01 Samss 042

Materials System Specification
01-SAMSS-042
21 June 2011
Reinforced Thermoset Resin (RTR) Pipe and
Fittings in Water and Hydrocarbon Services
Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee
Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Table of Contents
1
Scope............................................................. 2
Conflicts and Deviations................................. 2
References..................................................... 2
Responsibilities.............................................. 5
Materials......................................................... 6
Mechanical and Physical Properties............ 14
Inspections and Acceptance........................ 18
Manufacturer Submittals.............................. 19
Packaging, Shipping and Handling.............. 20
10
Quality Program........................................... 20
11
Procurement.. 21
Appendix A Data Sheet..................................... 27

Appendix B Pipe Specification.......................... 29
Appendix C Manufacturer Submittals................ 30
Appendix D Visual Examination........................ 33
Previous Issue: 4 February 2009 Next Planned Update: 27 December 2013

Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right margin
Primary contact: Mehdi, Mauyed Sahib on 966-3-8760234
CopyrightSaudi Aramco 2011. All rights reserved.
Page 1 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Issue Date: 21 June 2011
Next Planned Update: 27 December 2013
Scope
a)
This Materials, Manufacture, Qualification and Procurement Standard applies to

Reinforced Thermoset Resin (RTR) pipe and fittings for use in the following
applications:
Crude oil, gas gathering lines, flowlines and trunklines

Sweet and sour service
Process water and water injection
Exception:
This specification does not apply to RTR pipe intended for use in utilities and
fire water applications as per 01-SAMSS-029 and 01-SAMSS-034.
b)
This Specification applies to:
Aboveground and buried piping systems.

High pressure piping systems (MAOP 500 psi) and low pressure piping
systems (MAOP < 500 psi).
Conflicts and Deviations

2.1
Any conflicts between this specification and other applicable Saudi Aramco
Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs), Engineering Standards (SAESs),
Standard Drawings (SASDs), or industry standards, codes, and forms shall be
resolved in writing by the Company or Buyer Representative through the
Manager, Consulting Services Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
2.2
Direct all requests to deviate from this specification in writing to the Company or
Buyer Representative, who shall follow internal company procedure SAEP-302
and forward such requests to the Manager, Consulting Services Department of
Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
References
The following references in force on the date of the Purchase Order form a
supplementary part of this specification, as applicable:
3.1
Saudi Aramco References

Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure
SAEP-302
Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a

Mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering
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01-SAMSS-042
Requirement
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards
3.2
SAES-L-610
Nonmetallic Piping
SAES-L-650
Construction of Nonmetallic Piping in

Hydrocarbon and Water Injection Systems
Industry Codes and Standards

American Petroleum Institute
API SPEC 5B
Specification for Threading, Gauging and Thread

Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe
Threads
API SPEC 15HR
HR Specification for High Pressure Fiberglass

Line Pipe. Applicable to 1 in. through 8 in.
(25 mm through 200 mm) pipe and fittings for
operating pressures over 1,000 psi (6,895 kPa)
API SPEC 15LR
Specification for Low Pressure Fiberglass Line

Pipe. Applicable to 2 in. through 12 in. (50 mm
through 300 mm) diameter pipe of epoxy or
polyester resin for use at cyclic pressures to
1,000 psi (6,895 kPa)
American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASME B16.5
Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS

through NPS 24 Metric/Inch
American Standards for Testing and Materials

ASTM C581
Standard Practice for Determining Chemical

Resistance of Thermosetting Resins Used in
Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Structures Intended for
Liquid Service
ASTM C582
Standard Specification for Contact-Molded

Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic (RTP)
Laminates for Corrosion-Resistant Equipment
ASTM D543
Standard Test Method for Resistance of Plastics to

Chemical Reagents
ASTM D695
Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid

Plastics
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01-SAMSS-042
ASTM D696
Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear

Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between -30C
and 30C with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
ASTM D790
Test Methods for Flexural Properties of

Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and
Electrical Insulating Materials
ASTM D792
Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific

Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by
Displacement
ASTM D1559
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Plastic

Flow of Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall
Apparatus
ASTM D1598
Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of

Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
ASTM D1599
Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time

Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing,
and Fittings
ASTM D2105
Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties

of Fiberglass (Glass-Fiber- Reinforced
Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Tube
ASTM D2143
Standard Test Method for Cyclic Pressure

Strength of Reinforced, Thermosetting Plastic
Pipe
ASTM D2290
Standard Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile

Strength of Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe
by Split Disk Method
ASTM D2410
Standard Test Method for Finish Content of

Woven Glass Fabric, Cleaned and AfterFinished with Chrome Complexes, for Plastic
Laminates
ASTM D2412
Standard Test Method for Determination of

External Loading Characteristics of Plastic
Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
ASTM D2584
Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured

Reinforced Resins
ASTM D2924
Test Method for External Pressure Resistance of

Fiberglass (Glass-Fiber- Reinforced
Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
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01-SAMSS-042
ASTM D2925
Standard Test Method for Beam Deflection of

Fiberglass (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin) Pipe under Full Bore
Flow
ASTM D2992
Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure

Design Basis for Fiberglass (Glass-FiberReinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and
Fittings
ASTM D2996
Filament-Wound Fiberglass (Glass-FiberReinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
ASTM D3567
Standard Practice for Determining Dimensions of

Fiberglass (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings
ASTM D3681
Standard Test Method for Chemical Resistance of

Fiberglass (GlassFiberReinforced
Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe in a Deflected
Condition
ASTM D4161
Standard Specification for Fiberglass (GlassFiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe

Joints Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
International Standards Organization

ISO 175
Plastics - Methods of Test for the Determination of

the Effects of Immersion in Liquid Chemicals
ISO 9001
Quality Management Systems Requirements
ISO 14692-1
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries - GlassReinforced Plastics (GRP) Piping - Part 1:
Vocabulary, Symbols, Applications and
Materials
ISO 14692-2
Qualification and Manufacture
ISO 14692-3
System Design
National Association of Corrosion Engineers

NACE TM0298
Evaluating the Compatibility of RTR Pipe and

Tubulars with Oilfield Environments
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01-SAMSS-042
Responsibilities
a)
Saudi Aramco shall develop the Purchase Datasheet Information, Appendix A.
b)
As part of the bid, and based on the Purchase Datasheet Information (Appendix
A), the manufacturer will develop the following information:
c)
d)
Pipe Specifications to cover each material, size and pressure class in the scope
of the bid. The contents of the Pipe Specification shall include, as a minimum,
the information listed in Appendix B.
Basis for the material selection, and material compatibility for pipe, fittings,
components, in accordance with Section 2 of this Specification.
Material certificates including the materials, dimensional, design, physical and

mechanical properties listed in Appendix C.
Based on the data submitted by the manufacturer, Saudi Aramco shall evaluate:
The completion of the submittal
The suitability of the submittal
Upon acceptance of the manufacturer submittals, Saudi Aramco shall use the
manufacturer data to develop:
The system design in accordance with the Design Standard SAES-L-610.
The installation procedure in accordance with the Installation Standard

