Bortkiewicz
Bortkiewicz
Bortkiewicz
Bortkiewicz
Piano Music
STEPHEN COOMBS
dyad
around the same time as the first Piano Concerto, Op 16, and
there are many similarities in the piano-writing between the
two works.
The Ten Preludes, Op 33, were written in 1926, the year
Bortkiewicz became an Austrian citizen and when he must
have enjoyed the greatest security in his life. Several of them
are clearly modelled on Chopins piano music, although
numbers 6, 7 and 8 are unmistakably in Bortkiewiczs own
musical language.
Bortkiewicz wrote several sets of pieces whose appeal is
clearly aimed at children. His Aus Andersens Mrchen (From
Andersens Fairy Tales), Op 30, are subtitled A musical picture
book. The twelve pieces all reflect in music the narrative of
one of Andersens fairy tales. To remind those who have
forgotten (or have never read) them, the stories are here
summarized:
THE PRINCESS AND THE PEA A prince, desperate to marry a real
princess, travels around the world seeking her without
success. One night a princess arrives at his castle and, in
order to test whether she is indeed a real princess, the old
queen places a pea underneath twenty mattresses and twenty
eiderdowns. In the morning the princess complains that she
could not sleep at all because of something hard in the bed.
The prince, realizing that she must indeed be a real princess,
marries her.
THE BELL In the streets of a city a bell could occasionally be
heard at dusk. Everyone wondered at the deep booming sound
and finally the rich people of the city decided to find the bell.
They went out into the woods thinking that there might be a
church there but nobody could find it. One Sunday in May, all
the children who had just been confirmed at the church went
for a walk in the forest. The sound of the bell was particularly
strong that day and all the children wanted to find it. Gradually
more and more of the children gave up the search, telling
themselves that it was imaginary. The last five children finally
reached a small silver bell hanging by a cottage. Four of the
children were convinced that they had found the bell but the
with God. On the day of the funeral the mother gave herself up
to despair and, that night, she secretly left her husband and
hurried to her sons grave. As she cried over his resting place,
Death appeared and asked her if she wished to join her son.
She nodded and found herself in a great hall. She ran to her
son who pleaded with her to let him fly to God with the other
dead children. He explained that it was her tears that held him
back. Suddenly, the mother heard the voices of her husband
and daughters calling for her and she realized that she had
forgotten all about them. Praying for forgiveness, she found
herself back at the grave and returned home. Her husband,
amazed at the transformation, asked her where she had
suddenly got the strength to comfort others. She replied, From
God, and from my dead child in the grave.
THE BUTTERFLY The butterfly decided he must marry and
obviously, being a butterfly, it had to be to a flower. He flew
around the garden but none of the flowers seemed quite right.
Spring passed and summer passed and finally, in the autumn,
he decided to propose to the little mint plant. The mint replied
that it would be foolish to marry, as they were now both so old.
So the butterfly remained a bachelor and one day, late in
autumn, he took refuge in the warmth of a house where he was
seen, admired and stuck on a pin. He consoled himself by
thinking, Now I sit on a stalk just like the flowers, probably just
like being married: you are stuck.
THE UGLY DUCKLING It was summer and the ducklings had
hatched, but one of the ducklings was bigger than the others
and very ugly. The other ducklings made fun of him, as did the
hens and the turkey cock. Months passed and the ugly duckling
found himself all alone. As the snow arrived he felt a need to
fly towards the magnificent swans. He was surprised when
they swam towards him and, catching his reflection in the lake,
he finally realized that he was not ugly any more but a beautiful
swan.
GOLDEN TREASURE Peter is a boy with red hair. His mother
calls him her golden treasure but everyone else calls him
carrot-top. He is a talented musician and quickly learns to
but tell her that their lives are short and that tomorrow they will
be dead. When Ida wakes up the next morning she finds them
dead as they had said and she buries them in the garden, so
that they will come to life the next year.
THE NIGHTINGALE The Emperor of China kept a nightingale in
his palace and everyone agreed that its song was the greatest
treasure the emperor possessed. The emperor was so pleased
with the nightingales song that he had a special cage made for
it and treated it with great honour. One day the Emperor of
Japan sent a mechanical nightingale to the Emperor of China.
