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    Waterless Dyeing Techniques

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    Mohammed Atiqul Hoque Chowdhury
    The textile industry uses large amounts of water and chemicals in dyeing processes that pollute the environment. New waterless dyeing techniques use supercritical carbon dioxide instead of water, which can be recycled and reused. One method involves heating and pressurizing carbon dioxide until it reaches a supercritical state where it can dissolve dyes. This allows fabrics to be dyed without water in a more environmentally friendly way that uses less energy and resources. Some brands have started adopting these waterless dyeing methods.

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    Waterless Dyeing Techniques

    Uploaded by

    Mohammed Atiqul Hoque Chowdhury
    344 views4 pages
    The textile industry uses large amounts of water and chemicals in dyeing processes that pollute the environment. New waterless dyeing techniques use supercritical carbon dioxide instead of water, which can be recycled and reused. One method involves heating and pressurizing carbon dioxide until it reaches a supercritical state where it can dissolve dyes. This allows fabrics to be dyed without water in a more environmentally friendly way that uses less energy and resources. Some brands have started adopting these waterless dyeing methods.

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    Waterless Dyeing Techniques

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    The textile industry uses large amounts of water and chemicals in dyeing processes that pollute the environment. New waterless dyeing techniques use supercritical carbon dioxide instead of water, which can be recycled and reused. One method involves heating and pressurizing carbon dioxide until it reaches a supercritical state where it can dissolve dyes. This allows fabrics to be dyed without water in a more environmentally friendly way that uses less energy and resources. Some brands have started adopting these waterless dyeing methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    344 views4 pages

    Waterless Dyeing Techniques

    Uploaded by

    Mohammed Atiqul Hoque Chowdhury
    The textile industry uses large amounts of water and chemicals in dyeing processes that pollute the environment. New waterless dyeing techniques use supercritical carbon dioxide instead of water, which can be recycled and reused. One method involves heating and pressurizing carbon dioxide until it reaches a supercritical state where it can dissolve dyes. This allows fabrics to be dyed without water in a more environmentally friendly way that uses less energy and resources. Some brands have started adopting these waterless dyeing methods.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Home / Knowledge / Article / Waterless Dyeing Techniques

    Waterless Dyeing Techniques

    Written by: Fibre2Fashion.com


    The textile industry has been one of the largest consumers of water and is also
    responsible for polluting the environment with chemical treated waste. It is estimated
    that on an average to process one kilogram of textile material, 100-150 litres of water is

    required. Many companies are working towards cutting back on the usage of water by
    conserving, recycling, dye sublimation, and other new technologies.

    Water is the key component and is used as a solvent in pre-treatment and finishing
    processes such as washing, bleaching, dyeing, rinsing, and scouring. According to the
    World Bank, textile dyeing and treatment are the source of 17-20% of industrial water
    pollution. Until a few years back, there was no substitute for dyeing fabrics but by using
    water. Thanks to dry dyeing, a waterless dyeing technique, this is possible now. This
    process makes use of carbon dioxide to dye textile materials. A super critical liquefied
    form of carbon dioxide dyes fabrics, providing same results as the conventional water
    based methods.

    The dry dyeing method, a pioneering work of a Dutch company in


    textile dyeing, does not make use of water at all. Super critical is a
    state where matter can be expanded into a liquid or heavily
    pressurized and converted to gas. When carbon dioxide is heated to
    over 31C and pressurized to above 74 bar, the super critical state is
    then achieved. Carbon dioxide's liquid like densities proves to be
    beneficial for dissolving hydrophobic dyes and the gas like
    densities, have low viscosities and diffusion properties.

    The supercritical carbon dioxide technique is already being used in apparel dry cleaning,
    and has proved to be by far the best, most gentle, and the cleanest method to do so.
    There are various reasons as to why carbon dioxide is the best supercritical fluid for the
    dry-dyeing technique. It is a naturally occurring inexhaustible resource, physiologically
    compatible, and relatively inexpensive.

    Carbon dioxide is readily available, is biodegradable, and does not release any form of
    volatile organic compounds. Moreover, it is non-toxic, non-flammable, and noncorrosive. These merits make it a very viable dyeing alternative. The biggest merit of
    using carbon dioxide is that it can be recovered, and reused again from the process of
    dyeing, making it a cost-effective option.

    This method of waterless dyeing is also used for printing on garments. The water-based
    dyeing techniques involve drying the garment, once it has been colored, while this new
    innovative technique eliminates this process altogether.

    - See more at: http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/6949/waterless-dyeingtechniques#sthash.6cpYKVqb.dpuf


    Currently, the supercritical carbon dioxide is limited to dyeing of synthetic and polyester
    fabrics with modified dispersed dyes. However, efforts are being made by the company
    and innovators to develop dyeing methods for cellulosics in the distant future. Carbon
    dioxide makes the polymer swell letting the disperse dyes to easily diffuse within the
    polymer, penetrating the pore and capillaries of the fibres. Circulation of the dye
    solutions using the aqua free dyeing method is easier and consumes less energy. The
    deep penetration leads to effective coloring of polymers. The residue produced is
    minimal and can be recycled.

    Dyeing with carbon dioxide delivers brilliant results in terms of dye levelness and shade
    development. The physical properties are also as good as the conventional dyeing
    methods. This kind of dyeing is done in equipments, where in the fabric is rolled and
    inserted in a high pressure vessel filled with carbon dioxide, and pressurized up to 250
    bar. Removing excess dye is also done in the same vessel. The viscosity of dyes produced
    by this process is low. Water less dyeing when compared to conventional dyeing forms
    consumes very less energy, disposes less waste, and completes the dyeing process in
    approximately two to three hours. This makes it an environment friendly and
    sustainable alternative.

    Similarly, a Switzerland based denim dyeing company created a new eco-friendly dye
    that uses 92% less water, 30% less energy, and saves up to 63% cotton waste and
    produces same coloring results when compared to conventional techniques. This state of
    the art process hands over improved color fastness, better production of tones, and
    helps achieve deeper blues.

    Brands like Adidas and Nike have already considered these methods for dyeing clothes
    to meet the demands of consumers who are environment conscious. Since athletic and
    sportswear use polyester and single color, this process would be just perfect.

    Ingenious technologies like these in fabric dyeing can bring a positive change in the
    dyeing processes of the textile industries. Such inventions will bring the textile and
    apparel companies and the users a step closer towards making the environment cleaner
    and greener. Needless to say, it will also solve the problem of water scarcity and value
    the ecological resources.

    Efforts like these must be endorsed, applauded, and recognized to pave way for
    sustainability and curb pollution caused by various industrial textile activities.

    References:

    1.

    Dyecoo.com

    2.

    Forbes.com

    3.

    Indiantextilejournal.com

    4.

    Blog.airdye.com

    Image Courtesy:

    1.

    Knittingindustry.com

    - See more at: http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/6949/waterless-dyeing-techniques?


    page=2#sthash.RgCH2QwU.dpuf

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