SAES-L-650.
Materials
5.1
5.2
API and ISO Compliance

a)
High pressure pipe and fittings (500 psi and higher rated pressure) shall be
fabricated and inspected in accordance with API SPEC 15HR.
b)
Low pressure pipe and fittings (below 500 psi) shall be fabricated and
inspected in accordance with API SPEC 15LR.
c)
The pipe and fitting manufacturer shall be API and ISO 9001 certified.
d)
All pipes and fittings procured under this Specification shall be API
monogrammed.
Pipe and Component Materials

a)
RTR pipe and fittings shall consist of thermosetting resin reinforced with
glass fiber.
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01-SAMSS-042
b)
Carbon or aramid fiber may be used to reinforce fittings or end joints.
c)
Carbon fiber may be used to provide electrical conductivity.
d)
Reinforced Thermoset Resin (RTR) pipe is made from two primary raw
materials: fiberglass, and a resin system. An epoxy resin also includes a
curing agent. The glass provides strength to the pipe, the resin provides
corrosion resistance, protecting and encapsulating the glass.
e)
RTR pipe is preferred to steel because of its wide range of corrosion

resistance to a broad range of fluids, its corrosion resistance in soils
(whereas steel requires coating and a maintained cathodic protection
system), and its light weight. RTR is primarily limited by temperature
which, depending on the resin and curing agent, ranges between 60C to
100C.
f)
Fiberglass pipe is available for high pressure service (500 psi and above),
or low pressure service (below 500 psi).
5.2.1
5.2.2
Fiberglass
a)
The glass fiber shall be of the highest quality commercial grade

E-glass filament.
b)
Fiberglass is material made from fibers of glass in continuous

lengths or woven rovings. Carbon fiber may also be used at
threaded ends to reinforce the ends. The fiberglass is procured by
the pipe manufacturer from a fiberglass manufacturer. The fiber is
wetted with the resin and its curing agent, and wound around a
mandrel in multiple passes. The winding angle and the number of
winding passes will determine the wall thickness and strength of
the finished pipe.
Resin Systems
a)
The resin shall be a premium grade, and the same resin shall be
used throughout.
b)
Acceptable resins shall be one of the following:
epoxy resins
polyester resins
vinylester resins
c)
Catalysts and promoters shall be recommended by the resin

manufacturer.
d)
The resins used shall not contain fillers except as required for
viscosity control, fire or smoke retardance, and UV protection.
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01-SAMSS-042
5.2.2.1
Glass-Reinforced Epoxy
i)
Epoxy is a thermosetting epoxide polymer that cures

(polymerizes and crosslinks) when mixed with a catalyzing
agent or hardener. Curing refers to the toughening or
hardening of a polymer material by cross-linking of
polymer chains, brought about by chemical additives.
ii)
The chemical resistance and temperature resistance of

epoxy resins depend on the choice of curing agent.
Common curing agents are: anhydride, aliphatic amine, or
aromatic amine.
5.2.2.1.1
Anhydride Cured Epoxy: Anhydride cured epoxy is

less susceptible to acid attack due to its acidic
nature.
5.2.2.1.2
Aliphatic and Cycloaliphatic Amine Cured Epoxy:

Aliphatic is a compound composed of carbon and
hydrogen which (unlike aromatic compounds) does
not contain aromatic rings. Cycloaliphatic amines
are comprised of a cyclic hydrocarbon structural
component and an amine functional group external
to that ring.
5.2.2.1.3
Aromatic Amine Cured Epoxy: Aromatic is a

compound composed of carbon and hydrogen which
contains benzene rings or similar rings of atoms.
Amine cured epoxy has excellent chemical resistance
to base environments due to its basic nature.
5.2.2.2
Glass-Reinforced Polyester
Polyester is a category of polymers which contain the ester
functional group (R-COO-R) in its main chain.
5.2.2.3
Glass-Reinforced Vinylester
a)
Vinylester is a low viscosity resin produced by the

esterification of an epoxy resin with an unsaturated
monocarboxylic acid. It can be used as an alternative to
polyester and epoxy materials in matrix or composite
materials, where its characteristics and strength are
intermediate between polyester and epoxy.
b)
Vinyl ester resins are defined in ASTM C582.

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01-SAMSS-042
5.3
5.4
Manufacture
a)
High pressure Pipe furnished to this specification shall be produced by

filament winding (FW).
b)
Low pressure pipe furnished to this specification shall be produced by

filament winding (FW) or centrifugal casting (CC) methods.
c)
Components furnished to this specification shall be produced by

compression molding (CM), centrifugal casting (CC), filament winding
(FW) or resin transfer molding (RTM) methods.
d)
Reinforced Thermoset Resin (RTR pipe) consists of continuous glass fiber

filaments (fiberglass strings) or roving (fabrics), embedded in a cured
thermosetting resin. In many cases the pipe contains a resin rich corrosionresistant thermosetting interior or exterior surface. The glass provides the
strength, while the resin provides the chemical resistance. The RTR pipe
may also contain aggregate, granular or platelets fillers, pigments or dyes.
Material Compatibility
5.4.1
Pipe and Fittings Materials

a)
The manufacturer shall specify the pipe and fitting material

compatibility, given the range of operating parameters.
b)
The supplier shall document the basis for the pipe and fitting
material compatibility with the fluid, environment, and operating
conditions, for the 20 year design life.
c)
A laminate shall be provided which consists of an interior layer and

an exterior layer, to achieve optimum chemical resistance.
d)
The interior layer shall provide abrasion resistance, based on the

Purchase Data Sheet (Appendix A).
e)
Material compatibility shall be established by the supplier by one

of the following methods:
Documented proof, with references, of successful field

experience, including fluid, environment, time and operating
conditions
NACE TM0298, Evaluating the Compatibility of RTR Pipe and

Tubulars with Oilfield Environments
ISO 175, Plastics - Methods of Test for the Determination of

the Effects of Immersion in Liquid Chemicals
ASTM C581 for chemical resistance in liquid service

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01-SAMSS-042
5.4.2
ASTM D3681 for chemical resistance in a deflected condition

(strain corrosion)
ASTM D543 test method for resistance of plastics to chemical

reagents
f)
In all cases, the pipe shall be capable of withstanding the design

pressure (LTHS and short-term burst) at the design temperature,
the bending limit (curvature), and maintain its glass transition
temperature Tg, following the exposure test.
g)
RTR pipe is susceptible to degradation in certain chemicals and

environments, and therefore, RTR pipe manufacturers publish
Chemical Resistance tables, indicating the chemical and
temperature for which each pipe is resistant. Examples are
provided in Tables 2.4.1-1 to 2.4.1-4.
Elastomeric Seal Materials and Gaskets

a)
The manufacturer shall specify the seal and gasket material

compatibility, given the range of operating parameters.
b)
The supplier shall document the basis for the seal and gasket
material compatibility with the fluid, environment, and operating
conditions, for the 20 year design life.
c)
Examples of elastomeric seals and gasket materials include:
d)
Buna-N: Nitrile (NBR) commonly used for RTR pipe O-rings.

