CSFB Vs Ecsfb

Interworking with LTE
Source:
Mike Dolan
Tony Lee
Chair, TSG-X.5 PDS

Alcatel-Lucent
[email protected]
Chair, TSG-C.2.2
VIA Telecom
[email protected]

Outline
At the CORE and RAN Level
LTE eHPRD
How eHRPD connects to the same Enhanced Packet Core (EPC)
Handoff
LTE cdma2000 1x
CSFB, eCSFB
SMS
At the RADIO Level
LTE eHPRD
eHPRD LTE
Circuit Switch Fall Back
Registration
SMS
June 14, 2012
cdma2000 Technology Workshop
Slide 2
Why Interwork between

LTE and 1x/eHRPD?
Simply:
CDMA operators need a smooth transition path
to take their subscribers to LTE technology.
Keep subscribers happy

Offer subscribers new features
Manage competition from other operators
Optimize the use of their spectrum
Take greatest advantage of their installed infrastructure while
upgrading to LTE
June 14, 2012
Slide 3
LTE eHPRD
How eHRPD connects to the same Enhanced Packet Core (EPC)
Internet
HSS/AAA
PDN
Gateway
PCRF
MME
Serving
Gateway
3GPP2
AAA
Home
Agent
HSGW
PDS
N
Signaling
Data
eAN/
ePCF
eNodeB
AN/
PCF
UE
June 14, 2012
Slide 4
Non-Optimized Handoff from

LTE to eHRPD
Internet
HSS/AAA
PDN
Gateway
PCRF
MME
Serving
Gateway
HSGW
Signaling
Data
eAN/
ePCF
eNodeB
UE
June 14, 2012
Slide 5
Optimized Handoff
from LTE to eHRPD
Step 1: Establish context on eHRPD via tunneled signaling
Internet
HSS/AAA
PDN
Gateway
PCRF
MME
Serving
Gateway
HSGW
Signaling
S101
Data
eAN/
ePCF
eNodeB
U
E
June 14, 2012
Slide 6
Optimized Handoff
from LTE to eHRPD
Step 2: UE moves to eHRPD, bearers are moved
Internet
HSS/AAA
PDN
Gateway
PCRF
MME
Serving
Gateway
HSGW
Signaling
Data
eNodeB
S101
eAN/
ePCF
UE
June 14, 2012
Slide 7
Comparison of Optimized
vs. Non-Optimized
Optimized handoff takes less than 300 msec.
Non-optimized handoff can take as much as 5-7
seconds.
Optimized handoff requires in addition to what
non-optimized needs:
S101 tunneling
Upgrades on the UE, MME, eAN/ePCF, HSGW
June 14, 2012
Slide 8
Circuit Switched Fall Back (CSFB)

Core Network and RAN
Uses tunneled signaling to the UE across

the S102 interface between the IWS and
MME. This supports:
CSFB, enhanced CSFB (eCSFB)
SMS
June 14, 2012
Slide 9
CSFB
MSC
IWS
MME
S102
eNodeB
1x BS
UE
Signaling
Page sent to IWS.

IWS sends page to UE
via MME and eNodeB
using S102.
UE moves to 1x.
UE sends a normal
page response on the
1x access channel.
Call proceeds.
Data
June 14, 2012
Slide 10
eCSFB
MSC
IWS
MME
S102
eNodeB
1x BS
UE
Signaling
Data
June 14, 2012
Page sent to IWS.

IWS sends page to UE via
MME and eNodeB using
S102.
UE sends a page
response via the eNodeB
and MME using S102.
IWS sends a handoff
command (UHDM) to the
UE via S102, and sets up
the traffic channel on 1x in
preparation for the UE.
UE does a handoff to the
1x traffic channel.
1x call proceeds.
Slide 11
Comparison of CSFB to
eCSFB
CSFB requires extra time on 1x due to hashing
and other procedures.
For eCSFB, the traffic channel is prepared and
waiting for the UE to arrive.
Some issues at the radio level will be discussed

later, when the radio level is covered.
June 14, 2012
Slide 12
SMS
Both mobile-originated and
mobile-terminated are supported.
MSC
IWS
MME
S102
MT-SMS
SMS are sent via S102
to the UE
UE does not leave LTE.
eNodeB
1x BS
MO-SMS
UE
Signaling
SMS are sent via S102

from the UE
UE does not leave LTE.
Data
June 14, 2012
Slide 13
Radio Level
June 14, 2012
Slide 14
LTE-eHRPD Protocol
Structure
HRPDSignaling
Network
Protocol
HRPDSignaling
Link Protocol
Radio
Link
Protocol
Radio
Link
Protocol
HRPD-Stream
Protocol
HRPD-Stream
Protocol
Connection
Layer
Protocols
Connection Layer
Protocols
HRPDSecurity
HRPDSecurity
LTE-Uu
HRPD-MAC
HRPD-PHY
LTE-RRC
LTE-RRC
LTE-MAC
LTE-MAC
LTE-PHY
LTE-PHY
LTE-HRPD multi-mode AT
June 14, 2012
HRPDSignaling
Network
Protocol
HRPDSignaling
Link Protocol
LTE-eNB
LTES1
S1-AP
LTES1
LTES101
S101
LTES101
HRPD-MAC
HRPD-PHY
LTE-MME
HRPD RNC
Slide 15
Air Interface Protocol

Enhancements
New protocols to support LTE to eHRPD handover
Default Signaling Adaptation Protocol
Inter-RAT Initialization, Idle State, Route Update,
Overhead Message, and Signaling Adaptation Protocols
Support for C.S0024-B
Some existing protocols were also affected.

