Cast Alloys in Aluminium 2013
Cast Alloys in Aluminium 2013
Cast Alloys in Aluminium 2013
IN ALUMINIUM
TY
SIMPLICI
ITY
RELIABIL
MENT
DEVELOP
contents
page
Customer-specific alloys....................................................................3
Continuous development of customer benefit.............................5
Our collaboration is creating major environmental benefit...... 7
Pressure die cast alloys.......................................................................8
Sand and chill cast alloys.................................................................10
Alloy keys............................................................................................. 12
STENAL460 ....................................................................................... 14
Product description........................................................................... 15
Printed on 100%
recycled paper.
customer-specific
alloys.
This brochure presents the European standard for aluminium alloys for foundry
use. At Stena Aluminium, however, the majority of the alloys we produce are to
specific customer requirements. Our alloys are used particularly in the automotive, electronics, engineering and furniture industries. Today, we produce around
450 customized aluminium alloys with varying properties in terms of conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, strength, polishability, breaking
strength, yield strength, machinability, weldability and so on.
INGOTS OR LIQUID
Stena Aluminium was the first in the Nordic
countries to deliver liquid aluminium to industry,
in large specially built thermoses that hold
up to eight metric tonnes of liquid aluminium
per container. The molten aluminium has the
appropriate temperature and can be used directly
in the customer's process.
CONTINUOUS
DEVELOPMENT OF
CUSTOMER BENEFIT.
Stena Aluminium is constantly pursuing its development work so it can offer
market leading products and service. The success of recent years is spurring
us on to make even greater efforts, which benefits you as our customer.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT & TRAINING
Stena Aluminium provides technical support in
process and product development for increased
quality and efficiency. This can concern everything
from optimization of product properties to the
smelting and casting process. We also perform
many types of material analysis, such as chemical
analysis, microscopy, and strength tests. In addition,
we provide our customers with advice, support,
and training during customer events.
We also provide training, for example, in
metallurgy, quality, design, and process. These
are adapted to suit you as our customer and they
are based on the participants' existing knowledge.
Some examples of the subjects covered:
Quality influences in the casting process
Metallurgical overview
Aluminium alloys
Design in aluminium
Aluminium and the environment
The courses can be held on the customer's
premises or at Stena Aluminium.
We present here the European standards for die casting. We show the chemical requirements
for composition, casting properties, heat treatment, and mechanical properties. We also provide
a description of the general properties as well as the possible areas of use. These are, of course,
available in our product range, but if you wish we would be happy to help you produce the right
alloy for your particular need.
Alloy designations:
Si
Fe
Cu
Mn
Mg
Cr
Ni
Zn
Pb
Sn
Ti 1)
Numeric
Chemical formula
EN AB-43400
AI Si10Mg(Fe)
9.0-11.0
0.45-0.9
(1.0)
0.08
(0.10)
0.55
0.25-0.50
(0.20-0.50)
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.05
0.15
(0.20)
EN AB-44300
AI Si12(Fe)(a)
10.5-13.5
0.45-0.9
(1.0)
0.08
(0.10)
0.55
0.15
0.15
EN AB-44400
AI Si9
8.0-11.0
0.55
(0.65)
0.08
(0.10)
0.50
0.10
0.05
0.15
0.05
0.05
0.15
EN AB-44500
AI Si12(Fe)(b)
10.5-13.5
0.45-0.90
(1.0)
0.18
(0.20)
0.55
0.40
0.30
0.15
EN AB-46000
AISi9Cu3(Fe)
8.0-11.0
0.6-1.1
(1.3)
2.0-4.0
0.55
0.15-0.55
(0.05-0.55)
0.15
0.55
1.2
0.35
0.15
0.20
(0.25)
EN AB-46100
AI Si11Cu2(Fe)
10.0-12.0
0.45-1.0
(1.1)
1.5-2.5
0.55
0.30
0.15
0.45
1.7
0.25
0.15
0.20
(0.25)
EN AB-46500
AI Si9Cu3(Fe)(Zn)
8.0-11.0
0.6-1.2
(1.3)
2.0-4.0
0.55
0.15-0.55
(0.05-0.55)
0.15
0.55
3.0
0.35
0.15
0.20
(0.25)
EN AB-47100
AI Si12Cu1(Fe)
10.5-13.5
0.6-1.1
(1.3)
0.7-1.2
0.55
0.35
0.10
0.30
0.55
0.20
0.10
0.15
(0.20)
EN = European standard
AB = Aluminium ingots
Comments: The values in brackets are the composition of castings (EN AC), when they differ from ingots.