However, they have a limited resistance to sour service.
Hydrogenetade nitriles have a better resistance to sour service.
Presently, the seal industrys most widely used elastometer is
Nitrile which combines excellent resistance to petroleum-based oils
and fuels, silicone greases, hydraulic fluids, water and alcohols,
with a good balance of such desirable working properties as low
compression set, high tensile strength, and high abrasion resistance.
Its hardness shall be Shore A 40 through 90.
e)
Neoprene: Commonly used for RTR pipe flange gasket below

225 psi rated pressure (Class 150 flange), in the range of 1/8 in
(3 mm) thick and Shore A hardness of 60 to 70 durometer.
An early developed, oil-resistant substitute for Natural Rubber,
Neoprene features moderate resistance to petroleum oils; good
resistance to ozone, sunlight and oxygen aging; relatively low
compression set; good resilience; reasonable cost; and high
resistance to attack by Freon and Ammonia. It s hardness shall be
Shore A 40 through 90.
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01-SAMSS-042
5.4.3
f)
Teflon: Commonly used for flange gasket material for high

pressure applications in the form of spiral wound Teflon and
304 stainless steel.
g)
Ethylene-Propylene (EPM/EPDM): Featuring good resistance to

such polar solvents as ketones (MEK & Acetone). EPM/EPDM is
also highly recommended for effective resistance to steam (to
400F), hot water, silicone oils and greases, dilute acids and
alkalies, alcohols and automotive brake fluids. Its hardness shall
be Shore A 40 through 90.
h)
Polyurethane: Outstanding extrusion and abrasion resistance,

tensile strength, and low friction qualities. Cast Polyurethane
compounds feature excellent resistance to mineral-based oils and
petroleum products, aliphatic solvents, alcohols and certain
polyurethane elastomers have good resistance to sour gas service.
Its hardness shall be Shore A 70 through 90.
i)
Viton: Combining high temperature toughness with wide chemical

agent compatibility, Fluorocarbon compounds feature excellent
resistance to petroleum products and solvents, with good high
temperature compression set characteristics.
j)
Fluorosilicone: Combining the good high and low temperature

stability of Silicones with the fuel, oil, and solvent resistance of
fluorocarbons. FS compounds feature good compression set and
resilience properties. FS compounds are suitable for exposure to
air, sunlight, ozone, chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons. Its
hardness shall be Shore A 50 through 80.
k)
Fluorocarbons: Organofluorine compounds that contain only

carbon and fluorine. They are considered resistant to sour gas, if
they are properly formulated. Durometer Shore A 50 thru 80.
UV protection
a)
UV protection shall be required for all pipes, fitting and

components.
b)
Ultraviolet effects will cause the outer layer of the RTR pipe to
change color and the fiber to bloom. This effect is superficial
(affects only 0.25 mm of the outside diameter). While it does not
affect the strength and pressure rating of he pipe, the surface
becomes rough and can cause cuts when touching or handling the
pipe.
c)
RTR pipe can be UV protected by field painting or it can be

procured with UV protection incorporated into the pipe by the
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01-SAMSS-042
manufacturer. It is this second approach that is adopted in this

Specification.
5.5
Pipe Joints
5.5.1
5.5.2
High Pressure
a)
High pressure pipe shall be threaded, with or without elastomeric

seal.
b)
If an elastomeric seal is used, its material shall comply with

ASTM D4161.
c)
Thread dimensions shall comply with API 5B and API SPEC 15HR
Section 5.3.2 and 5.3.4.
d)
High pressure pipe joints are typically threaded (API 5B thread

dimensions) or threaded with an elastomeric seal (O-ring seal).
Some manufacturers add graphite to the threaded to improve their
strength and wear resistance.
e)
ASTM D4161 specifies materials and performance requirements

for elastomeric seals used with RTR pipe. The requirements
include materials of manufacture, joining and leak tightness
capability in straight, sheared and deflected pipe joint position.
Low Pressure Joints

a)
Low pressure pipe joints for hydrocarbon service shall be butt and
wrap or flanged.
b)
Low pressure joints for water service shall be bell-and-spigot,

socket, flanged or butt and wrap.
c)
Low pressure pipe joints come in a variety of forms:
Bell-and-spigot shall be assembled by pushing one end of one

pipe into the end of the adjacent pipe. The joint is held by an
adhesive and may require thrust blocks to prevent the joint
from opening. The joint may also include an O-ring seal.
Socket joint shall be assembled by pushing the ends of two

adjacent pipes into a socket piece.
RTR flanged joint with steel bolts and a pair of steel backing
rings.
Butt and wrap where plain end pipes are butted together and
wrapped with multiple layers of a resin containing mat or
woven roving.
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01-SAMSS-042
5.5.3
5.6
5.7
5.8
The first two types of joints rely solely on friction and are
therefore limited to low-pressure water service application.
They will require thrust blocks or axial restraints to keep the
joint sealed when the pipe is pressurized.
Flanges
a)
Flange bolt circles, bolt holes and face dimensions shall be in

accordance with ASME B16.5.
b)
The use of ASME B16.5 flanges for RTR pipe is standard practice.
It permits the use of standard steel bolts. RTR flanges will require
washers and a steel backing ring, as specified by the manufacturer.
ASTM A193 Grade B7 bolts or studs, and ASTM A194 Grade 2H
nuts are commonly used.
Commercial Sizes
a)
The manufacturer shall determine the pipe size, based on the inner
diameter provided by the Owner and the thickness determined by the
manufacturer based on pressure rating.
b)
Dimensional tolerances of supplied pipe, for total wall thickness and for
reinforced wall thickness, shall be +22.5% and -0% in accordance with
API SPEC 15HR.
c)
Pipe jointers (two pieces coupled to form one length) are not permitted.
d)
RTR pipe sizes are determined by the manufacturer, given the inner
diameter (established based on flow rate) and thickness (established based
on pressure rating). Pipes are typically supplied in lengths of
approximately 10 meters (33 ft). Each length of pipe is often called a
joint. Examples of high pressure pipe sizes are listed in Table 2.6-1.
Tolerances
a)
Tolerances shall be in accordance with API SPEC 15HR for high pressure
pipe and fittings, and API SPEC 15LR for low pressure pipe and fittings.
b)
Tolerances for inside diameter, wall thickness and minimum reinforced

wall thickness are provided in API SPEC 15HR and API SPEC 15LR.
Cut Edges
All cut edges shall be coated with resin so that no glass fibers are exposed and
all voids filled.
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01-SAMSS-042
5.9
Markings
a)
Markings shall be in accordance with API SPEC 15HR for high pressure
and API SPEC 15LR for low pressure.
b)
API SPEC 15HR requires the manufacturer name, the symbol 15HR, the
nominal size, a unique identification number, the pressure rating, the date
of manufacture.
Mechanical and Physical Properties

a)
The mechanical and physical properties for RTR pipe and fittings must be
developed for materials representative of production.
b)
The manufacturer shall demonstrate that the mechanical and design properties
developed on laboratory specimens apply to the supplied pipe and fittings. This
applicability shall establish, as a minimum, the following equivalency:
c)
6.1
Glass material
Winding angles and thickness
Resin composition
Curing agents
Density
Degree of Cure
Aggregates
Fillers
Pigments
Dyes
An example of mechanical and physical properties of RTR pipe is given in Tables

