces are included even they are not realized with the first version.
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Introduction
SMS GMSC
s
MSC/VLR
HLR/GR
C
s
D
Gd
Gr
Gc
Gs
A
Um
Gn
Gb
BSS
GPRS
backbone
(IP network)
Gn
Gf
Gp
EIR
PDN
GGSN
SGSN
MS
Gi
Gn
Other
PLMN
SGSN
Fig. 1 GPRS interfaces
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1.1
Introduction
GPRS Signaling Planes
First of all, there is the signaling plane between mobile station and the GPRS support
nodes. The signaling protocol running on the interfaces Um, Gb and Gn is called
GPRS Mobility Management and Session Management (GMM/SM).
These protocols support mobility management functionality such as GPRS attach,
GPRS detach, routing area update, etc. and session management functionality such
as PDP context activation or PDP context deactivation.
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Introduction
xGSN
BSS
GMM/SM
GMM/SM
SM
GTP
GTP
UDP
UDP
LLC
LLC
Relay
RLC
RLC
BSSGP
BSSGP
IP
IP
MAC
MAC
Network
Service
Network
Service
RFC
1490
RFC
1490
GSM RF
GSM RF
Frame
Relay
MS
Um
BSS
Frame
Relay
Frame Relay
Gb
SGSN
Gn
GGSN
Fig. 2 GPRS signaling plane (part 1)
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Introduction
The signaling to the existing standard GSM PLMN (public land mobile network) is
based on the common channel signaling system no. 7 (CCS7). On the interfaces Gr,
Gf, Gc and Gd the Mobile Application Part (MAP) with enhancements for GPRS is
used. The layers MTP, SCCP and TCAP are the same protocols for the MAP support
as in the non-GPRS GSM PLMNs.
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Introduction
MAP
MAP
TCAP
TCAP
SCCP
SCCP
MTP L3
MTP L3
MTP L2
MTP L2
L1
L1
SGSN
SGSN
SGSN
GGSN
Gr
Gf
Gd
Gc
HLR
EIR
SMS MSC
HLR
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Introduction
On the interface Gs, between SGSN and MSC/VLR of the non GPRS PLMN is
realized by the Base Station System Application Part+ (BSSAP+). A subset of the
procedures of BSSAP support the signaling between SGSN and MSC/VLR. These
procedures belong to the mobility management functionality.
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Introduction
BSSAP
BSSAP
SCCP
SCCP
MTP L3
MTP L3
MTP L2
MTP L2
L1
L1
SGSN
Gs
MSC/VLR
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Siemens
1.2
Introduction
GPRS Transmission Plane
The transmission plane has a layered protocol structure for the transfer of user
information. It includes the control procedures associated with the information
transfer, e.g. flow control, fault detection adn fault clearance.
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Introduction
xGSN
SIEMENS
NIXD
O
RF
BSS
Application
IP
IP
Relay
SNDCP
LLC
Relay
SNDCP
GTP
GTP
LLC
UDP/
TCP
UDP/
TCP
RLC
RLC
BSSGP
BSSGP
IP
IP
MAC
MAC
Network
Service
Network
Service
RFC
1490
RFC
1490
GSM RF
GSM RF
Frame
Relay
MS
Application
Relay
Um
BSS
Frame Relay
Gb
SGSN
IP
IP
RFC
1490
RFC
1490
Frame
Relay
Frame Relay
Gn
GGSN
Gi
ISP
Fig. 5 GPRS transmission plane
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Siemens
Introduction
The figure on the right shows the flow of a user data packet mobile originated. On the
various interfaces the identifiers to distinguish different mobile stations and contexts
respectively are presented.
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Introduction
Gb
Um
Gn
Gi
GPRS
backbone
PDN
SIX
EM
S
E
N
N
DO
F
R
BSC
MS
User data
SGSN
BTS
GGSN
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
RLC
(TFI)
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
User data
User data
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
User data
BSSGP
(TLLI)
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
GTP
(TID)
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
User data
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
Store and Forward
Fig. 6 Mobile originated user packet flow
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Siemens
Introduction
The figure on the right shows the flow of a user data packet mobile terminated. On
the various interfaces the identifiers to distinguish different mobile stations and
contexts respectively are presented.
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Introduction
Gb
Um
Gn
Gi
GPRS
backbone
PDN
SIE M
EN
S
NIX O
DR
F
BSC
MS
SGSN
BTS
GGSN
IP-Header GTP
(IP-addr.) (TID)
BSSGP IP-Header
(TLLI)
(IP-addr.)
RLC IP-Header
(TFI) (IP-addr.)
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
User data
IP-Header
(IP-addr.)
User data
User data
User data
User data
Store and Forward
Fig. 7 Mobile terminated user packet flow
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Siemens
18
Introduction
TM3110EU01TM_0002

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Introduction

Overview GPRS Signaling Protocols

Overview GPRS Signaling Protocols

the Gb-interface between BSS and SGSN

the Gc-interface between GGSN and HLR

the Gd-interface between SGSN and SMS GMSC

the Gf-interface between SGSN and EIR

the Gi-interface between GGSN and Packet Data Network (PDN)

the Gp-interface between SGSN and other PLMNs

the Gr-interface between SGSN and HLR

and finally, the Gs-interface between SGSN and MSC/VLR.

Fig. 1 GPRS interfaces

GPRS Signaling Planes

Fig. 2 GPRS signaling plane (part 1)

Fig. 3 GPRS signaling plane (part 2)

Fig. 4 GPRS signaling plane (part 3)

GPRS Transmission Plane

Fig. 5 GPRS transmission plane

Store and Forward

Fig. 6 Mobile originated user packet flow

Store and Forward

Fig. 7 Mobile terminated user packet flow

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