Alloy designations:
Conditions2)
Breaking
strength
Rm MPa3)
min.
Yield
strength
Rp0.2 MPa3)
min.
Elongation A50
% min.
Brinell
hardness
HBS min.
Numeric
ISO
EN AC-43400
ISO AI Si10Mg(Fe)
DF
240
140
70
EN AC-44300
ISO AI Si12(Fe)(a)
DF
240
130
60
EN AC-44400
ISO AI Si9
DF
220
120
55
EN AC-44500
ISO AI Si12(Fe)(b)
DF
240
140
60
EN AC-46000
ISO AI Si9Cu3(Fe)
DF
240
140
<1
80
EN AC-46100
ISO AI Si11Cu2(Fe)
DF
240
140
<1
80
EN AC-46500
ISO AI Si9Cu3(Fe)(Zn)
DF
240
140
<1
80
EN AC-47100
ISO AI Si12Cu(Fe)
DF
240
140
70
1) Values given are only guideline values. This is the minimum value for separately cast bars with
a thickness of 2.0 mm. Correct values can only be given by testing the whole component.
Other2)
each
total
0.05
Heat treatment
Solidification
range**
C approx.
Casting
temperature**
C approx.
Fluidity*
Resistance to
hot tearing*
Shrinkage**
% approx.
Density**
approx.
value
kg/dm3
0.15
600-550
600-650
0.5-0.8
2.65
0.05
0.25
580-570
600-700
0.5-0.8
2.65
Not age-hardenable
0.05
0.15
600-550
650-700
0.5-0.8
2.65
Not age-hardenable
0.05
0.25
600-550
600-700
0.5-0.8
2.65
0.05
0.25
600-490
600-650
0.5-0.8
2.75
0.05
0.25
580-530
650-700
0.5-0.8
2.75
0.05
0.25
600-490
650-700
0.5-0.8
2.75
0.05
0.25
580-530
600-680
0.5-0.8
2.65
1) Composition with
respect to Ti does not include titanium with compounds intended for grain refinement.
"Other" does not include elements for grain refinement or purification of melt, such as Na, Sr, Sb and P.
* according to EN 1706 ** according to Aluminium Gusslegierung VAR
2)
Possible uses
Strength
Machinability
Weld
ability4)
Corrossion
resistance
Decorative
anodization
Polishability
Linear
expansion
coefficient
20-100 C
B/C
21x10
20x10
21x10
20x10
21x10
20x10
21x10
20x10
2)
3)1MPa
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
4) The weldability of die castings depends on the quantity of internal gas and, in most cases, is
very poor. With special die casting technology, satisfactory to good weldability can be obtained.
Electrical
conductivity
MS/m
Thermal
conductivity
w/m K
16-21
130-150
16-22
130-160
16-22
130-150
16-22
130-160
13-17
110-120
14-18
120-130
13-17
110-120
15-20
120-150
Here we present the European standards for sand and chill casting. We show the chemical
requirements for composition, casting properties, heat treatment, and mechanical properties.
We also provide a description of the general properties as well as the possible areas of use.
These are, of course, available in our product range, but if you wish we would be happy to
help you produce the right alloy for your particular need.
Si
Fe
Cu
Mn
Mg
Numeric
Ni
Zn
Pb
Sn
Ti
1)
Chemical formula
3)
EN AB-42000
Al Si7Mg
6.5-7.5
0.45
(0.55)
0.15
(0.20)
0.35
0.25-0.65
(0.20-0.65)
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.05
0.20
(0.25)
EN AB-43000
Al Si10Mg(a)
9.0-11.0
0.40
(0.55)
0.03
(0.05)
0.45
0.25-0.45
(0.20-0.45)
0.05
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.15
EN AB-43100
Al Si10Mg(b)
9.0-11.0
0.45
(0.55)
0.08
(0.10)
0.45
0.25-0.45
(0.20-0.45)
0.05
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.15
EN AB-43200
Al Si10Mg(Cu)
9.0-11.0
0.55
(0.65)
0.30
(0.35)
0.55
0.25-0.45
(0.20-0.45)
0.15
0.35
0.10
0.15
(0.20)
EN AB-44100
Al Si12(b)
10.5-13.5
0.55
(0.65)
0.10
(0.15)
0.55
0.10
0.10
0.15
0.10
0.15
(0.20)
EN AB-44200
Al Si12(a)
10.5-13.5
0.40
(0.55)
0.03
(0.05)
0.35
0.10
0.15
EN AB-44400
Al Si9
8.0-11.0
0.55
(0.65)
0.08
(0.10)
0.50
0.10
0.05
0.15
0.05
0.05
0.15
EN AB-46200
Al Si 8Cu3
7.5-9.5
0.7
(0.8)
2.0-3.5
0.15-0.65
0.15-0.55
(0.05-0.55)
0.35
1.2
0.25
0.15
0.20
(0.25)
EN AB-46400
Al Si9Cu1 Mg
8.3-9.7
0.7
(0.8)
0.8-1.3
0.15-0.55
0.30-0.65
(0.25-0.65)
0.20
0.8
0.10
0.10
0.18
(0.20)
EN AB-47000
Al Si12(Cu)
10.5-13.5
0.7
(0.8)
0.9
(1.0)
0.050.55
0.35
0.10
0.30
0.55
0.20
0.10
0.15
(0.20)
EN = European standard
AB = Aluminium ingots
Comments: The values in brackets are the composition
of castings (EN AC), when they differ from ingots.