3-1 and 3-2.
Hydrostatic Design Stress SS (ASTM D1598, ASTM D2143, ASTM D2992)
a)
The manufacturer shall provide the hydrostatic design stress of the pipe
and fittings, determined in accordance with ASTM D2992.
b)
The RTR pipe sizing equations in API SPEC 15HR (high pressure pipe) and
API SPEC 15LR (low pressure pipe) are based on the Hydrostatic Design
Stress (HDS) SS. ASTM D2992 establishes the procedure for obtaining the
Hydrostatic Design Stress (HDS) and, for complex-shaped fittings, the
Hydrostatic Design Pressure (HDP), which are used in design for sizing
RTR pipe and fittings. For high pressure pipe (pressure rating of 500 psi
and larger, API SPEC 15HR) and low pressure pipe (pressure rating below
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01-SAMSS-042
500 psi, API SPEC 15LR) the ASTM D2992 procedure can be described in
five steps:
Step 1 - A minimum of 18 specimens are exposed to a series of constant
internal pressures, at a controlled temperature, and the time to
failure is measured for each pressure. These failure tests are
conducted in accordance wth ASTM D1598 with some
adjustments described in ASTM D2992. Low pressure pipes can
be tested under static pressure (as is the case with high pressure
pipes), or tested under cyclic pressure in accordance with
procedure ASTM D2143.
Step 2 - The failure pressures (or hoop stress) versus times to failure are
plotted on a log-log scale. The plot is extrapolated to obtain the
Long Term Hydrostatic Strength (LTHS) and the Long Term
Hydrostatic Pressure (LTHP), typically defined for failure
projected at 20-years of service. Since experimental failure plots
contain a statistical scatter, a 95% Lower Confidence Limit (LCL)
is used to obtain the LTHS and LTHP.
Step 3 - The LTHS and LTHP are then converted to a Hydrostatic Design
Basis (HDB) for cylindrical pipes and fittings and the Pressure
Design Basis (PDB) for more complex-shaped fiberglass
products. This is done by combining the LTHS and LTHP, in
accordance to a procedure in ASTM D2992. For example, LTHS
that fall between 2400 psi (16500 kPa) to 3010 psi (20700 kPa)
are assigned an HDB of 2500 psi (17200 kPa). For low pressure
pipes tested by cyclic pressure the HDB is labeled HDBC.
Step 4 - Finally, the HDB and PDB are multiplied by a service design
factor (a design margin) to obtain the Hydrostatic Design Stress
(HDS) and Hydrostatic Design Pressure (HDP) respectively. The
design factor is specified in API SPEC 15HR as Sf = 0.67. For
low pressure pipe rated based on cyclic pressure tests the design
factor is Sf = 1.0.
Step 5 - The manufacturer documents the tests used to develop LTHS and
LTHP, the regressions used to develop HDB and PDB, and the
margins used to establish HDS and HDP in a report required by
ASTM D2992.
6.2
Pressure Rating (API SPEC 15HR, API SPEC 15LR, ASTM D2992)
a)
The pressure rating of high pressure RTR pipe shall be established by the
manufacturer in accordance with API SPEC 15HR, Equation (1) or
Equation (2) corrected to include the Service Factor Sf = 0.67.
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01-SAMSS-042
6.3
6.4
6.5
b)
The manufacturer shall provide the 95% Lower Confidence Limit (LCL)
of the Long-Term Hydrostatic Strength (LTHS) at 20 years, developed in
accordance with ASTM D2992 Procedure B at the specified design
temperature or higher.
c)
The pressure rating of high pressure RTR fittings and components shall be
established by the manufacturer in accordance with API SPEC 15HR,
Section 5.1.2.
d)
The manufacturer shall correct the pressure rating of the piping and fittings
to account for the chemical degradation caused by the fluid for the 20 year
design life. The correction factor for temperature and fluid environment
shall be conducted in accordance with ISO 14692-2:2002 Appendix D
which permits a 1000 hour environment survival test.
Short-Term Burst Pressure (API SPEC 15HR, API SPEC 15LR, ASTM D1559)
a)
Fittings and components shall be tested for short-term burst strength in

accordance with API SPEC 15HR Section 5.1.4. The short-term burst
pressure shall exceed the specified short-term burst pressure.
b)
Test procedure ASTM D1599 is established to determine the resistance of

RTR pipe and fittings to short-term over-pressure, at various temperatures.
The pipe specimens are conditioned at the required temperature, and then
the pressure is steadily raised until failure occurs between 60 to 70
seconds. This test provides useful information if the system will be
subjected to pressure transients (such as waterhammer) which exceeds the
rated pressure of the pipe or fitting. It is recommended in the design
standard that a sufficiently thick pipe be selected so that, even in case of
pressure transient, the rated pressure is not exceeded.
Longitudinal and Hoop Tensile Properties (ASTM D2105, ASTM D2290)

a)
The manufacturer shall provide the longitudinal hoop tensile hoop stress in
accordance with ASTM D2105 and ASTM D2290.
b)
The design of RTR piping systems requires determination of the stressstrain properties of the material, in particular the modulus of elasticity and
yield stress. The longitudinal properties are obtained by tensile tests in
accordance with ASTM D2105. The hoop properties are obtained in
accordance with ASTM D2290.
Parallel Plate Loading (ASTM D2412)

a)
The manufacturer shall provide the pipe ring stiffness and ovality limit in
accordance with ASTM D2410.
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01-SAMSS-042
b)
6.6
6.7
6.8
The design of buried RTR pipe requires determination of the ring

deflection pipe stiffness of the pipe PS, as well as the ovality limit of the
pipe. The pipe stiffness is obtained by ring deflection tests of sections of
RTR pipe between parallel plates, in accordance with ASTM D2412. The
ovality limit is obtained by observation of the deflected pipe for evidence
of visible pipe or liner cracking, pipe delamination (separation of
components of the pipe wall), or liner crazing (network of fine breaks in
the liner), in accordance with ASTM D2412.
External Pressure Resistance (ASTM D2924)

a)
The manufacturer shall provide the maximum permitted external

differential pressure in accordance with ASTM D2924.
b)
The design of RTR pipe may require design for differential external
pressure, for example when the pipe operates at sub-atmospheric pressure,
or when the pipe is under the water table. The external pressure resistance
of RTR pipe by buckling, compression or leakage under external
differential pressure is determined in accordance with ASTM D2924.
Glass Transition of Pipe and Fittings

a)
The resin of pipe and fittings shall have a glass transition temperature Tg
greater than or equal to the larger of (a) 95C and (b) the design
temperature plus 30C.
b)
The glass transition temperature Tg shall be established through

differential scanning calorimetry, in accordance with Appendix C of
API SPEC 15HR, at a minimum frequency of once per shift for each resin
system used at each manufacturers facility.
c)
A differential scanning calorimeter measures the difference in heat flow

required to heat the sample compared to a reference specimen. The first
inflexion point in the heat flow vs. temperature curve indicates the glass
transition temperature Tg of the sample. The glass transition temperature,
Tg, is the temperature at which the RTR pipe becomes brittle on cooling,
or soft on heating. Below the glass transition temperature, Tg, the glass
state is maintained and joining bonds remain intact. DSC is widely used as
a quality control check of the quality of the RTR pipe curing.
Glass Transition of Adhesives

Where pipes are joined with adhesives, the glass transition temperature of the
cured adhesive shall not be less than 95% of the minimum value quoted by the
manufacturer for the adhesive or resin system.
Page 17 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Inspections and Acceptance

7.1
Manufacturer
7.1.1
7.1.2
Inspection Standard
a)
High pressure pipe and fittings shall be inspected and tested in

accordance with API SPEC 15HR.
b)
Low pressure pipe and fittings shall be inspected and tested in

accordance with API SPEC 15LR.
Dimensions
The following dimensions shall be determined in accordance with
ASTM D3567:
7.1.3
Internal diameter
Outside diameter
Weight
Minimum wall thickness
Reinforced wall thickness
Laying length
Glass Content
Glass content shall be inspected in accordance with ASTM D2584, as a
minimum once per lot, but not less often than once per week. Glass
content shall be in accordance with the manufacturer specification, but
not less than 7080% for filament wound pipe, 6575% for filament
wound fittings.
7.1.4
Hydrotest
a)
The manufacturer shall hydrotest each high pressure pipe, fitting

and component, at 1.5 times the rated pressure at ambient
temperature, for a minimum of 2 minutes. For every 50th joint the
pressure shall be maintained for a minimum of 10 minutes.
b)
For low pressure pipes, one pipe out of a lot of 5,000 feet, and all
low pressure fittings except bushings and flanges, shall be
hydrotested or pneumatically tested, at 1.5 times the rated pressure
at ambient temperature.
Page 18 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
7.1.5
Degree of Cure
The degree of cure shall be determined by DSC according to Section 3 of
this Specification:
For pipes: at a minimum once per shift for each resin system.
For fittings: at a minimum one fitting per 100 units fabricated.
The Tg shall be not more than 5C below the minimum Tg or the pipe or
fitting.
7.1.6
Short-Term Hydrostatic Failure Test

