Paper 2 - Set B Solution: General Instructions
Paper 2 - Set B Solution: General Instructions
Paper 2 - Set B Solution: General Instructions
Date: 10.05.2008
Duration: 3 HRS
General instructions:
o
o
o
o
o
Marks: 50 x 1 = 50
When pure hydrogen is burn with stochiometric air, percentage nitrogen on volume
basis in flue gas on dry basis will be
a) 79%
b) blowdown loss
d) Hydrogen loss
b) 21%
c) < 21%
d) 100%
b) condensate at vacuum
d) condensate at atmospheric pressure
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
b) Natural draft.
1
d) Induced draft
b) ZrO2
b) AFBC
c) PFBC
b) 150%
d)20%
b) heat wheel
c) heat pump
d) heat pipe
12
c) 25%
11
In flue gas the theoretical CO2 is 15% and the measured CO2 is 12% by volume.
The % excess air is:
a) 50%
10
d) CaSO4
The type of combustion used for coal fired combined cycle power generation
application is
a) CFBC
c) MgSO4
b) N2
c) O2
d) SO2
13
14
15
16
Air compressor alone consumes about _____ of the energy generated in a gas
turbine
a) 5-10%
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
b) 10-20%
c) 20-30%
d) 50-60%
High percentage of carbon monoxide presence in the flue gas of boiler is an indicator
of
a) high excess air
c) good control of pollutants
18
Which of the following fuel requires maximum air for stochiometric combustion?
a) Furnace oil
19
b) complete combustion
d) low excess air
b) Bagasse
c) Hydrogen
20
At the same temperature which of the following fuels will have maximum viscosity ?
a) LDO
21
b) HSD
c) Furnace oil
d) LSHS
In circulating fluidized bed combustion boilers most of the heat transfer takes place
a) inside the combustion zone
c) outside of the combustion zone
22
b) 13 14
c) 90oC
b) Superheat
b) below 5000C
d) 110oC
c) Latent heat
d) Sensible heat
c) 600-7000C
d) 800-9000C
c) 2.5
29
d) 7 9
a) 0.5
28
d) Carbon
The heat required for phase change from water at 00C to ice is called
a) above 10000C
27
c) 1 - 3
b) 60oC
a) Specific Heat
26
c) Sulphur.
The viscosity of furnace oil will be maximum at which of the following temperatures
a) 40oC
25
b) Magnesium
24
b) bed tubes
d) super heater tubes
The lower limit to exit flue gas temperature of furnace oil fired system is dependant
on ------- in fuel.
a) Ash
23
d) Coal
b) Differential temperature
d) differential pressure
In which of the following equipment stored heat is used for preheating combustion air
a) Convective recuperator
c) regenerator
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b) radiation recuperator
d) heat pump
31
b) Thermostatic trap
d) Float trap
The use of ceramic fibre in a batch type furnace results in fuel economy is due to:
a) Chemical resistance
c) Lower maintenance
32
33
b) 190C
b) Ambient temperature
d) Blow down rate
35
37
b) Steam venting
d) condensate recovery
Which is the common coal firing system used in Indian thermal power plants?
a) pulverized coal firing
38
36
d) 120C
Which data is not required to calculate the efficiency of boiler by indirect method
a) Flue gas temperature
c) Calorific value of fuel
34
c) 170C
b) stoker firing
c) AFBC
d) PFBC
39
40
b) 4
c) 0
d) 0.5
The large difference between GCV and NCV of gaseous fuels is due to their
a) large moisture content
c) low hydrogen content
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
b) no moisture content
d) large hydrogen content
42
b) 44
c) 16
In a glass industry waste heat is used for power generation. This type of
cogeneration is called
a) topping cycle
c) gas turbine cycle
43
b) bottoming cycle
d) reheat cycle
44
b) Length of pipe
d) None of the above
45
b) Hydrogen
c) Sulphur.
46
b) above zero
c) Ash content
d) Fixed Carbon
c) zero
When 100 kg of fuel with 60% carbon is burnt with theoretical air, the mass of CO 2
released will be
a) 319 kg
50
b) Volatile matter
49
b) Chemical resistance
d) Porosity
48
47
d) Magnesium
b) 4400 kg
c) 4500kg
d) 220 kg
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
Marks: 8 x 5 = 40
S-1
Ans.