10
Cr
1) Composition with
3)
respect to Ti does not include titanium with compounds intended for grain refinement.
"Other" does not include elements for grain refinement or purification of melt such as Na, Sr, Sb, and P.
3)
Lowest Ti content is not used if grain refinement is not relevant or is satisfied in another way.
2)
Heat treatment 5)
Casting properties
2)
Other
each
2)
Other
total
Solidification
range**
C approx.
Casting
temperature**
C approx.
Fluidity*
Resistance
to hot
tearing*
Shrinkage**
% approx.
Density**
approx.
value
kg/dm3
4)
0.05
0.15
620-570
700-750
S:1-1.2
K:0.8-1
2.65
0.05
0.15
600-550
670-750
S:1-1.2
K:0.8-1
2.65
0.05
0.15
600-550
670-750
S:1-1.2
K:0.8-1
2.65
0.05
0.15
600-550
670-750
S:1-1.2
K:0.8-1
2.65
0.05
0.15
580-570
670-750
S:1-1.2
K:0.8-1
2.65
0.05
0.15
580-570
670-750
S:1-1.1
K:0.8-1
2.65
0.05
0.15
600-500
680-750
K:0.8-1
2.75
Not age-hardenable.
0.05
0.25
600-500
680-750
S:1-1.1
K:0.9-1
2.65
0.05
0.25
600-550
680-750
S:1-1.1
K:0.8-1
2.65
0.05
0.25
580-530
680-750
S:1-1.2
K:0.8-1
2.65
Not age-hardenable.
4) S
= Sand casting
K = Chill casting
5) Shorter time and/or higher temperature for chill castings. Longer time and/or lower
temperature for sand castings. The time is counted from when the temperature is
reached.
Classification:
A=Excellent B=Good C=Fair
D=Not recommended E=Unsuitable
* according to EN 1706
** according to Aluminium Gusslegierung VAR
11
Conditions1)
Breaking
strength
Rm MPa2)
min.
Yield
strength
Rp0.2 MPa2)
min.
Elongation
A50 %
min.
Brinell
hardness
HBS min.
Numeric
ISO
EN AC-42000
ISO Al Si7Mg
SF
ST6
KF
KT6
KT64
140
220
170
260
240
80
180
90
220
200
2
1
2.5
1
2
50
75
55
90
80
Eutectic alloy with good casting properties. Good machinability, good weldability, and high chemical resistance.
EN AC-43000
ISO Al Si10Mg(a)
SF
ST6
KF
KT6
KT64
150
220
180
260
240
80
180
90
220
200
2
1
2.5
1
2
50
75
55
90
80
EN AC-43100
ISO Al Si10Mg(b)
SF
ST6
KF
KT6
KT64
150
220
180
260
240
80
180
90
220
200
2
1
2.5
1
2
50
75
55
90
80
EN AC-43200
ISO Al Si10Mg(Cu)
SF
ST6
KF
KT6
160
220
180
240
80
180
90
200
1
1
1
1
50
75
55
80
EN AC-44100
ISO Al Si12(b)
SF
KF
150
170
70
80
4
5
50
55
EN AC-44200
ISO Al Si12(a)
SF
KF
150
170
70
80
5
6
50
55
EN AC-44440
ISO A1 Si9
SF
KF
170
180
80
90
4
5
50
55
EN AC-46200
ISO Al Si8Cu3
SF
KF
150
170
90
100
1
1
60
75
EN AC-46400
ISO Al Si9Cu1 Mg
SF
KF
KT6
135
170
275
90
100
235
1
1
1.5
60
75
105
EN AC-47000
ISO Al Si12(Cu)
SF
KF
150
170
80
90
1
2
50
55
1)
EN = European standard
AC = Component cast in aluminium
S = Sand casting
K = Chill casting
F = Cast conditions
2) 1MPa = 1N/mm2
Alloy keys.