The short-term hydrostatic failure pressure (ASTM D1599) shall be
conducted once per lot of 5,000 ft of pipe, and once per lot of 100 fitting
or components units. The failure pressure shall be greater than 85% of
the published value.
7.1.7
Visual Inspection
All pipes, fittings and components shall be visually inspected to the
visual standards of Appendix D.
7.1.8
Retest
If a component fails any of the required tests, the manufacturer shall
retest 2 components of the same lot. If one or both components fail, the
whole lot shall be inspected for the failed parameter, each deficient
product of the lot shall be identified and discarded.
7.2
Inspection by Saudi Aramco

a)
The manufacturer shall maintain all materials and fabrication records for a
minimum of 5 years from the date of shipment to Saudi Aramco, and make
the records available to Saudi Aramco upon request, with one week notice.
b)
Saudi Aramco reserves the right to issue inspection notice for plant access,
sub-contractors and suppliers access, compliance, rejection.
Manufacturer Submittals
8.1
Pipe and Fitting Data

The manufacturer shall submit the pipe and fitting specifications (Appendix B),
and the manufacturer Input Sheet (Appendix C) to permit the Owner to verify
Page 19 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
the quality of materials, pipes, fittings and components, to design the system, to
inspect and repair the system where necessary.
8.2
10
Field Handling and Installation Instructions

a)
In addition, the manufacturer shall submit the field handling, storage, and
installation requirements for aboveground and buried applications.
b)
The manufacturer shall submit field joining procedures, including required

experience and training of installation personnel.
c)
The manufacturer shall submit field hydrotest limitations.
Packaging, Shipping and Handling

a)
The pipe and fitting ends shall be sealed to prevent damage, and penetration of
dirt, water, humidity or contaminants.
b)
Flange faces shall be protected.
c)
Yard storage shall be in accordance with the manufacturer requirements.
d)
The pipes shall be set on a flat surface, free of sharp edges.
e)
Support pipe on a minimum of four equally spaced racks.
f)
Maintain end protectors throughout storage.
g)
If they are to be bundled, pipes and fittings shall be secured by straps; chains are
not permitted.
h)
Precautions shall be in place to tie-down pipes and fittings to prevent overturning

or fall subject to high winds.
i)
Gaskets and adhesive systems and lubricants shall be stored in their original
packing in accordance with the manufacturer recommendations.
j)
The stored adhesive systems or lubricants shall be discarded if they have an

expired shelf life.
k)
Pipes shall be visually inspected for damage before shipment.
Quality Program
a)
The manufacturer quality program shall be in accordance with ISO 9001,

API SPEC 15HR for high pressure pipe, and API SPEC 15LR for low pressure
pipe.
b)
The manufacturer shall have and maintain an up-to-date Quality Manual.
c)
The manufacturer shall institute a raw material control program, with evidence of
audits of raw material suppliers.
Page 20 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
d)
11
The manufacturer shall maintain written procedures for:
Receipt acceptance of raw materials
Storage of raw materials

Mixing procedures
Cure procedures
Fabrication practices
Personnel training and qualification
e)
The manufacturer shall have an independent Quality Control inspection function.
f)
All equipment and instruments used in Quality Control shall be identified,

controlled and calibrated at least every 6 months.
g)
Pressure gages shall be accurate within 2% of full scale range.
h)
All pipes, fittings and components shall be traceable, through their markings, to
the manufacturing plant, the lot and its raw material.
Procurement
11.1
Materials
(Specify the material if it is a re-order, or specify as follows)
11.2
11.1.1
The Supplier shall select the appropriate pipe and fitting in compliance
with the Design Input Sheet, Appendix A.
11.1.2
The pipe material shall be compatible with the fluid, environment

specified in Appendix A, for a 20-year design life.
11.1.3
The manufacturer shall submit the basis for FRP material selection,
and proof of compatibility with the fluid and environment specified.
11.1.4
Pipe shall be filament wound.
11.1.5
Fittings may be filament wound or centrifugal cast.
Material Certificates
11.2.1
The Supplier shall submit the material certificates for the fiberglass,
traceable to pipe and fittings.
11.2.2
The Supplier shall submit the material certificates for the resin systems
and curing agents, traceable to pipe and fittings.
Page 21 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
11.2.3
The Supplier shall submit the material certificates for graphite fiber
(if used), traceable to pipe and fittings.
11.2.4
Each pipe shall contain a legible, embedded label indicating, as a

minimum:
11.3
11.4
Manufacturer name
Product code
Traceability to production facility, date, lot
Nominal size
Pressure class
API Compliance
11.3.1
High Pressure Pipe (pressure rated at 500 psi and above) shall be
fabricated by an API SPEC 15HR certified manufacturer.
11.3.2
Low Pressure Pipe (pressure rated below 500 psi) shall be fabricated
by an API SPEC 15LR certified manufacturer.
11.3.3
Pipe and fittings shall be API monogrammed.
11.3.4
Reference standards for physical and mechanical properties shall be in

accordance with Appendix B.
Shipping
Shipping shall be by means of seaworthy crates in cube containers.
11.5
Transport
Transport to the field shall be in original crates or in dedicated (Fiberglass Only)
flat bed trailers, tied-down with straps (not chains).
11.6
Receipt Inspection and Storage

Each delivery shall be inspected by the Buyer. Inspection will include, but not
be limited to:
11.6.1
The trailer load or container load shall be checked for load shifting
which may have occurred during transportation.
11.6.2
The ends shall be checked for missing or broken end protectors.
11.6.3
The quantities of pipes and fittings shall be checked.
Page 22 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
11.6.4
Pipe and fittings shall be inspected for conformance to the Purchase

Order.
11.6.5
Joining kits (adhesive bonds, lubricants, etc.) shall be inspected for

conformance to the manufacturer installation manual and the
Engineering Design, and for evidence of damage or tempering.
11.6.6
The pipe label shall be inspected to verify conformance to the

Engineering Design.
11.6.7
As a minimum, the label shall confirm the pipe manufacturer, size,

material, and pressure rating.
11.6.8
The product code for each pipe and fitting shall be verified to be
traceable to the material certificate prior to installation.
11.6.9
Pipes and fittings shall be inspected to assure that each end is properly
sealed with a cap.
11.6.10 Pipes and fittings shall be inspected for evidence of damage or

distortion.
11.6.11 Mark and quarantine pipes or fittings which do not pass the receipt
inspection, pending disposition.
11.6.12 Pipe edges shall be inspected to be smooth, not prone to cutting skin on
contact.
11.6.13 Threads type and size shall be inspected to be in accordance with
API SPEC 5B.
11.7
Field Support
11.7.1
The Supplier shall provide Installer training and certification services.
11.7.2
A Supplier field service representative shall be on site for the purpose

of training the installation crew and inspection of delivered product.
11.7.3
The Supplier shall specify the crew size needed for handling and
joining the pipe and fittings for joining and installation.
11.7.4
The supplier shall provide technical expertise and onsite assistance,

necessary, to troubleshoot joining or installation problems encountered
should they arise.
Page 23 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
11.8
11.9
Ends Protection
11.8.1
Pipe and fittings shall be sealed and protected with solid protectors.
11.8.2
The Supplier shall provide wire brush for ends and thread cleaning.
Adhesives, Lubricants and Sealants

