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    Basic Terminology

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    oscarchalfont
    This document provides a guide to basic karate and Japanese terms for those seriously studying the martial art. It includes numbers, titles, stances, techniques, kata, sparring terms, ranks, equipment, tournament terms and more to familiarize students with key vocabulary. Sample terms summarized include ichi for 1, sensei for instructor, pinan kata forms, mae geri for front kick, kyus for student ranks, and shiai for matches.

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    Basic Terminology

    Uploaded by

    oscarchalfont
    3K views3 pages
    This document provides a guide to basic karate and Japanese terms for those seriously studying the martial art. It includes numbers, titles, stances, techniques, kata, sparring terms, ranks, equipment, tournament terms and more to familiarize students with key vocabulary. Sample terms summarized include ichi for 1, sensei for instructor, pinan kata forms, mae geri for front kick, kyus for student ranks, and shiai for matches.

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    Basic Karate Terms in PDF

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    This document provides a guide to basic karate and Japanese terms for those seriously studying the martial art. It includes numbers, titles, stances, techniques, kata, sparring terms, ranks, equipment, tournament terms and more to familiarize students with key vocabulary. Sample terms summarized include ichi for 1, sensei for instructor, pinan kata forms, mae geri for front kick, kyus for student ranks, and shiai for matches.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3K views3 pages

    Basic Terminology

    Uploaded by

    oscarchalfont
    This document provides a guide to basic karate and Japanese terms for those seriously studying the martial art. It includes numbers, titles, stances, techniques, kata, sparring terms, ranks, equipment, tournament terms and more to familiarize students with key vocabulary. Sample terms summarized include ichi for 1, sensei for instructor, pinan kata forms, mae geri for front kick, kyus for student ranks, and shiai for matches.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Basic Karate & Japanese Terms - a guide for serious study

    Japanese #'s 1 to 10
    Ichi - 1
    Ni - 2
    San - 3
    Shi - 4 (can also be "Yon")
    Go - 5
    Roku - 6
    Shichi - 7 (can also be "Nana")
    Hachi - 8
    Ku - 9
    Ju - 10
    Titles & honorifics
    Sensei - club instructor
    Karate-ka - karate student
    Sempai - senior student
    Kohai - junior student
    Shidohin - instructor (1,2,or 3 kyu)
    Honorary titles
    Renshi - senior instructor
    Kyoshi - advanced instructor
    Hanshi - master instructor
    Shihan - master (not used in Wado)
    Nafudakake - (dojo) name board
    Suffixes
    -san - Mr, Mrs, Ms
    -sama - superior honorific
    -chan - for children, young
    woman & friends
    -kun - for young men

    Sample higher numbers


    Ju-ichi - 11
    Ni-ju - 20
    Ni ju-ichi - 21
    Hyaku - 100
    Hyaku ni jui-ichi - 121
    Ni-hyaku - 200
    Sen - 1000
    Sen ni-hyaku san ju-ni -1232
    Man - 10,000
    Ichi Man - 100,000
    Hyaku Man - 1,000,000

    Karate Category Terms


    Wa - peace, harmony
    Do - the Way
    Kai - Association (Wado-Kai)
    Ryu - Style (Wado-Ryu)
    Kara-te - empty hand
    Kihon - basics
    Kata - forms
    Kumite - sparring
    Kihon Kumite - basic sparring
    Yakusoku Kumite - pre-arranged sparring
    Jyu Kumite - free sparring
    Dojo - training hall
    Start/End Commands
    Hombu - head office
    Kiotsuke- attention
    Natsu gasshuku - summer camp
    Rei - bow
    Bunkai - literal application
    Naotte - relax
    Kaisetsu - explanation
    Seiza - sitting on knees
    Oyo - varied applications
    Mokuso - empty thinking
    Shitei Kata - compulsory Kata
    Mokuso yame - stop mokuso Tokui Kata - 'best' Kata
    Shomen ni rei - bow to front
    Koryu Kata - style Kata
    Sensei ni rei - bow to Sensei kenzen ichi - the fist and mind are one
    Otaga ni rei-bow to everyone kenzen - Complete (zen) Health (ken)
    "Onegaishimasu" - please do me the honor
    "Arigato gozaimashita" - thank you
    Kata - formal exercise
    Pinan Nidan - Pinan #2
    Pinan Shodan - Pinan #1
    Pinan Sandan - Pinan #3
    Pinan Yondan - Pinan #4
    Pinan Godan - Pinan #5
    Naihanchi
    Seishan
    Chinto
    Kushanku
    Bassai
    Niseishi
    Wanshu
    Rohai
    Jitte
    Jion