Alloys for die casting
Europe
EN 1706
Sweden
SS
Germany
VAR
43400
239 D
44300
230 D
44400
4255
44500
4263
46000
4250
US
AA
Japan
JIGS
A413.0
ADC2
UK
BS
France
NF
LM20
A-S12
Italy
UNI
ADC3
AS-9
226 D
46100
46500
4252
226/3
47100
4260
231D
ADC10
LM24
ADC12Z
LM2
A-S9U3
5075
ADC10Z
LM24
A-S9U3X
4525
LM20
A-S12U
5079
With reservations for any errors, there are no exact comparisons between the alloys. Instead comparable types of alloys are indicated.
12
Possible uses
Strength
Machinability
Weld
ability*
Corrosion
resistance
Decorative
anodization
Polishability
Linear
expansion
coefficient
20-200 C
B/C
B/C
22x10
B/C
21x10
B/C
21x10
B/C
21x10
B/C
20x10
20x10
21x10
21x10
21x10
20x10
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
Electrical
conductivity
MS/m
Thermal
conductivity
0
W/m K
19-25
150-170
18-25
140-170
18-25
140-170
16-24
130-170
16-23
130-160
17-24
140-170
16-22
130-150
14-18
110-130
16-22
130-150
16-22
130-150
Classification:
A=Excellent B=Good C=Fair
D=Not recommended E=Unsuitable
* according to EN 1706
** according to Aluminium Gusslegierung VAR
Sweden
SS
Germany
VAR
US
AA
42000
4244
43000
4253
239
AC4A, Al-Si 10 Mg
43100
4253
239
AC4A, Al-Si 10 Mg
356.0
43200
4253
233
44100
4261
230
44200
4261
230
44400
4255
46200
4251
226
4260
231
Japan
JIGS
UK
BS
France
NF
Italy
UNI
AC4C
LM25
A-S7G
3599
A-S10G
3051
4514
AC4A
B413.0
AC3A, Al-Si 12
LM6
A-S13
B380.1
AC4B
LM27
A-S7U3G
AS-9
46400
47000
3601
7369
Al-Si 12 Cu
A-S12U
3048
With reservations for any errors, there are no exact comparisons between the alloys. Instead comparable types of alloys are indicated.
13
Stenal460.
Chemical composition
Element
Min %
Max %
Si
8.70
9.40
Fe
0.5
0.60
Cu
2.70
3.30
Mn
0.30
0.47
Mg
0.35
0.45
Cr
Ni
0.30
Zn
1.20
Pb
0.20
Sn
0.10
Ti
0.05
0.10
Sr
0.030
0.05
Ca
0.003
0.002
Sb
0.005
14
Mechanical properties
Breaking
strength
R [MPa] min
Elongation
A [%]
Brinell hardness
HB[5/250] room
temperature
Ac 220 (22)
361 (25)
2.8 (0.6)
118
Wc 226
352 (6)
2.6 (0.3)
123
Yield strength
R [MPa] min.
p0.2
25m
Stated values refer to air (ac) and water cooled (wc) separately cast test bars
Standard deviation (1S) is given within brackets
T he real values depend on the casting process and cast geometry. A critical parameter is the
casting thickness, where a thicker casting generally has a lower strength. Correct values can only
be stated after sampling the whole component.
Product description.
A description and pictures of our products follow below. All of our alloys can be
delivered in the form of ingots, liquid aluminium, or drops. The ingots are stacked
in batches, where two batches are banded together for more efficient handling.
Drops are delivered loose on a loading platform or in big bags. All dimensions and
weights are indicative; deviations may occur.
Drops
Weight
g
Height
mm
Diameter
bottom,
mm
Diameter
top, mm
70-120
35
40
30
Weight
kg
Height
mm
Length
mm
Width
mm
6.5
60
600
90
Ingot
Height
mm
Length
mm
Width
mm
1000
750
1200
600
liquid
Liquid aluminium is delivered in specially
built thermoses and each thermos holds
up to 8 metric tonnes. A full loaded vehicle
takes three thermoses per delivery.
15
Stena Aluminium AB
Gotthards Gata 5
Box 44
SE-343 21 lmhult, Sweden
Tel +46 10 445 95 00
Fax +46 476 124 04
[email protected]
www.stenaaluminium.com
When alloys are used, there are many circumstances that are not under the control of Stena Aluminium. For this reason, we cannot
accept liability for faults that are due to incorrect handling and use beyond the recommendations described in the brochure.