11.9.1
The supplier shall provide a sufficient quantity of adhesives, lubricants

and sealants required to join the quantity of pipe and fittings supplied.
11.9.2
High pressure pipe and fittings: The Supplier shall furnish thread
lubricants and sealants compatible with the fluid, temperature and
pressure specified in Appendix A.
11.9.3
Low pressure pipes and fittings: The Supplier shall furnish all tools
and materials necessary for preparation and joining, including hack
saws, molds, tapering tools, epoxy kits, adhesives, chemical heat packs
and woven roving.
11.10 Flange Kits

The Supplier shall provide a number of flange kits, as specified in the order.
The flange kit shall include all parts necessary for field joining, including:
Two flange halves compatible with the pipe

Spiral-wound gaskets compatible with the parameters specified in the
Design Input Sheet (Appendix A)
Studs and nuts
Steel backing rings (if required)
Bolt sequence and, if required, torque
11.11 Make-Up Tools

The Supplier shall provide joint make-up tools for the materials and dimensions
supplied, including strap wrenches and metal friction wrenches and bearing pads
as necessary.
11.12 Field Hydrotest
11.12.1 The Supplier shall specify the recommended hydrotest water chemistry.
11.12.2 The Supplier shall specify the hydrotest pressure limit.
Page 24 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
11.13 Records
The Supplier shall maintain at the manufacturer facility or other facility to be
approved by the Buyer the material records and certificates for all materials
purchased, including compliance to the applicable Standards listed in Appendix B.
11.14 Submittals
11.14.1 The Supplier shall submit a Pressure Rating Report prepared and
signed by the manufacturer to document the basis for the pressure
rating, including pressure transients, in accordance with API SPEC
15HR and API SPEC 15LR.
11.14.2 The Supplier shall submit the completed Manufacturer Input Sheet
(Appendix B).
11.14.3 The Supplier shall submit material certificates, traceable to each pipe
or fitting label.
11.15 Manufacturer Quality Program
11.15.1 The Manufacturer shall be ISO certified.
11.15.2 The Manufacturer shall be API SPEC 15HR and API SPEC 15LR
certified.
11.15.3 The Buyer shall have the right to audit the facilities of the
manufacturer, the Supplier and all their suppliers or sub contractors
upon provision of a two-week notice of such an audit.
11.15.4 Buyer audit may include but shall not be limited to:
Certification records
Manufacturing records
Manufacturing and storage facilities
Engineering calculations and reports
Testing and Analytical Lab Capabilities
Outsourcing interfaces
11.16 Warranty
(Company-specific. Note: FRP pipe and fittings are typically supplied with a
one-year warranty.)
Page 25 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
27 December 2008
18 January 2009
4 February 2009
21 June 2011
Revision Summary
New Saudi Aramco Materials System Specification.
Editorial revision.
Editorial revision.
Editorial revision to remove the committee members list.
Page 26 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Appendix A Data Sheet

The end user (or representative) should fill out the form below.
Table A Purchase Data Sheet Information

1.
Saudi Aramco Organization/End User

End User
Representative
1.1
Responsible Engineer
1.2
Organization Code
1.3
e-mail
1.4
Telephone No.
2.
Project
2.1
Project Name
2.2
Location
2.3
Type of System (Flowline, piping, etc.)
2.4
Special Operations
3.
Basic Design Data
3.1
Pipe Nominal Diameter, mm
3.2
Pipe Nominal Internal Diameter, mm
3.3
Pipe length, meters
3.4
Design Life, years
3.5
Operational Temperature
Min:
Max:
3.6
Design Temperature
Min:
Max:
3.7
Ambient Temperature
Min:
Max:
3.8
Operational Pressure
Min:
Max:
3.9
Design Pressure
Min:
Max:
3.10
Expected Cycle Working Pressures
Min:
Max
3.11
Field Hydrostatic Pressure
Min:
Max:
3.12
External Pressure
Min:
Max:
3.13
Load Soil
Min:
Max:
3.14
Road Crossing Requirements
3.15
3.16
Fluid Velocity
Flow Rate (BPD oil/condensate; BPD water;
MCF/D gas)
Fluid particles Content and Size
Min:
Max:
Min:
Max:
3.17
Page 27 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Table A Purchase Data Sheet Information (contd)

4.
Fluid Service
4.1
Type (gas, water, oil, multiphase)
4.2
Fluid Composition
4.3
If applicable, Oil/Water/Gas Ratio
4.4
CO2 Content
4.5
H2S Content
4.6
4.7
Other Chemicals (Inhibitor/type, etc.)

Fluid Maintenance Requirement
(Acid Cleaning, Hot oil, etc.)
5.
Please, attached fluid chemical analysis
Special Pipe Requirement
5.1
Type of Resin
5.2
Type of Joint System
5.3
Fire Resistance Performance
5.4
Conductivity
5.5
API Monogram requirement
5.6
Sand or suspended solids
6.
Installation Details
6.1
Description of Installation (above/below ground)
6.2
Ground Conditions (Sandy, Rocky,etc.)
6.3
External environment (Temp, sun, etc.)
6.4
Installation Procedure
6.5
External interference hazards
6.6
Routing and spatial
6.7
6.8
6.9
Future Tie-in requirements

End fitting interface requirements
(FF, RF, RJ Flange, other)
Delivery date required
7.
Operational Requirements
7.1
Inspection Requirements Internal/External
7.2
Pigging Requirements
7.3
Reparability Requirements
7.4
Impact resistance requirements
7.5
External wear requirements
Page 28 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Appendix B Pipe Specification

Example of a Pipe Specification Submitted by the Manufacturer
(For Illustration Only)
Table B Example of a Pipe Specification
Size
Pipe
Flange
Fittings
NPS
1.5
2.5
3
4
Spec 1000
-20 to 100F at 1000 psi
Crude Oil Service
10
Mfr. Pr
Class
1500
1000 minimum
Threads
10 rd
5B EUE 8rd
Materials
Glass fiber epoxy composite (Ali. Amine, Aro. Amine, Anh.)
Fabrication
Filament wound pipe only, ASTM D2996, API SPEC 15HR
Pr. Class
Class 600 flat face
Ends
10 rd
Material
Ali. Amine cured Epoxy resin, Glass fiber, Composite (specify)
Fabrication
Filament wound flange only
Pr. Class
1500
1000 minimum, Exceeds pipe
Threads
10 rd
5B EUE 8rd
Material
Ali. Amine cured Epoxy resin, Glass fiber, Composite (specify)
Fabrication
Filament wound fitting only
5B EUE 8 rd
12
5B OD 8rd
5B OD 8rd
5B OD 8rd
Bolting
ASTM A193 Grade B7 bolts, ASTM A194 Grade 2H hex nuts
Gaskets
Spiral wound Teflon-304 stainless steel
Page 29 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Appendix C Manufacturer Submittals