    Keri - kicking
    Mae geri - front kick
    Yoko geri - front kick to side
    Sokuto geri - side kick
    Ushiro geri - back kick
    Mawashi geri - roundhouse kick
    Ushiro mawashi-reverse roundh.
    Mikazuki geri-crescent kick
    Soto mikazuki-crescent in to out
    Fumi komi - stamping kick
    Fumi kiri - cutting kick
    Hiza geri - knee strike
    Mae tobi geri - flying front kick
    Tobi sokuto geri - flying side kick
    Tobi ushiro mawashi geri - jumping spinning roundhouse
    Keage - snap
    Kekomi - thrust
    Jodan - head level
    Chudan - chest level
    Ido Kihon - moving Basics
    Gedan - below the belt
    Jun zuki - lunge punch
    Kette jun zuki - front kick lunge punch
    Gyaku zuki - reverse punch
    Kette gyaku zuki - front kick lunge punch
    Jun zuki tsukkomi - leaning thrust punch
    Kette jun zuku tsukkomi - front kick leaning punch
    Gyaku zuki tsukkomi - revese leaning punch
    Kette gyakuzuki tsukkomi - front kick reverse leaning punch
    Tobi komi zuki - leaping leaning punch
    Tobi komi nagashi zuki - side leaping leaning punch
    Dachi - stances
    Heisoku - feet together
    Musubi - toes apart
    Heiko - parallel
    Haichi ji / Shizen tai - natural stnc
    Jigotai - wide natural position
    Naihanchi - naihanchi

    Ranking System
    Kyu - rank
    (no dan grade - Mudansha)
    Beginner - no rank (white belt)
    Happkyu - 8th (white w/black stripe belt)
    Nanakyu - 7th (yellow belt)
    Rokkyu - 6th (orange belt)
    Gokkyu - 5th (red belt)
    Yonkyu - 4th (green belt)
    Sankyu - 3rd (blue belt)
    Nikkyu - 2nd (purple belt)
    Ikkyu - 1st (brown belt)
    Dan - degree (black belt)
    (degree title holder - Yudansha)
    Shodan - 1st degree
    Nidan - 2nd degree
    Sandan - 3rd degree
    Yondan - 4th degree
    Godan - 5th degree
    Rokudan - 6th degree
    Shichidan - 7th degree
    Hachidan - 8th degree
    Kudan - 9th degree
    Judan - 10th degree
    Zuki - Punch
    Seiken - normal punch
    Kizami zuki - jabbing punch
    Mae ken zuki - lead punch
    Morote zuki - double punch
    Tate zuki - vertical punch
    Sonoba zuki - in place punching
    Nakadaka ippon ken zuki - 1 knuckle pnch
    Age zuki - rising punch
    Choku zuki - straight punch
    Ura zuki - inverted punch
    Hikite - pulling hand
    Blocking - Uke
    Age (jodan) uke - rising block
    Gedan barai uke - downward block
    Jodan uchi uke/harai uke - high out to in
    Chudan uchi uke - middle out to in
    Jodan soto uke - high in to out
    Chudan soto uke - middle in to out