The mechanical bird was wound up and played again and
again, never becoming tired. The original nightingale flew away
and the emperor banished it for being ungrateful. One day the
mechanical bird broke down because it had been used so
much. The emperor grew ill and, as he lay in his bed, he wished
that he could hear the nightingales song again. Suddenly, the
real nightingale appeared and sang for the sick emperor. The
nightingale agreed to sing again for him on condition that the
emperor kept it a secret and the emperor made a full recovery.
IT IS QUITE CERTAIN One day, in the henhouse, a hen was
picking at her feathers when one fell out. For fun she said,
There it goes, the more I peck at myself, the more beautiful I
will become. Her neighbour heard her and could not resist
telling the next hen that there was a hen determined to pluck
off her feathers to look more attractive. The owl above the
henhouse heard this and told the pigeons that there was a hen
that had plucked out all her feathers for the roosters sake. By
the time the crow had heard, the story had become that of
three hens who had plucked off all their feathers because of
unrequited love. By the time the story came back to the original
hen (who, of course, did not realize that the story had
originated from her), there were now five hens who had
plucked off all their feathers because of an unhappy love for
the rooster and then had pecked each other to death. And that
was how it was printed in the newspaper.
THE CHILD IN THE GRAVE A young child has died. He was only
four years old and his mother became distraught and angry
5
the left hand. With the final Capriccio alla Polacca we are back
to more familiar territoryimpressive virtuoso writing with a
middle section that has the unmistakable voice of Bortkiewicz.
Written in 1909 while living in Berlin, the Sonata in B
major, Op 9, is Bortkiewiczs first large-scale work. Although
never a very successful concert pianist, Bortkiewicz was at
this time giving concerts throughout Europe including tours in
Germany, Italy and Russia and appearances in the cities of
Vienna, Budapest and Paris. It would seem likely that this
sonata was written with these concerts in mind.
The work has a conventional structure with the first movement providing a suitably dramatic opening full of passion,
Some other recordings of Russian repertoire by Stephen Coombs available on Hyperion and Helios:
ANTON ARENSKY (18611906) & SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ (18771952) Piano Concertos Hyperion CDA66624
ANTON ARENSKY (18611906) Suites for Two Pianos Hyperion CDA66755
GEORGY CATOIRE (18611926) Chamber Music Hyperion CDA67512
ALEXANDER GLAZUNOV (18651936) & ALEXANDER GOEDICKE (18771957) Piano Concertos Hyperion CDA66877
ALEXANDER GLAZUNOV (18651936) The Complete Solo Piano Music 4 CDs Helios CDH55221, CDH55222, CDH55223, CDH55224
ANATOL LIADOV (18551914) Solo Piano Music Helios CDH55309
ALEXANDER SCRIABIN (18721915) The Early Scriabin Helios CDH55286
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write to Hyperion Records Ltd, PO Box 25, London SE9 1AX, England, or email us at [email protected], and we will be pleased to post you
one free of charge.
The Hyperion catalogue can also be accessed on the Internet at www.hyperion-records.co.uk
7
BORTKIEWICZ
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BORTKIEWICZ
Klaviermusik
Studium auch hier auf das Klavierer studierte bei Karl van
Ark (einem Schler von Leschetizky). Zur Verlngerung seines
Studiums schlo er sich den Theorieklassen von Anatolij
Ljadov an, und um seinem Vater zu gefallen, schrieb er sich
zudem in der Rechtsfakultt der Universitt ein. Dieses
Studienfach war fr den Komponisten jedoch von geringem
Interesse, wie er sich spter erinnerte:
Als Student der Universitt mute ich den Vorlesungen hin
und wieder beiwohnen. Ich wurde der Gttin Polyhymnia
zum Zwecke einer formalen Exkursion ins Reich der
Rechtslehre widerwillig abtrnnig. Als jedoch die Zeit der
Semesterexamen nherrckte, vertiefte ich mich in meine
Rechtsbcher und bestand meine Prfungen wie gewnscht.