Table C Manufacturer Input Sheet
Product Description
Manufacturer
Notes
Product name
Product code
Pipe designation code (ASTM D2996)
Size
Maximum pressure at maximum temperature
Joining method
Body reinforcement type and supplier
Ends reinforcement type and supplier
Resin
Curing agents
UV protection type and depth (if any)
Repair nipples threaded
Repair nipple flange
API SPEC 15HR and API SPEC 15LR Standards and Certifications
Certification (API, ISO)
API SPEC 15HR
API SPEC 15LR
20 years
Design life
Fluid Compatibility
Chemical resistance list with technical basis
Application
Sour service limit
Page 30 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Size and Dimensions

Inside diameter (nominal)
Volume capacity (gallons/liters)
Reinforced wall thickness and tolerance
Total wall thickness and tolerance
Outside diameter (nominal)
Length
Size (saddles only)
Connection outside diameter
Thread type, length
Ends insertion depth
Phyical Properties
Total weight per joint
Linear weight
Density
Specific gravity (ASTM D792)
Coefficient of thermal conductivity
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ASTM D696)
Tensile modulus of elasticity axial (ambient temperature) (ASTM D2105)
Tensile modulus of elasticity axial (maximum temperature) (ASTM D2105)
Tensile modulus of elasticity hoop (ambient temperature) (ASTM D2105)
Tensile modulus of elasticity hoop (maximum temperature) (ASTM D2105)
Compression modulus of elasticity (ambient temperature) (ASTM D695)
Compression modulus of elasticity (maximum temperature) (ASTM D695)
Beam bending modulus of elasticity (ambient temperature) (ASTM D2925)
Beam bending modulus of elasticity (maximum temperature) (ASTM D2925)
Ring flexural modulus of elasticity (ambient temperature) (ASTM D790)

Ring flexural modulus of elasticity (maximum temperature) (ASTM D790)
Poisson ratio (API SPEC 15HR Appendix F)
Abrasion resistance
Page 31 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Mechanical Design Properties

Pressure rating
Ultimate pressure (ASTM D1599)
Factory hydrotest pressure
Factory hydrotest (100% if each piece is tested)
SS 95% LCL of LTHS (ASTM D2992 Procedure B) (room temperature)
SS 95% LCL of LTHS (ASTM D2992 Procedure B) (maximum temperature)
Ultimate tensile stress (ASTM D2105)

Design tensile stress (ASTM D2105)
Short-term tensile rated force
Axial compression ultimate stress (ASTM D695)
Axial compression design stress (ASTM D695)
Maximum permitted ovalization limit
Permitted bend radius if bent
Flexibility factor of fitting in-plane (ISO 14692-3)
Flexibility factor of fitting out-of-plane (ISO 14692-3)
Stress intensification factor in-plane (ISO 14692-3)
Stress intensification factor out-of-plane (ISO 14692-3)
Design allowable stress envelope (ISO 14692-3)
Beam bending design stress with applied design margin
Ultimate collapse external pressure (ASTM D2924)
Recommended support spacing
Recommended thrust blocks
Design Guide
Hydraulic Design Factors
Hazen-Williams coefficient
Manning coefficient (in or mm)
Surface roughness (in or mm)
Hydrostatic Test
Maximum pressure for field hydrotest
Page 32 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Appendix D Visual Examination

Table D. Visual Examination and Acceptance Criteria
Defect
Description
Criterion
Disposition
Note: The following acceptance criteria apply to the pipe body and fitting body, away from threads or
sealing surfaces. No defects are permitted on threads or sealing surfaces.
Distortion or
Burn
discoloration of the RTR None permitted.
Reject
product surface.
If there are undamaged,
fibers exposed over any
area; or no fibers are
Minor repair
exposed but an area
Small piece broken from
greater than 10 mm x
edge or surface. If
10 mm lacks resin.
Chip
reinforcement fibers are
If there are no fibers
broken, the damage is
exposed, and the area
considered a crack.
Accept
lacking resin is less than
10 mm x 10 mm
If more severe than the
Reject
above
Sharp cut that reaches
Crack
None permitted.
Reject
the reinforcing fibers.
Crack lengths greater
Minor repair
Fine hairline cracks at or
than 25.0 mm.
Crazing
under the surface of the
Crack lengths less than
component.
Accept
25.0 mm.
Area of incomplete
surface film where the
Dry spot
None permitted.
Reject
reinforcement has not
been wetted by resin.
Rupture of the
component with
complete penetration of
Fracture
the laminate. Majority of None permitted.
Reject
fibers broken. Visible as
lighter colored area of
inter-laminar separation.
Discoloration and
possible bubble
reaching the
Impact mark
None permitted
Reject
reinforcement. Impact a
spare sample with a
hammer for reference.
Foreign matter molded
Inclusion
None permitted.
Reject
into the component.
Page 33 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Defect
Description
Criterion
Pin hole
Small round pit or

porosity
Superficial, does not

penetrate the
reinforcement, less than
1 mm depth, and less
than 1 per m2.
UV induced fiber
blooming
Discoloration and
increased roughness of
the pipe surface
None permitted on UVprotected pipe.
Void
Wear scratch
Air bubble
Shallow mark caused by

improper handling,
storage and/or
transportation. If
reinforcement fibers are
broken, the damage is
considered a crack.
Superficial and less than

2 mm diameter and
0.5 mm deep, and less
than 4 voids per m2
above.
If there are undamaged,
fibers exposed over any
area; or no fibers are
exposed but an area
greater than 10 mm x
10 mm lacks resin.
If there are no fibers
exposed, and the area
lacking resin is less than
10 mm x 10 mm
above.
Disposition
Accept
Reject
Accept
Reject
Minor repair
Accept
Reject
Page 34 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Table 2.4.1-1 General Chemical Resistance

(Actual chemical resistance to be obtained from the manufacturer)
Fluid
Epoxy
Inorganic
Dilute acids
Concentrated acids
Oxidizing acids
Alkalis
Acid gases
Ammonia gases
Halogen gases
Salts
Oxidizing salts
Polyester or Vinylester
R
NR
NR
R
NR
R
NR
R
NR
R
R
L
L
L
R
R
R
R
L
NR
L
L
L
L
L
R
L
R
R
NR
L
L
L
L
L
R
L
L
Organic
Acids
Anhydride acids
Alcohols
Esters/Ethers
Hydrocarbons aliphatic
Hydrocarbons aromatic
Hydrocarbons halogenated
Natural gas
Synthetic gas
Oils
R = recommended, L = limited usage, NR = not recommended
Table 2.4.1-2 Example of Chemical Resistance of Epoxy-Based RTR to Hydrocarbons

(Actual chemical resistance to be obtained from manufacturer)
Anhydride
o
F
C
150
65
150
65
150
65
150
65
150
65
150
65
150
65
100
38
o
Crude oil, sweet

Crude oil, sour
Diesel fuel
Fuel oil
Gasoline
Jet fuels
Kerosene
Naphta
Aliphatic Amine
o
o
F
C
200
93
200
93
200
93
200
93
200
93
200
93
200
93
200
93
Aromatic Amine
o
o
F
C
210
99
210
99
210
99
210
99
210
99
150
66
210
99
210
99
Page 35 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Table 2.4.1-3 Example of Chemical Resistance of Epoxy-Based RTR to Gases

Aliphatic
Amine
o
o
F
C
Anhydride
o
Aromatic
Amine
o
o
F
C
Air, wet and dry
150
65
200
93
210
99
Carbon dioxide, dry, < 800 psi
150
65
175
80
175
80
Carbon dioxide, dry, > 800 psi
NR
NR
150
65
150
65
Carbon dioxide, wet, < 800 psi
150
65
175
80
175
80
Carbon dioxide, wet, > 800 psi
NR
NR
150
65
150
65
Hydrogen sulfide, dry
150
65
175
80
175
80
Methane, natural gas
125
50
150
65
150
65
Sour gas (with < 5% H2S), wet, < 500 psi
100
38
200
93
210
99
Sour gas (with > 5% H2S), wet, < 500 psi
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Table 2.4.1-4 Example of Chemical Resistance of Epoxy-Based RTR to Waters