    Shiko - square
    Hanshiko/koshiko - 1/2 sqre stance
    Kiba - horse stance (not used in Wado)
    Yoko Seishan - side seishan
    Tate Seishan - line seishan
    Mahanmi no neko - long cat stnc
    Hanmi no neko - side cat stnc
    Mami no neko - front cat stance
    Kokutsu - back stance
    Gyaku neko ashi - reverse cat stance
    Soe - supported reverse cat stance
    Ren no ji - L stance
    Hidari/Migi ren no ji - left/right L stnc. (or hidari/migi shizen tai)
    Moto daichi - basic (original) stance
    Hanmi heiko - side parallel stance
    Sagiashi - one-leg stance (crane stance)
    Tsumasaki daichi - toe stance
    Idori - seated techniques
    Tedori
    Zudori
    Ashidori
    Hikidori
    Shumokudori
    Gozendori
    Hiji-te Kansetsu Gyakutorinage

    Unsoku - leg movement


    Ayumi ashi - back leg to front
    Yori ashi - lead leg first
    Tsugi ashi - back leg first
    Kaiten ashi - turning
    Suri ashi - both legs slide
    Nijiri ashi - foot shuffle
    Chidori ashi - diagonal step

    General Karate Concepts


    Kihon Kumite
    Kamae - guard ready position
    (Yakusoku Kumite)
    Kime - focus
    Ippon Me - 1
    Mu - nothingness
    Nihon Me - 2
    Mushin - mindlessness
    Sanbon Me - 3
    Zenshin aware before attack
    Yohan Me - 4
    Bushin concentrate in attack
    Gohon Me - 5
    Zanshin - remaining spirit
    Roppon Me - 6
    Budo - martial way
    Nanahon Me - 7
    Bujitsu - martial techniques
    Happon Me - 8
    Bushido - way of the warrior
    Kyuhon Me - 9
    Bugeisha - martial artist
    Jyuhon Me - 10
    Shingitai - mind, spirit, technique
    Makoto - sincerity
    Fudoshi - immovable mind, strong spirit
    San Mi ittai - stable mind, body, technique
    Shuhari - maintain, adhere, improve
    Ikken-hissatsu - one deadly strike
    Jo hyaku - zero to a hundred
    Embusen - line of movement
    Hara - lower abdomen
    Chu tanden - centre of chest
    Jo tanden - centre of head
    Seika tandan - centre of pelvis, centre of gravity
    Metsuke - eye focus
    Chikara - power
    Ki - energy
    Ichi byoshi - in one breath
    Shikaku - opponent's vulnerable space

    Shuto uke - knife hand block


    Nagashi uke - sweeping block
    Sujui uke - scooping block
    Osae uke - pressing block
    Otoshi uke - dropping block
    Kentsui/Tetsui uke - iron fist block
    Haishu uke - open back hand box
    Kakete uke - hook block
    Tesho uke - palm block
    Kaishu uke - open hand
    Hirabasami uke - flat scissors
    Hiji uke - elbow block
    Shuto Nagashi uke - knife parry block
    Juji uke - cross block
    Morote uke - double arm block
    Uchi - Strike
    Uraken - back knuckle
    Tettsui - hammer fist
    Haito - ridge hand
    Shuto - knife hand
    Nukite - spear hand
    Haishu - back-hand
    Teisho - palm-heel
    Hiraken - flat fist knuckle strike
    Kentsui/Tetsui - hammer fist
    Hitsosashi ippon ken - 1 point knuckle
    Ippon nukite - 1 finger strike
    Common Wado concepts
    Maai - distancing
    Seichusen - centre line of body
    Sente - initiate attack
    Sen sen no sen - strike before attack
    Sen no sen - strike simultaniously
    Go no sen - strike after attack
    Irimi - entering
    Inashi - evasion by dodge/deflect/trap
    Nagashi parry & evade (no counter)
    Nori - riding opponent's technique
    Sori - pulling opponent's technique
    Hane redirecting opponent's technique
    Hajiki re-directing push
    Kawashi dodge+counter same time
    Taisabaki - body avoiding shift
    Nogare - escaping outside opnt's range
    San Mi Ittai - "3 in 1" principle
    Teni - avoid attack
    Tentai - twist body away from attack
    Tengi - counter while letting attack finish
    Yoshin Ryu Jujitsu - part of Wado
    Mikiri - anticipation
    Other Japanese karate styles
    Shotokan Karate
    Goju-ryu Karate
    Shito-ryu Karate