Im Jahre 1899 war die Universitt jedoch aufgrund erheblicher
Studentenunruhen gezwungen, ihre Tore zu schlieen. Infolge-
11
Bortkiewicz: Nun war ich verheiratet. Ein neuer Lebensabschnitt begann. Dieser neue Lebensabschnitt war durch
seine erstmalige ernsthafte Auseinandersetzung mit der
Komposition gekennzeichnet. Sein Op. 1 (was immer es auch
gewesen sein mag) ging zwar, wie es scheint, verloren, und
seine Op. 2-Liedersammlung wurde nie verffentlicht, doch im
Jahre 1906 wurden schlielich einige seiner Kompositionen,
nmlich seine Quatre Morceaux fr Klavier, Op. 3, vom
Leipziger Verleger Daniel Rahter herausgegeben.
Von 1904 bis zum Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges lebte
Bortkiewicz in Berlin und verbrachte die Sommer gemeinsam
mit seiner Frau in Ruland. Er war kurzzeitig als Lehrer am
Klindworth-Scharwenka-Konservatorium ttig und gab auch
weiterhin Konzerte (nicht nur in Deutschland, sondern auch in
Wien, Budapest, Paris, Italien und Ruland), wobei er jedoch
immer hufiger ausschlielich eigene Werke spielte. Als im
Jahre 1914 schlielich die Feindseligkeiten ausbrachen, wurde
Bortkiewicz zuerst unter Hausarrest gestellt und dann auf
Umwegen ber Schweden und Finnland zurck nach Ruland
deportiert. Dies war ein harter Schlag fr Bortkiewicz, der eine
starke Bindung zu Deutschland hatte und dort viele Jahre lang
heimisch gewesen war. Doch die Zukunft sollte noch schlimmeres bringen.
Anfangs lie er sich wieder in Charkow nieder und die
Zukunft sah verheiungsvoll aus. Er nahm seinen Lehrberuf
erneut auf und scharte eine Gruppe begabter Schler um sich,
die zu Friedenszeiten in Moskau und St. Petersburg studiert
hatten und nun whrend des Krieges in Sdruland bleiben
muten. In Moskau machte er zudem die Bekanntschaft von
Skrjabin und Tanejew, und voller Zuversicht, da der Krieg bald
enden wrde, begann er mit dem Wiederaufbau seiner
Karriere. Am 25. Mrz 1918 wurde Charkow jedoch von
deutschen Truppen besetzt. In seinen Memoiren kann
Bortkiewicz seine Freude ber die neuen deutschen Nachbarn
kaum verbergen: Nach drei Tagen war die Ordnung wieder
vollends hergestellt. Wir hatten wieder elektrisches Licht,
Wasser und Brot, und die Zge fuhren wieder planmig. Das
12
doch sie enden bei seiner Ankunft in Wien. ber sein Leben
und seine berufliche Laufbahn nach 1922 ist wenig bekannt,
abgesehen davon, da er in seiner neuen Heimat groes
Ansehen geno. Am 10. April 1947 wurde die BortkiewiczGesellschaft in Wien gegrndet, die jedoch nur eine kurze
Lebensdauer hatte. Bortkiewicz starb am 25. Oktober 1952 in
Wien. Ein Groteil seiner verffentlichten Werke ging im Zuge
der Zerstrung, die der Zweite Weltkrieg ber Europa brachte,
verloren, und da sich der Zugriff auf die erhalten gebliebenen
Kompositionen zunehmend erschwerte, geriet Bortkiewicz
schon bald in Vergessenheit. 199725 Jahre nach seinem
Todwurde sein Grab auf dem Wiener Stadtfriedhof auf
Gehei der Wiener Stadtbehrden eingeebnet. Bortkiewiczs
Memoiren, die er im Oktober 1936 fertiggestellt hatte, enden
mit folgenden Worten:
Wer auf einem kulturellen Crescendo emporgetragen
wird, der ist ein Kind des Glcks. Weh dem, der mit dem
Rad der Geschichte untergeht! Vae victis!Und die
Gegenwart? Wohin gehen wirhinauf oder hinab?
