Antiparkinsonian Drugs
Antiparkinsonian Drugs
Antiparkinsonian Drugs
Tremors
Bradykinesia
o
o
Rigidity
Postural instability
1.2 PEOPLE
AT
RISK
FOR
EPSES
Women
Patients with first episode of
schizophrenia
Older adults
Patients with affective
symptoms
OF ANTICHOLINERGICS
CNS: confusion, agitation, dizziness, drowsiness, cognitive impoverishment
Cognitive decline is a major symptom of schizophrenia so giving
anticholinergics to them worsens mental abilities
PNS: dry mouth, blurred vision, nausea, nervousness
AND INTERVENTIONS
Dry mouth: sugarless hard candy and sugarless gum; frequent rinses; take
meds before meals
Nasal congestion: OTC nasal decongestants
Urinary hesitation: running water, warm water over perineum
Urinary retention: catheterize; encourage frequent voiding
Blurred vision: sunglasses, caution with driving, pilocarpine eye drops
Constipation: laxative, high fiber diet, increased fluid intake
Mydriasis: if eye pain develops, may be narrow-angle glaucoma; immediate
attention needed
Decreased sweating: take temp, reduce body temp if there is a fever
(sponge baths)
Fever: limit strenuous activity; wear appropriate clothing
ON CRANIAL NERVES
III: dilates pupils; blurred vision; impaired accommodation
VII: dry mouth, decreased tearing, dry nasal passage
IX: dry mouth, dry nasal passage
X: tachycardia, constipation, urinary hesitancy and retention
2.5 ANTICHOLINERGICS
REACTION
IN
2.6 INTERACTIONS
WITH ANTICHOLINERGICS
Intensifies sedative effects when combined with CNS depressants
Decreased absorption with antacids and antidiarrheals
ABOUT ANTICHOLINERGICS
Avoid discontinuing abruptly; taper over a 1 week period
Avoid driving until tolerance develops
Avoid OTC meds with anticholinergic or antihistamine properties; avoid
alcohol and antacids
4 PREVENTION