    produced by Kenzen Karate


    Dojo Instructions
    Hajime - Start
    Yame - Stop
    Yasume - Rest
    Yoi - Get Ready
    Hai - Yes
    Oss - Yes! (not used in Wado)
    Iie - No
    Kiai Shout "Ai"
    Seiretsu - Line Up!
    Mawate - switch
    Hantai - opposite
    Migi - Right
    Hidari - Left
    Shomen - Front
    Ushiro - Back
    Gawa - side
    Sono mama - As is
    Ippon totte - shift to
    Goren nashi - no count (for Kata)

    Body Parts
    Atama - head
    Hananoshita - below nose
    Me - eye
    Kubi - neck
    Kata - shoulder
    Mune - chest
    Karada - torso
    Senaka - back
    Suigetsu - solar plexus
    Onaka - stomach
    Koshi - waist/hip
    Ude - arm
    Hije or Empi - elbow
    Te - hand
    Ashi - leg
    Hiza - knee
    Sune - shin
    Koshi - Ball of foot
    Kakato - Heel
    Sokuto - foot blade edge
    Ashi no yubi - toes
    Josokutei - ball of foot
    Haisoku - instep
    Equipment & weapons
    Gi - karate uniform (dogi)
    Obi - belt
    Tatami - traditional mats
    Makiwara - striking post
    Shinai - bamboo sword
    Bokken/Bokuto-wood sword
    Iaito - training sword
    Shinken - sharp sword
    Tanto - knife
    Bo - 6' or 5' staff
    Tonfa - wooden handle block
    Sai - 3-pronged steel weapon
    Kama - sickle
    Nunchaku - 2-piece with string

    Waza - technique
    Taichi waza - standing tech.
    Te waza - hand techniques
    Keri waza - kicking techniques
    Rensoku waza-continious tech.
    Nage waza - hip throw
    Ashi waza - leg throw
    Ashi barai - leg sweep
    Sutemi waza - dropping throw
    Osae waza - paralyze tech.
    Shime waza - strangulation
    Kansetsu waza - dislocation
    Atemi waza - percussion
    Kaeshi waza - reversing tech.
    Kotegaishi - returning/reversing
    Idori waza - seated techniques
    Tachidori - sword defense tech.
    Tantodori - knife defense tech.
    Tamashiwari - breaking

    Basic Tournament Terms


    Shiai - match
    Taikai - tournament
    Aka - red side
    Aoi - blue side
    Shiro - white side (old rules)
    no Kachi - Winner!
    Aoi no kachi - Blue Wins!
    Aka no kachi - Red Wins!
    Wazari - 1/2 pnt (old rules)
    Ippon - 1 point
    Nihon - 2 points
    Sanbon - 3 points
    Hata - flag
    Shushin - referee in ring
    Fukushin - corner judges
    Kansa - arbitrator
    Shobu hajime - "Match begin!"
    Yame - "Stop!"
    Tsuzukete hakime - "Resume!"
    Mienai - official did not see tech.
    Ai Uchi - "Simultaneous"
    Torimasen - "No point"
    Atoshibaraku - 30 seconds left
    Cat. 1 Penalty-contact penalty
    Cat. 2 Penalty-non contact pen.
    Jogai - out of bounds
    Mubobi - warning
    Chukoku - warning
    Keikoku-penalty&1 point for opp.
    Hansoku Chui - violation, 2pts
    Hansoku - disqualification
    Shikaku - disqualified from tour.
    Kiken - forfeit match
    Jikan - timeout
    Hikiwake - draw
    Enchosen - overtime
    Shitei Kata - compulsory Kata
    Tokui Kata - select from WKF list
    Chakugan - concentration
    Hantei - official's judgement
    Zanshin - remaining spirit

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