Anhydride
Aliphatic Amine
Aromatic
Amine
F
C
Water with brine, salt, KCl, Hard
150
65
200
93
210
99
Water, chlorinated (to 100 ppm)
100
38
150
65
150
66
Water, demineralized, distilled
100
38
200
93
200
93
Water, produced, sweet (CO2)
150
65
200
93
210
99
Water, produced, sour (H2S)
150
65
200
93
210
99
Water, sea
150
65
200
93
210
99
Page 36 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Table 2.6-1 Example of Pipe Size and Pressure Rating for High Pressure Line Pipe
(For actual sizes and pressure rating consult the pipe manufacturer)
Rating at 150F
(65.6oC)
(psi)
3 min
Outer
Diameter
in (mm)
3.14 (79,8)
Wall
Thickness
in (mm)
0.07 (1,8)
Failure
Pressure
Psi (MPa)
1500 (10,3)
8 max
7.75 (196,9)
0.13 (3,2)
1100 (7,6)
14 (4,3)
2 min
2.14 (54,4)
0.07 (1,8)
2200 (15,2)
9 (2,8)
8 max
8.00 (203,2)
0.25 (6,4)
2100 (14,5)
17 (5,2)
1.5 min
1.65 (41,9)
0.08 (1,9)
3100 (21,4)
8 (2,5)
8 max
8.25 (209,6)
0.38 (9,5)
3100 (21,4)
18 (5,5)
1.5 min
1.71 (43,4)
0.11 (2,7)
4300 (29,6)
9 (2,8)
8 max
9.08 (230,6)
0.55 (14,0)
4200 (29,0)
20 (6,2)
1.5 min
1.76 (44,7)
0.13 (3,3)
5200 (35,9)
9 (2,8)
4 max
4.59 (116,6)
0.34 (8,6)
5200 (35,9)
15 (4,6)
1.5 min
1.82 (46,2)
0.16 (4,1)
6300 (43,4)
9 (2,8)
4 max
4.55 (115,6)
0.40 (10,2)
6300 (43,4)
15 (4,6)
Nominal
Size
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Max. Support
Span
ft (m)
10 (3,1)
Table 3-1 Approximate Physical and Mechanical Properties

(Actual RTR pipe properties to be obtained from the manufacturer)
Epoxy
Polyester
Vinylester
1.90
1.60
1.90
0.03
0.03
0.03
35,000
35,000
35,000
9,000
9,000
9,000
1.4
1.4
1.4
> 20,000
> 20,000
> 20,000
> 25
> 25
> 25
14
14
14
Thermal Conductivity (BTU/hr.ft . F.in)
1.8
1.3
1.3
Supports Combustion
No
Yes
Yes
Temperature limit (C)
66 to 100
70
100
- 35
- 35
- 35
Specific Gravity
o
Water Absorption [% 24 hours at 73 F (23C)]

Hoop Tensile Strength [psi at 78F (26C)]
Axial Tensile Strength [psi at 78F (26C)]
o
Modulus of Elasticity in Tension [psi at 73 F (23C) x 10 ]

Flexural Strength [psi at 73F (23C)]
Impact Strength (Izod, ft-lb/in, notch)
-6
Hoop Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (1/F x 10 )

-6
Axial Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (1/F x 10 )

2
Minimum operating temperature (C)
Page 37 of 38

01-SAMSS-042
Table 3-2 Example of Physical and Mechanical Properties

of High Pressure Epoxy Resin Line Pipe
(Actual RTR pipe properties to be obtained from the manufacturer)
Property
Maximum temperature F (C)
Life expectancy
20 year Average long term hydrostatic
strength
(LTHS ASTM D2992-B)

20 year Lower confidence limit
(LCL ASTM D2992-B)
Density
Specific gravity
Coefficient of thermal conductivity
Coefficient of thermal expansion
Hoop modulus of elasticity
Axial modulus of elasticity
Poisson ratio
Anhydride
150F
65.6C
20 years
23,270 psi at 150F
160,5 MPa at
65.6C
21,400 psi at 150F
147,6 Mpa at
65.6C
121 lb/ft3
1,94 10-3 kg/cm3
1.94
0.23 BTU/ft.hr.F
0.14 W/m.C
12.5 10-6 1/F
22,6 10-6 1/C
3.5 106 psi
24,1 GPa
1.5 106 psi
10,3 GPa
0.38
Aliphatic Amine
200F
93.3C
20 years
18,410 psi at 200F
126,9 Mpa at
93.3C
17,554 psi at 200F
121,0 Mpa at
93.3C
124 lb/ft3
1,93 10-3 kg/cm3
1.99
0.23 BTU/ft.hr.F
0.14 W/m.C
8.7 10-6 1/F
15,7 10-6 1/C
3.3 106 psi
22,8 GPa
2.0 106 psi
13,8 GPa
0.39
Aromatic Amine
212F
100C
20 years
16,945 psi at 200F
116,8 Mpa at
93.3C
14,654 psi at 200F
101,0 Mpa at
93.3C
112 lb/ft3
1,8 10-3 kg/cm3
1.80
0.23 BTU/ft.hr.F
0.14 W/m.C
8.8 10-6 1/F
15,8 10-6 1/C
3.2 106 psi
22,8 GPa
1.82 106 psi
12,6 GPa
0.38
Page 38 of 38

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What is the scope of this specification?

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What are the referenced standards and codes?

Materials System Specification

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Conflicts and Deviations................................. 2

Mechanical and Physical Properties............ 14

Inspections and Acceptance........................ 18

Packaging, Shipping and Handling.............. 20

Appendix A Data Sheet..................................... 27

Previous Issue: 4 February 2009 Next Planned Update: 27 December 2013

Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee

This Materials, Manufacture, Qualification and Procurement Standard applies to

Crude oil, gas gathering lines, flowlines and trunklines

This Specification applies to:

Aboveground and buried piping systems.

Conflicts and Deviations

Saudi Aramco References

Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a

Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee

Construction of Nonmetallic Piping in

Industry Codes and Standards

Specification for Threading, Gauging and Thread

API SPEC 15HR

HR Specification for High Pressure Fiberglass

API SPEC 15LR

Specification for Low Pressure Fiberglass Line

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS

American Standards for Testing and Materials

Standard Practice for Determining Chemical

Standard Specification for Contact-Molded

Standard Test Method for Resistance of Plastics to

Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid

Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee

Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear

Test Methods for Flexural Properties of

Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific

Standard Test Method for Resistance to Plastic

Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of

Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time

Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties

Standard Test Method for Cyclic Pressure

Standard Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile

Standard Test Method for Finish Content of

Standard Test Method for Determination of

Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured

Test Method for External Pressure Resistance of

Document Responsibility: Materials and Corrosion Control Standards Committee

Standard Test Method for Beam Deflection of

Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure

Filament-Wound Fiberglass (Glass-FiberReinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe

Standard Practice for Determining Dimensions of

Standard Test Method for Chemical Resistance of

Standard Specification for Fiberglass (GlassFiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe

International Standards Organization

Plastics - Methods of Test for the Determination of

Quality Management Systems Requirements