Oh, wenn es doch nur bald hinauf ginge!
Wie zu erwarten, enthlt Bortkiewiczs uvre viele Werke
fr sein eigenes Instrument, das Klavier. Er schrieb zwei
Klaviersonaten, viele Sammlungen von Klavierstcken und drei
Klavierkonzerte (das zweite fr die linke Hand). Zudem
komponierte er ein Violin- und ein Cellokonzert sowie eine Oper
mit dem Titel Akrobaten, zwei Sinfonien, Lieder und Kammermusik. Es ist beraus bedauerlich, da so viele seiner Werke
verlorengingen, und man kann nur hoffen, da im Laufe der
Zeit einige erhalten gebliebene Kopien seiner fehlenden Opusnummern ans Tageslicht gelangen.
Sein Op. 17, Lamentationen und Consolationen, wurde
1914 vom Leipziger Verlag Kistner und Siegel herausgegeben.
Die acht Stcke sind auf zwei Bcher verteilt, von denen das
erste Moriz Rosenthal (einem frhen Anhnger und Frderer
von Bortkiewiczs Musik, der eine Aufnahme von dessen
tude in Des-Dur, Op. 15 Nr. 8 machte) und das zweite
Mme Vera de Berens gewidmet ist. Op. 17 zhlt zu seinen
13
zweite Satz ist wohl der befriedigendste, mit einer sehnsuchtsvollen Erffungsmelodie, die spter ausgesprochen schlicht
und elegant ausgeschmckt wirdder Beweis dafr, da er
mehr hervorzubringen wute als nur publikumswirksamen
Wohlklang. Der Schlusatz ist eine uneingeschrnkte Studie in
Virtuositt, die selbst in einer ra der groen Klaviervirtuosen
das verwhnteste Publikum beeindrucken mute. Bei dieser
Sonate (wie bei so vielen anderen Werken von Bortkiewicz)
stellt sich unwillkrlich die Frage, wieviel Ruhm und Reichtum
der Komponist htte ernten knnen, wenn ihn das Schicksal
spter nach Hollywood verschlagen htte.
STEPHEN COOMBS 2000
bersetzung MANUELA HBNER/ANNE STEEB/BERND MLLER
Recorded in All Saints, Durham Road, East Finchley, London, on 30, 31 October 1996 (CD1) & 24 December 1998 (CD2)
Recording Engineers KEN BLAIR (CD1) & TONY FAULKNER (CD2)
Recording Producers AMANDA HURTON (CD1) & MARTIN COMPTON (CD2)
Piano STEINWAY & SONS
Executive Producers JOANNA GAMBLE, SIMON PERRY
P Hyperion Records Limited, London, MCMXCVII (CD1)
P Hyperion Records Limited, London, MM (CD2)
C Hyperion Records Limited, London, MMVIII
Front illustration: Illuminations at the Arsenal (1865) by V S Sadovnikov
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15
SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ
COMPACT DISC 1 [79'33]
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STEPHEN
COOMBS piano
Ten Preludes Op 33
[28'08]
BOOK 1
1
2
3
4
CDD22054
(18771952)
[24'31]
[1'02]
[6'41]
2C D
Hyperion
CDD22054
Duration 148'12
DDD
SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ
(18771952)
BORTKIEWICZ
PIANO MUSIC
A recital to delight the connoisseur of forgotten late 19th-century romantic piano music
(Classic CD)
2 compact discs
CDD22054
2C D
[26'35]
Stephen Coombs provides suave performances artfully phrased and scrupulously colored.
Warmly recommended (Fanfare, USA)
STEPHEN COOMBS
piano
dyad
STEPHEN COOMBS
piano
COOMBS piano
www.hyperion-records.co.uk
HYPERION RECORDS LIMITED . LONDON . ENGLAND
MADE IN ENGLAND
Hyperion
CDD22054
BORTKIEWICZ
PIANO MUSIC
STEPHEN
Sergei Bortkiewicz
Stephen Coombs