S-2
S-3
2 x 7 xh
0.75
= 18.67 h
Fuel energy required when one boilers is running at full load and other at part
load of 40%
10h
4 xh
=
+
= 18.38
0.8
0.68
h
The first care is preferred
18.67 18.38
% savings =
x 100 = 1.55%
18.67
S-4
List the properties which are measured in proximate analysis and ultimate
analysis of solid fuels
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
kcal/hr
Rate of heat loss from the insulation wall = 80 [ 10 +
50 40
] (50-40) = 8.4 x
20
103 kcal/hr
Annual energy savings = (118.8-8.4) x 103 x 300 x 24 = 7.95 x 108 kcal/hr
7.95 x10 8
Annual fuel savings =
= 2.06 x 105 kg
0.35 x11000
2.06 x10 5 x 22000
Annual Rs savings =
= 4.54 x 106
1000
S-6
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
b)
c)
d)
The heat pump was developed as a space heating system where low
temperature energy from the ambient air, water or earth is raised to heating
system temperatures by doing compression work with an electric motor driven
compressor
(OR)
(2) Thermocompressor :
In many cases, very low pressure steam are reused as water after
condensation for lack of any better option of reuse. In many cases it
becomes feasible to compress this low pressure steam by very high
pressure steam and reuse it as a medium pressure steam. The major
energy in steam, is in its latent heat value and thus thermocompressing
would give a large improvement in waste heat recovery.
The thermocompressor is a simple equipment with a nozzle where HP
steam is accelerated into a high velocity fluid. This entrains the LP
steam by momentum transfer and then recompresses in a divergent
venturi. A figure of thermocompressor is shown in Figure.
It is typically used in evaporators where the boiling steam is
recompressed and used as heating steam.
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
Thermocompressor
S-7
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
L-1
Marks: 6 x 10 = 60
The thermodynamic trap operates by means of the dynamic effect of flash steam
as it passes through the trap. The only moving part is the disc above the flat face
inside the control chamber or cap.
On start-up, incoming pressure raises the disc, and cool condensate plus air is
immediately discharged from the inner ring, under the disc, and out through three
peripheral outlets.
Hot condensate flowing through the inlet passage into the chamber under the disc
drops in pressure and releases flash steam moving at high velocity. This high
velocity creates a low pressure area under the disc, drawing it towards its seat.
At the same time, the flash steam pressure builds up inside the chamber above the
disc, forcing it down against the incoming condensate until it seats on the inner
and outer rings. At this point, the flash steam is trapped in the upper chamber, and
the pressure above the disc equals the pressure being applied to the underside of
the disc from the inner ring. However, the top of the disc is subject to a greater
force than the underside, as it has a greater surface area.
Eventually the trapped pressure in the upper chamber falls as the flash steam
condenses. The disc is raised by the now higher condensate pressure and the cycle
repeats
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
10
L-2
a)
Dryness fraction of steam
Dryness fraction is defined as mass of dry steam in one kg of mixture of dry
steam and water vapour.
(or)
The total heat of dry saturated steam or enthalpy of saturated steam is given by
sum of the two enthalpies hf +hfg. When the steam contains moisture the total
heat of steam will be hg = hf + hfg where is the dryness fraction. Here is
fraction.
b)
Net calorific value
The calorific value is the measurement of heat or energy produced. Net calorific
value (NCV) assumes the water leaves with the combustion products without
fully being condensed.
c)
Emissivity coatings
high emissivity coatings allows the surface emissivity of materials to be
increased, with resultant benefits in heat transfer efficiency and in the service life
of heat transfer components. High emissivity coatings are applied in the interior
surface of furnaces. High emissivity coating shows a constant value of emisivity
over varying process temperatures.
The application of high-emissivity coatings in furnace chambers promotes rapid
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
11
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
12
L-4
: (0.5/3.652)*12=1.64 months
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
13
L-5
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
:
: 185 kCal/kg
: 133 kCal/kg
14
: 650 kCal/kg
b)
% Flash Steam available
: (185-133)/650
:8 %
: 2000 x 8 %
: 160 kg/hr
L-6
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency
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