Documented in C.S0087
June 14, 2012
Slide 16
Changes to the
Application Layer
Added alternate packet application subtype for:
MFPA -> Alternate MFPA
EMFPA -> Alternate EMFPA
MLMFPA -> Alternate MLMFPA
The alternate packet application subtype is to

identify the support of eHRPD
June 14, 2012
Slide 17
eHRPD to LTE
Two methods available:
OtherRATNeighborList Message
Broadcasted message
Contains E-UTRAN information for AT to search for EUTRAN system
Threshold
InterRATRedirect
Contains E-UTRAN redirection information
June 14, 2012
Slide 18
eHRPD E-UTRAN
inter-RAT redirection
eHRPD
AN
eAT
E-UTRA
1. AT active on eHRPD
2. The eAN decides
to determine EUTRA Availability
3. OtherRATMeasurementRequest
4. OtherRATMeasurementReport
5. The eAN decides
to redirect the eAT
6. InterRATRedirect
7. The eAT retunes

to E-UTRA
8. UE performs Handoff/Attach to E-UTRA
9. Search more E-UTRA channel or go back to eHRPD
based on MMSS rules (conditional)
June 14, 2012
Slide 19
LTE to 1x tunneling
1x
Layer 3
PDU
TLAC
Header
GCSNA
Header
1x
Layer 3
PDU
S102 Tunnel
GCSNA
Control
Lower Layer
(Other Access
Technology)
MS
June 14, 2012
GCSNA
Control
Lower Layer (Other

Access Technology)
Lower Layer
Other Access Technology

Entity(ies)
TLAC
Header
GCSNA
Header
Lower
LowerLayer
Layer
IWS
Slide 20
1x to LTE
OtherRATNeighborList Message
Broadcasted message
Contains E-UTRAN information for AT to search for EUTRAN system
Threshold
June 14, 2012
Slide 21
Thank You!
For more information, please visit http://www.3gpp2.org.
INFORMATION
About 3GPP2
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm
Partners
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/PartnersHome.cfm
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http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/Memberindex.cfm
Committees
Specifications
Procedures
News/Events
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/CommitteesHome.cfm
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/specs/index.cfm
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/ProceduresHome.cfm
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/News/index.cfm
Contact us
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/contactinfo.cfm
How to join
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/HowJoinHome.cfm
Related Links
June 14, 2012
LINKS
http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/RelatedHome.cfm
Slide 22
cdma2000 is the trademark for the technical nomenclature

for certain specifications and standards of the Organizational
Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date
of publication), cdma2000 is a registered trademark of the
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA) in the
United States.
June 14, 2012
Slide 23
Additional Information
Signaling Adaptation
Protocol Context
June 14, 2012
Slide 25
SAP functionalities
Records the current air interface (HRPD or non-HRPD)

Provides a virtual connection service between the access
terminal and the access network over the S101 tunnel
Provides encapsulation of HRPD packets over S101
Triggers idle and active handoffs from LTE to eHRPD
It has a control plane as well as a user plane functionality
June 14, 2012
Slide 26
Changes to MAC and PHY

Layer
Initial output power calculation
X0 = - Mean RX Power (dBm) + OpenLoopAdjust + PilotInitialAdjust
where:
PilotInitialAdjust = InitialAdjust + min(PilotStrengthCorrectionMax,
max(PilotStrengthNominal PilotStrength, PilotStrengthCorrectionMin)),
This is necessary due to lack of access probe power correction.
June 14, 2012
Slide 27

Radio Level
LTE eHPRD non-optimized handoff
S-101 interface is not used.
Idle handoff from LTE to eHRPD
LTE SIB8 provides information on nearby
eHRPD cells
June 14, 2012
Slide 28

Radio Level
LTE eHPRD non-optimized handoff
S-101 interface is not used.
June 14, 2012
Slide 29
LTE 1x Tunneling
on S102
Supports:
Circuit Switch Fall Back (CSFB)
Enhanced CSFB (eCSFB)
SMS, mobile-originated and mobileterminated
June 14, 2012
Slide 30

CSFB Vs Ecsfb

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Interworking with LTE

Chair, TSG-X.5 PDS

Interworking with LTE

At the RADIO Level

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Why Interwork between

Keep subscribers happy

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Non-Optimized Handoff from

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Circuit Switched Fall Back (CSFB)

Uses tunneled signaling to the UE across

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Page sent to IWS.

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Page sent to IWS.

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Some issues at the radio level will be discussed

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

SMS are sent via S102

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Air Interface Protocol

Some existing protocols were also affected.

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

The alternate packet application subtype is to

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

7. The eAT retunes

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

June 14, 2012

Lower Layer (Other

Other Access Technology

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

cdma2000 is the trademark for the technical nomenclature

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

June 14, 2012

cdma2000 Technology Workshop

Records the current air interface (HRPD or non-HRPD)

June 14, 2012